非穿透性小梁手术和小梁切除术的对比观察

目的 比较非穿透性小梁手术和小梁切除术的手术效果及并发症的发生情况.方法 将原发性开角型青光眼患者36例(62眼)分为两组,一组(16例,30眼)行非穿透性小梁手术联合透明质酸钠凝胶置入术,另一组(20例,32眼)行小梁切除术,比较两组患者术后视力、眼压、并发症及滤过泡情况.结果 术后第7、14、30d时,非穿透性小梁手术组患者的平均视力分别为(0.54±0.29)、(0.61±0.30)、(0.59±0.32),小梁切除术组患者的平均视力分别为(0.31±0.36)、(0.35±0.25)、(0.41±0.33),两组比较有显著性差异(t=2.78、3.69、2.18,P＜0.01,0.05);术后7、14d时,非穿透性小梁手术组患者的平均眼压分别为(6.56±2.32)及(12.43±2.86)mmHg.小梁切除术组患者的平均眼压分别为(4.76±1.54)及(10.47±2.48)mmHg,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01);两组患者术后均有浅前房出现,非穿透性小梁手术组8眼,小梁切除术组26眼,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05);术后6个月时.非穿透性小梁手术组功能性滤过泡26眼,小梁切除术组12眼,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 相对于小梁切除术,非穿透性小梁手术并发症较少、安全性较高.     

非穿透性小梁手术联合透明质酸钠生物胶植入术治疗开角型青光眼

目的 :观察非穿透性小梁手术联合透明质酸钠生物胶植入术治疗开角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法 :对 13例 16眼开角型青光眼中、晚期患者行非穿透性小梁手术联合透明质酸钠生物胶植入术。术后观察视力、眼内反应、滤过泡和眼压。结果 :术后 1周内视力不变 11只眼 ,视力提高 1只眼 ,视力下降 4眼。两周后视力提高者 3眼 ,其余视力均保持术前水平。术后 14只眼无任何眼内反应 ,2只眼前房有轻度闪光 ,术后 5d消失。所有病例均在术后 1～ 2d形成弥散隆起滤过泡 ,仅有 2例最后观察为扁平滤过泡。除 2眼术后随访眼压偏高 3.0 0kPa,局部用药后眼压正常。余 14眼眼压均在 2 .6 7kPa以下。术后 1d平均眼压 (1.18± 0 .4 8)kPa,与术前眼压 (3.19± 0 .33)kPa比较 ,差异有非常显著性 (t =13.6 7,P <0 .0 0 1)。术后 1周平均眼压 (1.4 7± 0 .5 0 )kPa,与术前眼压 (3.19± 0 .33kPa)比较 ,差异有非常显著性 (t=11.33,P <0 .0 0 1)。经 3～ 12月随访 ,最后随访眼压 2 .0 0kPa左右。结论 :非穿透性小梁手术联合透明质酸钠生物胶植入术后降压效果满意 ,术后并发症少 ,安全 ,是一种治疗开角型青光眼的有效方法     

非穿透小梁切除术联合丝裂霉素C及羊膜移植在开角型青光眼的应用研究

目的观察非穿透性小梁手术（NPTS）联合丝裂霉素C（MMC）及羊膜移植治疗开角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法选择19例双眼视力、眼压、视野相近的开角型青光眼病例,采用自身对照,1只眼行小梁切除术,另1只眼行非穿透性小梁切除术。术后观察视力、眼压、滤过泡、前房和房水情况,评估疗效。结果两种术式术后降眼压效果差异无统计学意义。非穿透性小梁切除术的术后并发症要比小梁切除术少。结论非穿透性小梁切除术是治疗开角型青光眼的有效方法 ,且术后并发症少。     

非穿透性小梁手术联合羊膜植入物治疗原发性开角型青光眼的临床研究

目的　探讨非穿透性小梁手术 (non penetratingtrabecularsurgery ,NPTS)联合羊膜植入物对原发性开角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法　对 2 2例 (2 6只眼 )原发性开角型青光眼患者进行非穿透性小梁手术联合羊膜植入物治疗。术后观察眼压、眼内反应和滤过泡并做前房角镜检查。随访时间平均 9.4个月。结果　术后视力较术前无明显变化。患者术前平均眼压 36 .84mmHg ,术后 16 .4 5mmHg ,差异有显著性 (t=5 .86 ,P <0 .0 1)。术前平均用药 3.6 4种 (2～ 4种 ) ,术后 0 .93种 (0～ 2种 ) ,差异有显著性 (秩和检验T =10 4 ,P <0 .0 1)。随访期间眼压≤ 2 1mmHg者 2 4只眼 (92 .3% ) ,无需药物治疗而眼压正常者 15只眼 (5 7.7% ) ,需用药后眼压保持正常者 9只眼(34.6 % )。结论　NPTS联合羊膜植入术能有效降低眼压 ,减少抗青光眼药物的应用 ,术后并发症少 ,是一种治疗原发性开角型青光眼的有效的新方法。     

三联手术与小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障术后观察

目的观察白内障超声乳化后房型人工晶体植入术联合改良深层巩膜咬切术(以下简称三联手术)与小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障患者术后疗效。方法37例(46眼)行三联手术,20例(26眼)行小梁切除术治疗。术后随访3～12个月,平均6.9个月。结果三联手术组术后平均眼压为(13.72±2.72)mmHg,小梁切除术组术后平均眼压(12.92±5.35)mmHg,较术前显著下降(P<0.01)且两组下降值差异无显著性(t=0.166,P>0.05)。三联手术组术后视力显著提高(χ2=18.254,P<0.01),小梁切除术组手术前后视力差异无显著性(χ2=0.308,P>0.05)。结论三联手术治疗青光眼合并白内障患者,可较好地控制术后眼压并快速恢复视力且并发症少,是一种良好的手术方法。     

硅胶植入减压室应用于兔非穿透小梁切除术的实验研究

目的:观察兔眼行非穿透小梁切除术联合硅胶植入术的可行性和安全性。方法:实验兔20只,随机取一眼行非穿透小梁切除术联合硅胶植入术,另一眼行非穿透小梁切除术作对照,随访时间12周,术后观察眼压、前房、并发症等情况,用UBM监测滤过泡,并行病理学检查。结果:两组术后眼压与术前相比均有降低,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。实验组有18眼结膜充血,对照组有1眼发生小梁网穿破。UBM检查实验组功能性滤过泡存留时间高于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。组织病理学检查显示:实验组术后12周滤过道开放,对照组滤过道多数闭合。结论:非穿透小梁切除术联合硅胶植入术可减少滤过道瘢痕形成,且硅胶条未引起组织不良反应,有临床应用前景。     

白内障超声乳化吸除与囊外摘除分别联合小梁切除术的疗效比较

目的:观察白内障超声乳化吸除联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效.方法:回顾分析患青光眼白内障在我院行超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术(超乳三联术组)的患者82例(82只眼)和行白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术(囊外三联术组)的患者52例(54只眼),记录手术前、后的视力和眼压,记录手术并发症和滤过泡情况.术后随访至少3个月.结果:两组术后1周和3个月矫正视力较术前明显提高,眼压较术前明显降低(均P＜0.05).两组间术后视力和眼压比较,差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).术后3个月随访,眼压≥21 mmHg者,超乳三联术组2只眼,囊外三联术组4只眼,两组比较差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).手术并发症超乳三联术组明显低于囊外三联术组,差异有极显著性意义(P＜0.01).两组术后均无严重并发症发生.结论:超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术,可安全有效治疗青光眼合并白内障,且效果优于白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术.     

自体巩膜植入非穿透性小梁切除术的临床疗效

目的探讨自体巩膜植入用于非穿透性小梁切除术(NPTS)的可行性。方法将34例(58眼)原发性开角型青光眼患者,按住院顺序随机分为2组。A组17例(28眼),接受自体巩膜填充非穿透性小梁切除术。B组17例(30眼)接受改良的小梁切除术(MT)。观察和随访术后前房、视力、眼压的变化情况。结果术后第1天前房正常者:A组25眼,占89.29%;B组23眼,占76.67%,两组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。术后前房闪辉A组5眼,占17.86%;B组14眼,占46.67%,比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。术后前房出血A组1眼,占3.57%;B组4眼,占13.33%,比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。术后第5天测眼压,A组平均眼压为8.57±3.52 mmHg,B组为6.04±3.26 mmHg,两者比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。随访3个月~2年,A组眼压正常者23眼,占82.14%。B组眼压正常者25眼,占83.33%,比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论此术式安全、有效,取材方便,经济实惠,能降低抗青光眼手术的并发症,可作为开角型青光眼的首选术式。     

非穿透性小梁手术治疗青少年型青光眼的临床疗效探讨

目的：分析探讨非穿透性小梁手术、小梁切除术治疗青少年型青光眼的临床疗效及并发症发生率。方法选择本院2010－04～2014－06间收治的50例（100眼）青少年型青光眼患者作为研究对象。同一患者1眼进行非穿透性小梁手术,另1眼进行小梁切除术,对比分析术后患者两眼的眼压、视野、滤过泡、房角以及视力情况。并做前房角镜检查,患者术后平均随访时间为2～12个月。结果分别采用非穿透性小梁手术、小梁切除术治疗青少年型青光眼后,两组的眼压、房角、视力的长期情况无显著性差异,但是非穿透性小梁手术治疗后的并发症相对较少,安全性高。结论非穿透性小梁手术能够有效治疗青少年型青光眼,其临床疗效显著,并发症发生率低,安全性好,是治疗青少年型青光眼的有效方法之一,值得进一步推广使用。     

非穿透小梁切除术联合MMC及羊膜植入治疗开角型青光眼远期效果观察

目的 观察非穿透性小梁手术(NPTS) 联合丝裂霉素C(MMC)及羊膜植入治疗开角型青光眼的远期临床效果.方法 对21例(30只眼)28～51岁开角型青光眼患者进行非穿透性小梁手术联合MMC及羊膜植入治疗.术后随访6～18个月,观察患者视力、眼压及滤过泡情况.结果 患者术后眼压控制良好,视力较术前无明显变化.患者术前平均眼压与术后平均眼压相比,差异有显著意义(P＜0.01).随访期间有3只眼需药物治疗,14例有功能性的滤过泡.5例滤过泡苍白局限化,呈贫血状态.结论 NPTS联合MMC及羊膜植入能有效降低眼压,远期效果良好.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.