67例胃癌合并胆囊结石同期手术的可行性分析

目的探讨胃癌合并胆囊结石同期手术治疗的可行性及安全性。方法对67例合并胆囊结石的胃癌患者同时行胃癌根治术加胆囊切除术（联合切除组）．并与同期70例行单纯胃癌根治术的患者（单纯切除组）进行对比分析。结果两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后3d引流量、住院时间、围手术期并发症的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。化疗结束3个月后,两组患者体质量、血浆总蛋白、血浆白蛋白的降低程度及远期并发症的差异亦无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论对合并胆囊结石的患者同时行胃癌根治术加胆囊切除术安全可行。     

96例手辅助腹腔镜胃癌根治性全胃切除术临床分析

目的探讨手辅助腹腔镜胃癌根治性全胃切除术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2012年5月至2016年5月行手辅助下腹腔镜胃癌根治术96例患者(手辅助组)临床资料,另选择同期行腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者100例为传统组,采用SPSS20软件包分析,术中术后指标均采用均数±标准差(x珋±s)进行描述,两组间比较采用t检验;并发症率发生率组间比较采用χ2检验;P0.05差异具有统计学意义。结果手辅助组手术时间显著少于传统组(t=22.012,P0.05),术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数量、淋巴结阳性数量、术后胃肠道功能恢复时间、术后进流食时间、术后开始下床活动时间、术后尿管留置天数、术后住院天数,两组相比差异均无统计学意义,P0.05;两组患者术后并发症情况,手辅助组发生率为10.2%,传统组发生率为8.0%,差异无统计学意义,P0.05。结论使用手辅助腹腔镜性胃癌根治性全胃切除术,可以减短手术时间,在手术效果和术后并发症上与传统腹腔镜手术无异,值得临床广泛推广使用。     

胃癌全胃切除术中行调节型双通道消化道重建对患者胆囊收缩功能及营养状况的影响

目的评价调节型双通道消化道重建在胃癌全胃切除术中的应用价值。方法接受全胃切除术治疗的胃癌病人82例,以随机数字表法将82例病人分为对照组41例,胃切除后行Roux-en-Y吻合术;观察组41例,胃切除后行调节型双通道消化道重建。观察两组病人手术及术后恢复情况,术前、术后3个月胆囊收缩功能及营养状况变化,术后并发症发生率。结果观察组消化道重建时间与对照组对比,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05),两组病人术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、术后排便时间及术后住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05);术前两组胆囊收缩功能及营养状况比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05),观察组术后3个月空腹胆囊体积、脂肪餐后胆囊体积、胆囊收缩率及血清总蛋白(TP)、血红蛋白(HGB)及白蛋白(ALB)水平与同期对照组对比,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05);观察组术后肺部感染、吻合口狭窄、吻合口出血发生率与对照组对比,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05);观察组术后倾倒综合征、反流性食管炎、胆囊结石发生率与对照组对比,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论应用调节型双通道消化道重建在胃癌根治术中,可改善病人营养状况,对胆囊收缩功能影响小,能明显减少术后并发症。     

胃癌合并胆囊疾病同期切除的可行性与安全性研究

目的 探讨合并胆囊疾病的胃癌患者同期行胃癌根治术及胆囊切除术的可行性及安全性。方法 1996-01—2011-01间中国人民解放军第二五四医院共手术治疗800例胃癌患者。将722例未合并胆囊疾病患者作为对照组,行根治性胃癌切除术。将78例合并有胆囊疾病的患者作为观察组,同期行根治性胃癌切除术和胆囊切除术。回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果 观察组的手术时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组患者术中出血量、住院时间、术后并发症发生率,术后3 d引流量、下床时间、术后排气时间及5 a生存率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 对合并有胆囊疾病的胃癌患者同期行胃癌根治术及胆囊切除术,安全可行。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除、胆道探查术效果观察

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除、胆道探查术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的效果。方法随机将50例胆囊结石并胆总管结石患者分为2组,各25例。对照组实施开腹手术,观察组行腹腔镜胆囊切除、胆道探查术。结果 2组治疗总费用差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组切口长度、术中出血量、手术时间及术后禁食时间、肛门排气时间、导尿管留置时间、并发症总发生率及住院时间等指标均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜胆囊切除、胆道探查术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石操作简便,且术中出血量及并发症少,有利于患者术后康复。     

胃癌合并慢性阻塞性肺病的腹腔镜手术疗效分析

探讨腹腔镜对胃癌合并慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的治疗效果。选取2010年6月—2014年5月我院胃癌合并COPD患者194例。按手术方式分为观察组和对照组,每组各97例。观察组行腹腔镜手术治疗,对照组行开腹手术治疗。比较两组手术情况和并发症发生率的差异。两组切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清除数量、肛门排气时间和住院时间等差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),肺不张、肺部感染、低氧血症等肺部并发症、吻合口瘘、切口感染和急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)等术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。腹腔镜胃癌根治术对胃癌合并COPD患者具有明显的治疗优势。     

腹腔镜胆总管探查术治疗胆总管结石合并胆囊结石

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆总管探查术( LC BDE)治疗胆总管结石合并胆囊结石的临床疗效和价值.方法 2006年7月至2010年6月期间对127例胆总管结石合并胆囊结石患者进行微创治疗.其中78例采用LCBDE+腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)治疗,49例采用内镜十二指肠括约肌切开术(EST) +LC治疗.比较二组的手术治疗成功率、术后并发症发生率、残余结石率、胃肠功能恢复时间、住院时间和费用等指标,并随访二组远期并发症发生率.结果 LCBDE+ LC组:手术成功率94.87％,术后并发症发生率5.41％.EST+LC组:手术成功率95.92％,术后并发症发生率12.77％.两组手术成功率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),术后并发症发生率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).手术时间、住院费用的比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).出院后随访1～5年,平均(3.2±0.8)年,LCBDE+LC组结石复发率、胆管积气发生率、反流性胆管炎发生率显著低于EST+LC组(P＜0.05).结论 LCBDE+LC是治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的安全、有效、可行的微创术式,对于适宜的患者行胆总管一期缝合更能体现微创的优势.     

胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者腹腔镜切除与胆管取石同期手术与分期手术效果比较

目的比较胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者腹腔镜切除与胆管取石同期手术与分期手术的效果。方法选择我院2013年1月~2016年3月期间收治的92例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表分为A组与B组。A组采取腹腔镜联合十二指肠镜一阶段法同期治疗(IO-ERCP/EST+LC),B组采取腹腔镜联合十二指肠镜两阶段法治疗(PreERCP/EST+LC)。比较两组手术完成率、结石清除率、手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症发生率、下床活动时间、排气时间、住院时间及住院费用。结果 A组与B组手术完成率分别为91.7%、95.5%,结石清除率分别为86.4%、84.1%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后下床活动时间及排气时间的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。A组、B组术后并发症总发生率分别为11.4%、9.5%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。A组住院时间与住院花费分别为(4.2±1.3)d、(2.4±0.6)万元,低于B组(5.9±1.5)d、(1.7±0.4)万元,差异统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜联合十二指肠镜同期治疗胆囊结石并胆总管结石与分期手术相比可减小手术创伤,缩短住院时间从而减少医疗花费,为安全、可行、经济的微创手术方式。     

腹腔镜辅助根治性全胃切除术效果观察

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助根治性全胃切除术的效果。方法选取60例接受根治性全胃切除术的胃癌患者,根据手术方式不同分为2组,各30例。对照组行开腹手术,观察组实施腹腔镜手术。比较2组的治疗效果。结果观察组手术时间长于对照组,术后肛门排气时间及术中出血量均短于或少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组淋巴结清扫数及并发症比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对胃癌患者实施腹腔镜辅助根治性全胃切除术,疗效显著,安全性高。     

血吸虫病肝纤维化门静脉高压合并胆囊结石的同期手术效果分析

目的探讨血吸虫病肝纤维化门静脉高压合并胆囊结石的同期手术效果。方法回顾性分析2010年3月至2013年3月收治的血吸虫病肝纤维化门静脉高压合并胆囊结石患者64例资料,按照手术时机不同分为同期手术组和择期手术组,每组各32例。同期手术组患者在行脾切除和贲门周围血管离断术的同时行一期胆囊切除手术,而择期手术组患者在脾切除和贲门周围血管离断术3个月后择期行胆囊切除术。使用SPSS20.0统计学软件进行统计处理,其中手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间等计量资料采用(x珋±s)表示,采取配对t检验;病死率及术后并发症发生率情况等采用百分率表示,结果采取χ~2检验,P0.05表示差异具有统计学意义。结果同期手术组患者手术时间及术中出血量均显著高于择期手术组患者,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.675,10.049,P0.05);同期手术组患者平均住院时间为(29.34±9.24)d,有2例死亡,但与择期手术组对比差异无统计学意义(t=0.859,χ~2=0.516,P0.05);同期手术组患者并发症发生率为27.59%(8/29),与择期手术组患者的20.00%(6/30)无统计学差异(χ~2=0.469,P0.05)。结论血吸虫病肝纤维化门静脉高压症手术与胆囊切除术同时进行虽然会延长手术时间,增加术中出血量,但并不会增加患者病死率及并发症的发生率,并且同期进行手术可减少二次手术带给患者的痛苦及负担,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

Cholelithiasis after gastric surgery--possibilities and limits of laparoscopic approach

An increased incidence of cholelithiasis has been widely reported after gastric surgery. In the early phase of patient selection, previous gastric surgery has been considered a relative contraindication to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Between 1999-2003, in our clinic, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was attempted on 3145 patients. Of these patients, 37 patients had gallstone, which occurred several years (mean 17.9 years) after gastric surgery for peptic ulcer (34 cases), gastric cancer (1 case) and hiatal hernia (2 cases). Surgical procedures that had been performed included Billroth I gastrectomy (14 cases), Billroth II gastrectomy (15 cases), truncal vagotomy and piloroplasty (6 cases), and Nissen (2 cases). On this group there were 19 chronic cholecystites, 17 acute cholecystites and one cholesterolosis with gallbladder polyps. One patient was diagnosed with gallstone in common bile duct, successfully removed preoperatively after endoscopic sphincterotomy. The laparoscopic approach was possible in 26 cases. The technical difficulty after Cuschieri was level III--26 patients and level IV--11 patients (reconversion). The mean operative time was 75 minutes. The postoperative evolution of the patients was good in 36 cases. One case had a biliary fistula. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.6 days for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and 9 days after conversion. The postoperative adhesions determine the main technical difficulty, but it proved to be a relative contraindication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones after gastric surgery. Clear visualization of anatomic structures and landmarks, and scrupulous hemostasis are needed to perform a safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy in these patients.     

Total gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy. Analysis of 100 consecutive patients

One hundred consecutive patients treated for gastric cancer by total gastrectomy from 1977 to 1982 at the second department of surgery of the Helsinki University Central Hospital were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 61.5 years. Gastroscopy proved to be diagnostically superior to roentgenographic examination, particularly in cases of proximally located cancer. The mean length of postoperative hospital stay was 19.7 days, and the hospital mortality was 8 percent. Respiratory complications accounted for nearly half of the complications, and postoperative intraabdominal complications were recorded in 15 patients. Reoperation was performed on eight patients during the initial hospital stay due to complications. The results suggest that total gastrectomy is a safe procedure with an acceptable mortality rate, and it can be recommended both as a curative and a palliative operation in patients with gastric cancer.     

Surgical technique of vagus nerve-preserving gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer

Preservation of the vagus nerve in curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer is important to maintain postoperative quality of life. We developed a vagus nerve-preserving gastrectomy with D2 dissection for patients with early gastric cancer and for selected patients with T2 cancer. Following lymph node dissection along the left gastric artery, the root of the left gastric artery was isolated and divided. The coeliac branch was followed retrogradely, and the posterior gastric branches were cut at their origins. The hepatic branch was also preserved. A total of 136 patients, including 27 cases of T2 cancer, underwent the vagus nerve-preserving gastric operation, and surgical anatomy of the coeliac branch was studied. In 110 cases, variations in the course of the coeliac branch were classified into three types according to its relationship with the left gastric artery: close to the artery (43 cases, 39.1%), intermediate (47 cases, 42.7%) and away from the artery (20 cases, 18.2%). In 115 patients who underwent vagus nerve-preserving distal gastrectomy (n = 93) or pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (n = 22), the postoperative bodyweight was 95.6 +/- 5.2% of the preoperative bodyweight, and the incidence of gallstone formation was 1.8% (2 of 113). A D2 dissection comparable with conventional D2 gastrectomy could be carried out using the vagus nerve-preserving technique. The coeliac branch could be preserved regardless of its anatomy, resulting in improvements in postoperative quality of life.     

快速康复外科模式在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中的应用

目的：评价快速康复外科（FTS）在接受择期手术的腹腔镜胃癌根治术（D2根治）患者中的安全性和有效性。方法：将68例拟接受择期腹腔镜手术的胃癌患者分为快速康复组和传统治疗组,每组34例。快速康复组围手术期接受快速康复方案处理,传统治疗组接受传统的围手术期处理。观察术后首次排气时间、术后住院时间、住院总费用及术后并发症等。结果：两组病人均痊愈出院。快速康复组患者与传统手术相比,首次排气时间提前、术后的住院时间缩短、住院总费用减少（P〈0．05）。术后并发症发生率没有增加（P〉0．05）。结论：快速康复外科模式在接受择期腹腔镜手术的胃癌患者中安全可行,加快了患者术后康复,缩短了术后住院时间,降低了医疗费用。     

残胃复发癌的再手术治疗

目的探讨残胃局部复发癌再手术治疗的临床意义。方法回顾性分析我院 1986～2 0 0 1年间收治的 5 1例残胃局部复发癌的临床资料。结果本组 5 1例中 ,复发局限于残胃者 31例 ,伴有转移的复发 2 0例。行根治性切除术 2 7例 ( 5 3% ) ,其中 16例行联合脏器切除术 ;行姑息性残胃全切术 3例 ,胃肠吻合、造口术 15例 ;单纯剖腹探查术 6例。 30例切除术后病理检查报告 :吻合口周围复发 10例 ,残胃复发癌 2 0例。根治性切除组术后 1、3、5年生存率分别为 88%、5 8%、19%。姑息性手术及综合治疗组的生存时间为 6～ 2 4个月 ,中位生存期为 16个月 ;单纯剖腹探查及腹腔化疗组均于 2～ 7个月内死亡。结论残胃局部复发癌以残胃、吻合口局部复发为主 ,具有较高的切除率 ,应积极行再手术治疗     

食管空肠重叠法三角吻合用于胃癌腹腔镜下全胃和近端胃切除的临床疗效

目的: 探讨食管空肠重叠法三角吻合在胃癌腹腔镜全胃和近端胃切除术中临床应用的可行性和安全性。方法: 回顾性分析2017年10月至2018年3月间9例胃癌病人腹腔镜胃切除的临床资料。4例近端胃癌病人行腹腔镜近端胃切除和双通道重建。1例近端胃癌和4例胃体癌病人行腹腔镜全胃切除和Roux-en-Y吻合。9例均采用食管空肠重叠法三角吻合（改良重叠法）。结果: 本研究病人食管空肠重叠法三角吻合均成功完成。总手术时间为（273.9±48.2） min。食管空肠重叠法三角吻合时间为（40.9±13.3） min。术中出血量为（58.9±43.4） mL,淋巴结清扫数为（27.1±11.8）枚。上、下切缘病理检查结果均未见癌残留。术后首次肛门排气时间为（2.5±0.9） d,进流质时间为（4.8±1.3） d,术后住院时间为（7.9±1.8） d。病人均无术后并发症发生。结论: 食管空肠重叠法三角吻合在胃癌腹腔镜全胃和近端胃切除术中的临床应用,可行且安全。     

快速康复在腹腔镜胃癌根治围手术期的临床应用

目的 评价快速康复外科（fast track surgery,FTS）理念在腹腔镜胃癌根治围手术期的临床应用.方法 收集2012年12月至2013年6月80例择期胃恶性肿瘤病人,随机分为快速康复组（FTS组）和传统治疗组.比较两组病人术后疼痛程度、排气时间、术后住院天数、并发症、住院费用及炎性因子白细胞介素（IL）6、IL-8、C反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）的差异.结果 FTS组病人术后疼痛评分和排气时间分别为（2.0±0.3）分和（55±3.3）h,低于对照组的（2.7±0.4）分和（72±6.5）h（P＜0.01）,术后住院时间和总费用分别为（5.6±0.6）d和（2.9±0.4）万元,均低于对照组的（7.5±0.7）d和（3.5±0.6）万元（P＜0.05）,术后炎性因子指标上升幅度较对照组均降低（P＜0.05）,两组术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 FTS理念应用于腹腔镜胃癌根治围手术期可减轻术后疼痛、减轻炎症应激反应、促进胃肠道功能恢复、缩短住院时间及降低总费用,加速了病人术后康复,值得临床推广应用.     

老年患者腹腔镜与开腹远端胃癌D_2根治术的疗效比较

目的:对比分析远端胃癌老年患者行腹腔镜或开腹D2根治术的近期疗效。方法:回顾分析2009年3月至2013年3月手术治疗96例远端胃癌老年患者的临床资料。根据手术方式分为腹腔镜组38例,开腹组58例。对比分析两组淋巴结清扫数量、手术时间、术中失血量、术后恢复、WBC、CRP、GPT、手术并发症等指标。结果:两组淋巴结清扫数量、手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。平均出血量、肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间、术后3天WBC、CRP、GPT两组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),腹腔镜组切口并发症、肺部感染及术后总并发症发生率优于开腹组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜D2根治术具有失血少、肠道功能恢复快、住院时间短、组织创伤小的优点,应用于老年远端胃癌患者是安全、可行的,具有微创优势,可满足肿瘤根治的要求。     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with a history of gastrectomy

PURPOSE: Previous gastrectomy has been considered a relative contraindication to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of LC in patients with a history of gastrectomy. METHODS: From a database of 1 104 consecutive patients with symptomatic gallstone disease, who underwent LC between April 1992 and January 2007, 51 (4.6%) had undergone previous gastrectomy: for gastric cancer (n = 36) or gastroduodenal ulcer (n = 15). We compared the operative time, blood loss, conversion rate, morbidity rate, diet resumption, and postoperative hospital stay between patients with, and those without, a history of gastrectomy. RESULTS: The incidence of common bile duct stones was significantly higher (33.3% vs 8.6%, P < 0.001) and operative time was significantly longer (111.2 min vs 77.9 min, P < 0.001) in the patients with a history of gastrectomy. There was no significant difference in operative time between the first-half and second-half periods. Conversion to an open cholecystectomy was required in two patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups in blood loss, conversion rate, morbidity rate, diet resumption, or postoperative hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease in patients with a history of gastrectomy, although previous gastrectomy is associated with an increased need for adhesiolysis and a longer operative time.     

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目的分析应用手术机器人系统进行胃癌全胃切除与食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术的安全性及有效性。方法回顾性分析2011年5～11月南京军区南京总医院对20例胃癌病人应用达芬奇手术机器人系统进行胃癌全胃根治切除与食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术的临床资料。结果 20例胃癌病人施行了全机器人全胃切除及食管空肠吻合术,其中男13例,女7例;年龄平均(57.8±6.5)岁。手术时间平均(245.5±53.0)min,出血量平均(75.5±50.3)mL。无术中并发症发生,术后无吻合口漏、出血、腹腔感染等并发症,仅1例病人术后发生输入袢肠梗阻,经再手术治疗后治愈。术后住院时间平均(6.4±2.5)d。结论手术机器人系统具有视野清晰、操作灵活精准,利用其进行全胃切除后食管空肠吻合术,操作简便可靠。应用手术机器人系统可能是进行食管空肠吻合的最佳解决方案。