超声刀扁桃体切除术与低温等离子扁桃体切除术的对比研究

目的 探讨超声刀扁桃体切除术与低温等离子扁桃体切除术的优缺点、安全性及可行性。 方法 计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方数据库和Pubmed等数据库中国内外关于超声刀扁桃体切除术与低温等离子扁桃体切除术的随机对照试验。运用RevMan 5.3软件对两种手术方式在术中、术后指标进行Meta分析。 结果 共纳入8个随机对照试验,共722例患者。超声刀扁桃体切除术与低温等离子扁桃体切除术相比,术后出血率明显降低［SMD=0.30,95%CI(0.15, 0.600.11, 0.79), P=0.010 007］,而在手术时间、术中出血量、术后白膜开始脱落时间及术后疼痛评分等方面,超声刀组与等离子组差异无统计学意义。 结论 超声刀扁桃体切除可明显降低患者术后原发或继发出血的概率,改善患者术后的生活质量。     

软腭、舌根舌体低温等离子消融配合咽黏膜减张缝合治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

目的 探讨软腭、舌根舌体低温等离子消融配合咽黏膜减张缝合治疗中、重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的有效性。方法 38 例中度及42例重度OSAHS患者行软腭、舌根舌体低温等离子消融,将咽腭弓折返减张半荷包式缝合于扁桃体窝内,术前及术后6个月行睡眠监测、爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表(ESS)调查及咽腔测量。结果 80例患者均在术后6个月嗜睡状况改善,咽腔前后径、左右径扩大;睡眠结构得到明显改善。结论 咽黏膜减张缝合有效避免了咽腭弓术后撕裂、咽部黏膜重新松弛塌陷;软腭、舌根舌体低温等离子消融配合是治疗OSAHS的有效方法之一。     

等离子辅助悬雍垂腭咽成形术后重度咽狭窄的治疗

目的 分析等离子辅助悬雍垂腭咽成形术(UPPP)后重度咽狭窄形成原因,探讨最适合治疗方案。 方法 等离子辅助UPPP术后重度咽狭窄患者8例(单纯鼻咽狭窄5例,鼻咽和口咽联合狭窄3例),分别采用瘢痕切除、临近黏膜瓣修复创面、口咽狭窄横切纵缝、放置鼻咽支架6个月以上的方法治疗。疗效评估方式,术前和术后的(1)主观症状评分变化;(2)狭窄咽腔扩大情况。 结果 随访1~4.5年,7例术后鼻咽气道最大直径约2 cm,症状评分明显改善,1例术后再狭窄目前佩戴鼻咽支架治疗中。 结论 低温等离子辅助UPPP操作不当可引起严重咽狭窄,通过手术,同时放置鼻咽支架,是较理想的咽狭窄治疗方法。     

三种手术方式在改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术中的疗效对比

目的 探讨应用超声刀、低温等离子刀以及传统方法进行改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术(H-UPPP)治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAHS)的不同效果,并加以分析。方法 将需行H-UPPP的OSAHS患者分成超声刀组(A组)、低温等离子刀组(B组) 及传统组(C组),各42例。在静吸复合麻醉插管下,A组应用超声刀,B组应用改良低温等离子刀,C组应用传统方法,行改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术。对比三组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、术后疼痛程度、术后效果以及并发症的情况。结果 A、B组术中出血量明显少于C组,手术时间缩短明显,术后疼痛较轻,术后并发症及手术效果差异无统计学意义。结论 超声刀、低温等离子刀辅助下悬雍垂腭咽成形术术中出血少、手术时间缩短、术后反应小,其中低温等离子刀术后反应更小。     

三种不同扁桃体切除术疗效比较

目的 探讨比较冷器械切除+缝合术、单极电凝切除术、等离子射频术三种不同手术方法切除扁桃体的疗效。 方法 将扁桃体切除术患者分为三组,冷器械切除+缝合术(A组)65例;单极电凝切除术(B组)40例;等离子射频切除术(C组)38例。记录扁桃体切除手术总时间、术中出血量、疼痛评分,术后复查时观察扁桃体白膜状况。 结果 A、B、C三组的平均手术时间分别为58.8 min、27.0 min、23.7 min;术中平均出血量分别为34.2 mL、16.1 mL、12.5 mL;术后3 h和术后第1天的疼痛评分之间,差异均有统计学意义。 结论 与冷器械切除+缝合术和单极电凝切除术相比,等离子射频术切除扁桃体费用较高,但其手术时间短,术中出血量少,术后疼痛程度小。     

低温等离子刀、超声刀及传统方式行扁桃体切除术的术后两年随访比较

目的 通过对低温等离子刀、超声刀及传统方式行扁桃体切除术的患者进行2年随访,探讨三种手术方式的术后疗效差异。 方法 对行上述三种手术方式的86例患者在扁桃体切除术后6个月、1年及2年进行随访,观察术后扁桃体残体大小及黏膜炎症情况,并使用自制问卷调查咽部症状及满意度等信息。 结果 术后1年及2年随访时,低温等离子刀组和传统组的扁桃体上极残体评分较超声刀组要低,而低温等离子刀组和超声刀组的扁桃体下极残体评分则较传统组要低;术后6个月随访时低温等离子刀组和超声刀组的咽干症状均较传统组明显;术后2年随访时低温等离子刀组和超声刀组的患者满意度较传统组更高,而且传统组患者的咽部异物感更为明显;以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。另外术后1年及2年随访时,三组患者的咽干症状、扁桃体窝黏膜慢性炎症程度、咽痛频率及术后下呼吸道感染发生次数均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。 结论 相较于传统方式而言,使用低温等离子刀切除扁桃体的患者术后扁桃体残体发生率低,除短期术后易发生咽干外,中长期咽部不适症状较轻,患者满意度较高。超声刀方式优点与低温等离子刀相近,但在术中要注意对扁桃体上极的处理,防止其残留。     

低温等离子射频扁桃体部分切除术及全切术治疗儿童OSAHS的疗效比较

目的:比较低温等离子射频扁桃体部分切除术及全切术治疗OSAHS的短期疗效差异。方法:将并发扁桃体肥大的160例OSAHS患儿随机分为2组:实验组行腺样体切除联合扁桃体部分切除术,对照组行扁桃体全切术;对术前术后的睡眠监测结果、疼痛评分、术后并发症等进行比较。结果:实验组和对照组术后1周和术后3个月的睡眠监测结果较术前均有明显改善,且2组之间各项指标术后同期比较差异无统计学意义。术后4d实验组较对照组疼痛评分较低,差异有统计学意义,术后5～10d疼痛差异无统计学意义。2组患儿创面假膜脱落时间差异无统计学意义,对照组有8例术后1周内继发出血,16例术后半年舌根及咽后壁淋巴组织代偿性增生,而实验组无类似并发症发生。结论:低温等离子射频扁桃体部分切除具有出血少、术后睡眠呼吸阻塞症状改善明显、术区疼痛反应较轻、可保留原有扁桃体的生理功能等特点,适用于各年龄段扁桃体为增生肥大病变的OSAHS患儿。     

儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征等离子

目的 探讨儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)低温等离子消融术后并发症产生原因,总结并发症处理方案及预后。 方法 2007年10月至2017年6月,行低温等离子消融手术的OSAHS患儿3 106例,均在全麻下行腺样体等离子消融术,伴或不伴扁桃体切除术。统计3 106例患儿中术后出血、发热、腭咽弓穿孔、鼻腔反流等并发症的患者数量,分析原因。 结果 3 106例中术后出血76例(2.44%),再次全麻手术止血12例,手术止血后送PICU,原因为失血过多行输血治疗1例,止血术前麻醉时出现呕吐物窒息并抢救1例;术后1周内出现体温超过38.5 ℃的患儿44例,经对症处理后体温正常。术后患儿出现腭咽弓穿孔5例,因患者无症状未做特殊处理,穿孔自行愈合3例。腭瘘患者术后出现进食时鼻腔反流1例,经保守治疗后愈合。 结论 儿童OSAHS低温等离子消融术后并发症发生率较低,但如果处理不恰当可造成严重后果,甚至可危及患儿生命。临床上应注意预防并发症发生,妥善处理,尽量减轻并发症给患者带来的伤害。     

可调式支撑喉镜辅助治疗难治性扁桃体术后出血

目的 用可调式支撑喉镜辅助治疗由常规开口器难以处理的扁桃体术后出血,为临床提供更便捷的治疗手段。 方法 对11例扁桃体切除术后出血患者,因出血点暴露不清,改以可调式支撑喉镜辅助查找出血点并进行止血。 结果 可调式支撑喉镜视野清晰,充分地暴露隐蔽而深在的出血点,可快速止血,明显缩短在院观察时间。 结论 可调式支撑喉镜用来辅助查找扁桃体术后出血点是可靠的方法,尤其适用于位置移深、出血点暴露不清的扁桃体创面出血,为治疗扁桃体术后出血提供可选方式。     

成年人扁桃体切除术三种手术方式的临床比较

目的 比较分析成年人3种扁桃体切除术的临床应用价值。 方法 将90例行扁桃体切除术的患者分为等离子扁桃体切除术组(等离子组)、电刀扁桃体切除术组(电刀组)、常规扁桃体剥离术组(剥离组),各30例,记录各组手术时间、术中及术后出血量、术后咽痛程度、住院医疗费用等。 结果 3组手术时间、术中出血量、术后1~4 d咽痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),其中等离子组和电刀组手术时间、术中出血量及VAS评分明显少于剥离组(P<0.001),而等离子组与电刀组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。剥离组术后见原发性出血1例,等离子组及电刀组未见术后出血发生。3组护理及检疗费、术后用药费比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);电刀组及剥离组住院总费用明显低于等离子组(P<0.001),而电刀组与剥离组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 成年人扁桃体切除术各有优势及不足,临床应根据疾病特点、患者意愿和经济能力、手术者技术水平以及医疗器械等因素选择最恰当的,从而达到最佳治疗效果。     

低温等离子刀对比双极电凝镊在扁桃体切除术中治疗效果观察

目的分析变应性鼻炎(AR)患者接受鼻腔冲洗治疗的临床疗效。方法将2019年6月~2020年8月作为研究时间段,选取期间我院接诊的78例AR患者,另将随机数字表法作为分组依据,将全部病例分为对照组(行常规治疗,纳入39例)、研究组(加用鼻腔冲洗治疗,纳入39例),对组间气道反应性、症状消失时间展开分析。结果(1)组间气道反应性指标在治疗前无明显差异,P>0.05;研究组共振频率(Fres)、中心气道阻力(R20)、气道总阻力(R5)在治疗后低于对照组,P<0.05;(2)研究组鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏、鼻痒消失时间均少于对照组,P<0.05。结论鼻腔冲洗对改善AR患者气道反应、临床症状均有明显效果,值得推广。     

Can mucosal sealing reduce tonsillectomy pain?

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: The hypothesis tests whether sealing the tonsillectomy field with posterior pillar mucosa can prevent unwanted outcomes in pediatric tonsillectomy. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, single blinded study was conducted on a sample of 39 children between 3 and 15 years of age. After dissection and snare tonsillectomy, the tonsillar fossa was covered on one side using the palatopharyngus mucosa and the other side is used as control. Pain scores, healing, edema and infection at the operation site were investigated. METHODS: The tonsillectomy sites were randomly assigned into one of two groups. First group contained the ones with mucosal flap sealed over the operation site and the second group was kept as control with the operation site left uncovered. All of the patients received mild analgesics. The pain assessment is done on Days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 postoperatively, by using Wong-Baker faces visual analog scale. On the 10th postoperative day, the operation field of each side is scored separately for edema, healing and infection. Statistical investigation was performed through a software program. RESULTS: On first postoperative day, pain level difference was not statistically significant between the two groups (p>0.01). But from 3rd to 10th postoperative day, the pain level was found out to be lower in the mucosa sealed site (p<0.01). On the 10th postoperative day, while the edema was significantly more (p<0.01), healing was better (p<0.01) at the sutured site. Postoperative infection at operation site was not different between the groups (p>0.01). CONCLUSION: Covering tonsillectomy field with mucosal palatopharyngeal arch flap significantly reduces pain after third postoperative day. The flap side had better healing when compared to denuded site. But the sutures in the mucosal flap may cause more tissue edema. Sutures have no significant effect on postoperative infection. Thus, mucosal flap may be used as an adjuvant surgical technique to decrease tonsillectomy pain of children in addition to the analgesic medication.     

Advantage and disadvantage of KTP-532 laser tonsillectomy compared with conventional method

Objective: The purpose of this prospective study is to define the advantages and disadvantages of KTP laser tonsillectomy compared with those of the conventional method. Methods: Eighteen adult patients (ten male and eight female, ranging in age from 14 to 44 years) underwent KTP-532 laser tonsillectomy on one side and standard dissection surgery on the other side under general anesthesia. Results: By KTP laser tonsillectomy, there was a reduction in intraoperative blood loss and average time for removing one tonsil. On the second day of tonsillectomy, subjective pain on the KTP laser surgery side was less than that on the conventional surgery side. By the days 5–8, however, this effect disappeared and many patients indicated the laser side was more painful. There was no postoperative bleeding after KTP laser tonsillectomy. Laser surgery appeared to lead to slow wound healing during the whole post-operative course with significant difference compared with the conventional method. Disadvantages of postoperative pain and the possibility of secondary infection due to slow wound healing could be prevented by application of antibiotics and an anodyne. Conclusion: Considering safety and reliability during surgery, KTP laser was considered useful for adult tonsillectomy.     

Thermal welding versus cold dissection tonsillectomy: a prospective, randomized, single-blind study in adult patients

OBJECTIVES: We performed a single-blind, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study to compare the rates of postoperative morbidity in adults undergoing thermal welding tonsillectomy versus cold dissection tonsillectomy. METHODS: Thirty-two adults with recurrent tonsillitis who were scheduled for elective tonsillectomy were randomized to either thermal welding or cold dissection tonsillectomy groups. The main outcome measures included intraoperative blood loss, intensity of postoperative pain expressed on a 10-cm visual analog scale (with 0 representing no pain and 10 representing the worst possible pain), day of cessation of significant pain (ie, a pain score of at least 7), and presence of postoperative hemorrhage estimated on a 3-point scale (with 0 representing no bleeding, 1 representing minor bleeding, and 2 representing major bleeding). Additional outcome measures included total analgesic requirements, last day of receipt of analgesics, presence of nausea and/or vomiting, and wound healing after 10 days of surgery. RESULTS: The rate of intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower in the thermal welding group (p < .0001). Patients who had thermal welding tonsillectomy also showed a general trend toward lower pain scores, and this difference was statistically significant from the first to the fourth postoperative days (p < .05). Cessation of significant pain also occurred 3 days earlier in this group (p < .05). No significant difference was observed regarding pain medication, nausea and/or vomiting, postoperative hemorrhage, or wound healing. CONCLUSIONS: Thermal welding tonsillectomy is a relatively safe and reliable method with significantly less postoperative morbidity than cold dissection tonsillectomy.     

缝合腭弓对扁桃体术后出血影响的临床研究

目的 客观评价缝合腭弓在减少扁桃体术后出血中的作用.方法 回顾性分析2013年1月至2019年10月行成人扁桃体切除术患者234例,所有患者均在全麻下行低温等离子扁桃体切除术,其中125例患者为预防术后出血行双侧腭弓缝合(观察组),另109例患者未行腭弓缝合(对照组),观察与记录术后出血情况.结果 观察组和对照组原发性...     

Effect of cold-water cooling of tonsillar fossa and pharyngeal mucosa on post-tonsillectomy pain

Purpose

Post-tonsillectomy pain is a notable concern and thermal injury produced by electric surgical devices is considered a main cause. Intraoperative cooling of the tonsillar fossa and pharyngeal mucosa with cold water has effectively reduced postoperative pain, but no studies have fully evaluated the effects of this technique with a proper study design. We assessed mucosal cooling in two groups of patients undergoing the same surgical technique by a single surgeon, with one group receiving cold-water cooling and the other group as a control.

Methods

Forty patients who underwent monopolar electrocautery tonsillectomy were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 20 for each group). Group 1 received cooling of the tonsillar fossa and pharyngeal mucosa with 4 °C saline just after removal of each tonsil whereas Group 2 did not receive cooling. Postoperative pain was recorded on operation day and 1, 2, 4, 7, and 10 days postoperatively. Post-tonsillectomy pain, return to normal diet, and incidence of postoperative bleeding were compared between the groups.

Results

Post-tonsillectomy pain on 6 selected days and overall pain during the 10-day follow-up period were significantly lower in Group 1. However, return to normal diet and incidence of postoperative bleeding did not differ significantly between the groups.

Conclusions

Intraoperative application of cold water after tonsillectomy significantly reduced postoperative pain. We recommend cooling the tonsillar fossa and pharyngeal mucosa with cold water during tonsillectomy to easily and effectively reduce post-tonsillectomy pain.     

经鼻内镜鼻前庭囊肿去顶+低温等离子囊壁消隔术治疗鼻前庭囊肿42例临床观察

目的 研究经鼻内镜鼻前庭囊肿去顶+低温等离子囊壁消隔术治疗鼻前庭囊肿的临床效果。 方法 选择84例鼻前庭囊肿患者,按随机数字表法分为A组与B组,各42例。A组采取内镜监视下低温等离子术,B组采取传统齿龈沟径路行囊肿切除。比较两组手术时间,术中出血量,伤口愈合时间,术后12、24、48 h时的疼痛VAS评分,术后1个月内并发症总发生率,随访期间并发症与复发情况。 结果 A组手术时间、手术出血量与伤口愈合时间分别为(21.02±5.98)min、(13.55±4.01)mL、(3.52±1.02)d,B组分别为(38.96±8.24)min、(51.88±9.30)mL、(5.97±2.16)d,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。A组术后12、24、48 h疼痛VAS评分均低于B组(P均<0.05)。A组近期并发症总发生率为4.76%,低于B组的19.05%(P<0.05)。两组术后随访期间并发症总发生率分别为2.38%和7.14%,复发率分别为0和4.76%,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。 结论 经鼻内镜鼻前庭囊肿去顶+低温等离子囊壁消隔术具有鼻内镜及低温等离子的双重优势,操作简单、术后疼痛轻、并发症少,效果优于经齿龈沟径路囊肿切除。     

The efficacy of honey for ameliorating pain after tonsillectomy: a meta-analysis

Postoperative pain and wound healing following tonsillectomy can result in dissatisfaction for the patient. However, there is no consensus on whether postoperatively administered honey effectively reduces morbidity after tonsillectomy. Therefore, a systematic review with a meta-analysis of the efficacy of honey as a treatment for postoperative pain and wound healing was performed. Two authors independently searched the database records (MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases) dating from inception to June 2014. Studies comparing postoperative oral administration of honey with administration of placebo where the outcomes of interest were pain and wound healing on postoperative days were included. Baseline study characteristics, study quality, numbers of patients in steroid-treated and control groups, and treatment outcomes were extracted. Sufficient data for meta-analysis were retrieved from 4 trials with a total of 264 patients. We analyzed patient-reported pain scores and quantities of administered analgesics during the first 5 postoperative days. The pain score was significantly decreased in the honey-treated patients in comparison with the placebo-treated patients on postoperative day 1 only, but the analgesic intake of the honey-treated patients on the first 5 postoperative days was significantly less than that of the placebo-treated patients. In addition, honey significantly increased tonsillectomy bed wound healing in comparison with placebo during the first 2 weeks after surgery. This meta-analysis shows that postoperative administration of honey after tonsillectomy significantly reduces pain and promotes wound healing. Further trials comparing honey with good research methodology should be conducted to confirm these results.