股腘动脉闭塞的外科治疗

股腘动脉段是下肢缺血最常累及的部位.针对股腘动脉闭塞的治疗,以往主要以旁路手术为主,近些年来,随着介入技术及材料的日益发展,旁路手术已逐渐被创伤较小的腔内介入取代,且多数随机对照试验证实,两者在远期通畅率及生存率方面无显著差别.在临床实践中,应根据具体的病变特点及预期生存时间选择个性化的治疗方案.     

股腘动脉闭塞腔内成形术与旁路转流术的临床疗效对比分析

目的探讨股腘动脉闭塞行腔内治疗和旁路转流术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2008年1月至2011年12月本院收治的60例(67条肢体)股腘动脉闭塞(TASCⅡC/D型)患者的临床资料,其中腔内治疗41例(47条肢体,腔内治疗组),旁路转流术19例(20条肢体,旁路转流术组),比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后恢复行走时间、踝肱指数(ABI)及随访1~4年的通畅率及保肢率。结果腔内治疗组术中出血量、手术时间及术后恢复行走时间明显少于旁路转流术组(P0.01);两组术后ABI及技术成功率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后6~12个月的随访,腔内治疗组一期通畅率与旁路转流术组的通畅率比较,差异无统计学意义(43.6%vs 50.0%,P0.05);术后18~48个月的随访,腔内治疗组二期通畅率及保肢率高于旁路转流术组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(79.5%vs 50.0%,P0.05)。结论腔内治疗与旁路转流术治疗TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞患者在短期内均能取得满意临床疗效及较好通畅率;但腔内治疗有着微创、术后恢复快等优点,且具有可重复操作性,有助于提高患肢远期血管通畅率。     

Rotarex减容联合药物涂层球囊治疗股腘动脉支架内再闭塞的疗效观察

目的 评估Rotarex减容联合药物涂层球囊治疗股腘动脉支架内再闭塞(in-stent occlusion, ISO)的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2018年9月至2021年1月我院收治的12例股腘动脉ISO患者的临床资料,均行Rotarex减容联合药物涂层球囊治疗。术后3、6、12个月使用多普勒超声检查随访。结果 本组患者病变长度为80～170 mm,平均(118.58±25.27)mm,单纯股浅动脉ISO 8例,合并腘动脉病变4例。12例患者均成功完成治疗,术中无动脉破裂穿孔,术后无穿刺点并发症发生,无心脑血管意外及死亡病例。术后患者Rutherford分级下降,ABI由术前0.49±0.12增至术后0.93±0.10,均较术前明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本组患者均完成随访,平均时间(12.08±3.78)个月。超声随访显示,靶血管再通后12个月一期通畅率为84.2%(10/12),12个月免于临床驱动的靶血管再干预率为91.7%(11/12)。1例患者再次出现临床症状并于术后第11个月行DCB处理后症状缓解。随访期间无死亡及截肢事件发生。结论 Rotarex减...     

股腘动脉人工血管搭桥术的手术配合与护理体会

目的:探讨股腘动脉人工血管搭桥术的手术配合与护理体会.方法:分析11例不同程度的股浅动脉闭塞症患者行股腘动脉人工血管搭桥术患者临床资科,总结围手术期护理及手术配合对治疗效果的影响.结果:所有患者手术过程顺利,无术中术后并发症发生.结论:术前充分的手术准备和护理、术中的良好配合与护理,以及术后精心的护理,是手术成功,预防并减少并发症的重要保证.     

腔内治疗TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞合并重度肢体缺血的中期疗效分析

目的 探讨腔内治疗对TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞合并重度肢体缺血患者的中期疗效。方法 收集2017年10月至2019年12月于河北医科大学第一医院接受腔内治疗的60例（62条患肢）TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞合并重度肢体缺血患者的临床资料。观察患者的手术结果、临床成功率、技术成功率、治疗后并发症发生情况、随访情况,以及术后12、24、36个月的免于临床驱动的靶病变血运重建（fCD-TLR）情况、总保肢情况。分析TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞合并重度肢体缺血患者临床特征与fCD-TLR时间、保肢时间的关系。结果 62条TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞合并重度肢体缺血患肢的临床成功率和技术成功率均为98.4%(61/62)。治疗后,支架断裂率为4.8%(3/62),支架内再狭窄或闭塞率为30.6%(19/62)。术后12、24、36个月,62条患肢的fCD-TLR率分别为72.6%(45/62)、54.8%(34/62)、41.9%(26/62),总保肢率分别为77.4%(48/62)、71.0%(44/62)、62.9%(39/62)。有无终末期肾病、是否为复杂病变、靶血管病变长度、T...     

股浅动脉长段硬化性闭塞的腔内治疗

下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症(arteriosclerosis obliterans,ASO)导致慢性下肢缺血,此时股浅动脉常受累,多为长段、多节段和溃疡型斑块性病变[1]。由于血管腔内治疗材料的发展和治疗技术的进步,以及手术微创、术后恢复快、适应证广等特点,腔内治疗股浅动脉长段(>5 cm)硬化性闭塞也越来越受到临床推崇。但由于病变段长及动脉硬化     

股腘动脉闭塞的外科治疗

股[月国]动脉段是下肢缺血最常累及的部位。针对股[月国]动脉闭塞的治疗，以往主要以旁路手术为主，近些年来，随着介入技术及材料的日益发展，旁路手术已逐渐被创伤较小的腔内介入取代，且多数随机对照试验证实，两者在远期通畅率及生存率方面无显著差别。在临床实践中，应根据具体的病变特点及预期生存时间选择个性化的治疗方案。     

导管溶栓技术在股腘动脉闭塞治疗中的应用

目的:探讨导管溶栓(CDT)技术治疗股腘动脉血栓性长段闭塞病变的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性分析2012―2016年采用CDT技术治疗的71例股腘动脉长段闭塞患者临床资料。结果:全组71例均成功行CDT治疗,靶病变长度7~42 cm,平均28.2 cm,持续溶栓时间6~168 h,平均70.6 h。溶栓后血栓完全消失74.6%(53/71),血栓部分消失14.1%(10/71),溶栓无效11.3%(8/71)。全组无严重出血并发症,"垃圾足"发生率为22.5%(16/71),血管入路并发症发生率为8.6%(6/71)。1例术后死于急性心肌梗死,截肢1例。溶栓治疗中有穿刺点出血并发症的患者较无出血并发症的患者血浆纤维蛋白原浓度及血红蛋白浓度下降更明显(均P0.05)。结论:CDT技术能有效清除血栓,是治疗股腘动脉血栓性长段闭塞病变的安全、有效手段。     

AngioJet在慢性股腘动脉长段闭塞病变中的应用初步探索

目的 探讨AngioJet机械血栓抽吸技术腔内治疗慢性股腘动脉长段闭塞病变的有效性及安全性.方法 收集2019年5月至2020年5月河北医科大学第二医院收治的15例慢性股腘动脉长段闭塞病变患者的临床资料.观察全部患者的术中机械血栓抽吸时间、尿激酶使用剂量、腔内介入治疗成功率及围手术期相关并发症的发生情况.比较抽吸前后的...     

腹主动脉瘤开腹手术与腔内治疗的比较

目的：比较腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术与开放手术的疗效。方法：对35例肾下型腹主动脉瘤患者分别进行开放手术（21例）与腔内修复术（14例）治疗,比较两组术前评估、手术、围手术期及术后随访情况。结果：腔内修复组年龄较高（P〈0.05）,手术时间、术中出血量、输血量较开腹手术低（P〈0.01）,所需营养支持、监护、卧床时间短（P〈0.01）,围手术期并发症发生率低（P〈0.05）,但远期并发症发生率较高（P〈0.05）。结论：腹主动脉瘤腔内支架治疗较为安全,创伤更小,患者恢复速度较快,适合于高龄及合并症较多的患者。传统开放手术适于年轻、合并症少及无法行腔内修复术的患者。     

Endovascular treatment of TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus II D femoropopliteal lesions in patients with critical limb ischemia

ObjectiveThe outcomes of endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal atherosclerotic lesions have been improving recently. Although open repair is indicated for class D femoropopliteal lesions based on the TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus II (TASC II) document, in some cases, it is reasonable to use the endovascular approach for these lesions. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the technical aspects and outcomes of treating TASC II D femoropopliteal disease with endovascular approaches.MethodsIn total, 91 procedures between January 2011 and December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. We collected data corresponding to the technical aspects and outcomes of treatment from an electronic database. Images and videos of all procedures were reviewed. Among the 91 procedures, 70 were for popliteal artery occlusions involving the trifurcation vessels, and 12 were for superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusions of >20 cm in length; 9 procedures for occlusions meeting both criteria were also performed. The χ² test was employed for statistical analyses, and logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors. Patency, wound healing, and survival were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Statistical significance was considered at P < .05.ResultsApproximately 44.4% of all patients were male. The mean age was 67.3 ± 20.7 years. Hypertension, diabetes, current smoker, kidney impairment, coronary disease, and cardiac insufficiency were identified in 92.3%, 66.6%, 21.7%, 7.6%, 25.6%, and 62.8% of the patients, respectively. All included patients had critical limb ischemia (11.5%, 84.6%, and 3.8% of cases corresponding to Rutherford categories 4, 5, and 6, respectively). Technical failure was observed in three patients (3.3%). The mean number of stents used was 0.7 ± 0.65 per patient. Primary patency at 30 days, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years was 91%, 60.1%, 55.7%, and 50.6%, respectively. Limb salvage at 30 days, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, and 4 years was 95.2%, 82.2%, 76.9%, 71.8%, and 63.7%, respectively. Reinterventions were necessary in 11.1% of the patients. Comparison of curves revealed significant differences in the 60-day primary patency for the SFA and popliteal groups (standard error, <10%; log-rank, P = .039). Analysis of the risk and technical factors affecting primary patency, limb salvage, and overall survival indicated that female sex was associated with poor survival (odds ratio, 8.942; 95% confidence interval, 1.105-72.36) and that the use of stents was associated with high rates of limb loss in the popliteal group (log-rank, P = .033).ConclusionsFor endovascular treatment of TASC II D femoropopliteal lesions, primary patency was better in patients with popliteal artery occlusions involving the trifurcation vessels than in those with SFA occlusions >20 cm in length. Female sex was associated with the risk of major amputations, and the use of stents in patients with popliteal occlusions was associated with major limb loss.     

A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Laparoscopic versus Open Surgery in Patients with COPD

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to compare outcomes of laparoscopic surgery to the outcomes of open surgery in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Plethora of studies compares laparoscopic and open surgery in the general population; however, there is a paucity of existing literature examining the optimal surgical techniques in the COPD population. Materials and Methods: A propensity score-matched analysis using the 2012–2015 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was conducted to match COPD patients undergoing the most common laparoscopic procedures to COPD patients undergoing the same procedures through an open approach. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to assess mortality and complications, and a multivariate linear regression model was used to compare the length of stay and total cost between open and laparoscopic surgery groups in COPD patients. Results: In general, open surgeries in COPD patients had worse outcomes than laparoscopic surgeries. Laparoscopic cholecystectomies were 45% less likely, colectomies were 58% less likely, and diagnostic procedures were 44% less likely to result in mortality than their open counterparts. All surgical cohorts except incisional hernia repairs had higher complication rates with an open approach. Aggregate complication rate reduction among procedures ranged between 29% and 65%. Total costs were higher in all open surgical cohorts except for appendectomies ($3,424–8,455). All open surgeries were associated with a longer length of stay, ranging from an extra day to 3?days, depending on surgery type. Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery should not be considered a contraindication in patients with COPD. Careful consideration of surgical technique can have significant implications on patient outcomes and hospital costs in the COPD population.     

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症治疗进展

外科手术及腔内介入技术是下肢动脉硬化闭塞症治疗的主要方法.下肢动脉硬化病变特点不同,治疗策略不同.本文就目前外科手术及腔内介入技术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的临床效果予以综述.     

血管内治疗不同分期动脉粥样硬化性椎基底动脉闭塞性脑梗死

目的 观察血管内治疗不同分期动脉粥样硬化性椎基底动脉闭塞性脑梗死(ASVBOCI)的效果。方法 回顾性分析77例接受血管内治疗的ASVBOCI患者,包括急性期组(发病≤24 h,AP组)23例、亚急性早期组(发病>24 h且≤14 d,SAEP组)23例、亚急性晚期及慢性期组(发病>14 d,SALCP组)31例,对比观察3组术中情况、围手术期不良事件及预后。结果 AP组、SAEP组及SALCP组血管再通率分别为78.26%(18/23)、95.65%(22/23)及93.55%(29/31),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);AP组、SAEP组术中机械取栓率均高于SALCP组(P均<0.05),AP组球囊扩张及支架植入均低于SAEP组和SALCP组(P均<0.05)。围手术期AP组1例、SAEP组2例颅内出血,SALCP组无出血。术后3个月SALCP组预后良好率高于、死亡率低于AP组及SAEP组(P均<0.05),后二者差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论 血管内治疗不同分期ASVBOCI安全、有效。     

不稳定性踝部骨折的手术治疗分析

目的 分析100 例不稳定性踝部骨折的手术治疗方法和疗效.方法 选取2010年8月至2012年11月,对100 例成人不稳定性踝关节骨折切开复位内固定手术组患者进行随访分析.本组入选病例中排除踝部开放性骨折和Pilon骨折.其中男49 例,女51 例;年龄18～81 岁,平均50 岁.按Danis-Weber分型,A型7 例,B型58 例,C型35 例.按Lauge-Hansen分型,旋前-外旋型21 例（Ⅲ度7 例,Ⅳ度14 例）,旋前-外展型Ⅲ度8 例,旋后-外旋型64 例（Ⅲ度9 例,Ⅳ度55 例）,旋后-内收型Ⅱ度7 例.根据美国矫形足踝协会踝与后足评分标准进行功能和疗效评估.结果 随访时间4～26个月,平均14个月,骨折愈合时间12～16周,平均为12.6周.本组评分68～100分,平均88.6分;优（90～100分）37 例,良（80～89分）49 例,一般（70～79分）13 例,小于等于69分为差1 例,优良率为86%.结论 正确手术方案制定和操作是不稳定性踝关节骨折外科手术治疗成功的关键.     

Evaluation of hand function after early excision and skin grafting of burns versus delayed skin grafting: a randomized clinical trial

Introduction

Thermal injury of the hand is characterized by disfigurement and deformity with marked problems because the patient is no longer able to perform the daily living activities and function at school or work. Early excision and grafting (E&G) were introduced to decrease hospital stay, hospital cost, and septic complications and to eliminate burn toxins. In this study, E&G was compared with delayed skin grafting in deep hand burns.

Materials and method

40 patients with deep second- and third- degree hand burns with average burn size less than 30% total body surface area (TBSA) were randomly divided into E&G group and delayed grafting group. All hands in both groups were subjected to pre and post operative program of physiotherapy. Measurement of total active motion (TAM) of each digit and grip strength was recorded pre and post operative. Hand function using Jebsen-Taylor hand function test (JTHFT) was recorded three months after operation in both groups.

Results

There were statistically significant differences in both groups regarding to TAM, hand grip strength and Jebsen-Taylor hand function test favoring the E&G group.

Conclusion

The study concluded that early excision and skin grafting with physiotherapy gave better results than delayed grafting in terms of preservation of hand function and shortened hospital stay.     

乳管镜对乳腺导管内疾病的诊断及介入治疗--附100例临床分析

目的:探讨乳管镜在乳腺疾病诊断和治疗中的作用.方法:应用乳腺纤维导管内视镜对100例伴乳头溢液的乳腺导管性疾病进行诊断或介入治疗.结果:13例导管内占位性疾病得到了正确诊断,87例渗出性导管病经治疗后治愈.结论:乳管镜对乳管内病变的正确诊断及手术方式可提供依据,并可对渗出性病变进行介入治疗.