对氧磷酶2基因C311S多态性与2型糖尿病合并缺血性脑卒中的相关性

目的 探讨对氧磷酶2(paraoxonase 2，PON2)基因多态性与2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus，T2DM)患者合并缺血性脑卒中(ischemic stroke，IS)的关系。方法 用聚合酶链反应—限制性片段长度多态性分析法探查PON2基因C311S多态性在T2DM合并IS组、T2DM无IS组以及正常对照组的基因频率。结果 发现中国人存在PON2基因C311S多态性，C／S等位基因频率为0．145／0．855。T2DM合并IS组患者PON2基因的C等位基因频率显著高于T2DM无IS组和正常对照组，差异有显著性(P＜0．05)。结论 中国人2型糖尿病患者PON2基因第311位密码子的多态性与并发缺血性脑卒中有关，C等位基因是2型糖尿病并发缺血性脑卒中的危险因素之一。     

Paraoxonase Gene Polymorphism in South-western Korean Population

Paraoxonase (PON) has anti-atherogenic activity. Considering the important role of polymorphism in the genetic susceptibility to cardiovascular disease and the variability of its allele frequencies in different ethnic groups, the distribution of genotypes and allele frequencies of PON1M55L, PON1Q192R, PON2A148G, and PON2S311C polymorphisms was analyzed in a total 988 South-western Koreans and determined their effects on lipid parameters. The genotype distribution of PON1 at position 55 was LL=0.886, LM=0.114; and at position 192 was QQ=0.406, QR=0.594. The frequencies of the PON1 55L allele and the PON1 192R allele were similar to those seen in Chinese populations and Western populations, respectively. The genetic distribution of PON2 at position 148 was AA=0.619, AG=0.345, GG=0.035; and at position 311 was CC=0.035, SC=0.345, SS=0.619. The frequencies of the PON2 148G and 311S alleles were similar to those seen in Chinese populations. The concentrations of LDL and ApoB were significantly different between the PON2A148G (P<0.05) and PON2 S311C polymorphisms (P<0.01). PON polymorphisms and allele frequencies were described in Koreans living south-western part of Korea. These ethnic variations are considered important in the interpretation of diseases associated with PON polymorphisms.     

Ⅱ型对氧磷酯酶基因311Cys/Ser多态性与2型糖尿病合并冠心病关系的研究

目的:探讨型对氧磷酯酶(PON2)基因311Cys/Ser遗传多态性与2型糖尿病合并冠心病的关系。方法:应用PCR-RFLP技术,对75例老年2型糖尿病患者,其中39例2型糖尿病者合并冠心病者,36例糖尿病对照者,和38例健康对照者,检测PON2-311Cys/Ser基因多态性,等位基因以C/S表示。结果:2型糖尿病合并冠心病组与健康对照组比较,各基因型分布有显著差异(P<0.05)。S等位基因在2型糖尿病合并冠心病组明显增高;S等位基因是2型糖尿病并发冠心病的危险因素(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.04-4.22,P<0.05)。结论:PON2基因311Cys/Ser遗传多态性与中国北方地区2型糖尿病并发冠心病发病具有相关性。该酶切位点多态性具有明显的种族差异。     

PON2基因C311S、G148A多态性与脑卒中关系的研究

目的探讨对氧磷酶2（paraoxonase2,PON2）基因多态性与脑卒中的关系。方法用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析法分别检测PON2基因C311S、G148A多态性在脑出血组（150例）、脑梗死组（180例）和正常对照组（120名）的基因频率。结果发现中国湖南地区人群存在PON2基因C311S、G148A多态性,在正常对照组中等位基因频率分别是S/C0.77/0.23,A/G0.43/0.57。脑出血组、脑梗死组患者PON2基因的等位基因频率与正常对照组相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论PON2基因多态性可能与中国湖南汉族人群脑卒中发病无关,C/S、G/A等位基因可能不是中国湖南地区汉族人群脑卒中发病的独立危险因素。     

PON1Q192R polymorphism is associated with lipid profile in Mexican men with Mayan ascendancy

Paraoxonase (PON1) enzyme is associated with high-density lipoproteins (HDL) that prevents low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. PON1Q192R polymorphism is associated with a risk of coronary heart disease and low HDL levels in case-control studies, but the issue is yet unresolved. Mexico has shown an increase in cardiovascular diseases, and some genetic factors may play a role. Our purpose was to evaluate the association between PON1Q192R and L55M polymorphisms and serum lipid profile in a healthy Mexican population. Ninety unrelated male inhabitants from southeastern Mexico with Mayan ascendancy agreed to participate. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle and medical history were obtained by questionnaire. Lipid profile was determined by enzymatic methods, PON1 activity by using paraoxon and phenylacetate and PON1 genotype by real-time PCR. HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were associated with genotype: 192RR homozygote subjects had lower HDL-C levels than 192QQ homozygotes, and individuals with 192RR and 192QR genotypes had an odds ratio (OR) = 7.05 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.29-38.34) of having HDL-C < 60 mg/dL. Individuals with higher paraoxonase activity (> 600.18 U/L) had a slight risk (OR = 4.9, 95% CI = 0.83-22.02) of having HDL-C < 60 mg/dL. PON155LM polymorphism was associated with higher LDL-cholesterol. PON1Q192R polymorphism showed a role in modulating lipid profile: 192RR homozygotes showed the least favorable lipoprotein levels.     

Interaction of dopamine system genes and cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia and their relatives and in healthy subjects from the general population

Linkage between the DRD4 and COMT genes and cognitive measures characterizing verbal memory, executive functions, and associative processes was studied in 150 patients with schizophrenia, 83 of their relatives, and 118 mentally healthy subjects without any family history of psychoses, with the aim of detecting the main effects of the polymorphic markers −809G/A and −521C/T (DRD4) and Val158Met (COMT) when present individually and together. The group of patients showed a main effect for polymorphism −521C/T on verbal fluency and an effect of the interaction of this polymorphism and the COMT gene on this cognitive trait. The highest level of verbal fluency was seen among carriers of the Val/Val+CC and Met/Met+TT genotypes. In the combined group of unaffected individuals, the interaction of the COMT and DRD4 −521C/TT genotypes had an effect on the standardness of speech associations due to a decrease in the standardness of associations in carriers of the Met/Met+CC genotype. Finally, both patients and unaffected individuals showed an effect for the interaction between the COMT and DRD4 −809G/A genotypes on working memory. Patients and healthy subjects showed similar features: the highest values were seen in subjects homozygous for the Val and G alleles, while the lowest values were seen in homozygotes for the Met and A alleles. These data provide evidence for a relationship between the DRD4 and COMT genes and different aspects of executive functions and the absence of such a relationship in relation to verbal memory. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii imeni S. S. Korsakova, Vol. 106, No. 7, pp. 57–63, July, 2006.     

Addressing the link between paraoxonase-1 gene variants and the incidence of early onset myocardial infarction

Introduction

The enzyme paraoxonase-1 (PON1) represents an endogenous defense mechanism against vascular oxidative stress, thereby contributing to the prevention of atherosclerosis. Several polymorphisms have been reported in the PON1 gene, including Q192R. PON1 phenotype is commonly expressed as the paraoxonase/arylesterase ratio (PON/ARE). The major aim of this study was to investigate the association between PON1 Q192R polymorphism, PON1 phenotypes and the incidence of early-onset acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Egyptians.

Material and methods

The study subjects consisted of 102 AMI patients and 72 age-matched healthy controls. Genotyping and enzyme activities were determined using PCR-RFLP and kinetic spectrophotometric assays, respectively.

Results

The genotype distribution for the PON1 gene was significantly different between AMI patients (QQ = 38.24%, QR = 49.02%, RR = 12.75%) and controls (QQ = 66.67%, QR = 25%, RR = 8.33%). Allele frequencies were also significantly different between patients (Q = 62.75%, R = 37.25%) and controls (Q = 79.17%, R = 20.83%). The genotypes QR and RR showed higher risk for AMI compared to the homozygous QQ (odds ratio (OR) = 3.231, p < 0.001). The average PON/ARE ratio in MI patients (1.187 ±0.1) did not differ significantly from controls (1.118 ±0.26). However, it showed a significant difference among different genotypes in both AMI patients (QQ = 0.91 ±0.11, QR = 1.09 ±0.11 and RR = 2.65 ±0.4) (p = 0.0002) and controls (QQ = 0.68 ±0.1, QR = 1.07 ±0.11 and RR = 4.89 ±2.84) (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

PON1 192R allele represents an independent risk factor for early-onset AMI in Egyptians, and PON1 Q192R polymorphism modulates the paraoxonase phenotype.     

HIF1A P582S gene association with endurance training responses in young women

Sequence variations in the gene encoding the hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, HIF1A, have been associated with physiologic function and could be associated with exercise responses. In the HIF1A P582S gene polymorphism (C1772T; rs 11549465 C/T), a single nucleotide transition from C → T alters the codon sequence from the usual amino acid; proline (C-allele), to serine (T-allele). This polymorphism was examined for association with endurance training responses in 58 untrained young women who completed a 6-week laboratory-based endurance training programme. Participant groups were defined as CC homozygotes versus carriers of a T-allele (CC vs. CT genotypes). Adaptations were examined at the systemic-level, by measuring _ 2 , \dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{ 2 {\text{max}}}} , and the molecular-level by measuring enzymes determined from vastus lateralis (n = 20): 3-hydroacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (HAD), which regulates mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation; cytochrome C oxidase (COX-1), a marker of mitochondrial density; and phosphofructokinase (PFK), a marker of glycolytic capacity. CT genotypes showed 45% higher training-induced gains in [(V)\dot]\textO _{2 \textmax} \dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{ 2 {\text{max}}}} compared with CC genotypes (P < 0.05). At the molecular level, CT increased the ratios PFK/HAD and PFK/COX-1 (47 and 3%, respectively), while in the CC genotypes these ratios were decreased (−26 and −54%, respectively). In conclusion, the T-allele of HIF1A P582S was associated with greater gains in [(V)\dot]\textO _{2 \textmax} \dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{ 2 {\text{max}}}} following endurance training in young women. In a sub-group we also provide preliminary evidence of differential muscle metabolic adaptations between genotypes.     

Interleukin 10 gene promoter polymorphisms (rs1800896, rs1800871 and rs1800872) and haplotypes are associated with the activity of systemic lupus erythematosus and IL10 levels in an Iranian population

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with unknown aetiology. According to the role of interleukin 10 (IL10) in SLE pathogenesis, the genetic alterations in its promoter region could be associated with elevated IL10 levels and exacerbated disease. Here, we investigated the association of genotype and haplotype frequencies of three IL10 gene promoter polymorphisms with susceptibility to SLE, IL10 plasma levels and disease activity of patients in an Iranian population. A total of 116 SLE patients and 131 healthy subjects were enrolled. The PCR‐RFLP technique was used to detect IL10 promoter genotypes at the positions of ?1082 (G/A), ?819 (C/T) and ?592 (C/A) in association with IL10 plasma levels and SLEDAI scores. The GG genotype of ?1082 polymorphism was associated with the increased risk of SLE [OR = 2.65, 95% CI (1.21–5.82), p‐value = 0.046]. The CC genotype in ?819 region was associated with SLE susceptibility [OR = 3.38, 95% CI (1.26–9.07), p‐value = 0.034] and C allele was introduced as risk allele [OR = 1.86, 95% CI (1.15–3.01), p‐value = 0.009] in this region. IL10 plasma levels were overexpressed in CC genotype carriers of ?592 SNP and decreased in AA genotype carriers of ?1082. IL10 was also increased in SLE patients with CGT (?592/?1082/?819) haplotype. The SLEDAI score was higher among CC genotype carriers at the position of ?592 and TT genotype carriers at the region of ?819. SLEDAI was also elevated among patients with CGC (?592/?1082/?819) and CAC (p = 0.011) haplotypes. The present study suggests that the IL10 –819(C/T), ?1082(G/A) and ?592(C/A) polymorphisms and the haplotypes are associated with SLE susceptibility, increased disease activity and elevated IL10 levels. While this is the first time to report such an association in an Iranian population, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.     

胆固醇7α-羟化酶基因-204A/C多态性与内源性高甘油三酯血症关联的研究

目的探讨成都地区内源性高甘油三酯血症（hypertriglyceridemia，HTG）患者胆固醇7α-羟化酶（cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase，CYP7A1）基因一204A／C多态性与血脂及载脂蛋白的关系。方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术检测212名正常对照者和132例内源性HTG患者CYP7A1-204A／C基因多态性。酶法测定血清甘油三酯（triglyceride，TG）、总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TC）及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C），用本校载脂蛋白研究室研制的RID试剂盒测定血清apoAI、A1I、B100、CH、C111及E。结果CYP7A1—204A／C多态位点等位基因A、C频率在HTG组和正常对照组分别为0．602、0．398和0．601、0．399。等位基因频率和基因型频率分布均符合Hardv—Weinberg平衡定律。CYP7A1—204A／C多态性基因型频率，等位基因A、c频率在HTG组和正常对照组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。HTG组CC、AC基因型患者血清TG和apoCⅢ水平较从基因型患者显著增高（P〈0．05）。血清HDL-C水平在正常对照组中CC、AC基因型者较AA基因型者显著降低（P〈0．05），正常对照组中男性CC、AC基因型者血清TG水平较从基因型者显著增高（P〈0．05）。结论CYP7A1基因-204A／C多态性与HTG无关联，但HTG患者CYP7A1基因-204A／C多态性与血清TG和apoCⅢ水平密切相关。CYP7A1基因-204A／C多态性在正常对照组中与血清HDL-C水平密切相关，在正常男性人群中与血清TG水平增高密切相关。     

中国汉族人芳香二烷基磷酸酯酶基因启动子多态性与冠心病的关系

芳香二烷基磷酸酯酶（paraoxonase,PON1)基因启动子区－108（C／T）多态性与人类冠心病（CHD）及其血脂水平的关系。采用多聚酶链反应－限制性长段多态性的分析方法（PCR－RFLP）检测CHD患者PON1基因启动子区－108位点的多态性。结果显示PON1启动子区－108位点存在多态性，出现三种基因型：TT，TC和CC。各等位基因的分布在正常对照组及CHD组之间存在显著性差异，且CC基因型的分布在两组间也有显著差异（P＜0．05）。正常对照组与CHD组间各基因型血浆Apo AI水平无显著性差异；CHD组CC纯合子的血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL－C）水平明显低于对照组（P＜0．05），而两组间TT纯合子和TC杂合子的HDL－C水平无统计学差异。说明该多态性可能与CHD有一定的相关性。     

Gene polymorphism in transforming growth factor‐beta codon 10 is associated with susceptibility to Giardiasis

Secretory immunoglobulin A (S‐IgA) antibodies have a central role in anti‐Giardial defence. It has been demonstrated that transforming growth factor‐beta1 (TGF‐β1) stimulates B lymphocytes to produce and secrete S‐IgA. We sought to determine the association between TGF‐β1 polymorphism (T+869C) with susceptibility to Giardiasis. The TGF‐β1 genotypes and levels of salivary (S‐IgA) were analysed in individuals with Giardiasis (97 symptomatic and 57 asymptomatic) and controls (n = 92). Individuals with symptomatic Giardiasis had the lowest levels of S‐IgA compared to individuals in asymptomatic Giardiasis and control groups (97%, 73% and 43%, <1 g L^?1, respectively, P = 0.002). The frequency of allele C and CC genotypes of TGF‐β1 polymorphism was significantly higher among symptomatic patients than asymptomatic and control groups. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the individuals homozygous for allele C of TGF‐β1 had a significantly higher risk for symptomatic Giardiasis with odds ratio of 2.76 (95% CI: 3.88, 1.71, P = 0.007). Among the participants with TT genotype per cent of individuals with S‐IgA level of more than 1 g L^?1 was almost twice the percentage in CC genotype individuals (14% versus 7% respectively P = 0.01). Our data suggest that CC genotype of TGF‐β1 polymorphism at codon 10 is associated with occurrence of Giardiasis.     

Interleukin-6 gene polymorphism is an age-dependent risk factor for myocardial infarction in men

Several studies show that inflammatory components may contribute to atherosclerosis and increase the risk for myocardial infarction (MI). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key pro-inflammatory and immune-modulatory cytokine of relevance for cardiovascular diseases. In this case-control study, 200 patients with MI and 257 healthy controls were genotyped for the polymorphism present in -174 promoter region of the IL-6 gene. Plasma concentrations of IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) in a group of patients and controls were measured. The -174 C allele was associated with an increased risk of developing MI (OR = 2.886, c.i. = 1.801-4.624, P = 0.0001) in older patients, while no association was found in younger ones. The IL-6 plasma levels were higher in patients with MI carrying the CC genotype than in GG patients (CC carriers, IL-6 = 2.97 pg mL(-1) vs. GG carriers = 1.81 pg mL(-1), P = 0.016). A positive correlation of IL-6 levels with those of CRP in serum from patients with MI was also found. Data from this study suggest that the C allele of the promoter polymorphism in the IL-6 gene is a risk factor for MI in the elderly, and the production of the IL-6 is differentially affected by different genotypes of the IL-6 -174 promoter polymorphism.     

Effects of estrogen-only therapy on LDL oxidation in women with hysterectomy: Does paraoxonase genotype play a role?

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effects of estrogen-only therapy on lipid profile (through susceptibility of low density lipoproteins to oxidation) and on oxidant-antioxidant parameters in surgical menopausal women. PON genotypes are also evaluated considering that they may be associated with the personal differences observed in antioxidant effects induced by estrogen. METHODS: Thirty women who had undergone hysterectomy+bilateral ovariectomy in the last 3 years, with causes other than malignancy were included and given estrogen-only (Premarin-Wyeth Inc. 0.625 mg/day/6 months, equine conjugated estrogen). Blood samples were collected at baseline, first and sixth month of treatment. Serum (total antioxidant activity-TAO and PON activity), erythrocyte (TBARS and catalase activity), LDL and Cu2+ induced ox-LDL (TBARS and diene levels) samples were evaluated and PON1 192 polymorphisms were determined by PCR amplification & restriction enzyme digestion. RESULTS: At the sixth month, a higher TAO activity (p=0.016) and a lower eTBARS (p=0.028) were detected compared to the basal values. LDL and Cu induced ox-LDL TBARS levels at the sixth month of treatment were significantly (p=0.012 and 0.026, respectively) lower compared to the pretreatment values. Baseline eTBARS (p=0.007), LDL TBARS (p=0.044) and eCAT (p=0.033) activities were significantly higher in homozygote Q allele carriers compared to subjects with R allele. LDL TBARS and Cu2+ induced ox-LDLTBARS of QQ subjects (p=0.018 and 0.050) as well as LDL TBARS of QR subjects (p=0.044) showed a significant decrease with estrogen-only treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our study drives the attention to PON polymorphism in postmenopausal women who have risk for atherosclerosis. Although our data is limited, this study is the first that focuses on the role of PON genotypes in antiatherosclerotic effects of estrogen-only and provides important points for further studies.     

FAAH levels and its genetic polymorphism association with susceptibility to methamphetamine dependence

The fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) gene was involved in the modulation of reward and addiction pathophysiology of illicit drugs abuse, and its polymorphisms might be associated with risk of methamphetamine (METH) dependence. This study aimed to investigate the FAAH mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma protein levels and to analyze the 385C/A polymorphism (rs324420) between METH-dependent patients and controls. The levels of FAAH mRNA in METH dependence were significantly lower than in controls (P < 0.001), however, its plasma protein underwent a significant ∼2-fold increase (P < 0.001). The A allele of the 385C/A polymorphism significantly increased the METH dependence risk (P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] = 1.646, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.332–2.034). The carried A genotypes (AA, AC, and AA/AC) of 385C/A polymorphism also increased METH-dependence risks under a different genetic model (AA vs. CC: P = 0.017, OR = 2.454, 95%CI = 1.171–2.143; AC vs. CC: P < 0.001, OR = 1.818, 95%CI = 1.404–2.353; AC/AA vs. CC: P < 0.001, OR = 1.858, 95%CI = 1.444–2.319). The similar results were obtained after adjusting for age and sex. Unfortunately, we failed to find that any genotype of 385C/A polymorphism affected the mRNA or plasma protein levels in controls, respectively (P > 0.05). These data indicate that the FAAH may play an important role in the pathophysiological process of METH dependence, and the 385C/A polymorphism may be associated with METH dependence susceptibility in a Chinese Han population.     

IL28B gene variants and glucose metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) develops, when β-cell insulin response fails to compensate for insulin resistance. Recent studies reported associations between the IL28B polymorphisms (rs12979860 and rs8099917) and T2D development in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. To identify possible association with T2D independent from virus infection, we investigated both IL28B polymorphisms in T2D patients and healthy controls (HC). No association was found comparing the genotype and allele frequencies of both IL28B polymorphisms between T2D patients and HC. However, higher glucose levels were found in T2D patients carrying the IL28B CT/TT rs12979860 and GT/GG rs8099917 HCV risk genotypes compared to those with the protective CC and TT genotype (p = 0.06 and p = 0.02, respectively). Moreover, T2D patients with CT/TT rs12979860 HCV risk genotypes possessed significantly higher HbA1c levels than CC carriers (p = 0.04). In conclusion, the IL28B HCV risk genotypes may influence glucose homeostasis in T2D patients without HCV.     

PON1 is a longevity gene: Results of a meta-analysis

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is one of the most studied genes regarding cardiovascular risk, oxidative stress and inflammation. Several lines of evidence suggests that PON1 promotes an atheroprotective effect. Patients carrying PON1 codon 192 QQ genotype display a higher risk of cardiovascular events, the major cause of mortality in the elderly: it can be predicted that gene variants increasing the risk of mortality will be under-represented in long-living individuals. We first reported that PON1 R allele (R+) carriers are significantly more represented in Italian centenarians; subsequently this topic has been addressed by many other groups, and here we report a meta-analysis on 11 studies in different populations selected by a review of the literature available in PubMed and testing the effect of the Q192R polymorphism on human ageing. QUORUM guidelines for meta-analysis have been followed, and a total number of 5962 subjects have been included: 2795 young controls (<65 years of age) and 3167 old subjects (>65 years of age). The Mantel-Haenszel weighting for pooling in presence of a fixed effects model has been applied.The meta-analysis of R carriers showed a significant result with an overall OR of 1.16 (1.04–1.30, 95% CI, p = 0.006). The meta-analysis of QR genotype also showed a significant result, with an overall OR of 1.14 (1.02–1.27, 95% CI, p = 0.016).The results show that PON1 gene variants at codon 192 impact on the probability of attaining longevity, and that subjects carrying RR and QR genotypes (R+ carriers) are favoured in reaching extreme ages. These results likely represent the counterpart of the effects observed on cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as centenarians and nonagenarians escaped or delayed the onset of the major age-related diseases, including CVD.     

载脂蛋白A5基因-12238T/C多态性与新疆维吾尔族冠心病的相关性

目的 研究载脂蛋白A5(apolipoprotein A5,APOA5)-12238T/C多态性与新疆维吾尔族冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)及血脂水平的相关性.方法 采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法,对344例冠心病患者和408例同期入院冠状动脉造影结果阴性的患者(对照组)APOA5基因-12238T/C多态性进行检测,同时进行血脂水平的测定.结果 APOA5基因-12238T/C的3种基因型在冠心病组的分布频率分别为:TT型50.00%,TC型43.31%,CC型6.69%;在对照组的分布分别为:TT型39.95%,TC型45.10%,CC型14.95%,两组基因型分布差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).通过Logistics回归校正了年龄、性别,吸烟史、血脂、高血压、糖尿病史等影响因素后,CC基因型的个体患冠心病的风险是TT型的0.328倍(OR=0.328,95%CI:0.154～0.700).冠心病组-12238T/C基因型亚组间的甘油三酯水平的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),CC及TC基因型较TT型有更低的甘油三酯水平.结论 APOA5基因-12238T/C多态性对新疆维吾尔族人血清甘油三酯水平有影响,并且与冠心病的发生有一定的相关性,CC基因型可能是冠心病发生的一个保护因素.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the association of the -12238T/C polymorphism of apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene with coronary heart disease (CHD) and the influence of serum lipid levels in Chinese Uygur population of Xinjiang. Methods The -12238T/C polymorphism of APOA5 gene in 344 patients with CHD and 408 controls was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism; the serum lipid levels were detected as well. Results The frequencies of CC, TC and TT genotype were 6.69%, 43.31% and 50. 00% in the CHD group, while they were 14. 95%, 45.10% and 39.95% in the control group. There was significant difference in the distribution of genotypes between the two groups (P＜ 0. 01). Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, smoking, serum total cholesterol, presence of hypertension and diabetes revealed that individuals carrying CC genotype had an increased risk of CHD compared with TT genotype (OR=0. 328,95% CI: 0. 154-0. 700). There was also significant difference in serum triglyceride level in genotypes between these two groups (P＜0.01). Patients in CHD group who carried CC and TC genotypes had lower serum triglyceride level than the TT genotype carriers. Conclusion The - 12238T/C polymorphism of APOA5 gene has influence on the serum triglyceride level in Uygur population of Xinjiang. This polymorphism might be associated with development of CHD, and the CC genotype might be a protective factor in the development of CHD.     

The PON1-108C/T polymorphism, and not the polycystic ovary syndrome, is an important determinant of reduced serum paraoxonase activity in premenopausal women

BACKGROUND: Because serum paraoxonase activity is influenced by the -108C/T polymorphism in the PON1 gene, we studied its involvement in the decreased paraoxonase activity recently described in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: Paraoxonase activity, PON1-108C/T genotypes and clinical, hormonal and biochemical variables were evaluated in a case-control study involving 139 consecutive PCOS patients and 85 healthy controls matched for BMI and prevalence of smoking. RESULTS: Women homozygous for -108T presented with reduced serum paraoxonase activity compared with carriers of C alleles (P < 0.001), both in PCOS patients and in controls. Although homozygosity for T alleles was more prevalent in PCOS patients than in controls (P = 0.003), serum paraoxonase activity was not significantly different in the PCOS and control groups. In a stepwise multivariate linear regression model, homozygosity for PON1-108T alleles was the only significant predictor of the logarithm of serum paraoxonase activity (beta = -0.328, t = -4.176, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In premenopausal women from the Spanish population, the PON1-108C/T polymorphism, and not PCOS, is an important determinant of serum paraoxonase activity.     

MicroRNA 146a基因单核苷酸多态性与卵巢上皮性肿瘤易感性的研究

目的 分析microRNA 146a(miR-146a)基因单核苷酸多态(single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNPs)位点rs2910164(G/C)与卵巢上皮性肿瘤易感性的关系.方法 采用病例-对照研究方法,纳入卵巢上皮性肿瘤患者184例为病例组,无卵巢肿瘤病史的人群200例为对照组.使用基因测序方法确定miR-146a基因rs2910164 (G/C)位点的多态基因型,比较不同基因型在病例组和对照组中的分布情况,并对年龄、月经周期、产次、口服避孕药、家族病史因素进行分层研究.结果 在miR-146a基因多态位点rs2910164(G/C)处,病例组和对照组均有GG、GC和CC 3种基因型,且两组的基因型总体分布差异具有统计学意义(P=0.002).与CC基因型相比,GG和GC基因型携带者的卵巢上皮性肿瘤发病风险较低(OR=0.396,95％ CI=0.219～0.717,P=0.002;OR=0.502,95％ CI =0.308～0.818,P=0.006).分层分析显示,这种影响在年龄≤50岁、产次≤2、未口服避孕药、无家族病史的情况下差异显著,x2检验P值分别为:0.001、0.000、0.001、0.001.结论 miR-146a单核苷酸多态位点rs2910164(G/C)与卵巢上皮性肿瘤易感性相关.GG和GC基因型携带者患卵巢上皮性肿瘤的发病风险低于CC基因型携带者.