正交试验优选了哥王的提取工艺

目的研究影响了哥王提取的各种因素,确定最佳提取工艺。方法采用正交试验,考察乙醇提取次数、加醇量、醇体积分数、提取时间4个因素的影响,以乙醇浸膏收率、总黄酮的质量分数、抗炎效果为指标优选了哥王的乙醇提取工艺。结果在所考察的因素中,对乙醇浸膏收率、总黄酮的质量分数、抗炎效果影响程度均为醇体积分数>提取次数>提取时间>加醇量。3方面因素,以抗炎效果为主要指标,确定最佳提取工艺为A1B3C2D2,即75%乙醇10倍量提取2次,每次4h。结论本实验采用的方法和指标适合于了哥王的提取。     

正交设计法优选黄花败酱总皂苷提取工艺

目的：优选黄花败酱中总皂苷的提取工艺。方法：以总皂苷浸出量和浸膏得率为评价指标,对提取次数进行考察;选择乙醇浓度、溶媒用量和提取时间为考察因素,用正交试验优选黄花败酱总皂苷提取工艺。结果：最佳提取条件为70%乙醇提取2次,加醇量分别为10倍和8倍,提取时间分别为2.0h和1.5h。结论：该提取工艺可有效提取黄花败酱中的总皂苷。     

正交试验法优选桃红四物汤醇提工艺

目的：优选桃红四物汤的醇提工艺。方法：以总黄酮含量和浸膏得率为考察指标,以乙醇浓度、乙醇用量、提取时间、提取次数为考察因素,采用正交试验优选桃红四物汤的最佳醇提工艺。结果：桃红四物汤的最佳醇提工艺为加6倍量80％乙醇提取三次,每次1．5h。结论：优选出的桃红四物汤的醇提工艺合理、稳定,可为其工业化生产提供参考。     

蒲芍前列腺炎胶囊乙醇提取最佳工艺研究

目的确定蒲芍前列腺炎胶囊的乙醇提取最佳工艺。方法采用正交试验法,以丹参酮ⅡA和芍药苷提得量为指标,对乙醇浓度、乙醇用量、提取时间及提取次数4个影响因素进行考察,优选提取工艺。结果以80％L醇加热回流提取3次,每次1．0h,每次加醇量分别为6倍为提取条件时,所得丹参酮ⅡA和芍药苷最高,此为蒲芍前列腺炎胶囊的乙醇提取最佳工艺。结论优选出的最佳工艺条件经验证实验表明结果稳定,指标性成分含量高,可以用于投入生产。     

正交试验优选丁香叶中总酚酸制备工艺

目的:优选丁香叶中总酚酸最佳水提取乙醇沉降工艺。方法:以出膏率、原儿茶酸、咖啡酸的量为评价指标,选取加水倍量、煎煮时间和煎煮次数为考察因素,采用正交试验优选丁香叶中总酚酸的最佳水提工艺;选取醇沉浓度、醇沉时间、醇沉温度为考察因素,采用正交试验优选丁香叶提取液的乙醇沉降工艺。结果:优选的最佳提取工艺为加10倍量的水,煎煮3次,每次1 h,最佳醇沉工艺为含醇量为70%,温度60℃,静置12 h。结论:该工艺简单稳定,可作为丁香叶工业化的提取工艺。     

芪红胶囊醇提工艺的研究

目的：优选苠红胶囊醇提工艺。方法：以红景天苷提取量和干膏得率为指标,采用L9（3^4）正交设计试验,对提取时间、乙醇浓度、乙醇倍量因素进行考察．以确定最优提取工艺。结果：最优工艺为用14倍量95％乙醇,回流提取2次,每次1h。结论：优选得到的芪红胶囊醇提工艺稳定、可行。     

复方鼻炎颗粒的醇提工艺优选

目的：优选复方鼻炎颗粒醇提工艺。方法：以黄蓖甲苷及欧前胡素含量和浸膏得率为指标进行综合评价,通过正交实验考查乙醇浓度、提取次数、提取时间和加醇倍量对提取工艺的影响。结果：最佳醇提工艺为乙醇浓度75％,加醇10倍量,提取3次,每次1．0h。结论：优选的提取工艺稳定可行。     

三越麻黄汤提取工艺的优选

目的：对三越麻黄汤的提取工艺进行初步优选。方法：分别以橙皮苷、甘草酸、氯仿浸出物以及麻黄碱、85％乙醇浸出物为指标．采用单因素实验设计及均匀试验．设计优选了三越麻黄汤的醉提工艺和水提工艺。结果：优选出的醉提工艺为：以80％的乙醇为提取溶媒。回流3次。每次1．5h，每次加醇量为处方药材量的8倍；水提工艺为：煎煮2次．每次2．5h．每次加水量为处方药材量的16倍。结论：最优提取工艺条稳定、可行。     

全蝎、蜈蚣醇提工艺的研究

目的 研究全蝎、蜈蚣乙醇提取工艺，并且采用正交设计法优选全蝎、蜈蚣的提取工艺条件。方法 运用乙醇回流提取法进行提取，以醇浸膏得率及总氮含量为检测指标，考察乙醇浓度、加醇量以及回流时间对实验结果的影响。结果 对数据进行综合评价，所得全蝎、蜈蚣的较优醇提工艺条件为用4倍量、3倍量60％乙醇回流提取2次，时间分别为1．0h，0．5h。结论 实验结果表明此醇取工艺合理，稳定可行，并且适于工业化大生产。     

正交实验法优选水飞蓟总黄酮的提取工艺

目的优选水飞蓟总黄酮的最佳提取工艺。方法以水飞蓟总黄酮含量为考察指标,采用正交试验法,对提取过程中乙醇浓度、加醇量、提取时间和提取次数4个影响因素进行研究。结果最佳提取工艺为用6倍75%乙醇提取3次,每次1 h。结论优选的提取工艺效率高,可增加水飞蓟的利用率。     

益智健脑颗粒联合针灸对阿尔茨海默病大鼠学习记忆的影响

目的观察益智健脑颗粒联合针灸对阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimers disease,AD）大鼠学习记忆的影响。方法将大鼠随机分为假手术组（A组）、模型组（B组）、针灸组（C组）、益智＋针灸组（D组）各10只,B、C、D 3组分别以海马CA1区注射β淀粉样蛋白25-35（Aβ25-35）造模,A组注射等量的双蒸水,各组分别治疗20 d后行Morris水迷宫试验,观察大鼠学习记忆能力变化。结果B组较A组的平均潜伏期明显延长,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;与B组比较,C组、D组的平均潜伏期明显缩短,过台次数增多,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;与C组比较,D组的潜伏期缩短,过台次数增多,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论益智健脑颗粒联合针灸能够提高Aβ25-35介导的AD模型大鼠的学习记忆能力。     

Liuwei Dihuang,a traditional Chinese herbal formula,suppresses chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in obese rats

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and adipokine-ameliorating effects of Liuwei Dihuang （LWDH）, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, in obese rats. METHODS： After 2 weeks of acclimation with free access to regular rodent chow and water, obese-prone-caesarean-derived （OP-CD） rats were fed a modified AIN-93G diet containing 60% energy from fat. Treatment was performed twice daily by gavage feeding with 500, 1 500, or 3 500 mg/kg body weight LWDH suspended in water （n=12 rats per group）. Twelve obese-resistant-CD （OR-CD） rats were fed the atherogenic diet and gavaged with water, and served as the normal control. Blood biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and adiponectin were measured post-sacrifice and used to determine the treatment effect of LWDH and assess the suitability of OR/OP-CD rats for studying these parameters. RESULTS： After 9 weeks of treatment, LWDH lowered serum C-reactive protein （CRP） and tumour necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） levels. Serum interleukin-6 （IL-6） levels showed a tendency towards reduction, but were not significantly different from the OP-CD control. Liver superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity was increased in response to all three doses of LWDH, while the levels of reduced （GSH） and oxidized glutathione （GSSG） and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances （TBARS） were unchanged. Serum adiponectin levels were increased in response to oral administration of LWDH at the dose of either 500 or 1 500 mg/kg body weight. In addition, comparisons between OR-CD and OP-CD rats revealed differential, and for some biomarkers, conflicting characteristics of high-fat diet-fed OP-CD rats in reference to obese human subjects in terms of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and circulating adiponectin levels. CONCLUSION： The results show, for the first time, the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress and adiponectin-ameliorating effects of LWDH in obese rats. The suitability of the OP-JOP-CD rat model as     

程丑夫教授论治情志病验案举隅

程丑夫是国家级名老中医,湖南中医药大学第一附属医院主任医师、教授、博士生导师,享受政府特殊津贴专家,出身于中医世家,从医40余年,经验丰富,对于内科系统及疑难杂症的治疗颇有心得,笔者有幸跟师学习,聆听教诲,受益匪浅,现将程师论治情志病的经典验案略陈一二。1思虑伤脾案患者肖某,女,27岁。初诊：2014年5月20日。半年前因婚变后出现忧心忡忡,多思多虑,近1月来反复腹部胀满,刻诊：腹胀,食后为甚,呃逆,无反酸,通气后可减轻,无腹痛,不欲食,夜寐不安,二便调。舌红苔厚白腻,脉弦,BP：110／70mmHg。     

补肾活血方对PCOS大鼠模型卵巢中PAI-1mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨补肾活血方对大鼠PCOS模型卵巢局部纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子-1（PAI—1mRNA）表达的影响。方法选用未成年24d龄SD雌性大鼠60只,随机分为模型组、克罗米酚组、补肾活血方高剂量组、补肾活血方低剂量组、正常对照组5组。用Bogovich法建立大鼠多囊卵巢病理模型。以克罗米酚为对照。用原位杂交法观察补肾活血方对多囊卵巢大鼠局部PAI—1mRNA的影响。结果模型组卵巢局部PAI—1mRNA存在卵泡膜间质细胞显著增高,用补肾活血方高、低剂量与克罗米酚药后,卵巢局部PAI-1mRNA的表达明显降低．差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05、P〈0．01）。补肾活血方高剂量组与克罗米酚组比较,差异具有显著统计学意义（P〈0．01）;低荆量组与克罗米酚组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,补肾活血方高、低剂量组比较,低剂量组卵泡膜间质细胞上PAI-1的基因表达增高更明显,但二者差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论PAI-1mRNA可能与多囊卵巢综合征的发病机制有关。以补肾活血立法的补肾活血方能降低多囊卵巢大鼠局部PAI—1mRNA的显著增高表达．降低PAI—1mRNA卵巢局部的作用。提示补肾活血方可能通过PAI—1mRNA途径促进卵巢排卵的机制。     

表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂在非小细胞肺癌应用的瓶颈——获得性耐药

以表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor,EGFR-TKI）分子靶向治疗研究为肇始,转化性研究使基础实验和临床实践间的鸿沟迅速填平,改变着人们认识治疗肺癌的视角。无可否认,EGFR-TKI上市后极大地延伸了肿瘤学家治疗肺癌的手段,但不管从临床经验、临床研究数据、分子生物学层面还是文献计量学的角度,     

UniPron is A Fully Effective Non-hormonal Reversible Contraceptive in Baboon Model （Papio Anubis）

Objective To determine the safety and efficacy of UniPron as a reversible contraceptive.
Methods Vaginal swabs were obtained before and after UniPron administration, cultured onto appropriate culture media and bacteria identification was done based on type of media used, Gram stain reactions, colony morphology and biochemical tests. Vaginal biopsy tissues were processed using paraffin wax method, stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined under light microscopy to determine the effect of the product on vaginal tissues. The effect of UniPron on sperm was examined by mixing the product with electroejaculated spermatozoa in vitro at different concentrations. For efficacy studies, male baboons of proven fertility were mated with UniPron treated or untreated females of proven fertility during the fertile stages.
Results All the five females （100%） that were treated with UniPron did not conceive and they regained total fertility when the treatment was stopped while all the controls conceived. At a concentration of 40%, UniPron completely immobilized spermatozoa in an in-vitro system. UniPron mechanism of action was by lowering the vaginal pH and on application in baboon, the pH was lowered for at least 3 h after which it went back to normal.
Conclusions As we plan for a study to test UniPron as a microbicide to prevent STIs including HIV, our current study has established that this novel product is effective in contraception and harmless to vaginal tissues and vaginal microbial flora in a baboon model （Papio anubis）.     

WHO西太区与“世界中医药学会联合会”中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：精、神、气、血、津、液部分

精、神、气、血、津、液是中医理论中6个非常重要的概念，有关术语在《WHO西太区传统医学国际标准名词术语》中一共收录了59条，“世界中医药学会联合会”（以下简称世中联）《中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准》中收录了58条。血、津、液的内涵较为具体，有一定的物质基础，理解并不困难。翻译上虽有差异，但亦不难统一。精、神、     

Mechanical tests on the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament fixed with allogenetic cortical bone cross-pin on the femoral side

Background Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction （ACLR） has developed dramatically in the last century.Now,ACLR has become a reliable and productive procedure.Patients feel satisfied in 〉90% cases.The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of allogenetic cortical bone cross-pin （ACBCP） used as a clinical fixation method in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on the femoral side based on biomechanical tests in vitro.Methods The specimens were provided by the bone banks of the First Affiliated Hospital of People＇s Liberation Army of General Hospital from September 2011 to June 2012.Fresh deep frozen human allogenetic cortical bone was machined into cross-pins which is 4.0 mm in diameter and 75.0 mm in length.Biomechanical parameters compared with Rigidfix were collected while cross-pins were tested in double-shear test.The load-to-failure test and cycling test were carried out in a goat model to reconstruct anterior cruciate ligament with Achilles tendon autograft on the femoral side fixed by human 4.0 mm ACBCP and 3.3 mm Rigidfix served as control.Maximum failure load,yield load,and stiffness of fixation in single load-to-failure test were compared between the two groups.Cycle-specific stiffness and displacement at cycles 1,30,200,400,and 1 000 were also compared in between.Results In double-shear test both maximum failed load and yield load of 4.0 mm humanACBCP were （1 236.998±201.940） N.Maximum failed load and yield load of Rigidfix were （807.929±110.511） N and （592.483±58.821） N.The differences of maximum failed load and yield load were significant between ACBCP and Rigidfix,P 〈0.05.The shear strength of ACBCP and Rigidfix were （49.243±8.039） MPa and （34.637±3.439） MPa,respectively,P 〈0.05.In the load-to-failure test ex vivo,yield load and maximum failed load of ACBCP fixation complexity （（867.104±132.856）N,（1 032.243±196.281） N） were higher than those of Rigidfix （（640.935±42.836） N,（800.568±64.890） N,P 〈0.05）.However,s     

中医疗法治疗运动性疲劳的研究进展

随着竞技体育的发展，运动员经常承受着大负荷、超强度的体力训练，因此极易产生运动性疲劳。疲劳的出现使肌内压增高，局部缺血，造成氧化代谢、H^＋排出率与pH值降低，血乳酸增高，从而影响肌纤维神经传导速度和肌内收缩力量，减弱了肌肉保护能力。致使较多的冲击力传到骨骼上，故易导致疲劳骨折的发生,严重影响了运动员的训练和比赛成绩，对运动员身心产生不必要的伤害。运动性疲劳消除手段的研究一直是竞技体育工作和运动医学关注和研究的焦点。     

Effects of tacrolimus and cyclosporine treatment on metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors after renal transplantation: a meta-analysis

Background The therapeutic success of renal transplantation has been largely attributable to the development of effective and balanced immunosuppressive treatment regimens.This study provides a meta-analysis of a series of randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of tacrolimus and cyclosporine on metabolic syndrome （MetS） and cardiovascular risk factors after renal transplantation.Methods We searched various electronic databases and bibliographies,including MEDLINE,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and EMBASE,for relevant studies published prior to October 2012.Results Our meta-analysis included five randomized controlled trials that examined a total of 923 patients.The tacrolimus group and the cyclosporine group exhibited no significant differences in MetS incidence after renal transplantation; risk ratio （RR）：1.06,95％ confidence interval （C/）：0.73-1.55,P=0.76.Cyclosporine treatment was associated with a higher incidence of hyperlipidemia （RR：0.50,95％ CI：0.39-0.64,P ＜0.01）.Although there were no statistically significant differences,cyclosporine treatment was associated with a higher incidence of hypertension （RR：0.91,95％ CI：0.83-1.00,P=0.06） after renal transplantation compared to tacrolimus treatment,and tacrolimus treatment was associated with a higher incidence of diabetes after renal transplantation （RR：1.79,95％ CI：0.98-3.27,P=0.06） compared to cyclosporine treatment.Conclusions Compared to tacrolimus treatment,cyclosporine treatment was associated with a higher incidence of hyperlipidemia.Future large-scale studies are expected to be conducted to further confirm our findings.