护理人员乳房自检实施及宣教情况的调查

目的了解护理人员乳房自检相关知识的掌握和实施情况,以及对周围人群的宣教情况。方法采用自制问卷对某医院140名护士进行调查,主要包括一般情况、乳房自我检查的相关知识、乳房自检的实施情况及对周围人群进行乳房自检相关知识的宣教情况。结果（1）被调查护士对乳房自检知识的平均掌握程度为59.1%;（2）51.4%的护士知道5个以上的乳腺癌高危因素;（3）50.7%的护士知道乳腺自检的频率和时间,36.4%的护士知道望诊的3~4个步骤,88.6%和61.4%的护士知道触诊手法和按压顺序;（4）仅5.7%的护士每月规律自检;（5）50%的护士曾接受过他人咨询,其中47.1%未给予咨询者指导。结论应加强护理人员乳房自检相关知识的培训,重点是乳腺癌高危因素、乳房自检频率和望诊方法等;同时,作为妇女健康的教育者和咨询者,护理人员应加强责任心,做好对周围人群乳房自检的宣传普及工作,积极维护自身及广大妇女的身心健康。     

女性乳房自我检查情况调查

目的 调查女性乳房自检情况及影响因素。对唐山市20岁以上的非乳腺癌患者、非医务工作者的知识女性、普通女工、农村妇女963名。方法 采用分层抽样,利用自行设计的问卷进行资料收集,原始数据用SPSS统计软件进行录入与分析,立要的统计方法为一般性描述、X~2检验。结果 只有7.79％的妇女经常定期做乳房自检,61.79％的妇女不做;不做的主要原因是不知道怎么做及不知道需要做;知识女性做乳房自检的比例高于普通女工和农村妇女。结论 妇女做乳房自检情况与其对乳腺癌的相关知识的了解程度呈正相关;妇女对乳房自检的重要性的认识急待提高,且应掌握乳房自检的正确方法。     

Factors Affecting Women to Practise Breast Self-examination

The aim of the study was to identify factors of decisive importance for women's motivation to perform breast self-examination (BSE), which could form the basis of an intervention programme. Interviews were conducted in 1994 with 48 women focusing on four different areas: 1) why the women examined/did not examine their breasts, 2) the influence of their upbringing, 3) information or education previously received about the method of examination, and 4) other types of self-care. The findings were summarized under the following categories: feelings, experiences, and lifestyle. Anxiety/fear of discovering a lump and faith/trust in one's own ability to perform the examination were dominating factors influencing the practice or non-practice of BSE. However, there was a general need for knowledge, theoretical as well as practical, among the women studied. They also needed help to identify a strategy to enable them to remember to perform the examination. In order to make BSE a habit, education about BSE ought to be provided to girls at school. The important role of nurses in teaching women to examine their breasts themselves and in reminding them to perform the examination was emphasized.     

乳房自查对早期发现乳腺癌的作用

乳房自查对早期发现乳腺癌的作用ＥｆｅｃｔｏｆＳｅｌｆ－ｅｘａｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆＢｒｅａｓｔｏｎｔｈｅＥａｒｌｙＤｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｙｏｆＢｒｅａｓｔＣａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ王世萍ＷａｎｇＳｈｉｐｉｎｇ（ＦｉｒｓｔＡｆｉｌｉａｔｅｄＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌｏｆＨｕａ...     

自考生临床教学的组织与实施

为了提高护理人员的文化素质和专业水平 ,适应新护理模式的要求 ,越来越多的中专护士在毕业后参加了多种形式及多种渠道的成人高等护理教育自学考试的学习。北京地区的考生通过全部理论课以后 ,还要经过 3个月的临床实习。实习是护理教育的重要教学阶段 ,是培养护士综合能力的关键环节 ,是实现知识向能力转化必不可少的过程[1] 。现将 1992年以来 ,带教成人高等教育自学考试的 (自考生 )临床实习体会报告如下。1　方法1.1　教学准备工作 :1.1.1　课程准备 :在学生进科之前 ,根据学生实习的目标和内容 ,有计划地准备教学课程 ,包括护理操作、…     

Handling Antineoplastic Agents: Urine Mutagenicity in Nurses

Recent investigations have suggested that handling antineoplastic agents may be associated with potential health hazards. Interviews and urine samples were collected from 59 exposed nurses and 64 nonexposed nurses. Urine assays were compared from exposed and nonexposed nurses after working usually 3 to 5 working days, and a period of nonexposure. Demographic characteristics, occupational history, health status, medications, pregnancy history, smoking history, use of protective work practices and number, type and duration of exposures to antineoplastic agents were collected. The results showed that nurses exposed to antineoplastic agents at work were significantly more likely to have urinary mutagenicity, as compared to nonexposed nurses. Those at greatest risk were nurses working in private oncology practices and clinics. A significantly higher proportion of untoward pregnancy outcomes occurred in pregnancies with exposure to antineoplastic agents.     

Nurse Educators as Agents of Change in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

The coronavirus pandemic caused a rapid and seismic shift in the provision of nursing education. In this commentary, I provide examples of how faculty and students at my university made the shift and what we have learned from the experience thus far.     

Anatomy of Change: The Need for Effective Disability Policy Change Agents

Silverstein R. Anatomy of change: the need for effective disability policy change agents.The 2009 Coulter Lecture highlights the need for effective disability policy change agents to advocate for health care policy and research that focuses on optimizing the health and function of individuals with disabilities and chronic conditions-not only on their full restoration/cure. The lecture describes the “grotesque” historical treatment of persons with disabilities under the old policy framework, the treatment of people with disabilities under the new/emerging disability policy framework, and the critical role played by coalitions in bringing about progressive, sustainable change on behalf of individuals with disabilities.     

Hemostatic Agents: A Guide to Safe Practice for Perioperative Nurses

Perioperative hemostasis, the effective management of bleeding during operative and other invasive procedures, can involve the use of blood, blood products, and hemostatic agents to augment the patient’s natural clotting abilities. Currently, more than 50 hemostatic products are available in the marketplace and dozens more are in development. It is important for perioperative nurses to understand each of the hemostatic agent categories and their actions, properties, applications, and limitations. This article provides an overview of the normal coagulation process (ie, clotting cascade) that is activated by the body when there is a bleeding episode; the management of blood products and the rationale for reducing their use; the financial implications of hemostatic agent use; and how these agents are used, their clinical indications, and potential complications from their use.