哈尔滨地区正常青少年牙列指数测量分析

目的建立哈尔滨地区正常青少年Bolton指数和Pont指数的正常值标准,并对其临床应用价值进行评价。方法选取100名哈尔滨地区正常青少年的牙颌模型作为研究对象,进行测量分析,计算Bolton指数和Pont指数,同时进行上下颌牙量以及切牙宽度和牙弓宽度的相关性分析。结果哈尔滨地区正常青少年Bolton指数和Pont指数男女间差异均无显著性,Bolton前牙指数为(78.97±2.41)%,全牙指数为(91.48±3.14)%;Pont前磨牙指数为(83.13±4.47)%,磨牙指数为(66.08±4.83)%。结论确立了哈尔滨地区正常青少年Bolton指数和Pont指数的正常值标准;Bolton指数和Pont指数均有一定的临床应用价值。     

重庆市正常(牙合)青少年牙列指数测量分析

目的 :建立重庆市正常牙合青少年牙颌模型牙列指数的正常值 ,为正畸临床提供依据。方法 :选取重庆市正常牙合青少年牙颌模型 92付 (男 45付 ,女 47付 ) ,测量牙冠宽度、牙弓宽度 ,计算Bolton指数和Pont指数 ,对测量结果进行统计分析并与国内外相关资料进行对比研究 ,对Bolton指数和Pont指数的临床应用价值进行评价。结果 :Bolton指数和Pont指数存在种族和地区差异 ,结论 :Bolton指数和Pont指数在正畸临床中均有一定的应用价值 ,临床上应参照本民族和地区的标准     

十堰地区错畸形患者Bolton指数的测量

目的:分析十堰地区各类错牙合畸形患者Bolton指数及Bolton指数不调发生率的差异。方法:随机选择3 2 5例不同类型错牙合畸形患者的记存模型,分别测量上、下颌全牙量和前牙量,计算Bolton指数值及Bolton指数不调的发生率,进行统计学分析。结果:安氏Ⅰ类和安氏Ⅲ类错牙合前牙Bolton指数及全牙弓Bolton指数均大于安氏Ⅱ类1分类错牙合病例,且具有统计学差异(P <0 .0 5 ) ;安氏Ⅰ类错牙合Bolton指数不调发生率大于安氏Ⅱ类1分类及安氏Ⅱ类2分类,安氏Ⅲ类错牙合Bolton指数不调发生率大于安氏Ⅱ类1分类错牙合病例,有统计学差异。结论:不同类型错牙合畸形病例的Bolton指数及Bolton指数不调发生率有统计学差异,正畸治疗前进行Bolton指数分析非常重要。     

壮族青少年安氏Ⅱ类错牙量关系分析

目的　从牙量关系的角度探讨壮族青少年磨牙远中牙合关系的成因。方法　对 30例广西壮族青少年磨牙远中错牙合患者的模型进行测量 ,得出相关数据并进行组牙相关分析及与壮族正常牙合的数据进行对比分析。结果　磨牙远中错牙合患者其前牙Bolton指数为 79.86 ,后牙Bolton指数为 92 .2 4 ,与正常牙合相比其绝对值大于正常牙合但无显著性差异 ;组牙相关分析显示上颌前牙及全牙量与下颌前牙及全牙量相关系数均最高 ,与正常牙合组的相关系数接近。分段组牙比率分析显示磨牙呈远中错牙合组各组牙比值大于正常牙合组但无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　广西壮族磨牙远中错牙合患者其牙量是协调的 ,牙量关系的异常不是其错牙合形成的主要原因。     

重庆市正常青少年牙列指数测量分析

目的建立重庆市正常牙合青少年牙颌模型牙列指数的正常值,为正畸临床提供依据.方法选取重庆市正常牙合青少年牙颌模型92付(男45付,女47付),测量牙冠宽度、牙弓宽度,计算Bolton指数和Pont指数,对测量结果进行统计分析并与国内外相关资料进行对比研究,对Bolton指数和Pont指数的临床应用价值进行评价.结果Bolton指数和Pont指数存在种族和地区差异,结论Bolton指数和Pont指数在正畸临床中均有一定的应用价值,临床上应参照本民族和地区的标准.     

壮族青少年安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)牙量关系分析方志欣

目的从牙量关系的角度探讨壮族青少年磨牙远中(牙合)关系的成因.方法对30例广西壮族青少年磨牙远中错(牙合)患者的模型进行测量,得出相关数据并进行组牙相关分析及与壮族正常(牙合)的数据进行对比分析.结果磨牙远中错(牙合)患者其前牙Bolton指数为79.86,后牙Bolton指数为92.24,与正常(牙合)相比其绝对值大于正常(牙合)但无显著性差异;组牙相关分析显示上颌前牙及全牙量与下颌前牙及全牙量相关系数均最高,与正常(牙合)组的相关系数接近.分段组牙比率分析显示磨牙呈远中错(牙合)组各组牙比值大于正常(牙合)组但无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论广西壮族磨牙远中错(牙合)患者其牙量是协调的,牙量关系的异常不是其错(牙合)形成的主要原因.     

哈尔滨地区正常青年牙列CT测量初步研究

目的建立哈尔滨地区正常恒牙青年牙牙合系统三维CT正常值数据库。方法采用螺旋CT和AW4.2工作站对哈尔滨地区50例18²5周岁正常恒牙牙合青年牙牙合扫描重建、测量分析。结果①男性各段牙弓宽度、牙弓张角和牙弓斜长都较女性大。②正常恒牙左右牙弓大小不完全一致。男性右侧牙弓尖牙段较大,而女性左侧牙弓磨牙段较大。③牙冠宽度无显著性别差异。④Bolton前牙指数有显著性别差异,Bolton全牙指数无显著性别差异。⑤上下前牙牙量间、上下全牙列牙量间有较强的相关性,而上下前牙与侧方牙群牙量相关性男女间有所差异。结论①男性牙弓较女性宽大。②正常牙弓并非完全对称,女性左侧占优势,男性右侧占优势。③替牙期侧方牙群牙量的估计,男性参考上切牙量较为可靠,而女性则参考下切牙量为宜。     

三维扫描喀什地区维吾尔族青少年牙列指数分析

［摘要］ 目的 三维扫描新疆喀什地区维吾尔族青少年个别正常牙合青少年模型,三维测量Bolton指数及Pont指数,并建立该地区青少年三维牙牙合数据库。方法 选取个别正常牙合模型191副（男72副,女119副）,使用国产朗口呈dl-100口内扫描仪获取三维数字化模型,GEOMAGIC三维逆向工程处理软件测量牙冠宽度、牙弓宽度,并对结果分析。结果 男女间Bolton指数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),男女性Pont前磨牙指数无统计学差异（P>0.05),Pont磨牙指数有统计学差异（P<0.05）。结论 牙列指数存在种族、地区、性别等方面的差异,在临床应用当中应该参照本地区的标准。     

安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)畸形牙冠宽度和Bolton指数测量分析

目的 分析安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)畸形患者的Bolton指数,并探讨其上下牙量关系对其症状及疗效的影响.方法 以安氏Ⅱ类1分类和2分类错(牙合)畸形患者各100例为研究对象,分别进行牙冠宽度测量并计算Bolton指数.结果 安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)的前牙宽度比安氏Ⅱ类2分类错(牙合)大,差异有统计学意义.Bolton指数不调的基本分布情况为:指数正常组＞指数过小组＞指数过大组.Bolton指数前牙比和全牙比呈现安氏Ⅱ类2分类错(牙合)＞安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合),但其差异无统计学意义.结论 安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)中有约50％病例Bolton指数在正常值范围之外,存在上下牙量不协调.     

前磨牙拔除模式对不同错牙合畸形Bolton指数全牙比的影响

目的探讨前磨牙拔除模式对不同错牙合畸形Bolton指数全牙比的影响。方法选取180副牙性与骨性错牙合类型一致的患者模型,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类每组60例,计算各组拔牙前和采用4种前磨牙拔除模式拔牙后的Bolton指数全牙比,以87%～89%为拔牙后Bolton指数全牙比参考值,对各组4种拔牙模式下Bolton指数全牙比的
异常率进行卡方检验。结果3组完整牙列Bolton指数全牙比差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）;Ⅰ、Ⅱ类组不同模式拔牙后Bolton指数全牙比异常率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,Ⅲ类组不同模式拔牙后异常率差异有统计学意义,拔除的异常率小于拔除（P=0.002）。结论从牙量协调的角度考虑,Ⅰ、Ⅱ类错牙合畸形采用4种拔牙模式均可,Ⅲ类错牙合畸形拔除的模式优于 。     

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀溶解性比较研究

目的:研究、比较不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀的溶解性和表面微观形态改变,为临床使用提供依据.方法:将3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)及GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)分别在人工唾液中浸泡30 d,冷热循环15000次,烘干测重,比较前后质量变化,计算溶解率,并用扫描电镜观察表面微观改变.结果:不同剂型的玻璃离子水门汀溶解率由高到低分别为3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型).3种玻璃离子水门汀经浸泡溶解后,SEM扫描表面微观形态可观察到GE玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)表面形态改变较少,其他2组玻璃离子水门汀表面微观改变较多.结论:双糊剂型玻璃离子水门汀理化性能及溶解率均低于传统水粉剂型,是未来临床修复治疗的的良好选择.     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.     

颌骨动静脉畸形的栓塞治疗

目的：总结直接穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静脉静脉畸形的经验。方法：收治凳骨动静脉畸形患者6例,均进行了介入栓塞治疗。采用的栓塞材料为附凝血棉纤毛的螺圈,聚乙烯醇泡沫微粒和二氰基丙烯酸对丁酯。数字减影颈动脉造影在PHILIPSV300下完成。结果6例颌骨动静脉畸形患者中4,例急性出血得到了快速、有效控制,1例慢性渗血的右下 骨动静脉畸形患者,介入栓塞治疗,拔除松动的右下凳第一磨牙,有效地控制了出血,另1例伴局部软组织搏动性膨隆的上凳骨动静脉畸形患者,介入治疗后膨隆的搏动性得到明显改善,栓塞治疗后分别随访3－24个月,均未发现有口腔内渗血或出血。随访的X线片上,病灶区可见新骨形成。结论：局部穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静畸形是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

正畸患者切牙影像失真发生情况分析

目的研究正畸患者曲面体层片上的切牙影像失真发生情况，并分析其原因。 方法从中山大学附属口腔医院放射科影像数据库中选取500例正畸患者的曲面体层片和头影测量侧位片，所有曲面体层片均采用咬合杆投照，分别从切牙牙体影像放大、缩小、牙根变短、根尖模糊等评价指标分析上下颌切牙影像失真的发生情况，在头影测量侧位片上测量中切牙根尖-对颌切牙切缘的距离，探讨切牙影像失真发生的原因。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学检验。 结果500例患者中，切牙牙体影像正常者共417例，切牙牙体影像失真者共83例，影像失真发生率16.6%，其中切牙牙体影像放大17例、牙体影像缩小0例、牙根变短30例，牙根影像变短伴模糊36例。影像失真患者的根尖-切缘距离大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F = 5 187.18，P = 0）；影像失真患者的覆盖值大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F>477，P = 0）。 结论严重牙颌面畸形如反 、深覆盖是导致曲面体层片的切牙影像失真的主要原因之一。     

正常青年Monson球面半径的测量研究

目的测量正常青年Monson球面半径。方法选择60名(男30名,女30名)正常青年制取全口印模,应用立体摄影成像的原理与方法对Monson球面半径进行测量和统计学处理。结果Monson球面的半径平均为10.173 cm,大于理论值10.160 cm,差异有显著性(P<0.01);男、女性球面半径差异无显著性。结论本实验所得到的数据可作为全口义齿修复中记录颌位关系的一个参量。     

鼻测量法的进展

唇裂术后继发畸形是指唇裂修复术后,仍遗留或继发于手术操作和生长发育变化而表现出来的一类畸形[1]。包括唇畸形、鼻畸形和颌骨畸形。其修复较原发性唇裂修复更复杂,更灵活多变。而导致其修复复杂性的一个重要原因即是局部组织结构复杂变异和缺乏可靠的三维测量手段[2],鼻畸形     

口底癌34例临床分析

目的探讨口底癌的临床特性、治疗方法及预后。方法对我院自1992—2002年住院治疗的34例口底癌患者进行回顾性分析。结果34例口底癌患者中,男28例(82.4%),女6例(17.6%),男女比为4.7∶1,平均发病年龄58岁。发病部位:前口底22例(64.7%),后口底12例(35.3%)。淋巴结转移率41.2%。单纯手术组、化疗加手术组、放疗加手术组、化疗加手术加放疗组的5年生存率分别为45.5%、60.0%、50.0%、62.5%。结论口底癌以中老年患者好发,男性居多。易发生淋巴结转移,综合疗法疗效较好。