鼻内镜下治疗泪囊鼻腔吻合术后失败病例体会

目的观察在鼻内镜下修复泪囊鼻腔吻合术后失败病例疗效,总结体会。方法59例（59眼）泪囊鼻腔吻合术失败的患者行鼻内镜下手术修复。结果全部病例泪道均恢复通畅。随访6～24个月,治愈55例（93．22％）,好转4例（6．78％）。结论鼻内镜下手术修复泪囊鼻腔吻合术后失败病例创伤小,治愈率高。     

泪道扩张引流管植入联合鼻腔泪囊造孔术与改良鼻腔泪囊吻合术的疗效对比

目的:比较鼻内窥镜下泪道扩张引流管植入联合鼻腔泪囊造孔术与改良鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2008-03/2011-03来我院136例136眼慢性泪囊炎患者手术治疗的效果,其中行鼻内窥镜下泪道扩张引流管植入联合鼻腔泪囊造孔术66例,行改良鼻腔泪囊吻合术70例,均为单侧慢性泪囊炎。结果:鼻内窥镜下泪道扩张引流管植入联合鼻腔泪囊造孔术治愈60例,好转5例,无效1例,治愈率达90.9%,有效率达98.5%;改良鼻腔泪囊吻合术治愈64例,好转4例,无效2例,治愈率达91.4%,有效率达97.1%。采用χ2检验,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:鼻内窥镜下泪道扩张引流管植入联合鼻腔泪囊造孔术与改良鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎的疗效接近,但鼻内窥镜下泪道扩张引流管植入联合鼻腔泪囊造孔术无需面部皮肤切口,创伤小,出血少,值得推广。     

鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术62例临床分析

目的探讨鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术的方法与临床效果。方法对62例（64眼）鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术进行分析总结，术后随访6个月。结果治愈56眼（87．5％）好转8眼（12．5％）总成功率100％。结论鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术效果良好，创伤小、治愈率高、不影响美容。     

鼻内镜下泪总管暴露治疗小泪囊慢性泪囊炎的临床分析

目的 探讨鼻内镜下暴露泪总管治疗小泪囊慢性泪囊炎的手术效果,为提高小泪囊慢性泪囊炎手术的远期疗效提供有效的改进方案。方法 回顾性病例对照研究。选取本院2016年1月至2018年12月期间所收治的94例(106只眼)小泪囊慢性泪囊炎患者作为研究对象,均施行鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术。随机分为2组,A组44例(52只眼)施行鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术,术中暴露至泪总管; B组患者50例(54只眼)施行常规鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术。术后1、3、6、12个月随访4次,检查吻合口开放情况。结果 远期随访A组治愈率(98.08%)高于B组(85.19%),差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 采用鼻内镜下泪总管暴露治疗小泪囊慢性泪囊炎远期成功率高,是治疗小泪囊慢性泪囊炎的有效方法。     

鼻内镜下改良鼻泪管逆行插管和鼻腔泪囊造孔术疗效比较

目的:比较鼻内镜下改良鼻泪管逆行插管术与鼻腔泪囊造孔术对慢性泪囊炎的疗效。方法:回顾性分析51例53眼慢性泪囊炎患者鼻腔内窥镜下手术治疗效果,其中经鼻内镜下行鼻泪管逆行插管31例32眼,采用鼻腔泪囊造孔术治疗20例21眼,随访6mo。结果:鼻内镜下鼻泪管逆行插管术:治愈15眼,好转12眼,无效5眼,治愈率47%,有效率84%;鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造孔术:治愈14眼,好转5眼,无效2眼,治愈率67%,有效率90%;两组治愈率、有效率比较差异无统计学意义。结论:鼻内镜下改良鼻泪管逆行插管和鼻腔泪囊造孔术均有微创、愈合快、疗效好等优点,其疗效相近,鼻内镜下逆行插管术更简便易行、价格低、容易推广。     

不同术式泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎

目的：比较改良的传统泪囊鼻腔吻合术和经鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎的临床疗效。 方法：选取病历资料完整、行手术治疗的慢性泪囊炎患者112 例,其中行改良的传统泪囊鼻腔吻合术患者53 例,行鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术患者59 例。 结果：统计经过6~12mo的随访观察,改良的传统泪囊鼻腔吻合术组有效51例,有效率96.2%,经鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合组有效55例,有效率93.2%,两组差异比较无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论：经鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术具有较多优点,避免了面部瘢痕,符合现代微创手术要求;掌握手术指征,其手术效果可接近改良的传统泪囊鼻腔吻合术。     

鼻内镜下经鼻泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗复发性泪囊炎的临床效果

目的评价鼻内镜下经鼻泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗复发性泪囊炎的临床效果。方法回顾性病例系列研究。选取徐州医科大学附属徐州市立医院2018年1月至2022年6月住院行鼻内镜下经鼻泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗的复发性泪囊炎31例(31眼)的临床资料, 其中泪道置管术后管留置复发者9例, 外路泪囊鼻腔吻合术后复发者12例, 鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术后复发者10例。术后随访3个月至1年, 分析患者复发原因, 观察吻合口是否开放、泪道冲洗结果及术后症状改善情况。结果泪道置管术后复发者复发原因为泪囊黏膜增生肥厚导致泪囊腔变小, 影响泪液引流;泪囊鼻腔吻合术后复发者复发原因有:骨窗制作不适19例(86.36%)、吻合口与鼻腔粘连者4例(18.18%)、泪囊黏膜误与鼻窦黏膜吻合者1例(4.54%)。31例均行经鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术, 29例吻合口开放, 冲洗泪道通畅, 溢泪、溢脓症状消失, 均治愈, 2例有轻微溢泪, 吻合口开放, 泪道冲洗通畅, 溢脓症状消失, 均好转, 治愈率93.55%, 有效率100.00%。结论鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗复发性泪囊炎损伤小, 疗效确切, 手术成功率高。     

泪囊鼻腔吻合术后复发泪道阻塞的鼻内镜治疗

目的 探讨泪囊鼻腔吻合术后泪道复发性阻塞的再手术方法.方法 回顾分析鼻内镜治疗21例(21眼)泪囊鼻腔吻合术后泪道复发性阻塞的临床资料.结果 术后随访6～12月,治愈19例,有效2例,治愈率90.48%.结论 经鼻内镜治疗泪囊鼻腔吻合术后泪道复发性阻塞是一种有效的选择.     

改良鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎

目的:探讨改良鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性分析。选取2015-03/2019-03我院慢性泪囊炎患者160例166眼,根据手术方式分为两组,常规鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术组80例82眼,改良式鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术组80例84眼,比较两组患者末次随访时治愈率、好转率、总有效率及患者满意度。结果:两组患者末次随访时的治愈率、好转率、总有效率和满意度分别为,常规手术组:75.6%、17.1%、92.7%和73.8%,改良式手术组:90.5%、5.9%、96.4%和92.5%,两组患者治愈率、好转率、总有效率和满意度比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在术中及术后均未发生严重并发症。结论:改良式鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎安全有效。     

鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎43例

目的报告鼻内镜下行鼻内鼻腔泪囊造孔术的手术方法及疗效。方法由鼻内径路鼻内镜下施行鼻腔泪囊造孔术，治疗慢性泪囊炎共43例（47眼）。结果治愈35眼，好转8眼，无效4眼，有效率91．48％（43／47）。结论本术式操作简便，损伤小，恢复快，无面部瘢痕，疗效显著。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.