超重和肥胖人群脂联素受体mRNA的水平与脂肪细胞因子的相关性

目的 了解两种脂联素受体（AdpR1和AdpR2）在人脂肪组织中的表达水平及其与血清脂肪细胞因子的关系。方法 选取19例超重或肥胖（OW＋Ob）和29例正常体重者（NC），用RT-PCR技术检测腹部皮下脂肪组织（AAT）与大网膜脂肪组织（0AT）中脂联素受体的表达水平，并测FIns、血脂和血清脂联素、TNF-α、FFA等指标。结果 （1）两种脂联素受体mRNA的表达水平在OW＋Ob组和NC组、AAT和OAT之间均无差异；但OW＋Ob患者的血浆TG、VLDL-C、FIns、TNF-α、FFA均高于NC组（P＜0．05～P＜0．01），而血清脂联素低于NC组（P＜0．05）。（2）总体观察对象中，AAT的脂联素受体mRNA表达水平与血清脂联素、FFA、FIns、HOMA-IR水平呈负相关（P＜0．05～P＜0．01）；与ISI呈正相关（P分别＜0．05和＜0．01）。（3）OW＋Ob组中脂联素与BMI、FFA、FIns、HOMA-IR呈负相关（P＜0．05～P＜0．01），与ISI呈正相关（P＜0．01）；FFA与血浆TG、LDL-C、FIns呈正相关（P均＜0．05）。结论 OW＋Ob人群的血清TNF-α、FFA水平高于NC人群，脂联素水平低于NC人群，而脂联素受体mRNA的表达水平在两组间没有差异。脂联素受体、FIns、脂联素、FFA是一组很好的评估胰岛素敏感性的指标。     

妊娠中期胰岛素抵抗相关因素的研究

门诊常规测定妊娠中期妇女的身高、体重，计算体重指数（BMI）；生化比色法测定妊娠中期妇女血清游离脂肪（FFA）；化学发光法测定妊娠中期妇女血清胰岛素（Ins）、瘦素（LEP）水平。结果：妊娠中期妇女出现胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）、BMI、Ins、FFA、瘦素水平的明显变化，与对照组比较，分别为P〈0．05和P〈0．01；以评价机体胰岛素敏感性的指标ISI为对象，分析发现ISI与BMI、FFA、瘦素呈显著正相关。而与基础胰岛素水平、体重也具有相关性，而与年龄、身高、血糖水平相关性不显著。结论：妊娠妇女于妊娠中期即已出现IR，机体FFA、瘦素水平与IR的发生密切相关。     

男性2型糖尿病患者体脂分布与心血管危险因素的关系

目的探讨男性2型糖尿病患者体脂分布特点及其与心血管危险因素的关系。方法横断面研究,用CT测量91例男性T2DM患者腹壁皮下脂肪面积（SA）及腹腔脏器脂肪面积（VA）,计算VA／SA（VSR）以及腹部总体脂量（TAF）,同时检测代谢参数,计算BMI;对体脂参数与代谢危险因素行peanson相关分析、偏相关分析及多元逐步回归分析。结果（1）相关分析结果显示,体脂分布与年龄无相关关系;无论BMI高低,其VSR均明显高于欧美肥胖人群和我国肥胖人群;内脏型肥胖的HbA1 c、TG、FFA水平高于皮下型肥胖组,FIns、FPG水平低于皮下型肥胖组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;（2）在校正年龄、糖尿病病程和BMI后,VA、SA和TAF均与FFA呈正相关,VSR与HbA1c呈正相关;（3）BMI为影响DBP、UA、Fins的独立危险因素,影响SBP、TG、HDL-C的重要因素;TAF是影响2hFFA的独立危险因素;VA为影响FFA的独立危险因素;SA是影响FPG的独立危险因素;VSR是影响HbA1 c的独立危险因素。结论男性T2DM患者体脂分布以中心性肥胖、尤其是腹部内脏脂肪增加为特点;其心血管危险因素不仅与总体脂有关,更与体脂分布（腹型肥胖）有关。     

代谢综合征患者餐后三酰甘油水平

目的探讨代谢综合征（MS）患者口服脂肪餐试验后三酰甘油（TG）浓度的变化。方法住院MS患者42例年龄（56．4±10．2）岁作为实验组，另有正常者21例年龄（58．9±10．0）岁作为对照组。两组均口服脂肪餐（脂肪含量62％，53．4g／m^2体表面积）并分别测定空腹，餐后2h、4h、6h、8h、10h的TG浓度，用餐后TG浓度的曲线下面积（AUC）反映餐后TG的反应及代谢能力。结果空腹胰岛素水平、胰岛素抵抗指数及体质量指数（BMI）实验组均显著高于对照组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01，P〈0．01）。实验组患者餐后TG的AUC值与高峰浓度均显著高于对照组[实验组：（22．4±14．2）比对照组：（10．3±6．1）mmol／（L·h），实验组：（6．0±2．0）比对照组：（3．1±1．3）mmol／（L·h），P均〈O．01]。餐后TG平均高峰浓度实验组出现在餐后6h，与对照组出现在餐后4h相比明显后延。多元线性回归分析以空腹TG、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平、年龄、BMI及胰岛素抵抗指数作为自变量。发现只有空腹TG水平是AUC水平的独立预测因子（B=10．3，P〈0．01）。结论MS患者餐后TG的反应水平比正常人显著升高，且清除延缓；餐后TG代谢失衡应是MS的重要特征之一。空腹TG水平是MS患者餐后TG代谢失衡的最主要的影响。     

肥胖程度对血脂等相关代谢因素的影响

目的了解江苏省城市职员肥胖的发病率及肥胖程度对血脂、血压、血糖水平的影响。方法对江苏省8个城市体检的3808名职员测量身高、体重、腰围、血压，依据BMI分为对照组、超重组和肥胖组，均行FPG、FIns、TC、TG测定，进行统计学处理。结果（1）江苏省城市职员肥胖患病率为11．5％，且随着年龄的增长呈逐渐上升趋势；（2）腰围、血压、TG、TC、FPG、FIns、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）的水平在超重组和肥胖组高于对照组，且BMI与腰围、血压、TG、TC、FPG、Fins、HOMA-IR呈正相关；（3）腰围与Fins、HOMA-IR的相关系数大于BMI与上述两者的相关系数。结论肥胖与高血压、血脂异常及胰岛素抵抗（IR）存在相关性，且肥胖越严重，相关代谢异常越明显；腹部脂肪分布与高胰岛素血症、IR的关系较总脂肪量更为密切。     

不同糖代谢异常患者血浆载脂蛋白A5水平的变化及其临床意义

目的 通过比较不同糖耐量人群血浆载脂蛋白A5（ApoA5）、脂联素（APN）及TG水平,探讨其相互关系,以及ApoA5及APN降低TG的可能机制. 方法 选取新诊断T2DM患者（T2DM组）35例,IGR者（IGR组）30例及正常对照者（NGT组）35名,行静脉葡萄糖耐量试验（IVGTT）.ELISA测定空腹ApoA5及APN水平;比色法测定FFA.稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）及胰岛β细胞功能指数（HOMA-β）.探讨ApoA5与APN、血脂、FFA、HOMA-IR及HOMA-β的关系. 结果 （1）T2DM、IGR组ApoA5及APN水平低于NGT组（P＜0.05）,且T2DM组较IGR组降低更明显（P＜0.05）.（2）T2DM、IGR组TG、FFA、2 hFFA、LDL-C、FPG、2 hPG、FIns、HOMA-IR水平高于NGT组（P＜0.05）,且T2DM组较IGR组升高更明显（P＜0.05）.（3） ApoA5与TG、TC、FFA、2 hFFA、LDL-C、FPG、2 hPG、FIns、HOMA-IR、BMI及WHR呈负相关;与APN、HDL-C及HOMA-β呈正相关.（4）多元逐步回归分析显示,APN、TG、FFA、WHR及HOMA-IR是ApoA5的独立影响因素. 结论 低ApoA5及APN水平可能是IGR时期的早期敏感指标,低ApoA5及APN水平不能有效抑制血中FFA水平,可能导致高甘油三酯血症（HTG）及IR,从而共同导致IGR及T2DM的发生发展.     

老年糖尿病患者脂肪餐后甘油三酯的变化及其对血管内皮功能的影响

目的观察老年糖尿病患者脂肪餐后甘油三酯(TG)的变化,及其对血管内皮功能的影响。方法检测35例老年糖尿病患者脂肪餐前和餐后2、4、6 h时血清TG表达水平,并采用超声检测空腹颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)及脂餐前后血管内皮依赖性舒张功能(FMD),同期选择35例门诊健康体检者作为对照组。结果老年糖尿病患者脂肪餐后2 h、4 h及6 h时的血清TG表达水平明显高于餐前(P<0.05),且均明显高于同时间点对照组的血清TG表达水平(P<0.05),对照组脂肪餐后2、4 h明显高于餐前(P<0.05),但餐后6 h血清TG表达水平恢复至餐前水平;糖尿病组患者空腹状态时C-IMT明显高于对照组(P<0.05),而FMD明显低于对照组(P<0.05),两组餐后4 h时C-IMT比较无显著差异(P>0.05),而FMD较空腹均明显降低(P<0.05),且糖尿病组餐后4 h时FMD明显低于对照组(P<0.05),而ΔFMD明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论老年糖尿病患者脂肪餐后血清TG表达水平明显升高,对血管内皮功能造成一定损害,可促进糖尿病合并心血管病变的发生。     

单纯性肥胖症患者外周血ghrelin、obestatin的水平变化及其临床意义

目的 探讨单纯性肥胖症患者餐前、餐后外周血肥胖抑制素（obestatin）水平的变化及其与ghrelin（一种脑肠肽激素）间的关系。方法 采用放射免疫法（RIA）检测16例单纯性肥胖症患者和14例正常对照者餐前1 h及其中各10例餐后2 h外周血ghrelin、obestatin水平;同时采用酶联免疫分析法（ELISA）检测餐前胰岛素水平并监测体质量指数（BMI）、腰臀比、血糖、血脂、白细胞及超敏C反应蛋白。结果 单纯性肥胖症患者餐前外周血ghrelin和obestatin水平均低于正常对照组（均P<0.01）,但ghrelin/obestatin比值却明显高于正常对照组（P<0.01）。单纯性肥胖症组和正常对照组餐后ghrelin/obestatin比值均明显低于其餐前（分别P<0.05,P<0.01）,但两组间差异无统计学意义。相关分析显示餐前ghrelin/obestatin比值与BMI（r=0.54,P<0.01）、腰围（r=0.39,P<0.05）、总胆固醇（r=0.40,P<0.05）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（r=0.41,P<0.05）呈正相关;与其它指标间相关性无统计学意义。结论 餐前外周血ghrelin、obestatin间比例失衡可能是单纯性肥胖症的发病机制之一。     

脂代谢紊乱对肥胖人群胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的探讨脂代谢紊乱对肥胖人群胰岛素抵抗（IR）的影响。方法将106例入选者按照体质指数（BMI）的不同分为体重正常组（BMI 18．5—24．9kg／m^2）、超重组（BMI25．0—27．0kg／m^2）和肥胖组（BMI〉27．0kg／m^2），做口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT），测定空腹及服糖后2h血糖（FBG、2hBG），同时测定空腹及服糖后2h真胰岛素（FTI、2hTI）、空腹胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度皮脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）、瘦素（Lep）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α），计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA—IR），并对有些数据做相关分析。结果超重组TG、FFA、Lep、TNF-α、FTI、2hBG水平及HOMA—IR高于体重正常组但低于肥胖组（P〈0．05）；超重组与肥胖组之间TC、LDL水平差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05），但均高于正常组（P〈0．05）；正常组FBG、HDL水平分别低于和高于肥胖组（P〈0．05），但与超重组差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）；TG与FFA、Lep与FFA、Lep与TNFα、TNFα与FFA之间均呈正相关（r=0．62、0．49、0．41、0．54，P〈0．01）；FFA、Lep、TNFα、腰臀围比值（WHR）与HOMA—IR独立相关（F=242．1，偏回归系数分别为1、55、1.69、1．02、0．03。P〈0．05）。结论脂代谢紊乱是引起肥胖人群IR的重要因素之一。     

高血压和Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平分析

目的 研究中老年高血压和Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的血清瘦素（Leptin）水平，以及内皮素（ET）、胰岛素（Ins）对血清瘦素水平的影响。方法 采用放射免疫法测定201例高血压病与166例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的血清瘦素水平，观察其与性别、年龄、体重指数（BMI）、脂肪百分比（％Fat）、空腹血糖（FBS）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL－C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL－C）、甘油三脂（TG）、内皮素（ET）、血浆胰岛素（Ins）等指标的关系。结果 高血压和Ⅱ型糖尿病患者BMI、Fat、FBS、HDL－C和TG等五项指标差异显著；多元线性相关结果显示，瘦素与ET呈负相关，与BMI、Fat呈正相关；在逐步回归分析中，HDL－C和ET最后进入方程。结论 高血压和Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的血清瘦素水平无显著差异，影响血清瘦素水平的因素，除BMI和Fat外，主要为血浆内皮素，与血浆胰岛水平无关。     

Postprandial lipemia associates with liver fat content

CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE: Postprandial lipemia and low adiponectin represent novel risk factors for vascular disease. This study aimed to determine whether liver fat content and adiponectin are predictors of postprandial triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins (TRL). PATIENTS/INTERVENTIONS: Twenty-nine men were allocated into subgroups with either low (< or =5%) or high (>5%) liver fat measured with magnetic resonance proton spectroscopy. Subjects underwent an oral fat tolerance test with measurements of postprandial TG, cholesterol, apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48), and apoB-100 in TRL fractions, a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, and determination of abdominal fat volumes by magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Subjects with high liver fat displayed increased response of postprandial lipids in plasma, chylomicron, and very-low-density lipoprotein 1 (VLDL1) (Svedberg flotation rate 60-400) fractions. Liver fat correlated positively with postprandial responses (area under the curve) of TG (r = 0.597; P = 0.001), cholesterol (r = 0.546; P = 0.002), apoB-48 (r = 0.556; P = 0.002), and apoB-100 (r = 0.42; P = 0.023) in the VLDL1 fraction. Respective incremental areas under the curve correlated significantly with liver fat. Fasting adiponectin levels were inversely correlated with both postprandial lipids and liver fat content. Liver fat remained the only independent correlate in a multiple linear regression analysis for chylomicron and VLDL1 responses. CONCLUSIONS: Liver fat content is a close correlate of postprandial lipids predicting the responses of TRL in chylomicrons and VLDL1 better than measures of glucose metabolism or body adiposity. Low adiponectin concentration is closely linked to high liver fat content and impaired TRL metabolism. High liver fat content associated with postprandial lipemia represents potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease.     

胰岛素,甘油三酯,血糖对糖尿病患者血浆内皮素的影响

目的　探讨糖尿病患者血浆内皮素的影响因素。方法　对照组４３ 人，糖尿病组４５例，测定空腹及早餐后２ 小时的内皮素、胰岛素、甘油三酯、胆固醇、血糖。计算体重指数。结果　糖尿病组内皮素比对照组显著性增高（ Ｐ＜０ ．０１）。糖尿病组：空腹、餐后的内皮素与胰岛素正相关（ Ｐ＜０．０５ ，Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。空腹内皮素与甘油三酯无显著性相关，餐后内皮素与甘油三酯正相关（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。空腹、餐后内皮素与血糖正相关（ Ｐ＜ ０．０１） 。空腹、餐后内皮素与胆固醇均无显著性相关。内皮素与体重指数无显著性相关。结论　糖尿病患者血浆内皮素比健康人增高。胰岛素、甘油三酯、血糖是刺激糖尿病患者血浆内皮素增高的重要因素。餐后上述三种因素对糖尿病患者血浆内皮素的作用增强。     

Hepatic fat content is a determinant of postprandial triglyceride levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with normal fasting triglyceride

Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is common in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Significant numbers of T2D patients who have normal fasting triglyceride (TG) have postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. The role of regional adipose tissue and adiponectin on postprandial TG responses in this group of T2D patients is unclear. This study aimed to examine the contribution of regional adipose tissue and adiponectin to the variation of postprandial TG responses in T2D patients who have normal fasting TG levels. Thirty-one Thai T2D patients who had fasting TG<1.7 mmol/L were studied. All were treated with diet control or sulphonylurea and/or metformin. None was treated with lipid-lowering agents. Mixed-meal test was performed after overnight fast. Plasma glucose, insulin, and TG were measured before and 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after the test. Adiponectin was measured in fasting state. Visceral as well as superficial and deep subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissues were determined by magnetic resonance imaging, and hepatic fat content (HFC) was determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses of postprandial TG and regional adipose tissue and metabolic parameters were performed. The TG levels before and 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after the mixed meal were 1.32+/-0.40 (SD), 1.40+/-0.41, 1.59+/-0.40, 1.77+/-0.57, and 1.80+/-0.66 mmol/L, respectively (P<.0001). The area under the curve (AUC) of postprandial TG was positively and significantly correlated with fasting TG (r=0.84, P<.0001) and log.HFC (r=0.456, P=.033) and was inclined to be correlated with log.deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (r=0.38, P=.05) and sex (r=0.326, P=.073). The AUC of postprandial TG was not correlated with age, body mass index, waist circumference, log.superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue, log.visceral adipose tissue, hemoglobin A1c, fasting glucose, AUC.glucose, log.fasting insulin, log.AUC.insulin, log.homeostasis model assessment%B, log.homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and adiponectin. Only fasting TG (beta=.815, P<.0001) and log.HFC (beta=.249, P=.035) predicted AUC of postprandial TG in regression model (adjusted R2=0.84, P<.0001). In conclusion, in T2D patients with normal fasting TG, the increase of postprandial TG levels is directly determined by fasting TG level and the amount of hepatic fat.     

Incremental area under response curve more accurately describes the triglyceride response to an oral fat load in both healthy and type 2 diabetic subjects

Elevation of postprandial triacylglycerol (TG)-rich plasma lipoproteins is considered potentially atherogenic. Type 2 diabetic patients have exaggerated postprandial TG compared with healthy subjects. Postprandial TG responses to oral fat loads are usually studied as the area under the TG curve. No consensus exists regarding the method of choice when calculating the TG response area. We evaluated the correlation between fasting TG and postprandial TG responses calculated by the trapezoid rule as total area under the curve (AUC) and incremental area under the curve (iAUC). Furthermore, we compared the AUC and iAUC to a 3-point calculation method. Ten healthy subjects and 47 type 2 diabetic patients ingested test meals consisting of an energy-free soup plus 80 g fat and 50 g carbohydrate. TG responses were measured in total plasma, in a chylomicron (CM)-rich fraction and in a CM-poor fraction. In healthy subjects the AUC, but not iAUC, correlated positively to fasting TG. In type 2 diabetic patients a strong correlation was found between fasting TG and AUC, whereas weak associations were found to the iAUCs. The iAUC was strongly correlated to the postprandial TG rise in both groups. The 3-point areas differed significantly from the trapezoid measurements in both healthy and type 2 diabetic subjects. In conclusion, in both healthy and type 2 diabetic subjects total AUC is highly correlated to fasting TG, whereas iAUC more accurately describes the TG response to an oral fat load. The 3-point test seems less suitable for the determination of postprandial response in both healthy and type 2 diabetic subjects.     

餐后2小时血糖与肱踝脉搏波传导速度的相关性研究

目的:探讨上海郊区自然人群餐后2 h血糖水平与肱踝脉搏波传导速度(BaPWV)的相关性。方法:在上海市嘉定区选取2519名居民,对其进行问卷调查、体格检查、血和尿的生化检查以及BaPWV的检测,按餐后2 h血糖值四分位分组,分析餐后2 h血糖水平与BaPWV的相关性,以及动脉硬化患病情况。结果:1随着餐后2 h血糖水平的升高,4组BaPWV值总体呈显著增高趋势,分别为(1429.85±401.90)、(1425.70±383.31)、(1594.77±403.23)、(1709.11±399.05)cm/s;动脉硬化患病率依次升高,分别为15.40%、16.42%、27.97%、40.57%,组间趋势明显(趋势P     

Delayed and exaggerated postprandial complement component 3 response in familial combined hyperlipidemia

Very low density lipoprotein overproduction is the major metabolic characteristic in familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL). Peripheral handling of free fatty acids (FFAs) in vitro may be impaired in FCHL by decreased action of acylation-stimulating protein (ASP), which is identical to the immunologically inactive complement component 3a (C3adesArg). Because decreased FFA uptake by impaired complement component 3 (C3) response (as the precursor for ASP) may result in enhanced FFA flux to the liver in FCHL, we have evaluated postprandial C3 changes in vivo in FCHL patients. Accordingly, 10 untreated FCHL patients and 10 matched control subjects underwent an oral fat loading test. Fasting plasma C3 and ASP levels were higher in FCHL patients (1.33+/-0.09 g/L and 70.53+/-4.37 mmol/L, respectively) than in control subjects (0.91+/-0.03 g/L and 43.21+/-8.96 mmol/L, respectively; P=0.01 and P<0.05). In control subjects, C3 concentrations increased significantly after 4 hours (to 1.03+/-0.04 g/L). In FCHL, plasma C3 was unchanged after 4 hours. The earliest postprandial C3 rise in FCHL patients occurred after 8 hours (1.64+/-0.12 g/L). The maximal apolipoprotein B-48 concentration was reached after 6 hours in FCHL patients and control subjects. Postprandial FFA and hydroxybutyric acid (as a marker of hepatic FFA oxidation) were significantly higher in FCHL patients than in control subjects, and the early postprandial C3 rise was negatively correlated with the postprandial FFA and hydroxybutyric acid concentrations. The present data suggest an impaired postprandial plasma C3 response in FCHL patients, most likely as a result of a delayed response by C3, as the precursor for the biologically active ASP, acting on FFA metabolism. Therefore, an impaired postprandial C3 response may be associated with impaired peripheral postprandial FFA uptake and, consequently, lead to increased hepatic FFA flux and very low density lipoprotein overproduction.     

2型糖尿病患者应用甘精胰岛素治疗前后内脏脂肪素水平的变化

目的探讨应用甘精胰岛素治疗的2型糖尿病患者血浆内脏脂肪素（Visfatin）水平的变化与胰岛素抵抗及血糖的关系。方法共32例2型糖尿病患者,比较其治疗前后空腹（FPG）及餐后血糖（2hPG）、甘油三酯（TG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹胰岛素（Fins）、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、胰岛素分泌指数（HOMA-β）、Visfatin等相关指标。同时选择性别、年龄等相匹配的26名健康体检者作为对照组进行比较。结果32例糖尿病患者治疗前后的TG、FPG、2hPG、HbA]C、HOMA-IR、HOMA-13差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,治疗后Visfatin水平降低（P〈0．05）,与健康人相比,糖尿病患者Visfatin水平降低（Pd0．01）;Pearson相关分析显示Visfatin与HbA1C、Fins、HOMA-IR呈正相关（r=0．259,Pd0．05;r=0．586,P〈0．01;r=0．385,P〈0．01）。多元线性逐步回归分析表明HOMA-IR是血浆Vis—fatin的独立相关因素。结论2型糖尿病患者血浆Visfatin水平的变化与胰岛素抵抗及平均血糖有关,可能在糖尿病及胰岛素抵抗的发病机制中具有一定的作用。     

Postprandial changes in plasma acylcarnitine concentrations as markers of fatty acid flux in overweight and obesity

This study determined whether reductions in postprandial plasma nonesterified fatty acid (FFA) flux would lead to reductions in plasma acylcarnitine (AC) concentrations. Plasma AC was measured by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in the fasting state and over 6 hours after a high-fat (50% energy) meal was fed to 16 overweight and obese subjects with a wide range of insulin sensitivities. Body composition was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; insulin sensitivity by insulin-modified, frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test; substrate oxidation by indirect calorimetry; blood metabolite and hormone concentrations biochemically; and fatty acid flux by using stable isotope tracers. Lean body mass and fasting fat oxidation correlated positively (r > 0.522, P < .05), whereas glucose oxidation correlated negatively (r < -0.551, P < .04), with fasting AC. Postprandially, plasma glucose, insulin, and triglyceride concentrations increased; and FFA concentrations decreased significantly. The responses of plasma AC species depended on chain length and saturation, with C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0 remaining unchanged, and unsaturated species (eg, C14:1, C14:2) falling significantly (21%-46%, P < .03). Postmeal nadir AC concentrations were positively associated with lean body mass, postprandial fatty acid flux, and FFA concentrations (r > 0.515, P < .05). By contrast, nadir AC correlated negatively with insulin sensitivity and spillover of meal-derived fatty acids (r < -0.528, P < .04). Conditions that impact fatty acid flux contribute to the control of postprandial plasma AC concentrations. These data underscore the need for a better understanding of postprandial fatty acid oxidation and dietary fat delivery in the setting of adipose insulin resistance to determine how postprandial lipemia contributes to chronic disease risk.     

代谢综合征患者餐后血脂与颈动脉内膜中层厚度关系的探讨

目的探讨代谢综合征(MS)患者餐后血脂代谢情况及其与颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)的相关性。方法选择40名健康人为对照组,60例MS患者为MS组。MS组以空腹甘油三酯为标准(≥1.7mmol/L)分为两个亚组:空腹甘油三酯正常组(MS1)与空腹高甘油三酯组(MS2)。禁食12h后,分别接受高脂肪饮食,于空腹、餐后2、4、6h测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。使用彩超仪检测各组颈动脉IMT。结果餐后血清TG水平显著升高,浓度峰值是4h,TC、LDL-C、HDL-C无明显改变(P>0.05)。MS1组、MS2组餐后TG峰值浓度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。MS组颈动脉IMT明显增厚,MS1、MS2颈动脉IMT与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但MS1与MS2之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。直线相关分析示,年龄、体重指数、腰臀围比、TG0h、TG4h和收缩压均与颈动脉IMT呈显著正相关(r1=0.1513,r2=0.2111,r3=0.2312,r4=0.3441,r5=0.3765,r6=0.1839,P<0.05),且颈动脉IMT与TG4h的相关系数最大。结论MS患者脂肪餐后TG水平异常升高是其血脂代谢异常的重要内容之一,且餐后脂代谢异常常发生在空腹血脂异常之前,易引起动脉粥样硬化,故应常规检测MS患者的餐后血脂和颈动脉IMT。