高血压病患者动脉硬化指数增高的相关因素分析

目的观察动脉硬化指数(ASI)增高的高血压病患者,探讨其临床一般情况、血液生化指标等特点,分析临床意义。方法随机检测156例高血压病患者的动脉硬化指数、血压、脉压,并检测患者的血尿酸、血糖、血脂、肌酐、尿素氮等血液生化指标。按照患者的ASI分为两组。ASI正常组:127例,ASI值在0~70之间;ASI增高组:29例,ASI值为71或以上。结果(1)ASI增高组患者的年龄、病史、收缩压和脉压显著高于ASI正常组,其舒张压显著低于ASI正常组(均P<0.01)。(2)ASI增高组患者的血尿酸(P<0.01),尿素氮(P<0.05)水平也显著增高。结论年龄大、病史时间长、收缩压升高、舒张压降低、脉压增大、血尿酸和尿素氮水平升高均可能与ASI异常增高相关联。     

动态动脉硬化指数研究进展

动脉硬化是高血压心血管并发症的独立危险因素,动态动脉硬化指数作为新的动脉硬化评价指标,近年来引起了广泛的研究。其受到年龄、血压和夜间血压下降等因素的影响,可重复性为中等水平,正常值范围有待进一步研究确认。其与脉搏波传导速度等传统动脉硬化指标中等程度相关,同时与肾功能损伤、血管损伤和心脏损伤等高血压靶器官损伤相关,临床上能一定程度预测心血管疾病和脑卒中等高血压并发症的发生风险。     

无并发症高血压病患者动脉硬化指数、血液生化指标和肾功能的变化及其意义

目的 探讨无并发症高血压病患者的动脉硬化指数(ASI)、血液生化指标和肾功能的变化,并探讨其临床意义.方法 对解放军总医院工作人员中无并发症高血压病患者90例进行ASI、血压、脉压和血液生化指标的检测,并应用Cockcrolft-Gault公式计算肌酐清除率.另选性别、年龄相匹配的健康工作人员56例作为对照组.结果 无并发症高血压病患者组的ASI、心率、肌酐清除率(均P<0.05)、血压(收缩压、舒张压、脉压)、体重指数和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(均P值<0.01)都显著高于对照组.结论 即使是无并发症的轻症高血压病患者也存在一定程度的动脉硬化,心率增快,转氨酶升高,肾脏高滤过,而且较多超重和肥胖.     

不同动态血压相关动脉硬化指数与高血压早期肾损害的相关性

目的 探讨四种动态血压相关动脉硬化指数与原发性高血压（EH）患者早期肾损害指标间的相关性和预测早期肾损害能力的优劣。方法 选取253例EH患者为研究对象,获取四种动态血压相关动脉硬化指数（24h PP、PPI、AASI、S-AASI）和早期肾损害指标（mA1b、eGFR）等。分析四种指数与早期肾功能受损的相关性,采用ROC曲线分析四种指数在预测和评估早期肾功能受损的价值。结果 偏相关分析显示,24h PP、PPI、AASI、S-AASI与mA1b/Cr呈正相关（r分别为0.470、0.448、0.613和0.632,P<0.05）;与eGFR呈负相关（r分别为－0.308、－0.254、－0.399和－0.352,P<0.05）;多元回归分析显示,24h PP、PPI、AASI、S-AASI是影响eGFR的相关因素。四种动态血压相关动脉硬化指数ROC曲线下面积从大到小依次为S-AASI、AASI、24h PP和PPI（AUC分别为0.692、0.686、0.681和0.655）,其诊断的准确度均为中等,其中S-AASI灵敏度最高,而PPI的特异度最高。结论 四种动态血压相关动脉硬化指数对EH早期肾脏损伤的预测价值相似。     

中老年人群动态动脉硬化指数增高的相关危险因素研究

目的 探讨中老年人群动态动脉硬化指数（AASI）增高的发生率及其与传统心血管病危险因素之间的关系.方法 采用横断面研究,入选2009年3月至2010年11月在我院门诊及住院的50～80岁的中老年人,检测AASI并调查其一般资料及心血管病危险因素,分析AASI增高的发生率及相关的危险因素.结果 AASI增高的发生率为14.7%（138/940）,其中男性为12.1% （63/520）,女性为17.8%（75/420）.AASI增高的独立相关危险因素是女性、年龄、糖尿病史、高血压史、体重指数（BMI）、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、吸烟史.结论 AASI增高与传统心血管病危险因素密切相关,可作为心血管病危险人群的一种无创、简单筛查手段.     

动态动脉硬化指数对高血压预后的评价

动脉硬化是心血管疾病发生和死亡的重要独立预测因子。临床研究显示,高血压患者大动脉硬化的经典指标——颈-股脉搏波传导速度(pulse wave velocity,PWV)每增加4～5m/s,心血管死亡风     

14112例脂肪肝相关因素分析

目的：探讨脂肪性肝病（脂肪肝）的相关影响因素。方法分析14112健康查体者的临床资料,分析脂肪肝的相关影响因素。结果14112名受检者中,检出脂肪肝2874例,脂肪肝患病率为20．29％。其中男性患病率明显高于女性（ P＜0．01）;随着年龄增长脂肪肝患病率显著增加,在21～60岁体检人员中,男性检出率高于女性,在＞60岁者中女性的检出率高于男性;脂肪肝检出率随着体重指数增加显著上升。脂肪肝患者转氨酶异常发生率显著高于非脂肪肝者（P＜0．01）。结论性别、年龄、体质量指数、转氨酶与脂肪肝发病率有关。重点干预30～60岁肥胖男性及脂肪肝并转氨酶异常者有助于预防脂肪肝。     

3620例查体者动脉硬化程度检测及相关因素分析

随社会现代化进展,心脑血管发病率逐渐升高,为社会及家庭带来不少负担。研究显示,动脉硬化程度与冠心病、脑梗死等发病关系密切。2008年4月-2010年12月,我们为3620例查体者行动脉硬化程度检测,并对其相关因素进行了分析,现报告如下。     

动态动脉硬化指数与原发性高血压患者血压昼夜节律的相关性研究

目的分析动态动脉硬化指数(AASI)与原发性高血压患者血压昼夜节律的相关性。方法选取2014年8月—2016年6月航空总医院收治的原发性高血压患者183例,根据AASI分为AASI≤0.49者46例(A组)、0.49     

60岁及60岁以上健康男性体重指数与心率变异性的关系

目的：探讨≥60岁健康男性心率变异性(HRV)时域指标与体重指数(BMI)的关系。方法：对152例≥60岁健康男性按 BMI 分为正常体重组(BMI 18.5～23.9)61例,超重组(BMI 24.0～27.9)60例, 和肥胖组(BMI≥28)31例；行24 h 动态心电图检查测定其 HRV 时域指标。结果：与正常体重组相比,肥胖组 HRV 各时域指标均显著降低(P＜0.01),超重组除两个相邻的 NN 间期＞50 ms 心率数占所分析信息期内心率数的百分比(PNN50)外 HRV 各时域指标均显著降低(P＜0.05～0.01)。肥胖组与超重组比较 HRV 各时域指标均显著降低(P＜0.05～0.01)。结论：≥60岁健康男性体重指数越高,HRV 各时域指标越低。     

正常人动态动脉僵硬指数随年龄的变化及与24 h脉压的相关性

目的 动态动脉僵硬指数(AASI)是新近提出的反映收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)之间动力学关系的一项指标,这项研究的主要目的是探讨正常人AASI随年龄的变化及其与24 h脉压(24 h PP)的相关性.方法 246名正常人[平均年龄(59.7±14.6)岁,女性占38.6%]在保持日常工作和生活起居的情况下配戴24 h动态血压监测(ABPM)仪,记录从早晨6:00到晚上22:00每间隔30min和从晚上22:00到第2天早晨6:00每问隔60 min的血压读数、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)及脉压(PP),然后按AASI=1-DBP对SBP的回归斜率计算每个个体的AASI值.结果 AASI随年龄的增大而增大.在正常人中,AASI的第95百分位数是0.56,其95%预测区间的上界在20～39岁时为0.49,40～59岁时为0.59,60～79岁时为0.69,≥80岁时为0.79.AASI与24 h PP呈正相关(r=0.497,P＜0.01).在正常人中,AASI随年龄的增长呈直线增加,而24 h PP随年龄增长呈曲线增加.结论 AASI作为反映血压关系的指标,其在正常人中表现为随年龄增大而增大的变化规律;与传统指标24 h PP相关,提示可作为预测动脉僵硬程度的新指标.     

高血压患者动态动脉僵硬指数与血压变异性的关系

目的探讨高血压患者动态动脉僵硬指数(AASI)与血压变异性(BPV)的关系。方法入选2009-03-2011-10中国医科大学附属第一医院就诊的高血压患者119例,所有患者均行24h动态血压监测。AASI定义为1减去24h舒张压和收缩压的回归系数。依据AASI水平,分为4组:AASI<0.30、0.30～<0.41、0.41～<0.52、≥0.52。结果相关性分析显示,AASI分别与年龄(r=0.301,P<0.01)、24h收缩压(r=0.276,P=0.001)、白昼收缩压(r=0.225,P=0.008)、夜间收缩压(r=0.366,P<0.01)、24h脉压(r=0.510,P<0.01)、24h收缩压标准差(r=0.297,P=0.001)呈正相关,而与24h舒张压标准差(r=-0.256,P=0.002)、24h平均心率标准差(r=-0.205,P=0.017)及24h平均动脉压标准差(r=-0.202,P=0.017)呈负相关。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,AASI与24h脉压和24h收缩压标准差呈正相关(β=0.321,β=0.725,均P<0.01),与24h舒张压标准差和24h平均动脉压标准差呈负相关(β=-0.428,β=-0.346,均P<0.01)。结论 AASI与BPV密切相关。     

Blood pressure variability and arterial stiffness

Blood pressure variability (BPV) is defined by the standard deviation of a given sample of population of normotensive or hypertensive subjects. Recent studies have suggested that this parameter might constitute a cardiovascular risk factor. Reduction of blood pressure variability could be an important purpose of anti-hypertensive treatment, as suggested from experimental studies. In a double-blind controlled investigation, the thiazide compound indapamide was compared to placebo, to the angiotensin blocker candesartan and to the calcium-entry blocker amlodipine for 12 weeks treatment. The 3 drugs reduced significantly and identically blood pressure. Only indapamide and amlodipine reduced significantly BPV. This study was the first to demonstrate the interest of BPV in the setting of a double-blind, placebo controlled, trial.     

Impact of cocoa flavanol intake on age-dependent vascular stiffness in healthy men: a randomized,controlled, double-masked trial

Increased vascular stiffness, endothelial dysfunction, and isolated systolic hypertension are hallmarks of vascular aging. Regular cocoa flavanol (CF) intake can improve vascular function in healthy young and elderly at-risk individuals. However, the mechanisms underlying CF bioactivity remain largely unknown. We investigated the effects of CF intake on cardiovascular function in healthy young and elderly individuals without history, signs, or symptoms of cardiovascular disease by applying particular focus on functional endpoints relevant to cardiovascular aging. In a randomized, controlled, double-masked, parallel-group dietary intervention trial, 22 young (<35 years) and 20 elderly (50–80 year) healthy, male non-smokers consumed either a CF-containing drink (450 mg CF) or nutrient-matched, CF-free control drink bi-daily for 14 days. The primary endpoint was endothelial function as measured by flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). Secondary endpoints included cardiac output, vascular stiffness, conductance of conduit and resistance arteries, and perfusion in the microcirculation. Following 2 weeks of CF intake, FMD improved in young (6.1 ± 0.7 vs. 7.6 ± 0.7 %, p < 0.001) and elderly (4.9 ± 0.6 vs. 6.3 ± 0.9 %, p < 0.001). Secondary outcomes demonstrated in both groups that CF intake decreased pulse wave velocity and lowered total peripheral resistance, and increased arteriolar and microvascular vasodilator capacity, red cell deformability, and diastolic blood pressure, while cardiac output remained affected. In the elderly, baseline systolic blood pressure was elevated, driven by an arterial-stiffness-related augmentation. CF intake decreased aortic augmentation index (−9 %) and thus systolic blood pressure (−7 mmHg; Clinicaltrials.gov: {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT01639781","term_id":"NCT01639781"}}NCT01639781). CF intake reverses age-related burden of cardiovascular risk in healthy elderly, highlighting the potential of dietary flavanols to maintain cardiovascular health.     

Evaluation of different metrics as an index for the assessment of arterial stiffness

Elevated intravascular pressure is a contributing factor to increased arterial stiffness, and is a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Assessment of arterial stiffness is of importance in evaluating cardiovascular risk. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been broadly used in the assessment of arterial stiffness. We compared three different metrics of arterial stiffness to PWV. Hemodynamic recordings were carried out in anesthetized hypertensive and normotensive rats (n = 25; 13–14 weeks old). Four parameters were calculated (PWV, elastic modulus (E_inc), stiffness index (β), and pressure-strain modulus (E_p)) as metrics of arterial stiffness. Hypertensive in comparison to normotensive rats had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Metric for arterial stiffness were significantly (p < 0.002) higher in hypertensive animals: PWV (8.46 ± 2.01 vs. 6.39 ± 1.28 m/s), E_p (0.246 ± 0.019 vs. 0.137 ± 0.010 dyn/cm² × 10^–6), E_inc (17.5 ± 1.8 vs. 10.1 ± 0.9 dyn/cm² × 10^–6), and β (2.43 ± 0.11 vs. 1.98 ± 0.08) (mean±SE). Bland-Altman analysis revealed β as the only metric aligned with PWV in hypertensive state. We find in state of reduced arterial compliance associated with high systemic pressure, β but not E_inc or E_p is an index of arterial stiffness showing agreement with PWV.     

肥胖伴隐性高血压患者动态动脉硬化指数分析

目的：探讨肥胖患者隐性高血压（MH）与动态动脉硬化指数（AASI）的关系。方法：选择诊所血压（CBP）正常的肥胖患者67例和体重正常的健康体检者29例作为正常对照组,均行24h动态血压检查（ABPM）,按日间血压检测结果,肥胖患者被分为肥胖伴MH（诊所血压正常,动态血压高于正常值）组（MH组,28例）和单纯肥胖组（肥胖组,39例）;并根据ABPM结果计算AASI。结果：ABPM：与正常对照组和肥胖组比较,MH组的24h平均收缩压[（118．8±9．5）mmHg,（120．3±9．2）mmHg比（130．3±10.2）mmHg]、24h舒张压[（75．1±6．3）mmHg,（75．4±7．1）mmHg比（84．4±7．3）mmHg]、日平均收缩压[（121．8±8．6）mmHg,（125．3±8．9）mmHg比（145．6±10．1）mmHg]、日平均舒张压[（77．7±6．5）mmHg,（78．6±6．3）mmHg比（93．5±8．2）mmHg]均明显升高（P〈0．01）;MH组的AASI亦明显升高[（0．42±0．08）,（0．44±0．11）比（0．56±0．12）,P均〈0．01]。结论：肥胖伴隐性高血压患者的动态动脉硬化指数显著高于单纯肥胖者及健康者,提示肥胖伴隐性高血压患者的动脉弹性功能降低。     

血压、脉压水平及高血压病程对高血压患者动脉僵硬度的影响

目的探讨血压、脉压水平及高血压病程对高血压患者动脉僵硬度的影响。方法从上海市宝山区6家社区卫生中心及本院入选1026例高血压患者,收集相关病史信息,检测其颈-股动脉(C-F)、颈-桡动脉(C-R)、颈-足背动脉(C-D)脉搏波传导速度(PWV),672例患者在随访1年后复测PWV。从血压、脉压、高血压病程3者的不同水平进行分组比较及随访前后对照分析。结果 (1)1、2、3级高血压患者的C-FPWV随血压水平的增高而增快,分别为(12.61±2.76)m/s,(14.35±3.41)m/s,(15.50±2.93)m/s(均为P<0.01)。1级高血压组较2级、3级高血压组C-FPWV差异有统计学意义(均为P<0.01)。(2)随访前后C-FPWV在1级和2级高血压组分别为(12.73±2.91)m/s和(13.39±3.25)m/s,(13.96±3.07)m/s和(14.75±4.10)m/s,差异有统计学意义,而在3级高血压组差异无统计学意义。(3)脉压<40 mm Hg,40～60 mm Hg,≥60 mm Hg 3组C-FPWV随脉压的增大而增快,分别为(11.95±2.60)m/s,(12.94±2.85)m/s,(14.89±3.22)m/s(均为P<0.01)。随访1年后3组的C-FPWV分别较前增快0.70 m/s,0.65 m/s,0.85 m/s,差异均有统计学意义。(4)高血压病程<5年、5～10年、≥10年3组C-FPWV分别为(12.77±2.75)m/s,(12.85±3.07)m/s,(13.76±3.05)m/s,3组比较差异有统计学意义(均为P<0.01),病程越长,C-FPWV越快。结论(1)C-FPWV较C-RPWV、C-DPWV更能反映动脉僵硬度的变化。(2)C-FPWV随血压、脉压水平的增高及高血压病程的延长而增快,3者均为动脉僵硬度的重要影响因素。     

Arterial stiffness index as a screening test for cardiovascular risk: a comparative study between coronary artery calcification determined by electron beam tomography and arterial stiffness index determined by a VitalVision device in asymptomatic subjects

BACKGROUND: Arterial stiffness has recently been proposed as a powerful independent predictor of cardiovascular disease. However, the influence of arterial stiffening on the interaction between the heart and large vessels and atherosclerosis is not well defined. The arterial stiffness index (ASI) has recently been determined with a new device (VitalVision) that calculates ASI in the upper arm using computerized oscillometry. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a useful surrogate marker of coronary artery disease detected non-invasively by electron beam tomography (EBT). We investigated the correlation between ASI and CAC in a group of patients. METHODS: CAC and ASI measurements were determined with EBT and a VitalVision device, respectively, on the same day in 97 asymptomatic patients. Patients with calcium scores above 0 were classified as CAC+ and those with calcium scores equal to 0 were classified as CAC-. The ASI index was divided into three groups - mild, moderate, and high - according to the H-value, provided by the VitalVision device. RESULTS: In patients below 51 years of age, no correlation between the ASI and CAC was found. In patients over 50 years of age, a moderate positive and significant correlation was found between the CAC score and ASI measurements (r=0.40, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a correlation between the CAC and ASI in patients over 50 shows that the ASI can be used to investigate atherosclerotic risk.