Dual source dual energy CT in the analysis of urinary calculi composition

目的:探讨双源CT双能量技术应用于尿路结石成分分析中的临床价值.方法:226例尿路结石患者行双源CT双能量扫描,对其结石成分进行分析,将结果与用红外光谱法分析结石成分的结果作对比,计算双源CT在体分析草酸钙结石、磷酸盐结石、胱氨酸结石及尿酸结石的灵敏度与特异度.结果:双源CT能够准确的区分尿酸结石和非尿酸结石(灵敏度和特异度均为100％),较准确的区分草酸钙结石(灵敏度为89.03％、特异度为85.62％),磷酸盐结石(灵敏度为67.28％、特异度为90.71％)及胱氨酸结石(灵敏度为73.56％、特异度为93.43％).结论:双源CT双能量技术能在治疗前对尿路结石的成分进行初步分析,对了解结石成因,预防结石形成及指导治疗具有重要的意义.     

双源双能量CT前瞻性分析体内泌尿系结石的主要成分

【摘要】目的：前瞻性研究双源双能量CT能否准确区分体内尿酸和非尿酸结石,以及在非尿酸结石中区分草酸钙和非草酸钙结石。方法：纳入67例患者的81枚结石,以红外光谱分析结果作为结石成分的参考标准,计算双源双能量CT区分体内尿酸结石及在非尿酸结石中区分草酸钙结石的诊断效能。结果：双能量CT分析结果为7枚尿酸结石和74枚非尿酸结石,74枚非尿酸结石中包括66枚草酸钙结石和8枚非草酸钙结石。双能量CT鉴别尿酸结石以及在非尿酸结石中鉴别草酸钙结石的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确度分别为77.8%、100%、100%、97.3%、97.5%和100%、80%、97.0%、100%、97.3%。结论：双源双能量CT能准确区分体内尿酸和非尿酸结石,并能进一步在非尿酸结石中准确区分草酸钙和非草酸钙结石。     

双源CT双能量成像体外分析泌尿系结石成分

目的探讨双源CT双能量成像技术对体外泌尿系结石成分分析的价值。材料与方法收集97例已知化学成分的泌尿系结石标本,结石成分包括草酸钙55例、羟基磷灰石13例、尿酸9例、胱氨酸4例、磷酸铵镁2例、混合结石14例,将结石编号后放入猪肾中进行双源CT双能量扫描,测量80 k V及140 k V下结石CT值,计算CT值差值及双能量指数(DEI),分析结石成分,计算每种结石利用双能量技术分析结石成分的敏感度、特异度及准确度。结果双能量分析结石成分结果为草酸钙59例、羟基磷灰石11例、尿酸9例、胱氨酸4例,混合结石14例。2例羟基磷灰石、2例磷酸镁铵双能量分析均为草酸钙结石,准确率为95.88%(93/97)。不同成分结石双能量扫描(80 k V与140 k V)CT值差值及DEI大小依次为:草酸钙结石>羟基磷灰石>尿酸结石>胱氨酸结石(F=24.09、11.80,P<0.01);双能量扫描分析草酸钙、羟基磷灰石、尿酸、胱氨酸结石的敏感度分别为100.00%、84.60%、100.00%、100.00%,特异度分别为85.70%、100.00%、100.00%、100.00%,准确度分别为95.18%、97.59%、100.00%、100.00%。结论双源CT双能量成像技术可以准确分析体外泌尿系结石成分,对体内结石成分分析具有重要的临床价值。     

泌尿系结石成分的体内双源双能量CT分析

目的:探讨双源CT双能量技术体内分析泌尿系结石成分的可行性和准确性。方法:104例泌尿系结石患者共113结石纳入研究,全部完成双源CT双能量扫描并于工作站(syngo)上完成结石成分分析,全部结石取出后完成红外线光谱分析确定成分。结果:全部病人均顺利完成体内结石成分分析,以红外线光谱分析为参照标准,双源CT双能量分析显示尿酸、草酸钙和磷灰石成分分别得到准确性97.3%、92.9%、38.1%,灵敏度88.2%、100%、9.6%,特异度99.0%、66.7%、90.0%,阳性预测值93.8%、91.7%、63.6%,以及阴性预测值97.9%、100%、35.3%。胱氨酸盐均为假阳性。结论:双源CT双能量技术分析体内泌尿系结石成分是可行的,对尿酸和草酸钙的定性有很高的准确性,具有较高的临床实用价值。     

不同管电压CT扫描对泌尿系结石成分分析的价值探讨

目的:探讨CT不同管电压扫描对泌尿系结石成分分析的价值。方法:收集泌尿系结石153例,采用不同管电压(80、120、140 kV)对结石进行扫描,术后取得结石标本,经红外光谱分析结石成分。分析不同结石成分的平均CT值,并统计相同kV下不同结石成分的差异。结果:153例术后97例取得结石标本,包括83例纯结石,14例混合结石。83例纯结石包括55例草酸钙结石(66.27%),13例羟基磷灰石结石(15.66%),9例尿酸结石(10.84%),4例胱氨酸结石(4.82%),2例磷酸镁铵结石(2.41%)。不同成分结石的平均CT值随kV值的增加而逐渐减低;相同kV下,CT值从高到低依次为草酸钙结石、羟基磷灰石结石、胱氨酸结石、尿酸结石。不同种类结石在相同kV下(80、120、140 kV)CT值差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。80及120 kV下草酸钙结石和羟基磷灰石结石差异均无统计学意义(均P 0.05),与尿酸和胱氨酸结石差异有统计学意义;胱氨酸结石、尿酸结石在80及140 kV下的CT值差异均无统计学意义(均P 0.05)。结论:通过CT值可对泌尿系结石成分进行分析,准确性较高,对临床治疗及预后具有重要价值。     

能谱CT有效平均原子序数对离体尿路结石成分分析的前瞻性研究

目的探讨能谱CT瞬时双能成像技术预测尿路结石成分准确性的意义。方法选择本院开放手术或腔内碎石、体外震波碎石收集的结石,经气相色谱仪分析后,分别埋入猪肾中,采用美国GE公司能谱CT(D iscovery CT 750HD)机,分别扫描,进行能谱分析,获取平均有效原子序数值并计算结石成分分析的准确率。结果本组60枚离体尿路结石能谱CT有效平均原子序数:一水草酸钙结石为14.3、二水草酸钙结石为14.51、磷酸钙结石为16.14、磷酸氢钙结石为14.12、尿酸结石为6.92、磷酸胺镁结石为8.49、胱氨酸结石为10.21,互相之间差异性均较明显。结论 能谱CT测定结石平均有效原子序数可以较准确判定结石化学成分。     

利用双源双能量CT鉴别尿路离体结石成分的研究

目的以尿路结石红外光谱分析为参照标准,评价双源双能量CT鉴别离体尿酸盐和非尿酸盐尿路结石成分的能力。材料与方法收集2011年7月-2012年6月期间共308例病人的离体尿路结石在第一代双源CT机上以双能量模式进行离体扫描,利用肾结石成分分析软件区分尿酸和非尿酸结石,其中尿酸结石被编码为红色,而非尿酸结石被编码为蓝色。各抽取30个尿酸和非尿酸结石进行不同管电压条件下CT值的测量。计算双能量CT区分尿酸和非尿酸结石的准确度。结果308例尿路结石病人中,60例为尿酸结石,248例为非尿酸结石。尿酸结石在80kV[（375．8±69．2）HU]和140kV[（374．1±69．4）HU]管电压下CT值的变化不大（t=-0．217,P=0．830）,而非尿酸结石在80kV[（1455．1±312．4）Hu]的CT值明显高于140kV[（1039．6±194．4）HU]（t=-12．16,P〈0．001）。80kV、140kV和平均加权像上非尿酸结石的CT值[分别为（1455．1±312．4）HU、（1039．6±194.4）HU、（882．0±176．4）HU]高于尿酸结石[分别为（375．8＋69．2）HU、（374．1±69．4）HU、（366．3±80．1）HU]（均P〈0．001）。以红外线光谱结果为参照标准,双能量CT鉴别尿酸和非尿酸结石的准确度为100％。结论双源双能量CT能准确区分尿酸和非尿酸结石,在尿路结石治疗方案的制定中具有重要价值。     

双源CT双能量成像对泌尿系统结石成分分析的初步研究

目的 评价双源CT双能量成像区分泌尿系统结石成分的应用价值.方法 对97枚经内镜碎石后取出的泌尿系统结石行双源CT双能量扫描.以红外光谱仪测定的结石成分为参考标准,将结石分为6组:尿酸结石组、胱氨酸结石组、磷酸镁铵结石组、草酸钙结石组、混合尿酸结石组和混合含钙结石组.测量计算80和140 kV结石的HU差值、HU比值和双能量指数(DEI),并采用方差分析比较上述指标的差异.使用双能量软件定性诊断结石成分,并与红外光谱仪测定的成分结果比较.结果 尿酸结石组(10枚)、胱氨酸结石组(5枚)、磷酸镁铵结石组(6枚)、草酸钙结石组(22枚)、混合尿酸结石组(7枚)和混合含钙结石组(47枚)的HU差值分别为(-17±13)、(229±34)、(309±45)、(512±97)、(201±64)和(530±71)HU,HU比值分别为0.96±0.03、1.34±0.04、1.41±0.03、1.47±0.03、1.30±0.07和1.49±0.03,DEI分别为-0.006±0.004、0.064±0.007、0.080±0.007、0.108±0.011、0.055±0.014和0.112±0.008,差异有统计学意义(F值分别为124.894、407.028、322.864,P值均＜0.01).尿酸结石组与其他结石组HU差值、HU比值和DEI差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.01).草酸钙结石组、混合含钙结石组分别与其他4组结石HU差值、HU比值和DEI差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.01).胱氨酸结石组与磷酸镁铵结石组HU比值差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).磷酸镁铵结石组与混合尿酸结石组HU差值、HU比值和DEI差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).双能量软件正确定性诊断10枚尿酸结石、4枚胱氨酸结石、22枚草酸钙结石和6枚混合尿酸结石.2枚磷酸镁铵结石被诊断为含胱氨酸成分.1枚胱氨酸结石、1枚混合尿酸结石、4枚磷酸镁铵结石和47枚混合含钙结石被诊断为含草酸盐成分.结论 双源CT双能量成像对于区分泌尿系统结石成分有一定价值.双能量软件可以较好地区分尿酸结石、胱氨酸结石、混合尿酸结石与其他类型结石.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate dual-source dual-energy CT(DSCT) for the differentiation of urinary stone composition in vitro. Methods Ninety-seven urinary stones were obtained by endoscopic lithotripsy and scanned using dual-source dual-energy CT. The stones were divided into six groups according to infrared spectroscopy stone analysis: uric acid ( UA ) stones ( n = 10 ), cystine stones ( n = 5 ), struvite stones( n = 6), calcium oxalate ( CaOx ) stones ( n = 22 ), mixed UA stones ( n=7 ) and mixed calcium stones(n=47). Hounsfield units (HU) of each stone were recorded for the 80 kV and the 140 kV datasets by hand-drawing method. HU difference, HU ratio and dual energy index ( DEI ) were calculated and compared among the stone groups with one-way ANOVA. Using dual energy software to determine the composition of all stones, results were compared to infrared spectroscopy analysis. Results There were statistical differences in HU difference [(-17±13), (229±34),(309 ±45), (512 ±97), (201±64)and (530±71) HU respectively], in HU ratio (0.96±0.03, 1.34 ±0.04, 1.41 ±0.03, 1.47 ±0.03,1.30±0.07, and 1.49 ±0.03 respectively), and DEI( -0.006 ±0.004, 0.064 ±0.007, 0.080 ±0. 007, 0. 108±0.011 ,0. 055 ±0.014 and 0. 112 ±0.008 respectively ) among different stone groups(F=124. 894,407.028, 322. 864 respectively, P ＜0. 01 ). There were statistical differences in HU difference,HU ratio and DE1 between UA stones and the other groups( P ＜ 0. 01 ). There were statistical differences in HU difference, HU ratio and DEI between CaOx or mixed calcium stones and the other four groups (P＜0. 01 ). There was statistical difference in HU ratio between cystine and struvite stones ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). There were statistical differences in HU difference, HU ratio and DEI between struvite and mixed UA stones (P＜0. 05 ). Dual energy software correctly characterized 10 UA stones, 4 cystine stones, 22 CaOx stones and 6 mixed UA stones. Two struvite stones were considered to contain cystine. One cystine stone, 1 mixed UA stone, 4 struvite stones and 47 mixed calcium stones were considered to contain oxalate. Conclusions DSCT has the ability to differentiate urinary stone composition in vitro. With dual energy software, the UA, cystine and mixed UA stones can be differentiated from other types of stones.     

CT能谱成像对肾结石成分分析的初步研究

目的 探讨能谱CT在体外区分肾结石成分的价值.方法 168枚经外科手术取出的肾结石,分别置于猪肾中.行能谱扫描( GSI)及常规120 kVp扫描.测量计算GSI图像上结石的有效原子序数(Zeff)、钙水比值(CWR)、能谱衰减曲线斜率、50 keV单能量CT值及120 kVp混合能量CT值,并采用方差分析或秩和检验比较各组结石上述指标的差异.分别采用红外光谱分析仪测定其成分,成分单一的结石108枚,其中尿酸类结石组13枚、鸟粪石结石组24枚、胱氨酸结石组14枚、磷酸钙结石组18枚、草酸钙结石组39枚.结果 5组结石的Zeff、CWR、50 keV单能量CT值、120 kVp混合能量CT值及能谱衰减曲线斜率分别为:尿酸类结石组为7.4±0.4、0.0085±0.0021、(503±168) HU、(495±106) HU、-0.77、鸟粪石结石组为11.8±0.9、0.1743±0.0677、(1056±290) HU、(799±165) HU、18.72,胱氨酸结石组为11.2±0.6、0.1253±0.0297、(740±172)HU、(565±129) HU、12.79,磷酸钙结石组为16.0±0.4、0.6781±0.0952、(2567±178) HU、(1602±200) HU、37.14,草酸钙结石组为15.4 ±0.4、0.5683±0.0759、( 2267±385) HU、( 1489±284) HU、36.36,组间差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.01).组内两两比较,有效原子序数、钙水比值及50 keV单能量CT值差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).结论 能谱CT成像为区分肾结石成分提供了新的方法,有效原子序数、钙水比值及50 keV单能量CT值,3个指标均可以明显区分尿酸类、鸟粪石类、胱氨酸、磷酸钙类及草酸钙类结石.     

双能量能谱CT衰减值鉴别尿酸与非尿酸泌尿系结石的价值

目的探讨能谱CT衰减值区分尿酸和非尿酸泌尿系结石的效能。方法回顾性分析40例症状性尿路结石患者的临床资料(男性26例,女性14例,平均年龄54岁),患者行双源双能CT扫描,采用红外光谱分析结石组成。从双能量数据获取图像域虚拟单能图像,在40～190keV单能图像上评估结石衰减值,得到衰减曲线并计算40/190keV衰减比,最后对能谱衰减曲线行定性评估。结果 40例患者共69枚结石(平均直径6.6mm),15枚主要由尿酸和54枚主要由半胱氨酸或草酸钙/磷酸盐组成。尿酸结石40/190 keV的衰减比(0.82±0.28)明显低于非尿酸结石(3.69±0.55,t=-3.982,P0.001)。40/190keV衰减率阈值取1.69,区分尿酸和非尿酸结石准确度为100%。能谱衰减曲线定性分析可显示尿酸和非尿酸结石的独特形状曲线。结论能谱CT可定量和定性的区分尿酸和非尿酸结石。     

A new type of artificial urinary calculi: in vitro study by spiral CT

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Artificial urinary calculi similar to natural stones have long been sought in urologic research. In an experimental study, the authors assessed the CT characteristics of a new type of artificially produced urinary calculus [BON(N)-STONE]. METHODS: Six different types of urinary calculi (uric acid, struvite, cystine, calcium oxalate, brushite, and apatite) were produced by a coating technique in which several layers of a suspension of pure substance were applied around a core and dried. A total of 60 stones (10 per group) were studied by spiral CT at two energy levels (100 and 120 kV, 250 mA) with 1-mm slice thickness. RESULTS: All calculi showed a small hyperdense core surrounded by a homogeneous matrix and a slightly hyperdense outer rim. From the least to the most dense, the stone types were uric acid, struvite, cystine, calcium oxalate, brushite, and apatite. Absolute CT values at 100 and 120 kV could differentiate between all groups of stones at a significance level of P < 0.001 or better. Attenuation values were in a comparable range to reported values for natural stones, with the exception of uric acid and struvite, which were notably lower. CONCLUSION: These artificially produced urinary calculi showed properties similar to those of natural stones. Thus, this seems to be a promising stone model for further investigations.     

双能CT对离体泌尿系尿酸结石的诊断价值

目的:探讨双能CT对离体泌尿系尿酸结石的诊断价值。方法:搜集经体外光谱分析证实的63枚离体泌尿系结石(其中尿酸结石9枚,非尿酸结石54枚)。模拟体内环境,对结石进行常规CT扫描及双能CT扫描。后处理时采用单能模式(40和140keV)重建,统计结石的能谱曲线类型,测量40和140keV时结石的CT值、有效原子序数及常规扫描时CT值。计算上述参数对不同成分的结石进行鉴别诊断的敏感度和特异度。统计方法采用Kruskal-Wallis U检验及操作者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析。结果:尿酸结石9枚中有7枚(77.8%)呈上升型曲线,其它56枚结石均为下降型曲线,此征象诊断尿酸结石的敏感度为77.8%,特异度100%,阳性预测值100%,阴性预测值96.4%。尿酸结石常规扫描时CT值(403±112)HU,非尿酸结石(854±335)HU,两者之间差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.869,P<0.01);ROC分析曲线下面积(Az)为0.905,以564HU为阈值,诊断尿酸结石的敏感度为100%,特异度76.4%。40keV单能图像上:尿酸结石CT值(341±127)HU,非尿酸结石(1689±853)HU,两者之间差异有统计学意义(Z=-4.5,P<0.01);ROC分析Az为0.971,以615HU为阈值,诊断尿酸结石的敏感度为100%,特异度88.9%。140keV单能图像上:尿酸结石CT值(404±119)HU,非尿酸结石(445±130)HU,两者之间差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.778,P=0.436);ROC分析Az为0.581。有效原子序数:尿酸结石7.02±0.43,非尿酸结石11.93±2.16,两者之间差异具有统计学意义(Z=-4.65,P<0.01);ROC分析Az为0.988,以7.96为阈值,诊断尿酸结石的敏感度100%,特异度92.6%。结论:双能CT测量有效原子序数及40keV单能图像上CT值测量对尿酸结石及非尿酸结石的鉴别诊断价值较高,较常规平扫CT的诊断特异性高。上升型能谱曲线是诊断尿酸结石的可靠征象。     

高原部队患者尿石症结石成分分析

目的 分析驻高原部队患者尿石成分及分布特征,为制定有针对性预防措施提供依据.方法 采用红外光谱定性定量方法,对驻日喀则某高原部队中检出的86例尿石样品进行化学成分分析.结果 本组86例的尿结石成分以含钙尿结石为主,其中草酸钙结石52例（60.47%）;单一成分结石55例（63.95%）,其中草酸钙21例,尿酸34例,混合型尿结石31例（36.05%）.混合型尿结石中,以草酸钙和磷酸钙的混合结石最常见共26例（30.23%）,其他是草酸钙＋碳酸钙及草酸钙＋尿酸5例（5.81%）.结论 驻高原部队的尿结石仍然以草酸钙结石及含草酸钙的混合结石为主,应进一步探索其成因,采取针对性的防治措施,切实降低尿结石病对高原部队官兵健康的影响.     

Helical CT of urinary calculi: effect of stone composition, stone size, and scan collimation

OBJECTIVE: Helical CT has become the preferred methodology for identifying urinary calculi. However, the ability to predict stone composition, which influences patient treatment, depends on the accurate measurement of the radiographic attenuation of stones. We studied the effects of stone composition, stone size, and scan collimation width on the measurement of attenuation in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-seven human urinary calculi of known composition and size were scanned at 120 kVp, 240 mA, and a 1:1 pitch at different collimations. A model, based on the physics of helical CT, was used to predict the effect of scan collimation width and stone size on measured attenuation. RESULTS: At a 1-mm collimation, stone groups could be differentiated by attenuation: the attenuation of uric acid was less than that of cystine or struvite, which overlapped; these were less than the attenuation of calcium oxalate monohydrate, which was in turn lower than that of brushite and hydroxyapatite, which overlapped and showed the highest values. At a wider collimation, attenuation was lower and the ability to differentiate stone composition was lost. Attenuation also decreased with smaller stones. At a 10-mm collimation, some uric acid stones (相似文献   

Noninvasive differentiation of uric acid versus non-uric acid kidney stones using dual-energy CT

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity for dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) discrimination of uric acid (UA) stones from other (non-UA) renal stones in a commercially implemented product. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty human renal stones comprising uric acid (n=16), hydroxyapatite (n=8), calcium oxalate (n=8), and cystine (n=8) were inserted in four porcine kidneys (10 each) and placed inside a 32-cm water tank anterior to a cadaver spine. Spiral dual-energy scans were obtained on a dual-source, 64-slice computed tomography (CT) system using a clinical protocol and automatic exposure control. Scanning was performed at two different collimations (0.6 mm and 1.2 mm) and within three phantom sizes (medium, large, and extra large) resulting in a total of six image datasets. These datasets were analyzed using the dual-energy software tool available on the CT system for both accuracy (number of stones correctly classified as either UA or non-UA) and sensitivity (for UA stones). Stone characterization was correlated with micro-CT. RESULTS: For the medium and large phantom sizes, the DECT technique demonstrated 100% accuracy (40/40), regardless of collimation. For the extra large phantom size and the 0.6-mm collimation (resulting in the noisiest dataset), three (two cystine and one small UA) stones could not be classified (93% accuracy and 94% sensitivity). For the extra large phantom size and the 1.2-mm collimation, the dual-energy tool failed to identify two small UA stones (95% accuracy and 88% sensitivity). CONCLUSIONS: In an anthropomorphic phantom model, dual-energy CT can accurately discriminate uric acid stones from other stone types.     

Helical CT evaluation of the chemical composition of urinary tract calculi with a discriminant analysis of CT-attenuation values and density

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of helical CT using a combination of CT-attenuation values and visual assessment of stone density as well as discriminant linear analysis to predict the chemical composition of urinary calculi. One hundred human urinary calculi were obtained from a stone-analysis laboratory and placed in 20 excised pig kidneys. They were scanned at 80, 120 and 140 kV with 3-mm collimation. Average, highest and lowest CT-attenuation values and CT variability were recorded. The internal calculus structure was assessed using a wide window setting, and visual assessment of stone density was recorded. A stepwise discriminant linear analysis was performed. The following three variables were discriminant: highest CT-attenuation value, visual density, and highest CT-attenuation value/area ratio, all at 80 kV. The probability of correctly classifying stone composition with these three variables was 0.64, ranging from 0.54 for mixed calculi to 0.69 for pure calculi. The probabilities of correctly classifying calculus composition were: 0.91 for calcium oxalate monohydrate and brushite, 0.89 for cystine, 0.85 for uric acid, 0.11 for calcium oxalate dihydrate, 0.10 for hydroxyapatite, and 0.07 for struvite calculi. When the first two ranks of highest probability for the accurate classification of each calculus type were taken into account, 81% of the calculi were correctly classified. Assessment at 80 kV of the highest CT-attenuation value, visual density and the highest CT-attenuation value/area ratio accurately predicts the chemical composition of 64–81% of urinary calculi. When the first two ranks of highest probability for the accurate classification of each calculus type were taken into account, all cystine, calcium oxalate monohydrate and brushite calculi were correctly classified.     

Role of dual energy computed tomography in management of different renal stones

Aim and objectives

To evaluate the role of dual energy computed tomography in renal stones.

扬州地区泌尿系结石患病情况及相关危险因素分析

目的 探讨扬州地区泌尿系结石的患病情况、相关危险因素及泌尿系结石的主要化学成分。方法 回顾性分析2019-06至2021-06在武警江苏总队医院接受体检的扬州地区居民共3895例的体格检查资料，根据泌尿系统结石的患病情况，检出泌尿系结石者为结石组，并随机选相同数量体检无结石者作为对照组，对两组患者相关资料进行分析，探讨泌尿系结石形成的危险因素。并对58例手术患者的结石采用红外光谱法对其进行成分分析。结果 3895例中，有305例(7.84%)检出泌尿系结石，其中男221例，女84例，男女比例2.6∶1,均多发于40～60岁；上、中下尿路结石的发病率分别为74.8%和25.2%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);结石组与对照组在尿酸、尿路感染和肥胖上比较，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组高血压患病情况基本相同。58例结石分析发现，79.3%为混合性，女性草酸钙和尿酸类检出率明显低于男性，女性磷酸钙类结石多于男性。结论 扬州地区结石发病率较高，主要为上尿路结石，以混合型多见，尿酸升高、肥胖和尿路感染为主要危险因素，应制定个体化的治疗及预防方案。