虚拟现实棱镜适应训练对脑卒中视空间忽略的作用

目的探讨虚拟现实棱镜适应训练对脑卒中后视空间忽略的康复作用及其脑机制。 方法将脑卒中视空间忽略患者30例按随机数字表法随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组采用虚拟现实棱镜适应训练和常规康复治疗2周,对照组只进行常规康复治疗。2组患者均于治疗前和治疗2周后（治疗后）采用字直线二等分测试（LBT）、字母划销试验（LCT）、画钟试验（CDT）和注意网络测试（ANT）进行评定。 结果治疗前,2组患者间的LBT、 LCT和CDT测试间比较,差异均无统计学意义（P&rt;0.05）;治疗后,治疗组患者的LBT、 LCT、CDT测试结果分别为（4.27±1.39）分、（9.52±6.95）%、（8.80±1.01）分,与组内治疗前和对照组治疗后比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。治疗前,2组患者间ANT测试各项指标比较,差异均无统计学意义（P&rt;0.05）;治疗后,治疗组ANT测试各项指标与组内治疗前和对照组治疗后比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论虚拟现实棱镜适应训练结合常规康复作业治疗能更好地改善脑卒中患者视空间忽略症状。     

单侧空间忽略的评价与治疗

单侧空间忽略的评价与治疗张竹青１孙启良１杨文琳１单侧空间忽略是脑损伤后常见的并发症之一。１９１８年首先由ＧＨｏｌｍｅｓ提出，但直到１９４１年ＲＢｒａｉｍ详细报导了３个病例才引起学者的兴趣〔１〕，近年已成为神经心理学及康复医学界关注的课题。患者在完成各...     

单侧空间忽略的康复治疗

单侧空间忽略是脑损伤后患者对损伤半球对侧空间的刺激不能感知、定向或注意,是引起患者长期功能障碍和影响康复疗效的主要因素,目前对针对单侧空间忽略的各项康复治疗方法争议颇多,本文综述其临床应用和理论模式.     

脑卒中后单侧空间忽略的研究进展

正脑卒中是当今全球第二大致死性疾病,也是主要的致残性疾病,严重影响患者的生活质量~([1])。随着脑卒中后存活率不断增加,患者对卒中后生活质量要求也越来越高,其并发症引起了医务人员的高度关注。单侧空间忽略(Unilateral Spatial Neglect,USN)作为一种神经心理学疾病亦或更多是一种卒中后高级知觉障碍,频发于脑血管意外患者,USN是指卒中后患者对来自病灶对侧空间的刺激不能正确地反应,即不能注     

康复疗法对脑卒中单侧空间忽略的影响

目的观察康复疗法对脑卒中偏瘫患者单侧空间忽略(USN)的影响。方法42例USN患者接受8周康复训练,疗程前后采用4种USN检查方法、Barthel指数及美国卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)进行评定。结果8周后各检查法的异常数、Bar-thel指数及NIHSS评分较治疗前均有较明显改善。结论康复训练能提高脑卒中单侧空间忽略患者的日常生活活动能力,改善神经功能。     

单侧空间忽略的康复研究进展

近年来,临床出现很多新的单侧空间忽略技术康复方法,如镜像神经元疗法、虚拟现实技术、非侵入性脑刺激、棱镜适应技术、作业疗法,传统的头针、体针、电针、穴位按摩等也有新的进展。     

早期康复护理对脑卒中单侧空间忽略的影响

目的 探讨早期康复护理对脑卒中后单侧空间忽略的改善率及对日常生活能力和运动功能恢复的改善作用.方法 采用随机对照研究的方法,将72名脑卒中后单侧空间忽略患者随机分为观察组和对照组,分别进行早期康复护理干预和常规护理,分析脑卒中单侧空间忽略的各项日常生活能力表现特点,并制定相应早期康复护理对策,分别于2周末、4周末进行Barther 指数和Fugl-Meyer评分,比较两组患者不同时间Barther指数和Fugl-Meyer评分差异性;比较两组在治疗4周末单侧空间忽略改善率.结果 2周末Fugl - Meyer评分观察组较对照组、入院有明显改善(P＜0.05),BI指数差异不明显(P＞0.05);4周末FuglMeyer评分及BI指数观察组较对照组、入院均有明显改善(P＜0.05).治疗4周末观察组的单侧空间忽略的改善较对照组有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 早期康复护理可减轻脑卒中后单侧空间忽略的症状,并可促进患者运动功能恢复及提高其日常生活能力.     

脑卒中后单侧空间忽略对偏瘫康复疗效的影响

目的:探讨脑卒中后单侧空间忽略的发生及其对偏瘫康复疗效的影响。方法:对住入本院的脑卒中偏瘫患者采用神经心理学方法进行评测,确定18例单侧空间忽略患者为观察组,将27例无忽略的右侧大脑半球病变致脑卒中偏瘫患者列为对照组,两组均予常规康复治疗,并在治疗前后进行简式Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定(FMA)、功能独立性评定(FIM)、简易精神状态检查(MMSE)。结果:观察组的MMSE评分在治疗后虽有提高(P<0.05),但其FMA、FIM评分无明显提高(P>0.05),治疗前后FMA、FIM、MMSE均明显低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:单侧空间忽略的存在直接影响了脑卒中偏瘫康复疗效,常规康复治疗无助于提高日常生活活动能力。     

康复护理干预对脑卒中患者单侧空间忽略的影响

单侧空间忽略（Unilateral Spatial Neglect,uSN）是指患者不能整合及利用来自身体或环境一侧的知觉,对自身的一侧（左或右侧）也不能感知,常表现为不洗被忽略侧的脸,不刮该侧胡子,不穿该侧衣服,不吃该侧饭菜等。脑卒中患者USN的发病率较高,约占40％,是患者康复的最大阻碍因子。2006年1月-2008年10月,本院对26例脑卒中患者单侧空间忽略患者加强忽略侧的康复护理干预,取得一定的效果。现报告如下。     

Association between prism adaptation and auditory cues on spatial navigation in individuals with unilateral neglect

BackgroundUnilateral neglect is common among right-hemispheric stroke individuals and also concerns the auditory modality. Prism adaptation can improve auditory extinction during a dichotic listening task, but its effect during an ecological task has not been studied.ObjectiveThe main objective was to evaluate whether lateralized cueing before and after prism adaptation improved virtual spatial navigation of stroke individuals with visual and auditory unilateral neglect. Secondary objectives were to assess spatial memory and obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of the cueing treatment by using an eye-tracker.MethodsWe included 22 stroke individuals with left visual and auditory neglect, 14 individuals without neglect, and 12 healthy controls. After a familiarization task, participants underwent 3 evaluation sessions. Participants were first passively shown a path that they had then to actively reproduce by using a joystick. A path with lateralized beeping sounds indicating direction and a path without any sounds were followed in a randomized order. After prism adaptation, the participants followed a third path with lateralized beeping sounds. The time of navigation and number of trajectory mistakes were recorded. After navigation, spatial memory was assessed. Additionally, an eye-tracker was used during the navigation period.ResultsThe navigational performance of participants with neglect was significantly better with than without auditory cues, especially after prism adaptation. With auditory cues, participants without neglect reached the navigational performance of healthy controls. The spatial memory of individuals with neglect was significantly lower with auditory cues. Eye-tracking analyses showed that participants with neglect made more saccades and looked longer at the right-square angles in the absence of auditory cues.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the positive effect of auditory cues in virtual spatial navigation of individuals with visual and auditory neglect and the potentiation of the help of cues after prism adaptation.     

Use of fresnel prism glasses to treat stroke patients with hemispatial neglect

OBJECTIVE: To explore the functional effects of prism adaptation training on patients with hemispatial neglect after stroke. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Inpatient rehabilitation unit in rural Australia. PARTICIPANTS: Four subjects with hemispatial neglect, recruited from consecutive admissions of patients less than 60 days poststroke. INTERVENTION: Prism adaptation treatment, consisting of five 10-minute training sessions over 12 to 17 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The FIM instrument, Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS), subjective straight ahead pointing, Albert's line cancellation, letter cancellation, and line bisection. Ambulatory patients also performed the Timed Up & Go test. RESULTS: Immediate effects of prism adaptation training included improvements in both subjective straight ahead pointing and in the Albert's line cancellation task. Letter cancellation, line bisection, FIM, and CBS scores improved in all subjects. Improvements in a functional task were also observed immediately following prism adaptation treatment. Obstacle avoidance while walking improved after prism adaptation training in 2 ambulatory subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Prism adaptation training shows promise as a new treatment to supplement current strategies for the clinical management of hemispatial neglect after stroke. This study is limited by small sample size and absence of a control group. Further research will be needed to demonstrate efficacy for this inexpensive and relatively safe device.     

脑卒中偏瘫患者发生单侧空间忽略的康复干预

目的：探讨脑卒中偏瘫患者发生单侧空间忽略的康复干预措施。方法：选择31例单侧空间忽略患者通过加强忽略侧的视觉、听觉、触觉刺激和肢体运动，并利用口头回忆法进行日常生活能力训练。结果：31例患者治疗1个月后治疗前后日常生活能力对照明显提高（P〈0．01），忽略程度前后对照明显改善（P〈0．05）。结论：加强忽略侧的视、听、触觉刺激和肢体运动，运用口头回忆法进行日常生活能力训练是单侧空间忽略的有效康复干预。     

偏侧空间忽略发生的相关解剖位点研究

目的:探讨右侧半球脑卒中后左侧偏侧空间忽略的临床及相关的大脑解剖位点。方法:本研究收集了120例右侧脑卒中患者,其中60例左侧空间忽略患者(忽略组)及60例右侧半球卒中后无忽略的患者(对照组),进行病例对照研究,分析两组的临床特征,并运用MRIcro软件对两组研究对象的头颅影像结果进行分析,分别将两组患者的颅内病灶进行叠加,继后相减,并进行基于体素的卡方分析,进而探讨哪些脑区的损伤几率在忽略组高于对照组。结果:忽略组与对照组相比,性别构成、年龄、偏盲几率、受教育年数、病程、接受影像检查时间差异无显著性意义(P0.05);忽略组的病灶体积显著大于对照组(P0.05),MMSE得分显著低于对照组(P0.05);两组的头颅病灶分析显示:额下回、中央前回、中央后回、颞上回、颞中回、脑岛及其周围白质、顶下小叶白质的损伤的发生率,忽略组显著高于对照组。结论:右侧脑卒中患者中,发生忽略的患者病灶体积更大,MMSE得分更低。忽略的发生与额下回、中央前回、中央后回、颞上回、颞中回、脑岛及其周围白质及其顶下小叶白质的损伤相关。     

应用罗伊适应模式减轻乳腺癌术后患者抑郁状态的效果观察

目的 探讨应用罗伊适应模式减轻乳腺癌术后患者抑郁状态的效果。方法 选取我院2017年8月-2019年12月乳腺癌术后患者130例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各65例。对照组给予常规的护理措施,观察组患者在常规护理基础上给予罗伊适应模式,观察两组患者入院时、术后干预1周及出院前1天的心理状态,对比两组患者的抑郁程度及自护能力情况,并记录。结果 观察组患者抑郁症状优于对照组,自护能力优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。结论 应用罗伊适应模式,能有效减轻乳腺癌术后患者抑郁状态,提升患者自护能力,促进术后功能康复,降低并发症的发生,改善乳腺癌术后患者生活质量。     

Reducing neglect and improving social support for older people following a self-help group in the poor urban community of Jakarta,Indonesia

Increasing age has an impact on the decline of organ function and results in increasing dependence on others, including family. Efforts must be made to increase older adult's’ independence to help them overcome naturally occurring changes and health problems. This research aims to determine the effects of the self-help groups as nursing interventions using guidelines of selfhealth monitoring and management on the incidence of neglecting and the social support of older people. A quasi-experimental design was used on a total sample of 208 people, consisting of 103 in the intervention group and 105 in the control group. An independent t-test was conducted before and after the intervention model to analyze the social support variable, and chi-square test was applied to analysis the neglect variable. The results showed the effects on the incidence of neglect of older people, and there were significant differences between and within the intervention and control groups (p < 0.05) in terms of social support. The intervention model demonstrated reduction of the incidence of neglect and an increase in social support. The results indicate that this program can be used as a guideline for health care center nurses in fostering self-help groups for older people in the community.     

Roy适应模式在青春期精神病患者中的应用

目的探讨Roy适应模式在青春期住院精神病患者中的应用效果。方法按照随机数字表法,将100例青春期精神病患者随机分为研究组和对照组,每组各50例。运用Roy适应模式对研究组患者实施护理干预,对照组给予常规护理和健康教育。干预后7周,采用汉密顿抑郁量表(hamilton depression rating scale,HAMD)、汉密顿焦虑量表(hamilton anxietyscale,HAMA)、社会支持评定量表(social support revalued scale,SSRS)和护士用住院患者观察量表(nurse observation scale forinpatient,NOSIE)对患者进行评定。结果干预后,研究组患者HAMD和HAMA评分较对照组低;社会功能、社会兴趣、主观支持度和支持利用度评分较对照组高,两组比较,均P<0.01,差异具有统计学意义。结论运用Roy适应模式对青春期精神病患者进行护理,可提高其对社会环境的适应能力,改善精神状态,使患者能更好地回归社会。