髌骨外侧压迫综合征的关节镜下治疗

目的:探讨髌骨外侧压迫综合征的诊断和治疗方法。方法:本组32例(43膝),其中男性8例,女性24例,年龄34~61岁,平均46岁。临床表现明显,诊断较明确,采取了外侧支持带松解,部分患者采取软骨病灶微骨折术治疗。结果:诊断明确的所有病例经过手术治疗后,随访最长的3年,最短的半年,平均约1.5年,参照叶启彬等方法对患膝进行综合评价,优良率为95.4%。结论:髌骨外侧压迫综合征是一种常见病,外侧支持带松解(部分患者加软骨病灶微骨折术)治疗严重或反复发作的髌骨外侧压迫综合征,创伤小,效果满意,是一种比较好的方法。     

关节镜下髌骨外侧支持带松解治疗髌骨外侧高压综合征的临床研究

目的探讨并评估关节镜下松解髌骨外侧支持带治疗髌骨外侧高压综合征的临床疗效.方法回顾性分析我院近3年来关节镜下松解髌骨外侧支持带治疗的髌骨外侧高压综合征患者21例,手术前后采用Kujala评分、膝关节日常活动Lysholm评分以及视觉模拟疼痛评分( VAS)进行对比.结果术后所有病例均获得随访,平均随访7.5个月.Kujala评分从平均68.36±5.22提高到术后90.25±5.36;膝关节日常活动Lysholm评分从平均70.21±4.80提高到术后91.15±4.22,VSA评分由术前平均6.14±0.75降至1.86±0.92,经配对t检验,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且患者术后膝前区疼痛症状有明显改善.结论关节镜下髌骨外侧支持带松解治疗髌骨外侧高压综合征具有创伤小、并发症少、术后恢复快等特点,可有效减小外侧髌股关节间的压力,对保护软骨、缓解膝前区疼痛起到了积极作用,但临床应用中应严格把握其适用范围.     

髌骨半脱位的病因探讨和疗效观察(附61例报告)

目的　探讨髌骨半脱位的病因及手术治疗效果。方法　 6 1例 110膝髌骨半脱位患者髌骨的形态均为WibergⅡ、Ⅲ型 ,伴有外侧髌股关节骨关节病者 5 2例 98膝 ;高位髌骨 4 7例 94膝 ;外伤后股四头肌内侧头肌张力不良 5例 8膝。Q角 2 0°～ 35°。手术方式包括 :髌骨外侧支持带充分松解 (110膝 ) ;髌骨内侧支持带紧缩、股内侧肌头移位至髌骨前内侧 (8膝 ) ;髌骨外侧部分切除 (5 6膝 ) ;软骨成型、软骨下骨外露区域密集钻孔 (110膝 ) ;胫骨结节前、内侧移位 (98膝 ) :平均内移 1.0cm、前移 1.2cm。术中见全部病例髌骨外侧支持带均明显增厚。术后第 3日用每分钟次数 (CPM)开始膝关节屈伸功能锻炼。术后 1年局麻下取出内固定螺钉。结果　 6 1例均获得随访 ,平均随访 2 .5年。 5 3例 98膝 (89% )效果优良 :上、下楼梯和下蹲、站立时前膝痛症状消失或有明显的减轻 ,膝关节屈伸功能正常 ,能正常进行日常的工作和生活。 8例 12膝 (11% )效果较差 ,全部为髌股关节软骨严重磨损者 ,表现为前膝痛仍然明显。结论　髌骨半脱位病因主要与高位髌骨、过大的Q角、外侧支持带的挛缩肥厚、髌骨的发育类型以及股四头肌内侧头肌张力不良有关。根据病因及病理改变选择髌骨外侧支持带松解、股内侧肌头移位、髌骨外侧部分切除、胫骨     

习惯性髌骨脱位17例治疗体会

目的 探讨对习惯性髌骨脱位的不同综合手术治疗的临床效果.方法 对17例习惯性髌骨脱位患者分别采用膝关节外侧支持带松解并内侧紧缩术、膝关节外侧支持带松解并股内侧肌止点移位术、胫骨结节内移术等不同综合手术方法,最后评价疗效.结果 所有患者术后无明显并发症发生,随访3个月~2 a.其中效果优12膝,良7膝,差2膝,优良率近90%.结论 不同综合手术治疗习惯性髌骨脱位总体效果良好.但需具体病情具体分析,因人而异,采用不同综合手术治疗.     

髌外侧支持带松解内侧支持带紧缩联合Fulkerson截骨术治疗复发性髌骨脱位的临床研究

目的探讨髌外侧支持带松解内侧支持带紧缩联合Fulkerson截骨术治疗复发性髌骨脱位的手术效果,为该疾病的手术治疗提供有效参考。方法回顾性分析2004年3月-2010年3月,我院采用髌外侧支持带松解内侧支持带紧缩联合Fulkerson截骨术治疗的复发性髌骨脱位患者23例（26膝）。手术前后均采用Fulkerson评分表和膝关节日常活动评分表比较髌股关节功能恢复情况。此外,通过髌骨轴位X线片的检查,对反映髌股关节对合情况的相关参数指标进行测量并比较,其中包括：适合角（CA）、外侧髌股角（LPA）、髌股指数（PFI）、髌骨外移率（LS）。结果术后23例（26膝）均获得随访,随访时间6-70个月,平均随访时间为45.6个月。Fulkerson评分手术前后分别为58.36±12.90和83.25±8.36;膝关节日常活动评分手术前后分别为52.16±6.80和80.15±8.22,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,髌股关节功能有显著改善。手术前后通过对18例（20膝）患者髌骨轴位X线片相关参数指标测量比较：外侧髌股角（LPA）,适合角（CA）,髌股指数（PFI）,股骨滑车沟角（FEA）,髌骨外移率（LS）四项指标的差异也均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论髌外侧支持带松解内侧支持带紧缩联合Fulkerson截骨术治疗复发性髌骨脱位可纠正髌股关节的异常对合关系,减小髌股关节间的压力,对保护软骨、缓解膝前区疼痛起到了积极作用,极大地改善了髌股关节功能。     

复发性髌骨脱位的关节镜诊断与治疗

目的探讨复发性髌骨脱位的关节镜诊断和治疗。方法 2010年2月至2014年5月我院收治并采用关节镜治疗复发性髌骨脱位患者35例,左膝14例,右膝21例。术前行X线、CT、MR检查。采用Lysholm评分评价术前与术后膝关节功能。根据术前评估及术中关节镜检查情况采用不同术式：4例行关节镜下清理术加髌内侧支持带射频紧缩;9例行关节镜下清理加髌内侧支持带紧缩缝合术;22例行关节镜下清理加髌内侧支持带紧缩缝合及髌外侧支持带松解术。结果所有患者均获得随访,时间25-42个月,平均（28.2±4.3）个月。Lysholm评分,术后2年（94.2±3.6）分高于术前的（57.4±3.8）分,差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）,采用Insa评分标准,优18膝,良15膝,可2膝,差0膝,优良率94.3﹪。结论采用关节镜技术诊断和治疗复发性髌骨脱位具有创伤小、恢复快,操作方法简便,效果好等优点。     

关节镜辅助下治疗复发性髌骨脱位的康复治疗

目的:探讨分阶段规范康复治疗对关节镜辅助下外侧支持带松解、髌骨内下方半腱肌静力性加强治疗复发性髌骨脱位的效果。方法:对2003年4月～2004年9月收治的复发性髌骨脱位20例(26膝)患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中男性5例6膝,女性15例20膝,行关节镜下外侧支持带松解,胫骨结节内侧小切口切取半腱肌肌腱,游离远端,转移到位于髌骨内下方钻取的隧道内,穿隧道反折于髌骨表面,活动膝关节时拉紧肌腱并固定,加强髌骨内下方,术后分阶段开始规范康复治疗,用Insall评价标准来评价治疗效果。结果:随访20例26膝,时间4～12个月,平均6.5个月无复发,髌骨稳定,功能良好。结论:分阶段规范康复治疗可以提高关节镜辅助下外侧支持带松解、髌骨内下方半腱肌静力性加强治疗复发性髌骨脱位的效果。     

膝关节镜下外侧支持带松解及内侧支持带紧缩法治疗急性髌骨脱位

目的总结膝关节镜下外侧支持带松解及内侧支持带紧缩治疗急性髌骨脱位的疗效。方法对急性髌骨脱位16例17膝,在膝关节镜监视下施行松解外侧支持带,同时紧缩缝合内侧支持带术。结果所有病例均获得随访,随访时间6—37个月,平均20个月。所有病人均未发生再脱位,无残留髌骨不稳,关节活动度（ROM）正常,Lysholm评分96分。结论本术式具有创伤小、并发症少、功能恢复好、疗效确切等优点。     

关节镜治疗急性滑脱性髌股关节撞击综合征的临床疗效

目的探索膝关节镜治疗急性滑脱性髌股关节撞击综合征的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2006年8月至2009年12月该院骨科采用膝关节镜治疗急性滑脱性髌股关节撞击综合征19例患者的临床资料。结果本组3膝行清理术;13膝行清理术加髌骨内侧支持带缝合术;5膝行清理术加髌骨内侧支持带缝合术加外侧支持带松解术。全部患者均未发生血管、神经损伤和感染等并发症,无术后关节内出血而再次手术者。全部患者随访期内未再发生髌骨脱位,负重练习后无脱位恐惧感,术后12个月复诊时关节活动度均能恢复正常,18例(94.7%)患者术后12个月随诊时能恢复到受伤前的运动水平。采用Lysholm临床评分系统对膝关节功能进行评估,优17膝,良3膝,可1膝,优良率95.2%。结论采用关节镜技术治疗急性滑脱性髌股关节撞击综合征方法简便有效,应在临床推广使用。     

"三联术式"治疗习惯性髌骨脱位

目的:使用"三联术式"治疗习惯性髌骨脱位,观察胫骨结节内移、上移+外侧支持带松解+MPFL重建,三联术式治疗习惯性髌骨脱位的疗效.方法:我科自2015年-2018年对32例习惯性髌骨脱位患者行胫骨结节内移、上移+外侧支持带松解+MPFL重建三联术式治疗.其中单膝20例,双膝6例,男10人,女22人,年龄17-52岁.手术前后测量胫骨结节-股骨滑车沟距离(TT-TG),测量caton指数,其中30例获随访,时间24-36个月,使用Lysholm评分,术前(48.5±10.78)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后24个月为(85.13±6.21)分.Kujala评分,术前(42.31±12.57)分,术后24个月(83.51±6.37)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).患膝症状较术前明显好转,术前TT-TG=(32.51±2.21)mm,术后TT-TG=(10.02±2.13)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:外侧支持带松解+胫骨结节内移、上移+内侧髌股韧带重建三联术式能够有效恢复髌股关系,纠正习惯性髌骨脱位,改善膝关节症状,提高膝关节功能,也有助于膝关节软骨再生.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.