类风湿关节炎病人致动脉粥样硬化指数及黏附分子水平的变化

目的通过比较类风湿关节炎病人致动脉粥样硬化指数(AIP)和黏附分子(AM)的水平,研究RA病人中血清AIP和黏附分子的关系。方法测定60例RA病人中血清AIP和可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)、可溶性血管细胞间黏附分子-1(sVCAM-1)、E-选择素(E-selectin)的水平,并分别比较血沉、C反应蛋白(CRP)、指标,分析各指标间的相关性。结果与正常对照组比较,RA病人AIP水平有明显升高(0.83±0.31比0.21±0.18,P0.01)。RA病人血清sVCAM-1、sICAM-1、E-选择素与正常对照组比较有明显升高(P0.01。RA病人血清中的sVCAM-1、s-ICAM与AIP呈正相关(r=0.727,P0.01;r=0.501,P0.01),而E选择素与AIP之间无相关性。结论 RA病人致动脉粥样硬化指数和血清黏附分子水平明显增高,且s-VCAM、s-ICAM与AIP呈正相关。提示sVCAM-1、sICAM-1可能与RA病人动脉粥样硬化的发生起着一定的作用。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者血清可溶性黏附分子的检测

目的检测系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者血清黏附分子中可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1(sVCAM-1)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)的水平,并探讨其临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法,检测30名健康人和60例SLE患者血清sVCAM-1、sICAM-1水平,以分析其与SLE活动性变化关系。结果①SLE患者血清sVCAM-1平均水平为2342ng/ml,显著高于正常人对照组1240ng/ml(P<0.001)。②SLE患者中血清sICAM-1平均水平为802ng/ml,显著高于正常人对照组626ng/ml(P<0.001)。③SLE患者中,血清sVCAM-1水平活动期高于稳定期(P<0.05),sICAM-水平活动期高于稳定期(P<0.05)。④SLE组血清sVCAM-1和sICAM-1水平与SLE病情活动指数(SLEDAI)、抗dsDNA抗体水平及尿蛋白的发生呈正相关,与血清补体C3水平呈负相关。结论sVCAM-1,sICAM-1可能参与SLE发病机制。     

原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者血清可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1和可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1的表达及其临床意义

目的 检测原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)患者血清中可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1(sVCAM-1)及可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)的表达,并探讨其临床意义.方法用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定27例PBC患者及20例对照组血清sVCAM-1、sICAM-1的含量,分别比较PBC患者child-pugh分级各级别上述因子表达水平.结果 PBC患者血清sVCAM-1和sICAM-1水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05);child-pugh分级B、C级患者血清sVCAM-1和sICAM-1水平高于A级(P<0.05).结论sVCAM-1、sICAM-1参与了PBC的病理生理过程,与疾病分级相关,血清8VCAM-1、sICAM-1含量增高可作为原发性胆汁性肝硬化肝损害的判断指标.     

氟伐他汀对心力衰竭患者血清可溶性细胞黏附分子的影响

目的:观察氟伐他汀短期治疗对充血性心力衰竭(congestive heart failure,CHF)患者血清中可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)、可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1(sVCAM-1)、可溶性选择素E(sE- selectin)、可溶性选择素P(sP- selectin)和可溶性选择素L(sL- selectin)水平的影响,探讨氟伐他汀对CHF的治疗作用.方法:将70例CHF患者随机分为常规治疗组和干预组(氟伐他汀组).正常对照组20例.采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定其治疗前后血清中sICAM-1、sVCAM-1、sE- selectin、sP- selectin和sL- selectin水平.结果:血清可溶性细胞黏附分子(soluble cell adhesion molecules ,sCAM)水平在心功能Ⅳ级明显高于心功能Ⅱ、Ⅲ级患者,而心功能Ⅱ、Ⅲ级之间比较差异无统计学意义,心功能Ⅱ-Ⅳ级的患者sCAM水平均高于正常对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01).常规治疗组和干预组治疗后血清sCAM水平均较治疗前有显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),但干预组较常规治疗组仅sVCAM-1和sE- selectin下降水平显著(P<0.05),余各血清sCAM水平组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:CHF患者血清sCAM水平下降主要与心功能改善相关,在CHF常规治疗的基础上短期加用氟伐他汀治疗能降低sVCAM-1和sE-selectin水平.     

糖尿病肾病与血清VEGF、SICAM-1水平表达的关系

目的研究血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子(sICAM-1)水平与糖尿病肾病(DN)的相关性。方法利用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定89例糖尿病(DM)患者血清VEGF、sICAM-1浓度。结果①3组患者血清VEGF、sICAM-1浓度明显增高,与对照组比较有非常显著差异(均P<0.01);②在DM组患者,血清中VEGF与sICAM-1浓度呈正相关(r=0.763,P<0.01);血清VEGF浓度与尿白蛋白分泌率(UAER)升高呈正相关(r=0.757,P<0.01);血清sICAM-1浓度与UAER升高呈正相关(r=0.765,P<0.01)。结论血清中VEGF,sICAM-1水平在不同时期DN患者中有不同程度增高,提示VEGF与sICAM-1在DN的发生发展中起重要作用,并有可能成为监测DN病情变化的有效指标之一。     

sICAM-1、sVCAM-1在急性动脉硬化性脑梗死中的临床意义

目的:探讨可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)及可溶性血管细胞间黏附分子-1(sVCAM-1)在急性动脉硬化性脑梗死中的临床意义。方法:研究对象分为急性脑梗死组(n=60例)及对照组(n=28例),检测所有受试者血清sICAM-1、sVCAM-1水平,分析二者与脑梗死面积及临床转归之间的关系。结果:急性脑梗死患者血清sICAM-1、sVCAM-1水平显著高于对照组(P<0.01),二者与梗死面积大小呈正相关;而不同转归组之间二者含量无显著差别。结论:sICAM-1、sVCAM-1参与脑梗死炎症过程,可预示脑梗死严重程度。     

康复运动对心衰患者血浆可溶性粘附分子水平的影响

目的:通过观察充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者运动训练前、后血浆可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1(sICAM-1)、血管细胞粘附分子-1(sVCAM-1)和E-选择素(sE-selectin)水平的变化,探讨其临床意义。方法:用ELISA法检测23例CHF患者6 min步行运动试验前、后血浆sICAM-1、sVCAM-1、sE-selectin水平,并以20例健康体检者作为对照,18例患者运动训练一个月后进行了随访。结果:CHF患者基础状态血浆sICAM-1、sVCAM-1和sE-selectin水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05-<0.01),且sICAM-1、sVCAM-1水平与心功能密切相关(P<0.05);运动后即刻sICAM-1、sVCAM-1水平较运动前升高(P<0.05),而sE-selectin水平运动前、后无显著性差异;康复训练一月后,无论基础状态还是运动后,sICAM-1、sVCAM-1水平较前次实验明显降低(P<0.05),而sE-selectin水平无显著性变化。结论:CHF患者血浆可溶性粘附分子水平较正常升高,6 min步行运动试验升高CHF患者血浆sICAM-1、sVCAM-1水平,接近日常生活活动强度的运动训练可降低该二者水平。     

2型糖尿病肾病患者血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1水平变化及意义

采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法测定60例2型糖尿病患者(观察组)和20例正常人(对照组)血清可溶性黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)水平,并对其与尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、肌酐(Cr)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)等指标进行相关性分析.结果 观察组血清sICAM-1水平较对照组明显升高(P<0.05),其水平与UAER、代、TG呈正相关(P均<0.05).提示sICAM-1参与糖尿病肾损害的发生;其可作为判断糖尿病肾损害程度的指标.     

自身免疫性肝炎和原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者检测可溶性细胞间黏附分子1的临床价值

目的探讨原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)和自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)患者中检测可溶性细胞间黏附分子1(sICAM-1)的临床价值。方法选择2012年6月-2013年9月住院及门诊就诊的PBC患者61例,其中初发患者29例,缓解期患者21例,复发患者11例;AIH患者共59例,其中初发患者26例,缓解期患者20例,复发患者13例。健康对照50例。血清sICAM-1测定方法为双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法,采用生物化学酶法测定血清ALT、TBil。各组间比较采用方差分析,相关性采用Pearson相关分析。结果PBC患者中,初发组和复发组sICAM-1水平均明显高于缓解组和对照组(P均=0.000);初发组和复发组之间sICAM-1水平差异无统计学意义(P=0.484);缓解组sICAM-1水平高于对照组(P=0.000);AIH患者中,初发组和复发组sICAM-1水平均明显高于缓解组和对照组(P均=0.000);初发组和复发组之间sICAM-1水平差异无统计学意义(P=0.802);缓解组和对照组之间sICAM-1水平差异无统计学意义(P=0.281);PBC、AIH患者血清sICAM-1与ALT呈正相关(r=0.664,P=0.000;r=0.784,P=0.000);PBC、AIH患者血清sICAM-1与TBil呈正相关(r=0.715,P=0.000;r=0.580,P=0.000)。结论 sICAM-1可能参与PBC、AIH的免疫损伤机制,PBC、AIH患者血清sICAM-1水平升高程度与肝损害严重程度有密切关系,临床上动态观察其血清水平的变化,可望在病情活动评估、判断预后、指导治疗中起重要作用。     

不同糖耐量状态下血清抵抗素和可溶性细胞间黏附分子质量浓度的变化

目的 探讨不同糖耐量状态下血清抵抗素(resistin)与可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)质量浓度的变化。 方法 2004-04～09在中国医科大学第一临床学院对52例2型糖尿病患者(DM组)、18例糖耐量异常(IGT)组及30例健康对照(NCT)组,采用酶联免疫分析法检测空腹血清resistin及sICAM-1质量浓度;同时检测空腹血糖、胰岛素及血脂水平;并以稳态模型计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。 结果 IGT组resistin明显高于DM组及NCT组(P均＜0.05);DM和IGT组sICAM-1均高于NCT组(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);DM组、IGT组HOMA-IR明显高于NCT组(P＜0.01)。 结论 res     

Platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 and CD146: soluble levels and in situ expression of cellular adhesion molecules implicated in the cohesion of endothelial cells in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

OBJECTIVE: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by chronic inflammation of muscles. We investigated the role of cellular adhesion molecules implicated in the cohesion of endothelial cells in IIM. METHODS: In 22 patients with IIM we investigated plasma concentrations of soluble junctional adhesion molecules [platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (sPECAM-1) and sCD146] and cellular adhesion molecules [sP-selectin, sE-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1)] implicated in leukocyte/endothelial cell interactions. Results were compared to a control group. Muscle biopsy samples from 8 out of 22 IIM patients were studied by immunohistochemistry for tissue expression of these molecules and compared to normal muscle samples. PECAM-1 and CD146 expression was also studied using immunoblots from muscle biopsies from 5 patients and 2 controls. RESULTS: We observed distinct patterns of soluble levels and in situ expression between dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), and sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM). PM samples showed significantly increased levels of sCD146, sPECAM-1, and s-ICAM1 and increased expression of CD146, CD31, and ICAM-1 in endothelial cells, whereas CD146 and ICAM-1 were also recorded in some muscle fibers. In DM, sE-selectin, sP-selectin, and sPECAM-1 were significantly increased, with abnormal expression of ICAM-1 in endothelial cells and perifascicular muscle fibers. In the small group of s-IBM samples, results were similar to PM, but the only significant increase was the level of sPECAM-1. Immunoblots confirmed increased expression of PECAM-1 and CD146 in all IIM muscles in comparison to controls, with the highest expression in PM and IBM samples. CONCLUSION: We observed abnormal increases of soluble levels of adhesion molecules implicated in endothelial cell junctions in PM (sCD146, sPECAM-1) and to a lesser extent in DM and s-IBM (sPECAM-1). We conclude that the distinctly different profiles between PM/s-IBM and DM reflect differences in the pathophysiological background of these diseases.     

Soluble adhesion molecules in pediatric rheumatic diseases

OBJECTIVE: To determine serum levels of adhesion molecules ICAM-1, ICAM-3, VCAM-1, L-selectin, and E-selectin in children with a variety of pediatric rheumatic diseases and investigate their relationship to clinical disease activity. METHODS: Retrospective review of records of 18 children with rheumatic diseases who had banked sera available for study. Eight children had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 2 mixed connective tissue disease, 4 dermatomyositis (DM), and 4 various forms of vasculitis. Levels of the soluble adhesion molecules were determined by sandwich ELISA. Levels were compared among patients with the various diagnoses and between patients with active vs inactive disease. Levels were also correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate in all patients; C3, C4, and total hemolytic complements and anti-dsDNA antibodies in SLE; and creatine phosphokinase, aldolase, and von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen levels in DM. Levels also correlated with disease activity scores, which varied by diagnosis. RESULTS: A trend toward higher levels of sE-selectin was found in vasculitis vs other diagnoses (p = 0.08). sICAM-1 was higher in patients with active vs inactive disease (p = 0.05) across all diagnoses. L-selectin levels correlated with C4 complement levels in SLE patients (r = 0.76, p = 0.03), and there was a trend toward an inverse correlation between levels of sE-selectin and vWF (r = -0.93, p = 0.08). There was no direct correlation of the adhesion molecule levels with any of the disease activity scores. CONCLUSION: The small number of patients and retrospective design of this study mean that any results must be interpreted with caution. We conclude: (1) Elevated E-selectin levels in vasculitis likely reflect the high degree of endothelial activation and possibly overt vascular damage in those conditions. (2) The correlation of sL-selectin with C4 in SLE may indicate that downregulation of shedding of cell surface L-selectin is involved in continued adherence of leukocytes to endothelium, possibly causing further damage and immune complex deposition in this condition. (3) The trend toward inverse correlation between sE-selectin and vWF:Ag in DM is curious, but may show that the role of endothelium in the pathophysiology of this disease is different from those such as vasculitis. (4) Levels of sICAM- I may be a useful marker of active vs quiescent disease in general in the pediatric rheumatic diseases, although lack of correlation with disease activity indices may indicate that it is too insensitive to smaller differences in disease activity to be recommended for routine clinical use.     

Circulating levels of soluble E-selectin, P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

OBJECTIVE: To measure circulating levels of soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), sP-selectin, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in patients with active juvenile idiopathic arthritides (JIA), and to evaluate their correlation with disease activity variables and cytokine levels. METHODS: Serum levels of sE-selectin, sP-selectin, and sICAM-1 were measured by ELISA in 42 patients with JIA and in 15 healthy controls. RESULTS: Circulating levels of sE-selectin and sICAM-1, but not sP-selectin, were significantly elevated in patients with active systemic JIA. In patients with active polyarticular or pauciarticular JIA serum levels of sE-selectin. sP-selectin, and sICAM-1 were comparable to those of controls. In patients with systemic JIA, levels of sE-selectin and sICAM-1 were significantly correlated with levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2), but not with those of interleukin 6 (IL-6) or IL-1beta. CONCLUSION: Patients with active systemic JIA have elevated circulating levels of sE-selectin and sICAM-1. The correlation with sTNFR2, together with previous data on the TNF system in systemic JIA. suggests that TNF activated endothelial cells are the source of sE-selectin and sICAM-1 in this disease.     

Elevated levels of circulating adhesion molecules in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis

OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have indicated the importance of cell adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory lung diseases. Our study was designed to determine whether five soluble adhesion molecules including soluble L-, E- and P-selectin (sL-, sE- and sP-selectin), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in serum reflect the severity of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and whether there is a distinct profile of these soluble molecules in this disease. METHODOLOGY: Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we measured the serum levels of these five soluble adhesion molecules in 31 patients with active TB and 11 healthy volunteers. RESULTS: Serum levels of sE-selectin, sP-selectin and sICAM-1, but not sL-selectin or sVCAM-1, were significantly higher in patients with active TB than in the control subjects (P < 0.001, each). Significant correlations were detected only between serum levels of sE-selectin and sP-selectin, sE-selectin and sICAM-1, and sP-selectin and sICAM-1. There was a significant correlation between the Gaffky scale result (a scale assessing the number of mycobacteria bacilli present) and all of the above adhesion molecules, except for sL-selectin. Serum levels of sE-selectin, sL-selectin and sICAM-1 also correlated with the CXR radiological score. Higher levels of sL-selectin and sICAM-1 were detected in the serum of patients with radiological cavity formation compared to those without. The ESR, C-reactive protein and circulating neutrophil counts all correlated significantly with sE-selectin, sP-selectin, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that there is a distinct profile of soluble adhesion molecules in active pulmonary TB and that sE-selectin, sP-selectin, and especially sICAM-1 appear to be the most sensitive clinical measures of disease severity.     

Soluble adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with distinct variants of rheumatoid synovitis

BACKGROUND: Cell adhesion molecules and endothelial growth factors have an important role in the infiltrating of rheumatoid synovium with mononuclear cells, leading to the initiation and progression of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the serum profile of soluble adhesion molecules and of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is associated with the histological appearance of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), E-selectin (sE-selectin), and VEGF were assessed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 40 patients with RA and 32 patients with osteoarthritis (OA). RESULTS: Histological analysis of synovium specimens distinguished two types of rheumatoid synovitis. Twenty four RA samples presented diffuse infiltrates of mononuclear cells without any further microanatomical organisation, whereas in the remaining 16 samples lymphocytic follicles with germinal centre-like structures were identified. In comparison with patients with OA, constituting a control group, higher serum concentrations of sICAM-1 (p<0.001), sVCAM-1 (p<0.001), sE-selectin (p<0.01), and VEGF (p<0.001) were detected in patients with RA. Raised concentrations of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and VEGF dominated in the serum of patients with RA with follicular synovitis compared with those with diffuse synovitis (p<0.01 for all comparisons). The serum concentrations of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and VEGF correlated with markers of disease activity such as the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C reactive protein levels. Furthermore, the clinical data analysed in our study indicated that patients with RA with follicular synovitis tend to have more severe disease. CONCLUSIONS: The distinct histological appearances of rheumatoid synovitis associated with different serum profiles of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and VEGF reflect varied clinical activity of the disease and confirm RA heterogeneity. Patients with different histological forms of synovitis may respond differently to the treatment regimens.     

Plasma concentrations of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 are elevated in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria and overt nephropathy.

AIMS: Elevated urinary albumin excretion is associated with macrovascular atherosclerotic complications in Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Adhesion molecules mediate leucocyte adhesion to the endothelium early in the atherosclerotic process. The present study tests the hypothesis that microalbuminuria and diabetic nephropathy are associated with elevated plasma concentrations of soluble vascular adhesion molecule (sVCAM)-1, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1, and soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) aiming to illustrate factors of potential pathogenetic relevance for the excess cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients with renal complications. METHODS: Soluble adhesion molecule concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in healthy controls (n = 16) and in 59 Type 1 diabetic patients: group 1-patients with normoalbuminuria (n = 16); group 2-patients with microalbuminuria (n = 15); group 3-patients with macroalbuminuria and normal serum creatinine (n = 15), group 4-patients with macroalbuminuria and moderately elevated serum creatinine (n = 13). RESULTS: Plasma concentrations of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were similar in healthy controls and normoalbuminuric Type 1 diabetic patients, but the concentrations were increased by the presence of microalbuminuria and overt nephropathy (P < 0.001 and P < 0.0001, ANOVA). Concentrations of sE-selectin did not differ between diabetic patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma concentration of sICAM-1 is elevated in Type 1 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and the concentrations of sICAM-1 as well as sVCAM-1 are elevated in patients with macroalbuminuria and normal s-creatinine. The elevated plasma concentrations of these soluble adhesion molecule concentrations in patients with renal complication can be of pathogenetic importance for the development of atherosclerosis and plasma soluble adhesion molecule concentrations may provide additional information on cardiovascular risk.     

A distinct profile of six soluble adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, ICAM-3, VCAM-1, E-selectin, L-selectin and P-selectin) in rheumatoid arthritis

Soluble forms of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, L-selectin, P-selectin and, more recently, ICAM-3 are known to exist in human serum and have elevated levels in numerous diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the levels of circulating sICAM-1 and sE-selectin are elevated relative to healthy controls. We have compared the serum profiles of these six soluble adhesion molecules in patients with RA (n = 22) to those seen in healthy controls (n = 10) using sandwich ELISA. In the patients, there were significant elevations of serum sICAM-1 (P < 0.0001), sICAM-3 (P = 0.0327), sVCAM-1 (P = 0.0025), sL-selectin (P = 0.0194) and sP-selectin (P = 0.0025), but not E-selectin (P = 0.0672). However, only sP- selectin was found to correlate with disease activity in the patients (r = 0.461, P < 0.05). Thus, there is a distinct profile of soluble adhesion molecules in RA of which only sP-selectin correlates with disease activity.      

Relationship between insulin resistance, soluble adhesion molecules, and mononuclear cell binding in healthy volunteers.

The relationship between insulin resistance, soluble adhesion molecules E-selectin (sE-selectin), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), mononuclear cell binding to cultured endothelium, and lipoprotein concentrations were evaluated in 28 healthy, nondiabetic, and normotensive individuals. The mean (+/-SEM) lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were within the normal rage: cholesterol (199 +/- 18 mg/dL); triglyceride (128 +/- 12 mg/dL); low-density cholesterol (127 +/- 8 mg/dL; and high-density cholesterol (47 +/- 3 mg/dL). The results indicated that degree of insulin resistance was significantly correlated with concentrations of sE-selectin (r = 0.54, P < 0.005), sICAM-1 (r = 0.67, P < 0.001), and sVCAM-1 (r = 0.41, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the relationship between insulin resistance and both sE-selectin and sI-CAM-1 remained statistically significant when adjusted for differences in age, gender, body mass index, and all measures of lipoprotein concentrations. Finally, mononuclear cell binding correlated significantly with concentrations of sE-selectin (r = 0.54, P < 0.005) and sICAM-1 (r = 0.47, P < 0.01). These findings raise the possibility that previously described relationships between soluble adhesion molecules in patients with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia may be due to the presence of insulin resistance in these clinical syndromes and suggests that insulin resistance may predispose individuals to coronary heart disease by activation of cellular adhesion molecules.     

Correlation between soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 level and extracellular superoxide dismutase activity in rheumatoid arthritis: a possible association with disease activity

OBJECTIVE: We investigated serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and the activity of extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We also considered whether there was a correlation between sICAM-1 and EC-SOD and disease activity. METHODS: Levels of sICAM-1 were measured in serum from 42 patients with active RA and 30 control subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). EC-SOD activity was determined in sera isolated from patients with active RA and from controls. RESULTS: The serum levels of sICAM-1 were significantly higher in patients with RA than in control subjects (p<0.001). In contrast, the activity of EC-SOD was significantly lower in RA patients than in healthy controls (p<0.001). A significant negative correlation was found between the levels of sICAM-1 and EC-SOD activity (r=-0.39, p<0.01). There was a statistically positive correlation between sICAM-1 levels with Ritchie articular index (RAI) score and C-reactive protein (CRP) (r=0.32, p<0.05; r=0.44, p<0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the increased levels of sICAM-1 present in active RA patients might be due to the decreased activity of EC-SOD, and increased levels of sICAM-1 may also reflect disease status or activity.     

Elevated levels of soluble adhesion molecules in sera and BAL fluid of individuals infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1

STUDY OBJECTIVE: T-lymphocytic alveolitis and increased levels of interleukin-2 receptor-alpha (CD25)-bearing T cells in the BAL fluid (BALF) of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers have been reported. Several chemokines and adhesion molecules may contribute to the accumulation of T lymphocytes in the lungs of HTLV-1 carriers. To clarify the correlation between adhesion molecules and HTLV-1-associated pulmonary disorders, we compared the distribution of T-lymphocyte subsets and soluble adhesion molecules, including soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble L-selectin (sL-selectin), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin), in BALF and peripheral blood, between HTLV-1 carriers and noninfected healthy subjects. DESIGN: Flow cytometric analysis with monoclonal antibodies to cell-surface antigens was used to identify T-lymphocyte subsets in BALF samples from HTLV-1 carriers (n = 13) and noninfected healthy control subjects (n = 10). The levels of various soluble adhesion molecules in serum and in BALF were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Higher percentages of CD3+ cells, CD3-expressing human leukocyte antigen-DR antigen, and CD3+CD25+ cells were detected in the BALF of HTLV-1 carriers than in that of noninfected control subjects. The concentrations of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, sL-selectin, SE- selectin, and sP-selectin in the sera of patients were significantly higher than those in noninfected healthy control subjects. The concentration of sICAM-1 in the BALF of patients was significantly higher than that in noninfected healthy control subjects, and the concentration of sICAM-1 correlated well with the percentage of CD3+CD25+ cells. CONCLUSION: The concentrations of adhesion molecules in the sera of and sICAM-1 in the BALF of HTLV-1 carriers were significantly higher than those in noninfected individuals, and the concentration of sICAM-1 correlated well with the percentage of CD3+CD25+ cells in BALF. Our results suggest a possible interaction between activated T cells bearing CD25 and soluble adhesion molecules, especially sICAM-1, which may contribute to the pulmonary involvement in HTLV-1 carriers.