新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情心理危机干预步骤——Response模式

本文目的是为服务于本次新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的广大心理援助者提供专业的指导和建议。根据临床工作和既往危机干预经验,本文详细介绍了进行危机干预的Response模型。Response模式包括8个步骤:建立治疗关系、评估、制定解决方案、优先排序、实证方法、价值中立、主观判断和退出。该模式在强调建立良好治疗关系的前提下,也强调心理援助者需要具备和疫情相关的基础知识,并进行准确评估、运用循证的心理治疗方法对求助者的核心诉求进行干预。本文将逐一讨论Response模型的干预步骤,供专业同行参考。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情心理危机干预中的"三安"原则

本文通过简要分析新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情给不同人群造成的身心影响,提出适用于疫情防控心理危机干预的"三安"原则,以期帮助受影响的群众顺利渡过疫情心理难关,促进身心康复。     

《新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情紧急心理危机干预指导原则》专家解析

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情是一次突发的公共卫生危机事件,不仅威胁人们的身体健康,也会给大众带来心理冲击,引起相应的心理行为问题。2020年1月26日,国家下发《新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情紧急心理危机干预指导原则》,本文从由谁提供(心理危机干预服务)、给谁提供、提供什么、怎么提供、注意事项5个方面对上述指导原则总体内容进行概括整理,并提出几点思考,以帮助提供相关服务的精神心理工作人员更好地理解和实施指导原则。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎3例患者遭受网络暴力的心理干预

本文中报道的3例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者均为30多岁年轻女性,入院后在遭受个人私生活方面的网络暴力伤害后,出现明显的情绪应激反应,如抑郁状态、急性应激障碍、分离性障碍。我们采用短程、个体化、综合性心理干预,包括支持、鼓励、倾听、安全确认、宣泄、心理暗示、激发内在潜能等对患者进行心理干预,其中例3患者在进行心理干预的同时辅以...     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间护士焦虑状况及相关因素调查

目的调查新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间护士的焦虑情绪及影响因素,为对其给予心理支持提供参考。方法采用方便取样方法,于2020年1月29日-2月5日通过电子问卷的形式对2 104名护士进行调查。采用自制调查表收集护士的一般资料,使用广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)评估其焦虑症状。结果 GAD-7评分总体情况:无焦虑症状1 186人(56. 4%),轻度665人(31. 6%),中度149人(7. 1%),重度104人(4. 9%)。不同婚姻状况、工作年限、工作省份(是否在湖北省)、是否在新型冠状病毒肺炎专门收治病房工作和是否曾接受心理调适的护士GAD-7评分差异均有统计学意义(P均<0. 01)。回归分析显示,婚姻状况(β=0. 597,95%CI:0. 156~1. 038,P<0. 01)、工作省份(是否在湖北省)(β=3. 119,95%CI:1. 967~4. 272,P<0. 05)和曾接受过心理调适(β=0. 508,95%CI:0. 083~0. 934,P<0. 05)是影响GAD-7评分的因素。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,护士群体普遍出现不同程度的焦虑情绪,尤其应关注已婚、在疫情爆发地区工作以及曾经接受过心理调适的易感个体。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对卒中住院患者认知功能及心理状态的影响

目的 分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情对卒中住院患者认知功能和心理状态的影响.方法 本研究回顾性纳入2020年1月1日-4月30日COVID-19疫情期间于首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经内科住院的卒中患者作为观察组,以2019年1月1日-4月30日同科室住...     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控期间帕金森病患者综合管理策略专家共识

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情已爆发1个月余,虽有所减轻,但仍有反弹风险,相关防控措施预计不会很快解除,非急、危、重症患者尽量避免去医院就诊的指导意见仍将持续一段时间。帕金森病(Parkinson disease,PD)是老年人常见的慢性非传染性疾病(后文简称“慢病”),其诊断需要与时俱进的修正,治疗中出现的剂末恶化、异动症、幻觉等病情变化需要及时调整治疗方案,疫情期间对PD等慢病患者的管理带来挑战。为了更好地指导PD患者居家管理,减少感染新型冠状病毒风险,及时识别和处理PD可能的异常情况与急症,中华医学会神经病学分会帕金森病及运动障碍学组、中国医师协会帕金森病及运动障碍专业委员会撰写了本共识,旨在帮助PD患者平稳度过疫情,减缓疫情对生活质量的影响。     

新冠肺炎疫情下网络心理危机干预模式在一线医护人员中的建构

本研究目的是探讨网络心理危机干预的平衡模式、认知模式、心理社会转变模式在新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情防控一线医护人员中的应用价值和具体实施方法,以期减轻一线医护人员的心理应激反应,提高其心理健康水平,使其积极投入到临床工作中。     

新冠肺炎疫情期间的心理评估和创伤后应激障碍的预防

本文目的是为广大心理援助者介绍新冠肺炎疫情期间对大众进行心理评估的方法。目前心理援助者急需掌握对精神障碍诊断和风险评估的方法,故本文对心理评估中的关键点和侧重点进行了介绍。从评估情绪和行为的基本状态、是否患有某种精神障碍、是否有自杀风险、是否已发展为创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)以及如何预防发展为PTSD的具体方法进行了探讨。     

The Psychological Hotline Services Quality Survey during the Pandemic of COVID-19 in Mainland China

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has provoked a significant amount of panic due to dramatic changes in daily routines for residents all over China. In response, more than 600 psychological hotlines have been built ormodified and have supplied mental health services for the public. Regarding the service quality of the hotlines, a survey has been conducted to investigate the running of hotline services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results reveal that the more successful hotlines all had better trained hotline counselors, and in the meanwhile, the key features of providing supervision arrangements and training resources. Moreover, the referral list should be adjusted according to the accessibility of the recourses during the pandemic.     

Experiences of Counselors Who Provided Psychological Support during COVID-19 Disaster: A Qualitative Study

Background: In crisis intervention sites such as infectious disease disasters, counselors are repeatedly exposed, directly or indirectly, to the traumatic experiences of victims. Disaster counseling has a negative effect on counselors, which can eventually interfere with the counseling process for disaster victims. Therefore, exploring and understanding the experiences of counselors is necessary to ensure that qualitative counseling for disaster victims can be continuously and efficiently conducted. Objectives: This study investigated the experiences of counselors who participated in mental health counseling as psychological support for victims of the COVID-19 disaster in Korea. Design: This is a qualitative study. Participants: The study participants comprised 18 counselors who had mental health professional qualifications of level 2 or higher and who had provided mental health counseling for COVID-19 confirmed cases and quarantined persons. Methods: Data were collected using focus group interviews from February 21 to May 29, 2021. The duration of each interview was 60–90 min, and the data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: The final theme was “Continuing to walk this road anytime, anywhere.” The participants’ experiences were identified in four sub-themes: “being deployed to unprepared counseling,” “encountering various difficulties,” “feeling full of meaning and value,” and “hoping to become a better counselor.” Conclusions: In order to continuously provide qualitative counseling in case of an infectious disease disaster such as COVID-19, it is important to develop a qualification and competency strengthening program through education and training to secure the crisis intervention expertise of counselors according to the characteristics of the disaster. In addition, a psychological support manual for each disaster should be prepared at the national level according to the type of disaster.     

Loneliness of residents in retirement homes during the COVID-19 crisis

In their effort to prevent the spread of infections, retirement homes have been forced to limit physical interaction between residents and the outside world and to drastically reduce their residents’ activities, decisions which are likely to increase loneliness in residents. To investigate this issue, we evaluated loneliness in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) living in retirement homes in France during the COVID-19 crisis. The study included 63 participants with mild AD. Participants were invited to complete the following statement “During the social distancing, I feel” with one of the three options: not at all alone, somewhat alone, or very alone. Most of the participants answered “somewhat alone”, suggesting a significant level of loneliness during the crisis. While it serves to prevent infections, social distancing in retirement homes is likely to result in significant loneliness in residents. Because loneliness may increase cognitive decline in AD, it to pressing to prepare social programs/activities that promote contact between residents of retirement homes and the outside world as soon as the confinement is lifted.     

新冠肺炎密切接触者集中隔离医学观察期的心理健康状况

目的 探讨新冠肺炎密切接触者在隔离医学观察期间的焦虑、抑郁、失眠情况及其影响因素,为后续开展有针对性的心理危机干预提供参考.方法 于2020年2月6日-8日,采用自编一般资料调查表、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)和失眠严重指数量表(ISI)对雅安市4个区县的136名接受隔离医学观察的新冠肺炎密切接触者进行调查.结果 检出...     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下非一线医务人员的焦虑抑郁情绪

目的调查新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下非一线医务人员的焦虑、抑郁情绪,并探讨其可能原因及对策。方法采用随机抽样方法选取四川省某三甲医院432名医务人员作为研究对象,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对其焦虑、抑郁症状进行评定,并通过单因素分析寻找高危人群。结果非一线医务人员SAS评分为(39. 04±8. 47)分,焦虑症状检出率为12. 3%;SDS评分为(42. 57±11. 29)分,抑郁症状检出率为22. 2%。单因素分析显示,女性SAS、SDS评分均高于男性(t=3. 119,P=0. 002;t=3. 233,P=0. 001),女性焦虑症状检出率高于男性(χ2=6. 391,P=0. 012),护士SAS、SDS评分高于医生(t=3. 477,P=0. 001;t=2. 733,P=0. 007)。结论在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下,非一线医务人员的焦虑、抑郁症状检出率较高,女性和护士是出现焦虑、抑郁情绪的高危人群。