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1.
M. Aslam A.A Siddiqui G. Sandeep S.V. Madhu 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(3):313-316
Aim
To find out the prevalence of obesity and glucose intolerance among nurses working in tertiary care hospital.Methods
Study was conducted in 496 apparently healthy females comprising two groups. Group B had 290 nurses and control group A had 206 age matched female subjects of general population. Detailed performa was filled which included anthropometry, systemic examination and other details. Fasting plasma glucose was done followed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Subjects with body mass index ≥23?kg/m2 were categorized as ‘overweight’ and ≥25?kg/m2 as ‘obese’ as per criteria for Asian Indians. Women with waist circumference of ≥80?cm were categorized as ‘centrally obese’.Results
Mean age of subjects in groups A and B was 40.45?±?8.64?years and 40.50?±?6.96?years respectively. Significantly higher number of nurses (80%) were overweight or obese compared to controls (59.71%,P?=?<?.001). Similarly, central obesity was significantly higher in nurses (82.07%) compared to controls (67.96%,P?=?<.001). The prevalence of glucose intolerance (prediabetes and newly detected diabetes) was significantly higher in controls compared to nurses (45.63% vs 29.66%, P?<?.001).Conclusion
Every four out of five nurses working in tertiary care hospital have overweight/obesity and central obesity. Despite this they have lower rates of glucose intolerance. 相似文献2.
Carlos H. Orces Carlos Lorenzo 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(2):147-153
Aims
To examine the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among subjects aged 60 years and older in Ecuador.Materials and methods
The present study used data from the National Survey of Health, Wellbeing, and Aging to describe the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among older adults. Logistic regression models were assembled to examine the association between certain demographic and health characteristics of participants and prediabetes and diabetes prevalence rates.Results
Of 2298 participants, the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes was 36.9% (95% CI: 34.2%–39.6%) and 16.7% (95% CI: 14.9%–18.7%) among older adults in Ecuador, respectively. Notably, higher diabetes prevalence rates were seen among women, black subjects, residents in the urban coastal region, and obese participants than those without. In general, the prevalence of diabetes widely varied across provinces of the country, with higher rates seen in provinces along the coastal region of the country. After adjustment for age, gender, and BMI, residents in the urban coast, subjects with greater number of comorbidities, and those classified as having hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia had significantly higher odds of having diabetes than those without.Conclusions
Prediabetes and diabetes are prevalent among older adults in Ecuador. The increased prevalence of these metabolic disorders was particularly associated with obesity. Thus, the present findings may assist health care authorities to implement healthy lifestyle interventions among older Ecuadorians at risk for diabetes. 相似文献3.
Sivabal Vanjiappan Abdoul Hamide Ramesh Ananthakrishnan Senthilkumar Gandhipuram Periyasamy Vadivelan Mehalingam 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(4):479-482
Introduction
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a wide spectrum of liver disease that ranges from hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Obesity and diabetes mellitus are the prime risk factors for NAFLD. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of NAFLD among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to detect the association of NAFLD with cardiovascular disease in them.Study design
Prospective observational study.Material and methods
The study was conducted on 300 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. All patients underwent hepatic ultrasonography to look for hepatic steatosis. Among the 300 patients, 124 were divided into NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups based on the ultrasound findings. These patients were subjected to electrocardiogram, 2D echocardiogram, carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) measurement and ankle brachial pressure index measurement along with measurement of markers of oxidative stress.Results
Hepatic steatosis was present in 61% of diabetic patients in this study. Cardiovascular disease was not found to be significantly associated in diabetic patients with NAFLD. However, cardiovascular risk factors like CIMT, high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were elevated in these patients. hs-CRP and MDA levels were found to be significantly associated with the severity of NAFLD.Conclusion
There is a high prevalence of NAFLD in type 2 diabetic patients. No correlation was detected between the presence of NAFLD and cardiovascular disease in them; although there was an association between cardiovascular risk factors and NAFLD. 相似文献4.
Ferdos Zaman Sedigheh Nouhjah Hajieh Shahbazian Nahid Shahbazian Seyed Mahmoud Latifi Alireza Jahanshahi 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(5):721-725
Aims
Early identification of at-risk groups is an important step in preventing gestational diabetes and its subsequent side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of gestational diabetes based on the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria in Ahvaz.Material and Methods
In a cross-sectional case control study, 520 pregnant women involving life after gestational diabetes Ahvaz cohort study (LAGAs) were investigated for risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus.Result
The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 40% and25.8% in the GMD group and in 35.8% and 16.2% in the control group respectively (p?=?0.002). According to NCEP-ATP III criteria, 16.9% of women with GDM and 6.9% of mothers in the control group had metabolic syndrome in first visit of pregnancy (p?<?0.001. Logistic regression showed that there is a significant relationship between maternal age[OR?=?1.05(95% CI, 1.01–1.10)] (p?=?0.01), previous GDM [OR?=?5.60(95% CI, 2.21–14.18)] (p?=?0.001), positive family history of diabetes[OR?=?1.86(95% CI, 1.19–2.94)] (p?=?0.006), pre-pregnancy BMI [OR?=?1.05(95% CI, 1.007–1.11)] (p?=?0.04) and metabolic syndrome in first visit of pregnancy[OR?=?2.34 (95% CI, 1.038–5.30)] (p?=?0.04) with GDM.Conclusion
Factors including maternal age, previous GDM, family history of diabetes, pre-pregnancy BMI reported in previous studies around the world. A significant association between metabolic syndrome in the first visit of pregnancy and GDM is novel finding of this study. Therefore screening of pre-pregnancy metabolic syndrome in women at risk of gestational diabetes is recommended. 相似文献5.
Reem M. Al Haj Ahmad Hayder A. Al-Domi 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):1091-1094
Introduction
Dementia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two of the epidemics of our time; in which insulin resistance (IR) is playing the central role. Epidemiological studies found that different types of dementia development may be promoted by the presence of T2DM.Objectives
We aimed in this review to highlight the role of insulin and the IR in the brain as a pathophysiological factor of dementia development and also to expand our understanding of T2DM as a mediator of IR in the brain and to review the possible mechanisms of action that may explain the association.Methodology
A critical review of the relevant published English articles up to 2018, using PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, ADI, and WHO database was carried out. Keywords were included insulin resistance, T3DM, T2DM, dementia, brain insulin resistance were used.Conclusion
The rapidly increased prevalence of dementia concurrently with T2DM and obesity need urgent action to illustrate guidelines for prevention, modifying, and treatment based on mechanistic studies. 相似文献6.
B.K. Mishra P. Shukla M. Aslam A.A. Siddiqui S.V. Madhu 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):839-842
Background
It is being increasingly reported that some of the youth onset diabetes patients cannot be classified clearly as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on usual criteria and the term double diabetes (DD) coined for these cases.Aim
The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of DD in youth onset diabetes patients from east Delhi and neighboring NCR region.Methods
A total of 200 patients with youth onset diabetes below 25 years of age were recruited from a tertiary care hospital in East Delhi. Clinical history, family history of diabetes and anthropometry of patients were recorded. Fasting serum C-peptide, Anti-IA2-antibody and Anti-GAD-antibody were measured in all patients. Patients positive for Anti-GAD-antibody (>1.05 U/ml) and C-peptide level >0.3 nmol/l were characterized as DD patients. Patients negative for Anti-GAD-antibody and C-peptide >0.3 nmol/l were kept under the category of T2DM. Patients with low C-peptide level along with one of the following, positive Anti-GAD-antibody, positive Anti-IA2-antibody and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) were considered as T1DM. Remaining patients were kept under the unknown category.Results
Mean age of study subjects was 18.2 ± 7.1 years. Seven percent (7%) of the subjects were classified as DD, 51% as T1DM, 13% as T2DM and 29% were kept under the unknown category. Mean age of subjects with 22.2 ± 9.7, 16.9 ± 6.7, 20.6 ± 7.7 and 19.4 ± 7.4 years in DD, T1DM, T2DM and unknown category respectively. Mean BMI of subjects with DD, T1DM, T2DM and unknown category was 19.8 ± 5.7, 16.6 ± 3.7, 19.3 ± 4.1 and 18.0 ± 4.6 kg/m2 respectively.Conclusion
Double diabetes is an important occurrence among youth onset diabetes subjects. Only half of the subjects with youth onset of diabetes had T1DM. 相似文献7.
Deldar Morad Abdulah Alan Bapeer Hassan Farsat Saeed Saadi Ary Habeeb Mohammed 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):969-975
Objectives
Dietary and physical activity advice have been considered to be seminal ingredients in prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this regard, the impacts of a three-month self-management intervention on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes were examined in the present study.Study design
A Double-arm post-test intervention study.Methods
In the current post-test intervention study, three two-hour educational sessions on dietary habits and physical activity designed according to Health Belief Model were presented to 16 non-complicated type 2 diabetic patients and their dietary, physical activities, and biochemical outcomes were compared to a 23 patient-control arm in Iraq in 2017. The level of physical activity was measured through International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), dietary habits through UK Diabetes and Diet Questionnaire (UKDDQ), and biochemical indicators including HbA1c were measured after three months of program completion.Results
The study showed that walking, taking vegetable, fruit, and bread were higher and taking full-fat cheese and full-fat spread was lower among experimental group significantly compared to control arm. In addition, the experimental group had a substantial higher albumin and lower urea, ALP-Phosphatase, and glucose levels in comparison with control patients. No substantial change was seen in HbA1C and no change in milk and fish products.Conclusions
The substantial positive changes in physical activity, dietary habits, and some biochemical indicators were seen following intervention completion in the experimental arm. 相似文献8.
Sedigheh Nouhjah Hajieh Shahbazian Nahid Shahbazian Shayesteh Jahanfar Alireza Jahanshahi Bahman Cheraghian Zeinab Dehghan Mohammadi Niloofar Ghodrati Sousan Houshmandi 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(3):317-323
Aims
This study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome and its potential risk factors, 6–12 weeks postpartum in women with GDM compared to women with normal glucose tolerance.Methods
LAGAs is an ongoing population-based prospective cohort study that started in March 2015 in Ahvaz, Iran. During 11 months of study progression, 176 women with GDM pregnancy and 86 healthy women underwent a fasting glucose test, 75-g OGTT and fasting lipid tests at 6–12 weeks postpartum. GDM was defined based on IADPSG criteria. Postpartum glucose intolerance was defined according to ADA criteria and metabolic syndrome using 2 sets of criteria.Results
The overall rate of metabolic syndrome at 6–12 weeks postpartum was 16% by NCEP-ATP III criteria (18.2% in women with GDM and 11.6% in controls) and 19.1% by IDF criteria (21% in women with gestational diabetes and 15.1% in controls). Pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity, (OR 1.89, 95% CI: 1.05-3.38, P?=?.03), pregnancy systolic blood pressure (OR 1.03, 95% CI: 1.008–1.52, P?=?.006) and requiring insulin or metformin (OR 3.08, 95% CI: 1.25–7.60, P?=?0.01), were associated risk factors for the presence of MetS in GDM-exposed women. In women with normal glucose during pregnancy, pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25?kg/m2 was a risk factor of metabolic syndrome (OR 2.82, 95% CI: 1.11–7.15, P?=?.02).Conclusion
The rate of metabolic syndrome in women with or without GDM at 6–12 weeks postpartum is high particularly in women with high BMI. An early postpartum prevention and screening program for cardiovascular risk factors is important for women with GDM. 相似文献9.
Vimal Upreti Vijay Maitri Pawan Dhull Ajay Handa M.S. Prakash Anil Behl 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(4):509-512
Context
Vitamin D supplementation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients may lead to improved glycemic control by improving insulin secretion and decreasing insulin resistance.Aims
To investigate effect of oral vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coexisting hypovitaminosis D.Settings and design
Randomized, Parallel Group, Placebo Controlled Trial carried out in a tertiary care hospital of Indian Armed Forces.Methods and material
Sixty patients with coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypovitaminosis D were randomized into cases and controls and were supplemented with oral Vitamin D and microcrystalline cellulose respectively for six months. Subjects' HbA1c and vitamin D levels were monitored at the beginning and end of the study, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) & post prandial plasma glucose (PPPG) during monthly OPD visits.Statistical analysis used
Intra-group comparison was made by paired t test & unpaired t test was used for inter-group (A v/s B) comparisons. Repeated measures ANOVA was undertaken to compare values over time.Results
The two groups were comparable for all parameters at baseline. Case group showed significant decrease in mean HbA1c levels (7.29% to 7.02%; P?=?0.01), mean FPG levels (131.4 to 102.6?mg/dl; P?=?0.04) and mean PPPG levels (196.2 to 135.0?mg/dl; P?<?0.001). Incidentally, significant improvement in systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure and total cholesterol was also noted in the cases, while for LDL cholesterol improvement tended towards significance (p?=?0.05).Conclusions
We found that oral vitamin D supplementation was associated with improved glycemic control and other metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Supplementation to achieve normal levels of vitamin D can be a promising adjuvant therapy for T2DM patients & coexisting hypovitaminosis D. 相似文献10.
Maaz Ozair Saba Noor Alok Raghav Sheelu Shafiq Siddiqi Anjum Mirza Chugtai Jamal Ahmad 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(3):301-304
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health burden worldwide with many patients encountering thyroid dysfunction later in their life. Various studies have found that diabetes and thyroid disorders mutually influence each other and both disorders tend to coexists. However, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and associated clinical variables in these patients has not been investigated.Objectives
The study aimed at determining the incidence and prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with T2DM in relation to age, sex, metabolic syndrome and other co-morbid conditions.Research designs & methods
In this cross-sectional study, 250 Type 2 DM patients were enrolled aged between 40 and 75 years. All the patients were evaluated for thyroid dysfunction by testing thyroid profile (T3, T4 and TSH. These subjects were also investigated for fasting blood sugar (FBS), post prandial glucose (PPG) glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein(LDL), very low density lipoprotein(VLDL), blood urea, serum creatinine and presence of other co-morbid conditions. The observations and interpretations were recorded and results obtained were statistically analyzed.Results
A high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction (28%) was observed in type 2 diabetic patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (18.8%) as the commonest thyroid disorder. Thyroid dysfunction was more prevalent in females, with presence of dyslipidemia, retinopathy, poor glycemic state (HbA1c ≥7) and longer duration of diabetes as significant contributing factors associated.Conclusions
In addition to glycemic status, screening of thyroid disorder should be routinely done in type 2 diabetic subjects along with other comorbid conditions. 相似文献11.
May Oo Khin Simon Gates Ponnusamy Saravanan 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(3):405-410
Introduction and objective
The role of metformin in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is also increasing. However, almost half of metformin-treated women required additional insulin. Therefore, identifying the characteristics of these women may help define optimal therapeutic strategy.Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study done in a District General Hospital, UK. GDM was diagnosed by 75?g OGTT test between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation with fasting levels of ≥6.1?mmol/l and/or 2?h postprandial (PP) level of ≥7.8?mmol/l. Logistic regression and receiver operator curves (ROC) were performed to identify the predictors of metformin failure.Results
Out of 228 women with GDM included, 46/228 (20.2%) and 151/228 (66.2%) received insulin and metformin as first-line medication respectively. Among the metformin-treated, 13 stopped treatment and were excluded from analysis. Of the included 138 metformin-treated women, 77 (55.8%) required supplementary insulin (metformin failure). Metformin failure group had higher maternal age and fasting glucose level at OGTT, HbA1c at OGTT and earlier gestational age (GA) at medication initiation. Metformin failure was predicted if fasting OGTT level >4.8?mmol/l (69% sensitivity and 62% specificity). If the fasting levels of IADPSG (International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups) criteria and NICE (National Institute of Health and Care Excellence) were used, the positive predictive value was 78% and 77% respectively.Conclusion
As women with higher fasting glucose levels have higher chance of necessitating insulin in later pregnancies, appropriate addition of insulin at metformin initiation for these women could help better glycaemic control throughout pregnancy. 相似文献12.
Ramfis Nieto-Martínez Jeffrey I. Mechanick Imperia Brajkovich Eunice Ugel Alejandro Risques Hermes Florez Juan Pablo González-Rivas 《Primary Care Diabetes》2018,12(2):126-132
Objective
The prevalence of diabetes in multiple regions of Venezuela is unknown. To determine the prevalence of diabetes in five populations from three regions of Venezuela.Methods
During 2006–2010, 1334 subjects ≥20 years were selected by multistage stratified random sampling from all households from 3 regions of Venezuela. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical analysis were obtained. Statistical methods were calculated using SPSS 20 software.Findings
Mean (SE) age was 44.8 years (0.39) and 68.5% were females. The prevalence of diabetes was 8.3% (95% CI, 6.9%–10.0%), higher in men than women (11.2% and 7.0% respectively; p = 0.01). The prevalence adjusted by age and gender was 8.0% (95% CI, 6.9%–9.9%). This figure increased with age, with the lowest prevalence in the 20–29 year old group (1.8% [95% CI, 0.6%–4.8%]) and the highest in the oldest group (26.8% [95% CI, 16.2%–40.5%]). Subjects with overweight or obesity had no increased risk of diabetes compared with those with normal weight. However, in women, the presence of abdominal obesity was associated with an increase of the risk of diabetes by 77% (OR 1.77 [95% CI, 1.1%–2.9%]). The prevalence of prediabetes was 14.6% (95% CI, 12.8%–16.7%), and only 48.2% were aware of their diabetes condition.Conclusion
In this study, 8.3% of the subjects had diabetes and 14.6% prediabetes. Less than half of the subjects with diabetes were aware of their condition. These results point to a major public health problem, requiring the implementation of diabetes prevention programs. 相似文献13.
T.-T. Li A.-P. Wang J.-X. Lu M.-Y. Chen C.-C. Zhao Z.-H. Tang L.-X. Li W.-P. Jia 《Diabetes & metabolism》2018,44(5):437-443
Aim
As the prevalence and clinical characteristics of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are still unknown in ketosis-onset diabetes, the present study compared the characteristics of NAFLD in type 1 diabetes (T1D), ketosis-onset and non-ketotic type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.Methods
This cross-sectional study was performed with newly diagnosed Chinese patients with diabetes, including 39 T1D, 165 ketosis-onset and 173 non-ketotic T2D, with 30 non-diabetics included as controls. NAFLD was determined by hepatic ultrasonography, then its clinical features were analyzed and its associated risk factors evaluated.Results
NAFLD prevalence in patients with ketosis-onset diabetes (61.8%) was significantly higher than in controls (23.3%; P = 0.003) and in T1D patients (15.4%; P < 0.001). However, there was no difference in prevalence between ketosis-onset and non-ketotic T2D patients (52.6%; P = 0.229), although BMI and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) proved to be independent risk factors for the presence of NAFLD in both these groups whereas, in T1D patients, serum uric acid levels were independent risk factors.Conclusion
NAFLD prevalence and risk factors in ketosis-onset diabetes were similar to those in non-ketotic T2D, but different from those in T1D. These data provide further evidence that ketosis-onset diabetes should be classified as a subtype of T2D rather than idiopathic T1D. 相似文献14.
Deepak Gahlan Rajesh Rajput Pratibha Gehlawat Rajiv Gupta 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(3):333-336
Background
Patients of diabetes mellitus experience psychological difficulties associated with their disease which remains unrecognized involving several states related to coping with diabetes. Diabetes distress is a distinct condition which is often mistaken for depression and is related to adverse disease outcomes.Aims and objective
To study the prevalence and predictors of diabetes distress in patients of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a tertiary care centre.Materials and methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of one year at Endocrine OPD of Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, a tertiary care centre in northern India. 410 consecutive patients having T2DM attending the endocrine OPD were screened for psychiatric disorders and 189 diabetic patients with no underlying psychiatric disorders were included in the study. Their socio-demographic and relevant clinical variables were recorded. Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) was used to measure distress due to the disease in these patients.Results
It was found that the prevalence of diabetes distress was 18.0%; among them 16.1% had emotion related distress, 5.6% regimen related distress, 1.5% interpersonal related distress and 1.2% physician related diabetes distress. The major predictors for high diabetes distress scores among diabetic cases were low education level, retinopathy, neuropathy and hypertension.Conclusion
The present study suggests that emotion related diabetes distress was more prevalent among diabetic patients. Lower education level and the presence of diabetic complications contribute as risk factors for high diabetes distress. 相似文献15.
Aim
In this study, the impact of serum bilirubin on new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Korean adults was investigated.Methods
Data were obtained from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), a population-based prospective cohort study. The study enrolled 8650 adults (4015 men and 4635 women), aged 40 to 69 years, who underwent a mean follow-up of 8.4 years. The study population was divided into quartiles (Q) of serum bilirubin levels, with cut-off points at 0.46, 0.61 and 0.82 mg/dL for men, and 0.35, 0.47 and 0.61 mg/dL for women. T2DM was defined based on the following data: fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L, HbA1c level ≥ 6.5% or 2-h plasma glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test.Results
Over the mean 8.4-year follow-up, 786 participants (9.1%) developed T2DM. Compared with Q1, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for T2DM incidence were 0.52 (0.36–0.74) in men and 0.56 (0.38–0.83) in women aged ≥50 years, respectively, in the highest Q group after adjusting for possible confounding factors. These significant results persisted in those with impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose.Conclusion
The results of this study reveal a protective role for serum total bilirubin on new-onset T2DM in Korean men and women. In addition, serum total bilirubin had favourable effects on new-onset T2DM in those with impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose. 相似文献16.
Carla Torre José Pedro Guerreiro Sónia Romano Ana Miranda Patrícia Longo Sílvia Alão João Conceição Pedro Laires 《Primary Care Diabetes》2018,12(6):537-546
Aims
This study aimed to characterize and estimate prevalence and frequency of mild to moderate hypoglycemia and potentially associated factors in a population of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients treated at ambulatory care level.Methods
HIPOS-PHARMA was a nationwide observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted in community pharmacies, which surveyed T2DM patients treated for at least 3 months.Results
Overall, 233 pharmacies recruited 1890 patients (males: 50.6%) with mean 67.1 years. On average, participants reported having diabetes for 11.8 years. A total of 86.9% had at least one chronic illness or complication of diabetes, and 76.8% were usually followed in the primary care setting. Fifty eight percent were treated without a secretagogue or insulin. Overall prevalence of mild to moderate hypoglycemic episodes in the 3 months prior to recruitment was 17.8%. A 3.13% prevalence of severe hypoglycemia was observed in the last 12 months. Results suggested that men and patients on antihyperglycemic therapies excluding secretagogues or insulin were less likely to have mild to moderate hypoglycemic episodes.Conclusions
Mild to moderate hypoglycemic episodes were commonly reported, and factors like type of antihyperglycemic therapy, duration of disease and due complications may contribute. Almost half of episodes were not reported. Such factors should be considered in T2DM management. 相似文献17.
Saeideh Zareei Reza Homayounfar Mohammad mehdi Naghizadeh Elham Ehrampoush Maryam Rahimi 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(3):399-404
Aim
Among the most common metabolic disorders during pregnancy is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This research was conducted to examine the dietary pattern in women with GDM.Material and methods
In this case-study, 204 pregnant women (104 cases and 100 control women) were chosen through convenient sampling and random sampling. The subjects' food intakes were assessed using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, while their activities evaluated by physical activity questionnaire. Anthropometric indices were measured based on standard instructions, and the body mass index was calculated. The dietary patterns were determined using principal component analysis and its relationship with preeclampsia was tested using logistic regression method.Results
Unhealthy and healthy dietary patterns were found among the pregnant women. In the unhealthy group, after modifying the effect of confounding variables, a significant relationship was observed between dietary pattern and having gestational diabetes (OR?=?2.838,95% CI:1.039–7.751). In the healthy group, on the other hand, the people in the fourth quartile had 149% and 184% higher chance not to catch gestational diabetes before and after modification with confounders, respectively (OR?=?0.284,95% CI:0.096–0.838), when compared with people in the first quartile.Conclusion
The findings indicated that selection of foods including fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairies, etc. as healthy dietary pattern is associated with diminished risk of GDM among pregnant women. Determining healthy dietary pattern during pregnancy, considering the foods consumed among pregnant women, as a useful and practical guide during this period can be publicized for training and nutritional interventions. 相似文献18.
Heidi Hakkarainen Hanna Huopio Henna Cederberg Raimo Voutilainen Seppo Heinonen 《Primary Care Diabetes》2018,12(4):364-370
Aims
Was to determine whether the birth weight of the infant predicts prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or both) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) during long-term follow-up of women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods
The women with or without GDM during their pregnancies in Kuopio University Hospital in 1989–2009 (n = 876) were contacted and invited for an evaluation. They were stratified into two groups according to the newborn’s birth weight: 10–90th percentile (appropriate-for-gestational-age; AGA) (n = 662) and >90th percentile (large-for-gestational-age; LGA) (n = 116). Glucose tolerance was investigated with an oral glucose tolerance test after a mean follow-up time of 7.3 (SD 5.1) years.Results
The incidence of T2DM was 11.8% and 0% in the women with and without GDM, respectively, after an LGA delivery. The incidence of prediabetes increased with offspring birth weight categories in the women with and without GDM: from 46.3% and 26.2% (AGA) to 52.9% and 29.2% (LGA), respectively.Conclusions
GDM women with LGA infants are at an increased risk for subsequent development of T2DM and therefore represent a target group for intervention to delay or prevent T2DM development. In contrast, an LGA delivery without GDM does not increase T2DM risk. 相似文献19.
Mohsen Janghorbani Nouralddin Soltanian Masoud Amini Ashraf Aminorroaya 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(5):715-719
Background
Studies reported that lipid-lowering treatment may increase the risk of diabetes, support the hypothesis that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the association between the LDLC levels and the incidence of T2D in an Iranian high-risk population not treated with lipid-lowering medications.Methods
Mean 10-year follow-up data (1819) in non-diabetic first-degree relatives (FDR) of consecutive patients with T2D 30–70 years old, who were not treated with lipid-lowering drugs at baseline were examined. The diagnosis of T2D based on serial oral glucose tolerance test was the primary outcome. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for the incidence of T2D within tertiles of LDLC.Results
A higher LDLC concentration was significantly associated with higher risk of T2D. Compared with the first tertile, the adjusted risk of T2D increased for the second (HR 1.20, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.35, P?<?0.01) and third (HR 1.22, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.37, P?<?0.01), tertiles of LDLC.Conclusions
While these results await confirmation, a higher LDLC level was significantly associated with higher risk of T2D, independent of age, gender, fasting plasma glucose, waist circumference or blood pressure, in high-risk individuals in Iran. 相似文献20.
Tarek Mohamed Ali Ahmad El Askary 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):1045-1050