共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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目的研制适用于野战情况下的二氧化氯一元化固体剂型.方法采用水溶性钝化剂对亚氯酸钠和酸性活化剂分别实施微包衣措施,生成一元化粉剂,该复合制剂溶于水时释放出有效二氧化氯.依据<消毒技术规范>观察该试剂的性能,并测试该剂型在饮水、餐具、环境以及杀灭生物战剂方面的作用.结果微包衣一元二氧化氯粉剂的溶液对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌黑色变种芽胞、炭疽杆菌芽胞以及HBsAg均有较高杀灭作用.用于饮水、餐具、环境消毒的二氧化氯溶液浓度分别是1 mg/L、50 mg/L和200 mg/L.该剂型同时具有高稳定性、低腐蚀性以及无毒和低刺激性的特点.结论微包衣一元二氧化氯粉剂保留了二氧化氯的优点,且携带、储存和应用方便,可以杀灭生物战剂,因此在野战条件下具有很大应用潜力. 相似文献
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二氧化氯是一种高效消毒剂[1],无毒、无残留[1,2]、无致畸、无致癌等副作用,被世界卫生组织评为A-1级安全消毒剂[2],在美国、日本等发达国家被广泛用于医院、餐饮、食品加工、浴池等行业的消毒。它有别于其它氯制剂,在消毒过程中不产生三氯化合物等致癌物质,与传统用于清洗输液瓶的重铬酸钾洗液相比,具有不烧伤衣物、人员和对设备腐蚀能力小的优点,用于清洗输液瓶的用途未见文献报道,对此进行了实验研究。1仪器与试剂1.1二氧化氯消毒剂(以下简称CIO2):北京佳洁仕环保新技术开发有限责任公司制造,批号:9… 相似文献
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目的考察稳定性二氧化氯喷雾剂局部经皮给药的安全性。方法将健康家兔背部两侧对称脱毛3 cm×3 cm后,每次给予二氧化氯喷雾剂0.5 ml,对其完整皮肤和破损皮肤分别进行单次给药及多次给药的皮肤刺激性试验。结果该喷雾剂对于家兔完整皮肤和破损皮肤单次给药及多次给药后于1、24、48、72 h观察均无红肿或斑块出现。结论本试验条件下二氧化氯喷雾剂局部经皮给药无明显不良反应,表明安全性良好。为二氧化氯喷雾剂用于临床经皮给药提供可靠的试验依据和安全保障,为临床经皮给药提供一种新的二氧化氯新剂型。 相似文献
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鼻用胰岛素气雾剂的实验研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
鼻用胰岛素气雾剂的实验研究陈春霞秦建华余伟均(上海铁道大学医学院药物研究室,上海200070)中国图书分类号R944.7;R977.15近年来,胰岛素非注射剂型的研究越来越引起人们重视,其中胰岛素鼻用剂型的基础研究更加活跃,但多用滴鼻剂〔1〕。我们用... 相似文献
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卡铂肺靶向明胶微球的实验研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的:研制卡铂肺靶向微球。方法:用乳化法制备卡铂微球,正交试验设计考察影响制备工艺的因素。体外长烃药试验研究其缓释性,以微球在家兔的体内分布初步考察其靶向性。结果:所制备微球88.6%的粒径在5-25μm。药物包封率为79.2%。8小时体外药物累积释放百分率达95%并有良好的靶向性。结论:用乳化法制备的卡铂肺靶向微球有良好的应用研究前景。 相似文献
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目的 评价二氧化氯联合超声冲洗对感染根管内厌氧菌的杀灭效果.方法 门诊选择60例急、慢性根尖周炎患者共60颗单根管患牙,随机分成A、B、C3组,每组20颗患牙,用逐步后退法手持器械进行根管预备,同时用超声波冲洗,冲洗剂分别用蒸馏水、1%NaOC1、0.1?O2溶液,根管预备前后分别进行根管内取样,厌氧菌培养,菌落计数,统计学分析.结果 3组根管预备后,根管内厌氧菌较前均显著减少(P<0.001),B、C两组厌氧菌减少程度明显大于A组(P<0.01),但B、C两组之间无显著性(P>0.05)差异.结论 0.1?O2溶液联超声冲洗可有效杀灭感染根管内厌氧菌,是一种较为理想的根管超声冲洗剂. 相似文献
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二氧化氯辅助治疗淋球菌性疾病的临床疗效观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:观察二氧化氯辅助治疗淋球菌性疾病的临床疗效。方法:将100例淋球菌镜检和培养阳性者随机均分为观察组(A组)和对照组(B组),A组采用抗淋药物加外用药物二氧化氯喷雾辅助治疗淋球菌性疾病,并与B组单用抗淋药物治疗的疗效进行对比分析。结果:观察组的总有效率为96%,对照组的总有效率为84%,两组疗效差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:用二氧化氯作为治疗淋球菌感染的辅助药物,症状消失快,治疗时间缩短,收到较满意的效果。 相似文献
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目的考察2种二氧化氯消毒剂的杀菌效果。方法采用悬液定量杀菌试验进行实验室研究。结果当华星牌消毒剂的最低使用质量浓度为480 mg.L-1,二氧化氯泡腾片的最低使用质量浓度为116 mg.L-1时,作用10 m in,对芽孢的杀菌率分别为100%和99.99%。结论2种二氧化氯消毒剂对芽孢具有良好的杀灭效果,能够满足药厂的杀菌需求。 相似文献
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目的 比较几种不同方法清洗手术器械残留血迹的效果.方法 选取外科和妇产科手术室手术器械1 000件,分为A、B、C、D4组,A组以传统方法清洗;B组经传统方法清洗后,以含有效氯500 mg/L的茂康消佳净含氯消毒液浸泡30 min;C组经传统方法清洗后,以含有效氯1 000mg/L的茂康消佳净含氯消毒液浸泡15 min;D组以鲁沃夫多酶清洗剂浸泡5 min以上.比较几种方法的清洗效果.结果 B、C、D组清洗的手术器械,各个部位的合格率显著高于A组(P<0.05),但B、C、D组间效果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 经传统方法清洗后,以含有效氯500 mg/L的茂康消佳净含氯消毒液浸泡30 min或以含有效氯1 000 mg/L的茂康消佳净含氯消毒液浸泡15 min或以鲁沃夫多酶清洗剂浸泡5 min以上均可有效清除手术器械残留血迹,值得临床推广应用. 相似文献
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Belal F Al-Malaq HA Al-Majed AA 《Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis》2000,23(6):1005-1015
A simple and highly sensitive voltammetric method was developed for the determination of isoxsuprine HCl (I) and fenoterol HBr (II) in dosage forms and biological fluids. The method is based on treatment of the two compounds with nitrous acid followed by measuring the cathodic current produced by the resulting nitroso derivatives. The voltammetric behavior was studied adopting Direct Current (DCt), Differential Pulse (DPP) and Alternating Current (ACt) polarography. Both compounds produced well-defined, diffusion-controlled cathodic waves over the whole pH range in Britton–Robinson buffers (BRb). At pH 11 and pH 9, the values of diffusion-current constants (Id), were 9.4±0.3 and 7.7±0.4 for I and II, respectively. The current–concentration plots for I were rectilinear over the range of 0.6–12 μg/ml and 0.1–12 μg/ml in the DCt and DPP modes, respectively. As for II, the range was 1–20 μg/ml and 0.1–20 μg/ml in the DCt and DPP modes, respectively. The minimum detectability (S/N=2) were 0.02 μg/ml (≈6×10−8 M) and 0.01 μg/ml (≈2.6×10−8 M) for I and II, respectively, adopting the DPP mode. The proposed method was applied to the determination of both compounds in dosage forms and the results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained using reference methods. The proposed method was further applied to the determination of isoxsuprine in spiked human urine and plasma. The percentage recoveries adopting the DPP mode were 98.84±1.18 and 99.26±0.97, respectively. 相似文献
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The relative bioavailability of loratadine administered as a chewing gum formulation in healthy volunteers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Noehr-Jensen L Damkier P Bidstrup TB Pedersen RS Nielsen F Brosen K 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2006,62(6):437-445
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of loratadine and its active metabolite desloratadine after single-dose administration of loratadine as a conventional tablet, orally disintegrating tablet (smelt tablet) and a chewing gum formulation with and without the collection of saliva.Methods Twelve healthy male volunteers participated in a four-period cross-over trial evaluating the effect of dosage forms on the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of loratadine. Loratadine was administered as two 10-mg conventional tablet, two 10-mg smelt tablet, a 30-mg portion of medicated chewing gum without collection of saliva and a 30-mg portion of medicated chewing gum with collection of saliva. Blood samples were taken at predefined sampling points 0–24 h after medication, and the plasma concentrations of loratadine and desloratadine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Each study period was separated by a wash-out period of at least 7 days.Results The mean dose-corrected area under the plasma concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity AUC(0−∞) for the chewing gum formulation was statistically significantly increased compared to the tablet formulation (geometric mean ratio: 2.68; 95%CI: 1.75–4.09). Desloratadine pharmacokinetic parameters from the chewing gum formulation were not statistically significantly different from the conventional tablet. Neither loratadine nor desloratadine pharmacokinetics of the smelt tablet formulation were statistically significantly different from the conventional tablet formulation. Plasma concentrations of desloratadine following the administration of loratadine as chewing gum with saliva collection were very low.Conclusion Our study showed that formulation of loratadine as a medicated chewing gum results in an almost threefold increase in relative bioavailability. This is most likely due to a bypass of first-pass metabolism as this study suggests that approximately 40% of the absorbed loratadine was absorbed via the oral mucosa. 相似文献
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目的:从制剂学的角度分析我国基本药物的特点。方法:查阅相关文献,结合药剂学专业知识,比较我国基本药物和世界卫生组织(WHO)基本药物的剂型特点。结果:我国2009版《国家基本药物目录·基层医疗卫生机构配备使用部分》中,化学药品和生物制品共205个品种,涉及270个制剂,按剂型分为21类;中成药共102个品种,涉及188个制剂,按剂型分为13类;制剂与品种数之比为1.49,略高于现版WHO的比值(1.31)。结论:我国2009版《国家基本药物目录·基层医疗卫生机构配备使用部分》的剂型较丰富,能够满足临床治疗的需求,但还应不断优化品种,适度增加品种的新剂型以达到更好的治疗效果,从而更好的满足城乡居民基本用药需求。 相似文献