高血压患者的左室舒张功能与胰岛素样生长因子1

目的:应用超声技术评价高血压患者左室舒张功能,并探讨其与胰岛素样类生长因子1的关系。方法:选择2003-06/2003-12齐鲁医院门诊及住院的单纯原发性高血压患者61例为高血压组。根据左室质量指数将患者分为左室心肌肥厚组30例和无心肌肥厚组31例。选择同期齐鲁医院门诊体检健康自愿者20例为对照组,男8例,女12例。脉冲波多普勒超声测量所有研究对象二尖瓣血流,根据二尖瓣瓣尖频谱测量舒张早期最大血流速度、晚期最大血流速度及其比值。多普勒组织成像测量二尖瓣环心肌舒张早期峰值运动速度、晚期峰值运动速度及其比值。所有研究对象均用放射免疫分析测定血清胰岛素样类生长因子1的浓度。结果:高血压患者二尖瓣瓣尖舒张早期、晚期最大血流速度比值明显小于对照组(P<0.01),左室心肌肥厚组二尖瓣瓣尖舒张早期最大血流速度/二尖瓣瓣尖晚期最大血流速度比值明显小于无心肌肥厚组(P<0.01);无心肌肥厚组、左室心肌肥厚组患者二尖瓣侧环心肌舒张早期峰值运动速度/心肌舒张晚期峰值运动速度比值(0.88±0.12,0.74±0.09)均小于对照组(1.42±0.11)(P<0.01);左室心肌肥厚组比值明显小于无心肌肥厚组(P<0.01)。无心肌肥厚组、左室心肌肥厚组患者血清胰岛素样生长因子1水平明显高于对照组(P均<0.001);左室心肌肥厚组血清     

慢性肺心病患者与左心室舒张功能状态变化的关系

本文对32例肺心病患者进行多普勒超声心动图检查，通过有关参数测定，判断左心室舒张功能与慢性肺心病之间的关系。     

超声心动图对中年初诊2型糖尿病患者左室舒张功能的评价

目的：利用超声心动图对比评价中年初发糖尿病患者的左室心脏结构及舒张功能。方法：测量对照组（30例）及T2DM组（41例）左室结构（LA、LV、IVS、LVPW）、二尖瓣频谱（Ep、Ap、Ep／Ap）及肺静脉血流频谱（Sp、Dp、ap）各项数值及各自的阳性检出率，并进行比较评价。结果：T2DM组各项指标与对照组比较差异均存在显著性（P＜0．05）．T2DM组中肺静脉血流频谱ap的异常检出率明显增高。结论：T2DM患者一经确诊就存在左室舒张功能减退，早期通过血流频谱对其进行监测，敏感性高，简单易行。     

国产氨氯地平对高血压病患者左室舒张功能的影响

目的评价国产氨氯地平的降压疗效及对高血压患者左室舒张功能的影响.方法观察29例轻-中度高血压患者服用国产氨氯地平4周后的降压效果,并采用多普勒超声心动图(UCG)测定4周前后左室舒张功能的变化.结果国产氨氯地平治疗4周,SBP、DBP及脉压均有显著降低(P＜0.01～0.05).E峰峰值流速和EDV增加,IVRT缩短,从而使A峰峰值流速、A/E及心房充盈分数降低,E波持续时间及EDFP/DFP减少(P＜0.01～0.05),左室舒张功能得到改善.左室舒张功能与SBP、DBP和脉压呈负相关.结论国产氨氯地平能安全有效地降低血压,并能够改善左室舒张功能.     

高血压患者的左室舒张功能与胰岛素样生长因子

目的：应用超声技术评价高血压患者左室舒张功能，并探讨其与胰岛素样类生长因子1的关系。方法：选择2003—06／2003-12齐鲁医院门诊及住院的单纯原发性高血压患者61例为高血压组。根据左室质量指数将患者分为左室心肌肥厚组30例和无心肌肥厚组31例。选择同期齐鲁医院门诊体检健康自愿者20例为对照组，男8例，女12例。脉冲波多普勒超声测量所有研究对象二尖瓣血流，根据二尖瓣瓣尖频谱测量舒张早期最大血流速度、晚期最大血流速度及其比值。多普勒组织成像测量二尖瓣环心肌舒张早期峰值运动速度、晚期峰值运动速度及其比值。所有研究对象均用放射免疫分析测定血清胰岛素样类生长因子1的浓度。结果：高血压患者二尖瓣瓣尖舒张早期、晚期最大血流速度比值明显小于对照组(P&;lt;0．01)，左室心肌肥厚组二尖瓣瓣尖舒张早期最大血流速度／二尖瓣瓣尖晚期最大血流速度比值明显小于无心肌肥厚组(P&;lt;0．01)；无心肌肥厚组、左室心肌肥厚组患者二尖瓣侧环心肌舒张早期峰值运动速度／心肌舒张晚期峰值运动速度比值(0．88&;#177;0．12，0．74&;#177;0．09)均小于对照组(1．42&;#177;0．11)(P&;lt;0．01)；左室心肌肥厚组比值明显小于无心肌肥厚组(P&;lt;0．01)。无心肌肥厚组、左室心肌肥厚组患者血清胰岛素样生长因子1水平明显高于对照组(P均&;lt;0．001)；左室心肌肥厚组血清胰岛素样生长因子1水平明显高于无心肌肥厚组(P&;lt;0．01)；胰岛素样生长因子1与二尖瓣瓣尖舒张早期最大血流速度／二尖瓣瓣尖晚期最大血流速度、侧环心肌舒张早期峰值运动速度／心肌舒张晚期峰值运动速度呈显著负相关(r=-0．65，-0．61，P&;lt;0．01)。结论：胰岛素样生长因子1与应用超声技术评价的高血压左室舒张功能有较好相关性。     

应变率显像对高血压患者左室舒张功能的评价

目的探讨应变率显像(SRI)技术评价高血压患者左室舒张功能的临床意义.方法获取25例高血压病人和20例正常人二腔观、三腔观和四腔观应变率显像及组织多普勒图像,分析左室各节段心肌舒张期应变率曲线和二尖瓣环运动速度曲线,计算左室各节段应变率(SR)、平均峰值应变率(mSR)、左室平均应变率传播速度(PVS)和二尖瓣环平均运动速度(V).常规测量二尖瓣口E、A、E/A值.结果与正常组相比,高血压组舒张早期V、SR均有明显降低,舒张早期和舒张晚期PVS均降低.舒张早期SR与V呈高度正相关.舒张早期除后间隔基底段和侧壁基底段外其余相应节段心肌SR均有显著降低.结论SRI是一项准确定量评价高血压患者左室整体和局部舒张功能的无创性新技术.     

M型彩色多普勒超声心动图对原发性高血压和冠心病患者左室舒张功能的评估作用

背景左室舒张功能障碍的评价对于患者的心功能分级、诊断与治疗,具有重要的意义。但对不同收缩功能状态及E/A比值假性正常化时的左室舒张功能的研究少见有报道。目的探讨M型彩色多普勒超声心动图在研究原发性高血压和冠心病患者左室舒张功能中的作用,并与传统方法进行比较。设计以诊断为依据的病例对照研究。地点、对象和方法收集2001-11/2002-05中山大学附属三院门诊和住院患者,对照组为门诊正常体检者,自愿参加本研究。在超声心动图室收集资料。36例正常人为对照组,74例原发性高血压(essentialhy-pertension,HTN)患者(HTN组)和33例冠心病患者(冠心病组)进行了研究。采用M型彩色多普勒超声心动图进行研究。左室容量用Teichholz公式由舒张末和收缩末容积估计,然后计算射血分数和缩短分数。主要观察指标①HTN患者、正常人、冠心病患者从二尖瓣到心尖的早期充盈峰速传播速率(rateofpropagationofpeakearlyfillingflowvelocity,Vp)。②早期充盈峰速时间(timedelayrateofpropagationofpeakearlyfillingflowvelocity,TD)和Vp/E比值。③左室舒张早期、晚期跨二尖瓣血流峰速(E峰和A峰)、早期和晚期血流峰速比(E/A)和舒张晚期跨二尖瓣血流峰速时间。④肺静脉收缩期血流速度、舒张期血流速度、肺静脉返流速度和返     

高血压患者动态血压与左心室舒张功能关系的探讨——附44例分析

目的分析高血压患者动态血压与左心室舒张功能的关系.方法应用无创动态血压监测系统及彩色多普勒超声心动描记术对44例高血压患者和年龄匹配的同期住院的无器质性心脏病及糖尿病病史的10例病人(对照组)进行检测,并对检测结果作对比分析.结果①高血压组患者未发现有收缩功能异常,发现舒张功能下降的有24例,占54%;②根据二尖瓣血流A峰速度(A)与E峰速度(E)的大小分组,A＞E组患者的23时01分至7时00分时段及24小时平均收缩压均高于A＜E组(P＜0.05),具有统计学意义;7时01分至23时00分时段的平均收缩压也有增高的趋势,但P=0.08,未达到统计学差异;③经多元回归分析,发现A/E值与年龄和24小时平均收缩压(SBP)呈正相关,回归方程A/E=-2.306+0.02501×年龄+0.01549×24hSBP,确定系数R2=0.64.结论高血压患者的平均收缩压较高者,其左心室舒张功能受累的机会也较高,A/E比值与年龄及24小时平均收缩压具有相关性.     

应变率显像评价高血压患者左室功能

目的探讨高血压患者左室心肌应变特征。方法90例原发性高血压患者及30例正常人,行常规超声心动图检查并测量左房、左室大小;室间隔和左室后壁厚度及其室壁增厚率,左室短轴缩短率和射血分数;同时测定舒张早期左室充盈峰速度(E)、心房收缩期左室充盈峰速度(A)、E/A比值等参数。依据左室心肌质量指数(LVMI)将90例原发性高血压患者分为两组左室肥厚组52例(LVH,左室质量指数男≥134g/m2,女≥110g/m2);无左室肥厚组38例(NLVH,左室质量指数男<134g/m2,女<110g/m2)。应用应变率显像技术(SRI)分别测定其应变与应变率参数。结果与对照组及NLVH组相比,LVH组收缩期峰值应变(PSS)、收缩期应变率峰值(SRs)及舒张早期应变率峰值(SRe)均降低(P均<0.05),而各组心房收缩期应变率峰值(SRa)无明显差别。结论应变率显像技术可评价不同程度原发性高血压患者的左室心肌收缩、舒张功能。     

Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with hypertension and preserved systolic function

OBJECTIVE: To assess prospectively diastolic function in hypertensive patients with preserved left ventricular function, particularly focusing on the limitation of the transmitral flow velocity curve alone to detect diastolic dysfunction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Comprehensive Doppler analysis was performed in 51 hypertensive patients with preserved left ventricular systolic function. RESULTS: The ratio of the peak early diastolic filling wave velocity to the peak velocity of filling wave at atrial contraction was less than the age-adjusted mean value minus 2 SD in 16 patients, and the other 35 patients had a "normal" transmitral Doppler signal. However, the combined transmitral and pulmonary venous Doppler analysis revealed that 12 of these 35 patients had a "pseudonormal" pattern. The prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was estimated at 31% with use of transmitral Doppler alone but increased to 55% when comprehensive Doppler analysis was used (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The presence of diastolic dysfunction has been frequently overlooked in hypertensive patients with transmitral Doppler analysis alone, and an assessment of diastolic function with a comprehensive Doppler analysis is needed in patients at risk for diastolic dysfunction.     

Left ventricular diastolic function in patients with bronchial asthma

The aim of the study was to evaluate the diastolic function of the left ventricle (LV) in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) in relation to the phase and severity of the disease. Seventy four patients with BA, including 16 with mild persistent BA, 39 with moderate BA, and 19 with severe BA were examined in different phases of the disease. Echocardiography and Doppler study of intracardiac blood flow were performed and external respiratory function was studied. Thirty six healthy persons matched by age, gender, body weight, and blood pressure values made up a control group. Most characteristics of LV diastolic relaxation were found to become much worse in BA, which is due to bronchial obstruction, hypoxemia, dilatation, hypertrophy, and altered diastolic filling of the right ventricle (RV). LV diastolic filling improved when an exacerbation of BA attenuated. Worsening BA severity was ascertained to lead to decreased early LV filling, which is associated with enhanced bronchial obstruction, progressive RV hypertrophy and dilation, concentrated LV remodeling. The most likely mechanism of impaired transmitral blood flow in progressive BA is the impaired LV and RV interaction and pulmonary hemodynamic rearrangement. The revealed LV diastolic dysfunction in patients with BA of various severity and in different phases of the disease were not found to depend on heart rate changes.     

Left ventricular diastolic function in sepsis

Although systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle has been characterized in septic shock (SS) and sepsis without shock (SWS), diastolic abnormalities are less well characterized. Diastolic filling was determined using pulsed Doppler transmitral spectral tracings in 13 patients with SS, ten patients with SWS, and 33 normal controls. Diastolic filling variables and heart rate were similar in patients with SS and SWS. The SS and SWS patients had an abnormal pattern of diastolic filling compared with controls and were characterized by an increase in peak atrial velocity (70 +/- 20 cm/sec SS, 84 +/- 18 cm/sec SWS vs. 56 +/- 11 cm/sec controls, p less than .05), decreased peak rapid filling velocity/peak atrial filling velocity (1.1 +/- 0.3, SS, 1.1 +/- 0.2 SWS vs. 1.5 +/- 0.4 controls, p less than .05), increased atrial filling fraction (39 +/- 11 SS, 42 +/- 6 SWS vs. 30 +/- 10 controls, p less than .05) and prolongation of atrial filling period as a function of the diastolic filling period (0.48 +/- 0.10 SS, 0.43 +/- 0.10 SWS vs. 0.30 +/- 0.07 controls, p less than .05). Heart rate was higher in SS and SWS compared with controls (116 +/- 15 beat/min SS, 110 +/- 26 beat/min SWS vs. 73 +/- 12 beat/min controls, p less than .05). In patients with SS and SWS, there is increased reliance on atrial systolic contribution to diastolic filling. We conclude that diastolic dysfunction occurs with systemic infections.     

Left and right ventricular systolic long-axis function and diastolic function in patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy

Aims: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by apical wall motion abnormalities without coronary stenosis. Limited information is available on the genesis of the underlying reversible contractile disorder. Our objective in this prospective study was to investigate biventricular changes in systolic long‐axis function and diastolic parameters in the acute phase and after recovery. Methods and results: Thirteen consecutive patients were examined by echocardiography and coronary angiography at admission and again by echocardiography after 3 months. Amplitudes, systolic and diastolic velocities of the mitral and tricuspid annuli and conventional diastolic parameters were measured. Systolic long‐axis shortening of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) improved from 9·6 ± 2·2 mm to 11·2 ± 1·9 mm (P = 0·02) and from 21·3 ± 3·6 mm to 24·1 ± 2·8 mm (P = 0·02), respectively. LV systolic, early and late diastolic velocities measured by pulsed‐wave tissue Doppler also improved, while additional conventional diastolic parameters of the LV and RV diastolic function were unchanged. Conclusions: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy temporarily affects systolic LV and RV function, while most diastolic parameters remain unchanged.     

高血压病左室舒张功能与血管内皮功能的关系

目的:研究高血压病患者左室舒张功能与血管内皮功能改变之间的关系.方法:研究对象包括46例高血压病患者和20例健康对照者.应用高分辨率超声测量肱动脉充血后反应性扩张(DTRH)和含服硝酸甘油后血管内径的变化(DTNG).应用脉冲多普勒检测二尖瓣口血流及肺静脉血流频谱,测量二尖瓣舒张早期峰值血流速度(Ep)、舒张晚期峰值血流速度(Ap)和两者之比(Ep/Ap)、E峰减速时间(DT)及心房收缩期肺静脉反转血流峰值速度(Ar).检测等容舒张时间(IVRT).将患者分为左室舒张功能正常组(Ep/Ap＞l,Ar正常且DT和IVRT正常)和异常组(Ep/Ap＜1或Ep/Ap＞1且Ar异常或IVRT异常或DT异常).结果:高血压病患者DTRH均低于健康对照者(P＜0.01),且左室舒张异常的患者DTRH较左室舒张功能正常的患者显著减小[(4.70±1.86)%vs.(7.38±2.42)%,P＜0.01].而DTNG及年龄、血压、血脂、血糖的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).相关分析显示:患者DTRH与Ep/Ap、Ep、Ap、Ar、DT、IVRT均存在有意义的相关性(Jp＜0.01).结论:高血压病患者左室舒张功能的改变与血管内皮功能变化密切相关,血管内皮功能障碍可能在左室舒张功能不全的发生发展中起作用.     

Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in septic shock

Summary Objective: The identification of myocardial dysfunction in septic shock has not yet been fully elucidated. We therefore studied patients with persistently vasopressor-dependent septic shock, both with invasive haemodynamic monitoring and transoesophageal two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography (TEE). Design: Prospective study. Setting: General ICU in University Hospital. Patients and methods: All patients were monitored with arterial and pulmonary artery catheters. Haemodynamics were obtained concomitantly with TEE measurements. TEE was performed at three levels: a) a midpapillary short axis view of the left ventricle (LV) in order to measure end-systolic and end-diastolic areas; b) at the level of both the mitral valve for early (E) and late (A) filling parameters and c) the level of the right upper pulmonary vein for systolic (S) and diastolic (D) filling characteristics. Each parameter was characterised by maximal flow velocity and time velocity integral. Results: Although the measurements of cardiac index demonstrated a wide range, three subsets of patients were identified post hoc after analysis on the basis of different Doppler patterns: first, patients with a LV without regional wall motion abnormalities and both E/A and S/D greater than 1 (group 1); second, patients with a comparable haemodynamic condition, apparently normal LV systolic function but with altered Doppler patterns: S/D less than 1 in conjunction with E/A more than 1 (group 2); finally, patients with compromised global LV systolic function, E/A less than 1 and S/D less than (group 3). Conclusions: Notwithstanding the known various interfering factors which limit the broad applicability of TEE to determine LV function in septic shock, our data suggest that cardiac dysfunction in septic shock shows a continuum from isolated diastolic dysfunction to both diastolic and systolic ventricular failure. These data strengthen the need of including the evaluation of pulmonary venous Doppler parameters in each investigation in order to obtain supplementary information to interpret diastolic function of the LV in septic shock patients. Received: 29 February 1996 Accepted: 10 February 1997