血管镜直视下Guo静脉壁外瓣膜修复成形术

作者利用血管镜直视诊断和直视监控手术操作的先进性能，首次设计并经２０例初步临床应用，表明血管直视下Ｇｕｏ静脉壁外瓣修复成形术的主要适应症是股浅静脉瓣缺乏而Ｇｕｏ静脉具备修复成形术的组织基础，血管可以直视确诊瓣膜功能不全的程度，直视诊察瓣膜的形态结构，为瓣膜修复成形术提供了可靠的依据；避免了切开静脉壁和瓣膜损伤，减少了术后血栓形成的机率。     

血管镜下股浅静脉瓣膜修复成形术12例分析

目的 探讨血管镜直视下股浅静脉壁外瓣膜修复术治疗深静脉瓣膜功能不全的可行性和效果。方法 通过血管镜从大隐静脉断端导入至股浅静脉第1对瓣膜近侧，同时阻断股总、股深、股浅静脉，应用含肝素的冲洗液建立清晰水柱，直接观察瓣膜的形态、缺损和变形的程度，对12例原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全患者实施直视下壁外静脉瓣膜成形术。结果 12例术后行静脉顺行造影证实9例患肢股浅静脉第1对瓣膜返流基本消失，3例静脉瓣膜返流明显改善，无静脉血栓和其他并发症。结论 血管镜直视下行股浅静脉瓣膜壁外修复术准确有效、微创和安全。     

血管镜直视下股浅静脉壁外瓣膜修复成形术

针对原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的病变特点，作者设计并实行了血管镜直视下股浅静脉壁外瓣膜修复成形术。该手术的适应证主要为瓣膜先天发育完善，但受致病因素作用瓣叶发生皱褶脱垂，瓣叶间出现不规则裂隙，瓣环存在不同程度的扩张。此手术的优点主要有：（１）血管镜可以确诊瓣膜功能不全的程度，并直视诊察瓣膜的结构状态，为瓣膜修复成形术提供可靠的依据。（２）此手术避免了切开静脉壁和暴露瓣膜，减少了术后血栓形成的机率。同时由于手术在正常静脉腔截面积视野中进行，术者易于准确把握瓣膜缩缝矫正的程度。（３）本手术克服了Ｋｉｓｔｎｅｒ静脉壁外瓣膜修复成形术的盲目性，变经验性非直视术为直视性修复成形术，可直视诊察瓣叶间裂隙在修复术前后的变化过程。经对１８例成年患者（２０条下肢）临床应用观察，近期疗效良好。     

血管镜直视下股浅静脉壁外瓣膜修复成形术

作者首次设计并实行了血管镜直视下股浅静脉壁外瓣膜修复成形术，该手术的适应证主要为瓣膜先发育完善，但受致病因素作用瓣叶发生皱褶脱垂，瓣叶间出现不规划裂隙，瓣证存在不同程度的扩张。该手术主要针对股浅静脉浅静脉第一对瓣膜功能不全而设计，但也可尝试应用于脉瓣膜的修复成形，并可应用于多可瓣膜的修复。此手术的优点主要有：（１）血管镜可以确诊瓣膜功能不全的程序，为瓣膜修复成形术提供可靠的依据；（２）此手术避免了     

血管镜下股浅静脉壁外瓣膜修复成形术后血液流体力学的研究

对４５例接受血管镜下股浅静脉壁外瓣腹修复成形术的患者，以血管镜直视观察，影像学检查，双向彩超检查，空气体积描记检查，动态静脉压力检测及临床观察等综合指标对该手术的疗效进行全面观察。结果表明：（１）该手术在结构上可以矫正瓣膜关闭不全，在功能上可以消除异常的血液返液，在临床上可以消除患者的症状体征，这种结构、功能和临床表现的高度统一有力地证明该手术具有确实可靠的疗效；（２）血管镜不仅能直视监控瓣膜成形     

鼻咽镜下股浅静脉瓣膜修复成形术

原发性股浅静脉瓣膜功能不全是下肢静脉倒流性疾病的重要原因之一 ,其病变部位主要集中在股浅静脉瓣膜区。特征有 :瓣环扩张、瓣叶游离缘松弛、瓣叶不能在血管腔正中紧密对合并有效制止血液倒流[1] 。针对这一特点 ,我们用自制的“血管镜”即 :纤维鼻咽镜 腹腔镜监视系统 ,实施了直视下股浅静脉瓣膜修复成形术 ,初步观察效果良好。资料与方法1.一般资料 :1999年 6月至 2 0 0 0年 5月 ,实施鼻咽镜下股浅静脉瓣膜探查术 15例 ,其中男性 9例 ,女性 6例 ,年龄36～ 6 0岁。除 2例瓣膜情况较差外 ,13例行股浅静脉瓣膜壁外修复成形术。术前均诊断…     

深静脉瓣膜重建术治疗下肢静脉倒流性疾病

为综合评价切开瓣膜修复术、静脉瓣戴戒术和静脉外肌袢成形术三种深静脉瓣膜重建手术的适应证与疗效，对１９９２年１月～１９９６年６月收治的６２例下肢静脉倒流性疾病患者进行了临床研究。全部患者均有不同程度的浅静脉曲张及下肢酸胀感，其中肿胀３０例，足靴区色素沉着２８例，溃疡１４例。病程为１年～３０年，平均１４．６年。１４例患者采用股浅静脉第１对瓣膜戴戒术，１例患者采用股浅静脉切开瓣膜修复术，４７例患者采用月国静脉外肌袢成形术。术后平均随访２０个月，所有患者症状缓解，１４例溃疡均愈合，无一例复发。结果表明：①戴戒术和瓣膜修补术适用于深静脉瓣膜功能不全倒流Ⅰ级～Ⅱ级；②肌袢成形术适用于深静脉瓣膜功能不全倒流Ⅲ级～Ⅳ级或先天性瓣膜功能缺陷；③戴戒材料宽度应增加到２ｃｍ；④对双股静脉畸形的原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全，应同时行双股浅静脉第１对瓣膜戴戒术。认为，对月国静脉分支较多者仍可施行月国静脉外肌袢成形术，只要术中仔细操作，同样可取得优良效果     

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194 8年 ,Bauer[1] 曾总结一组下肢静脉逆行造影的结果 ,发现其中 5 0 %病例无深静脉血栓形成征象而有深静脉瓣膜关闭不全。 2 0世纪 70年代 ,Kistner提出了非静脉血栓形成后继发的深静脉瓣膜关闭不全的概念 ,并命名为原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜关闭不全 (primarydeepvenousinsufficien cy ,PDVI) [1,2 ] 。此后 ,国内外不少学者从实验和临床等方面对PDVI的病因和发病机理进行研究。本文就目前常用的静脉壁外瓣膜重建术介绍如下。1　静脉瓣膜重建术发展史静脉重建术的发展远较动脉重建术为迟[2 ,3 ] ,静脉瓣膜重建术起步更晚。 190 6年 ,Car…     

血管内电凝瓣膜修复治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的手术探讨

目的探讨股部小切口修复静脉瓣膜、血管内电凝曲张静脉治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的微创手术方法。方法选择67例原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的病人,在硬膜外麻醉或腰麻下取股部小切口,行第一对股浅静脉瓣膜外修复,同时利用40 W手术电刀对迂曲扩张的浅静脉进行血管内电凝。总结手术入路和手术体会。结果患者术后7 d拆线,股部小切口愈合良好,下肢曲张浅静脉消失,无淋巴漏等并发症发生;随访1~5年,超声多普勒检查电凝后的大隐静脉和曲张浅静脉均已闭合,无曲张静脉复发现象,但有2例瓣膜修复处术后3年有轻度返流。结论股部小切口修复瓣膜结合血管内电凝曲张静脉,是一种较好的治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的微创手术方法,操作简便、创伤小、恢复快、并发症少,值得推广应用。     

《第七届全国静脉外科新技术应用学习班》的报名表（回执）

广州中山大学附属第一医院（原中山医科大学附属第一医院）血管外科率先在国内开展经皮浅静脉连续环形缝扎术，治疗下肢静脉曲张时的小腿表浅曲张静脉、股静脉瓣膜外修复成形术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全，其后又开展了腔镜深筋膜下结扎交通静脉治疗慢性下肢静脉溃疡，临床研究和诊治水平达国内外先进水平。     

Reconstructive venous valve surgery]

The indication for venous valves surgery has to consider morphological and functional aspects. 36 reconstructive valve repair procedures and the long-term results are reported. The procedures need surgical skill and a meticulous operation technique. Primary idiopathic valvular incompetence can be treated with a direct valvuloplasty (Kistner). The leaflets of the floppy valve become shortened either by an open repair or with a closed procedure. Patients suffering from post-thrombotic syndrome showing intact valves in the deep femoral vein may undergo a transposition operation. In this case the superficial femoral vein is implanted end to side into the deep femoral vein distally to a proximal valve. The best results in post-thrombotic syndrome are achieved with a free transplantation of a venous valve from the axillary vein into the superficial femoral or into the popliteal vein (Taheri). Postoperatively the patients are anticoagulated and have to wear a compressing stocking (Grade III). The results of direct valvuloplasty (Kistner) and valve transplant (Taheri) are satisfactory, whereas the results of transposition seem to be disappointing. Good results are depending mostly on a correct indication for the operation and on avoiding the contraindications.     

二尖瓣成形技术治疗儿童Barlow病的早期疗效

目的 总结二尖瓣成形技术治疗Barlow病合并二尖瓣中度以上反流患儿的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2014年1月至2019年8月阜外医院10例Barlow病合并二尖瓣中度以上反流≤ 18岁患儿的临床资料,其中男3例、女7例,平均年龄(8.7±7.9)岁.术前超声心动图和术中瓣膜分析均证实二尖瓣瓣叶冗长、甩动,瓣叶及对合缘...     

Autogenous Valve Reconstruction Technique for Post-Thrombotic Reflux

Post-thrombotic reflux in deep veins of the lower extremities cannot be treated by in situ valvuloplasty because of valve degeneration. The outcome of transplantation and transposition of segments with valves is controversial. From feasibility tests in animals and fresh human cadavers we have developed an autogenous valve reconstruction technique. The valve is fashioned from the proximal end of the greater saphenous vein that is left attached to the femoral vein, invaginated, and fixed to the venous wall. This technique provides a competent bicuspid valve. In a series of 19 patients operated on in 1995 we performed 20 valve reconstruction procedures at the level of the femorosaphenous junction by invagination of a fragment from the proximal end of the greater saphenous vein in the common femoral vein. Mean follow-up time was 10 months. No complications were observed. All femoral veins were patent and competent except one in which mild reflux was observed because of insufficient valve size. Further follow-up is needed to confirm the efficacy of this simple, new technique.     

In vitro decalcification of aortic valve leaflets with the Er:YSGG laser,Ho:YAG laser,and the cavitron ultrasound surgical aspirator

This study was designed to compare the efficacy of the erbium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er:YSGG) laser and the holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) lasers in debriding calcium from freshly explanted aortic valve leaflets and to compare the Er:YSGG laser with the Cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA). Aortic valve leaflets were freshly explanted from patients undergoing aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis. Initially, 4 leaflets each were debrided with the Er:YSGG and the Ho:YAG lasers to attempt removal of calcium deposits while preserving the underlying integrity of the leaflets and minimizing thermal damage. The Er:YSGG laser was more effective in doing so with less thermal and photoacoustic damage when compared with the Ho:YAG laser. Twelve more leaflets each were then debrided with the Er:YSGG laser and the CUSA. The Er:YSGG laser again proved less injurious to the underlying leaflet. The CUSA-treated leaflets demonstrated shattering and disruption of adjacent tissue as well as collagen fiber exposure. These changes were not seen with the Er:YSGG laser. Because of these properties, the Er:YSGG laser merits further evaluation as a tool for aortic valvuloplasty procedures in selected patients with senescent calcific aortic stenosis. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Mitral valve insufficiency: suspension of the posterior leaflet to the mitral annuloplasty ring

Mitral valve insufficiency in rheumatic heart disease is often due to retracted posterior chordae and posterior leaflet thickening. Several surgical repair techniques have been described, but sometimes an acceptable coaptation of the mitral leaflets can not be achieved. Rather than accept a mitral regurgitation or resort to a mitral valve replacement, particularly in children, we have added a suspension of the posterior leaflet directly to the annuloplasty ring. This additional surgical repair technique was performed in 10 patients with a perfect coaptation of the mitral leaflets with immediate results and excellent mid-term results, without evidence of either mitral regurgitation, mitral valve stenosis, or leaflet abrasion due to the suspension sutures.     

Angioscopically monitored saphenous vein valvulotomy

Angioscopy was used during in situ saphenous vein bypass grafting in seven patients. We were able to visualize valve incision, immediately identify and correct incomplete valvulotomy, identify side branches as potential arteriovenous fistulas, and assess distal anastomotic integrity. We encountered no retained valve cusps after angioscopy, as verified by Doppler ultrasound and completion angiography. Angioscopy verified distal anastomotic integrity in all patients with distal vein grafts large enough to accept the angioscope. Angioscopy requires minimal time, is relatively easy to use, serves as an adjunct to Doppler ultrasound and completion angiography, and has future potential as a therapeutic tool.     

完全型房室间隔缺损人工瓣膜置换一例-站在“单心室循环共瓣成形或换瓣”分岔路口的思考

1例12岁女性患者因“左上腔静脉-肺动脉连接术后,完全型房室间隔缺损,右室双出口,肺动脉瓣狭窄,左异构,单心房,下腔静脉-半奇静脉引流”入院。术前超声显示共同房室瓣增厚、卷曲,对合不良,中大量反流,以左侧房室瓣为主;主肺动脉发育差。手术保留房室瓣,取31#二尖瓣机械瓣,以2/0 Prolene线连续缝合于二尖瓣瓣环。横断主肺动脉,5/0 Prolene线连续缝合近端,远端与20#Gore-tex人工血管端端吻合。将肝静脉自右房壁切下,与人工血管另一端吻合。术后血氧饱和度95%~100%之间。出院前复查超声、CT示人工瓣膜功能良好、心功能正常。虽然,共同房室瓣成形是瓣膜处理的首选,但当瓣膜功能障碍过于严重、成形很可能失败的情况下,勉强进行瓣膜成形术将使手术的风险骤然提升。此时,人工瓣膜的置换为最佳选择。     

Aortic valve leaflet sparing and salvage surgery: evolution of techniques for aortic root reconstruction

Over the past 20 years, a series of procedures have been designed to reconstruct the aortic root of patients with aortic insufficiency, in whom the pathology and hence the surgery spares the valve leaflets. Such techniques have various names. Usually ‘valve sparing’ is used in context with chronic aortic dissection or aortic root aneurysm as in patients with Marfan's syndrome. ‘Aortic valve salvage’ tends to be the term of choice for similar surgical reconstruction in the setting of aortic dissection. ‘Aortic valve repair’ is often chosen when direct surgical procedures are performed on the leaflets themselves. All of the techniques have evolved based upon an increased understanding of the functional anatomy of the aortic root complex. The different technical approaches, their applications and results need to be understood by the cardiology community. The failure modes for such techniques are specific and different from prosthetic valve failure modes, but are adequately followed with echocardiography. Over two-thirds of patients remain free of re-development of significant aortic insufficiency at 8–10 years following surgery. The overall patient survival is more dependent upon the underlying cardiovascular status of the patient than the surgical technique itself. Perioperative mortalities vary between 0 and 6% and are comparable to composite valve+graft techniques and isolated aortic valve replacement, in which the operative mortality approximates 3.3–4%. Long-term results are good to excellent and spare the patient anticoagulation and prosthetic valve disease.     

Transcommissural valvuloplasty: technique and results

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the technique of a variation of closed external venous valve repair (transcommissural valvuloplasty), its complication rate, and duplex scan durability. METHODS: The "blind" transcommissural valve repair of the vein was performed by placing transluminal sutures along the valve attachment lines, which simultaneously closed the valve attachment angle and also tightened the valve cusps. A total of 179 successfully repaired valve sites of 141 limbs in 129 patients were followed up 1 to 42 months through clinical observation and with duplex Doppler ultrasound scan. RESULTS: Postoperative complications (< 30 days) occurred in 12 (9%) of 141 limbs: superficial (1) and deep (1) wound infection, large wound hematoma (4), seroma (1), and deep vein thrombosis (5), with associated pulmonary embolus in one patient. Seventy-eight percent (reflux time 相似文献   

股浅静脉第一对瓣膜包窄术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全

目的:评估应用股浅静脉第一对瓣膜包窄术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的疗效.方法:对原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的55例患才施以股浅静脉第一对瓣膜包窄术,包窄材料选用聚四氟乙烯人造血管.结果:本组病人术后均随访4-14个月,术前临床症状缓争,疗效好,结论:股浅静脉第一对瓣膜包窄术治疗瓣膜轻,中度倒流的原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全,有坚实的理论基础,并有并发症少,操作简单,疗铲好等优点,值得推广.