管状胃与全胃相比较行消化道重建的Meta分析

背景：近10年来国内外学者提出了管状胃替代食管行消化道重建的方法,然而其术后并发症的发生率却一直存在争议。 目的：评价食管癌根治术中管状胃代全胃行消化道重建的临床疗效。 方法：计算机检索PubMed、OVID、CNKI、EBSCO、Science online、万方、超星数字图书馆、中国生物医学文献数据库(CMB)、以及百度和Google搜索引擎,关于食管癌根治术中以管状胃行消化道重建的临床RCT,由两名研究者严格按照纳入标准进行文献筛选,依据Cochrane协助网提供的标准评价文献质量及偏倚风险,采用GRADEprofiler 3.6.1软件评价文献的质量等级,采用Revman5.3软件对数据进行管理和统计分析。 结果与结论：共纳入12篇文献共4 137例患者,合并效应量结果表明管状胃组与全胃组相比较,吻合口瘘发生率、吻合口狭窄发生率两组差异无显著性意义,反流性食管炎发生率及胸胃综合征发生率管状胃组显著少于全胃组。结果表明,管状胃代全胃在食管癌根治术中行消化道重建是一种安全、有效的方法。但是由于纳入的文献仅为英文和中文文献,存在发表偏倚,个别文献样本量较小,尚需大样本高质量的临床RCT试验进一步验证。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程全文链接：     

管状胃在食管癌手术中的临床应用研究

目的：探讨管状胃在食管癌手术中的临床应用价值。方法：采用管状胃替代食管治疗食管癌89例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,探讨该术式在预防术后并发症方面的优势。结果：本组89例,随访时间1—23个月,平均13．3个月。术后发生吻合口狭窄1例,乳糜胸1例,切口感染2例。无吻合口瘘发生,无胸胃综合征,无返流性食管炎。术后22个月1例患者出现颈部淋巴结转移,无移植胃肿瘤复发,无死亡病例。结论：管状胃在食管癌手术中重建上消化道,更符合生理解剖的要求,可提高肿瘤切除率,使术后吻合口瘘的发生率明显降低,减少术后胸胃综合征、返流性食管炎等远期并发症的发生,改善患者术后生活质量。     

胃部分切除术后食管癌的外科治疗

目的 探讨胃部分切除术后食管癌的手术方式及经验,方法 ８例胃大部切除术后食管癌行手术切除,选用３种不同的术式进行消化道重建。行右胸,上腹正中及左颈三口结肠代食管４例。在后外侧切口残胃脾胰尾移入胸腔,主动脉弓下食管残胃底端侧吻合２例,左后外侧切口食管下段残胃切除,食管空肠Ｒｏｕｘ－Ｙ吻合２例。结果 全组无手术死亡。     

带蒂回盲肠间置代胃在贲门癌手术中的临床应用

目的：探讨带蒂回盲肠间置代胃在贲门癌手术中的临床应用价值。方法：在11例贲门癌手术中施行带蒂回盲肠间置代胃重建胃肠道，术后对病人行上消化道钡餐造影检查胃排空功能并随访。结果：带蒂回盲肠间置代胃具有贮存食物、良好的排空及抗返流功能，病人术后生存质量满意。结论：带蒂回盲肠间置代胃术是贲门癌在行远端食管及近端胃次全切除术后胃肠道重建较为理想的术式之一。     

管状胃宽度与食管癌术后抗胃食管反流的相关性研究

目的分析管状胃宽度与食管癌术后抗胃食管反流的相关性,为临床食管癌患者手术方式的选择提供参考。方法选择2015年1月至10月在我院接受食管癌根治术联合管状胃重建胃食管治疗的60例患者,根据术中管状胃的吻合途径(颈部吻合、胸腔吻合)及管状胃不同宽度(≥3 cm、3 cm)进行分组,分别为:颈部吻合+≥3 cm组(14例)、颈部吻合+3 cm组(15例)、胸腔吻合+≥3 cm组(15例)与胸腔吻合+3 cm组(16例)。所有患者均于术后第11天开始行24 h食管p H监测,连续监测3 d,指标包括:反流次数、p H4的累积时间,收集患者术后出现临床症状(烧心、胸痛、咽部异物感、咳嗽、哮喘等)的次数及出现临床症状的时间,所有患者均于术后第14天行内镜检查,观察患者食管黏膜并进行病理组织学胃黏膜炎症分级。将所有出现反流症状患者的管状胃宽度和食管黏膜炎症分级进行相关性分析。结果 4组患者出现反流症状的次数、反流临床症状发生率、p H4的累积时间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);颈部吻合+3 cm组患者出现反流症状的次数、p H4的累积时间、患者反流临床症状发生率均明显低于其他3组(P0.05),不同组间内镜下食管黏膜病理组织学炎症分级差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),颈部吻合+3 cm组患者食管黏膜炎症分级最轻。出现反流症状患者的管状胃宽度和食管黏膜炎症分级呈线性相关,管状胃宽度增加,食管黏膜炎症分级越严重,反流症状的次数、p H4的累积时间越高。结论食管癌术后采用管状胃重建胃食管,胃食管的宽度对患者术后出现胃食管反流密切相关,术中因为患者个体原因无法将管状胃宽度控制到合适范围时,应加强患者反流相关指标监测,便于及早采取措施防治胃食管反流,提高患者预后质量。     

管状胃重建消化道在食管癌切除术中应用的研究进展

食管癌术后管状胃得到了广泛的应用,已逐渐取代传统的食管胃吻合术,管状胃的优势较为明显,其并发症、近期疗效及远期生活质量均优于其他食管重建方法。虽然"管状胃代替食管重建消化道"已成为食管外科领域专家的共识,但仍有许多细节和问题值得进一步研究和完善,如管状胃制作宽度、引发吻合口瘘问题,是否可以提高患者远期生存率等。本文就管状胃重建消化道在食管癌切除术中的研究进展对管状胃的制作、在各个方面的优点、存在的问题及未来的前景进行综述总结,希望对管状胃重建消化道提供一定的理论基础。     

胃大部切除术后食管癌的外科治疗

目的探讨胃大部切除术后食管癌的外科治疗方法和效果。方法回顾性分析5例胃大部切除术后食管癌经结肠代食管重建消化道治疗的临床病例资料,比较分析几种消化道重建术式的优缺点。结果全组3例痊愈,1例进食后上腹部不适,1例吻合口瘘及胸腔感染死亡。结论胃大部切除术后食管癌选择外科手术方式应因人而异,结肠代食管术是较适宜的、可操作的手术,但肠道准备是手术成败的关键。     

食管癌切除食管胃端端分层吻合35例疗效分析

目的探讨食管癌切除食管胃端端分层吻合的手术疗效。方法选择眉山市人民医院2016年1月至2017年2月接受食管癌切除食管胃端端分层吻合术的35例食管癌患者作为观察组(端端组),将同期接受食管癌切除食管胃端侧分层吻合术的21例食管癌患者作为对照组(端侧组)。比较2组患者手术吻合时间、吻合口的张力大小、受压迫程度及吻合口瘘发生率,比较反酸、嗳气及进食梗阻发生率。结果端端组平均吻合时间(25.17±5.15)min,端侧组平均吻合时间(26.10±5.30)min,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。端端组吻合口张力比端侧组小,且不受压迫而偏曲。端端组无吻合口瘘,端侧组有2例(9.52%)吻合口瘘,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。进流食端端组患者无梗阻感,端侧组4例(19.05%)出现梗阻感,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.016)。围手术期及术后6个月内,反酸、嗳气发生率组间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后6个月2组均无迟发吻合口瘘及需要扩张的吻合口狭窄。结论食管癌切除食管胃端端分层吻合因不需在管胃上另做切口,可避免管胃盲端挤压吻合口引起更多的不良反应。     

糖尿病胃轻瘫的超声临床研究

目的探讨Ⅱ型糖尿病患者胃液体半排空功能的改变,以利于糖尿病性胃轻瘫的诊断和治疗.方法应用B超检测20例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者及22例健康人的胃半排空时间,对比观察.结果Ⅱ型糖尿病患者组胃液体半排空时间(T/2)为(28±8.94)min,健康对照组胃液体半排空时间为(14.8±4.35)min,二者之间差异非常显著,P＜0.001.结论糖尿病患者有明显胃排空功能障碍,B超可以准确有效地检测糖尿病性胃轻瘫及观察胃肠动力药对胃排空功能障碍的改善.     

胃手术残胃排空障碍诊治体会

胃手术后残胃排空障碍称胃术后功能性排空障碍，曾又称残胃排空延迟症，功能性残胃无张力症、输出袢综合症等，均指不伴有吻合口或输出端空肠袢等机械性梗阻因素的残胃无力排空障碍，是胃术后常见的近期并发症之一，近年来已被人们所认识，但仍有误诊误治者，而遭受手术，使病情加重，我院几年来共发生16例，占胃大部切除的3．6％，现报告如下。     

Topical organization of the projections of neurons of the substantia nigra and the ventral field of the tegmentum of the midbrain to the head of the caudate nucleus of the cat

Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology -     

Asymmetry of the internal connections of the striate cortex of the cat in the projection zone of the center of the field of vision

Studies were carried out on the organization of the internal connections of the striate cortex in cats in the projection zone of the center (0–5°) of the field of vision by microintophoretic application of horseradish peroxidase to electrophysiologically identified orientational columns. The area containing neurons showing retrograde labeling in most cases extended in the mediolateral direction. Labeled cells were located in the upper (II, III) and lower (V, VI) layers of the cortex, and the shapes and orientations of the areas containing labeled neurons in these layers coincided. Spatial asymmetry was detected in the distribution of labeled neurons relative to the orientational column studied. Labeled cells were located predominantly medial to the columns, regardless of the distance from the projection of the area centralis. Considering the visuotopical map of field 17, the asymmetry detected here provides evidence that neurons in orientational columns have more extensive connections with neurons of the peripheral part of the cortex. An asymmetrical distribution of “silent” zones around the receptive fields of neurons in orientational columns is suggested, and that these appear to receive influences from the periphery of the visual field. Laboratory of Visual Physiology and Laboratory of Central Nervous System Morphology, I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarov Bank, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 82, No. 12, pp. 23–29, December, 1996.     

Characteristics of the topographic interrelation of the head of the pancreas and the duodenum and pathology of the organs of the pancreatoduodenal area

Seventy pancreatoduodenal complexes of 55 patients with chronic pancreatitis and tumours of this zone and 15 patients died from other diseases are studies histotopographically . The pieces of the pancreatic head tissue in the medial wall of the duodenum were found in 12 cases of the first group and in 4 control cases. The pancreatic tissue consisted either of all elements of this organ or cystically dilated ducts and seemed to infiltrate different layers of the duodenum wall. Three variants of the pancreatic head structure are suggested on the basis of anatomo-topographical interrelationships of the pancreatic head and duodenum. In 12 out of 14 cases chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of organs of this zone were combined with the variants of the pancreatic head structure, in 2 cases there was a true heterotopy . Pathogenetic significance of these variants for the development of chronic pancreatitis is discussed.     

Influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitude of the synaptic reactions of the snail under voltage clamping conditions

The influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitudes of summary excitatory postsynaptic currents arising in identified giant parietal neurons in response to rhythmic stimulation of the intestinal nerve was investigated in a preparation of the isolated CNS of the common snail in order to identify the possibility of the participation of the postsynaptic element in synaptic plasticity. It was demonstrated that, at a greater value of the transmembrane potential, the decrease in the amplitudes of the postsynaptic currents which have been induced by rhythmic stimulation takes place more rapidly. It was also demonstrated that at a higher frequency of stimulation of the nerve, the effect of the influence of the membrane potential level on the dynamics of the synaptic reactions is more prominent. The data obtained may be regarded as an argument in favor of the possibility of the participation of the post-synapse in plasticity. This study was partially supported by the Russian Basic Research Fund (project No. 94-04-12209). Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti imeni I. P. Pavlova, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 171–179, January–February, 1995.     

Effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on the behavior of the rat.

The effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on behavior of the rat has been studied. Results may be summarized as follows. An increase in the exploratory behavior in the open field which decreases rapidly; a decrease in the number of defecations in this test and a decrease in time leaving a dark environment for exploration. In the shuttle box test, no facilitation of the acquisition, but a permanent and quite significant increase in the intertrial activity has been found. We conclude that the lesions tend to decrease the emotivity of the subjects. An interpretation on the basis of the species -- specific defensive reactions explains the transitory and permanent effects of the lesions on the spontaneous activity.     

Effect of the conditions of adaptation of the optic analyzer to the function of the thermoreceptors of the human skin

Summary A discussion is presented of the effect produced by light stimulation applied to the optic analyzer alone on the function of the temperature analyzer. The cutaneous-temperature analyzer was kept on constant illumination and temperature. The light effects from the retinal photoreceptors on the cutaneous thermoceptor system led to reflex changes of the functional rate of the latter. Conditions of the optic analyzer of light adaptation caused reflex adjustment of cold receptors as to heating. Dark adaptation of the eyes changed the functional state of the cold receptors, corresponding to their adjustment to low temperatures.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 3–6, March, 1964