颌面部骨组织战伤的早期救治

颌面部处于暴露部位,在高爆武器普遍使用的现代战争中,致伤机会较多。据近代几次战争的统计,第一次世界大战,法国和俄国的颌面战伤占全身伤的4.6％;第二次世界大战期间,苏联的颌面战伤占3.4％;在抗美援朝中,我军的一组资料中报道颌面战     

膀胱火器伤17例报告

据Kimbrugh氏报告,第二次世界大战中,膀胱火器伤仅为泌尿生殖系战伤的14.5％;中越边境自卫反击战中,膀胱火器伤占泌尿系战伤的31％。膀胱火器伤损伤范围广,污染严重,多发伤及复合伤多,使治疗更加复杂。我院从1976年至1985年共收治膀胱火器伤17例,占同期泌尿系火器伤的34％。 临床资料 均为男性。年龄:17～23岁,其中弹片伤8例,子弹伤9例。膀胱贯通伤10例,盲管伤     

颌面部严重创伤的早期一次性清创术

颌面部严重创伤的早期一次性清创往往就是最后一次清创,失去早期清创的良机或清创不彻底会给伤员带来永久性痛苦.本文对我科1980～1990年平战期间入院、有治疗记载的253例伤员早期处理加以讨论.临床资料本组中火器伤59例,非火器伤194例;其中男性225例,女性28例.发生在15～40岁之间者208例,软组织伤56例;以唇、颧面、颊部、颈部最多见.颌面部骨组织伤者197例,其中上颌骨36例、下颌骨95例,其中6例有骨缺损.颧骨、颧弓骨折52例,眶骨骨折10例,鼻骨4例,颌骨损伤并软组织伤者142例;其中合并颅脑伤53例.收入我科者多为轻、中型、合并大血管损伤4例,伴有全身多处伤者74例.     

口腔颌面部损伤伴颅脑伤的急救与护理

口腔颌面部是人体暴露部位,由于解剖结构的特殊性,外伤时常伴有颅脑伤,一旦发生颌面部外伤应立即进行急救处理,否则,轻则引起面部畸形、语言、咀嚼等功能障碍;重则危及生命( 1) 。现介绍2 0 0 2年6月～2 0 0 3年5月我科共收治2 1例口腔颌面伤并发颅脑伤的急救与护理。1　临床资料2 1例中,男性18例,女性3例,年龄17～5 0岁,平均33.5岁,其中单纯软组织伤合并颅脑伤7例,复发伤合并颅脑伤14例。损伤原因:交通事故伤13例,高空坠落伤2例,重物砸伤2例,牛撞伤1例,火器伤1例,钝器伤2例。颅脑伤类型:颅内血肿6例,占2 9% ;脑震荡11例,占5 2 % ;脑挫伤4例…     

口腔颌面战伤流行状况与分类救治研究进展

口腔颌面部为人体表面裸露部分,在战斗中极易遭受创伤。随着高爆碎片炸弹、地雷、炮弹和导弹的普遍使用,颌面部的弹片伤已显著多于枪弹伤。在近几十年局部战争中,颌面战伤发生率显著上升,部分地区甚至已达20％。早期：及时正确处理颌面战伤对我军战时卫勤保障具有重要意义,因此,我军需要收集历次战争口腔颌面创伤资料,分析口腔颌面战伤流行规律,以采取合理的专科救治方案,正确制定卫生勤务计划,总结卫生勤务保障经验,改进卫生勤务工作,从而保持我军战斗力。     

亚热带山岳丛林眼战伤诊治的回顾与思考

目的 探索亚热带山岳丛林地区眼战伤的特点及规律,提高未来战争中眼战伤的救治成功率,减少伤残率. 方法 回顾分析1979年及1984年两次云南方向对越自卫还击作战期间解放军第五十九中心医院眼战伤的资料,总结其特点. 结果 (1)单眼伤占81.7%,双眼伤占18.2%,左右眼无明显差异;(2)致伤因素以弹片伤为主,占82.2%;(3)眼战伤合并全身各部位伤高达75.6%;(4)眼球伤最多,其中开放性眼外伤占45.1%. 结论及时正确的专科处置可以有效地降低眼战伤的致旨率.     

70例口腔颌面外伤患者的护理体会

口腔颌面部是人体的暴露部位,极易受伤,平时多因工伤、运动损伤、交通事故和生活中的意外伤害所致,战争时期则以火器伤为主,随着汽车和交通事业的飞速发展,交通事故伤已成为平时颌面伤的主要原因,约占30%～40%.     

火器伤并体内金属异物369例临床X线分析

火器伤致体内异物存留是战伤X线检查中最常见的X纷表现之一。我们在369例火器伤X线诊断中发现:异物体积趋于变小,伤部异物数量趋于密集,并发症亦相应提高。现就其X线诊断特征与临床并发症的关系分析报道如下。 资料和方法 一、资料 369例火器伤系我院收治的前线后转伤员,均经摄片确诊,有完整的X线诊断资料。伤员全部为男性,平均年龄22.3岁,其中头颅伤32例,颌面伤31例,颈部     

口腔颌面颈火器伤16例救治体会

1992～ 1 999年 ,我院救治口腔颌面颈火器伤 1 6例 ,效果较好。1　临床资料1 1　一般情况　本组男 1 4例 ,女 2例 ;年龄 1 8～ 4 8岁 ,平均 32岁。均为近距离枪弹伤。1 2　伤类　颌面部损伤 4例 ,颈部损伤 4例 ,两者兼有 8例 ;软组织损伤伴上颌骨、颧骨、鼻骨骨折 6例 ,伴下颌骨骨折 5例 ,伴上下颌骨、颧骨、鼻骨和颈椎体骨折 3例 ,伴颈内、颌内动脉损伤各 1例。1 3　治疗与结果　经手术及综合治疗 ,1 6例均痊愈 ,无颌面部严重畸形或功能障碍。2　讨　论2 1　伤情特点　由于弹头产生瞬间空腔脉动 (压缩、牵拉和撕扯 )效应和压力波的远达…     

腮腺火器伤33例

现代战争中颌面火器伤高达10%。笔者在一线医院抢救颌面火器伤145例,其中腮腺伤33例(22.8%),分析如下。1　临床资料33例均为男性,年龄18～21岁。均为地雷或炮弹炸伤,其中贯通伤9例,盲管伤19例,切线伤5例。合并下颌骨骨折6例,颧骨骨折2例,颅底骨折和脑挫裂伤各1例,与口腔贯通伤4例,面颊组织部分缺损3例。腮腺导管断裂2例,无面神经主支损伤。伤后彻底清创缝合,放置引流加压包扎。经临床观察和2个月后到后方医院随访,发生外耳道涎瘘3例,颜面涎瘘2例,面瘫5例,面部及下颌麻木4例,经对症处理后完全恢复正常。遗留面颊瘢痕2例。2　讨　论腮腺区伤口…     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.