肝动脉化疗栓塞联合索拉菲尼治疗中晚期肝细胞癌

目的 探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）联合索拉菲尼治疗中晚期肝细胞癌（HCC）的临床价值。方法 前瞻性分析我院2011年1月至2012年1月接受TACE联合索拉菲尼（n=27）和TACE单独治疗（n=25）的中晚期HCC患者的临床资料,比较两组患者肿瘤中位进展时间、肿瘤无进展生存率和总生存率。结果 随访期间,联合治疗组共发生肿瘤进展18例,死亡10例,疾病控制率为74.1%;TACE单独治疗组共发生肿瘤进展19例,死亡15例,疾病控制率为68.0%。联合治疗组和TACE单独治疗组肿瘤中位进展时间分别为6.5个月和3.3个月（P＜0.05）,两组6和12个月的肿瘤无进展生存率分别为51.9%、33.3%和27.6%、16.5%（P＜0.05）,总生存率分别为81.0%、60.8%和63.3%、34.8%（P＜0.05）。联合治疗组的手足皮肤反应、口腔黏膜炎发生率较TACE单独治疗组高（P＜0.05）,药物减量辅以对症治疗后控制良好。结论 TACE联合索拉菲尼治疗中晚期HCC是安全有效的,优于TACE单独治疗,值得临床进一步验证推广。     

Comparable survival in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated by radiofrequency ablation or transarterial chemoembolization

HYPOTHESIS: The survival benefits of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are similar for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma amenable to either treatment. DESIGN: Retrospective comparative study. SETTING: Tertiary care institution. PATIENTS: From February 22, 2001, to March 10, 2004, 91 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (tumor diameter <5 cm and <4 tumor nodules) treated by either TACE or RFA were analyzed from a prospective database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The treatment-related morbidity, mortality, overall survival, and time to disease progression. RESULTS: Forty patients received TACE and 51 patients received RFA during the study period. Demographic data were comparable in both groups of patients. The treatment-related morbidities of TACE and RFA were 10% and 28%, respectively (P = .04). There was no treatment-related mortality in either group. There was 1 patient (2%) with complete tumor remission in the TACE group, and the complete ablation rate in the RFA group was 96%. The time to disease progression was similar in both groups (P = .95). The overall survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 80% and 58%, respectively, in the TACE group and 82% and 72%, respectively, in the RFA group (P = .21). CONCLUSIONS: The overall survival and time for disease progression were similar in both groups of patients. In terms of the survival result, the efficacies of RFA and TACE were comparable for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.     

Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma involving microvascular invasion

Background

Microvascular invasion (MVI) has recently been reported to be an independent prognostic factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study compared the outcomes of adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (A-TACE) after hepatic resection (HR) in patients with HCC involving MVI.

Obesity conveys poor outcome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transarterial chemoembolization

Purpose

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the impact of obesity on radiologic outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated by transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

ART and science in using transarterial chemoembolization for retreating patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comprises of a highly heterogeneous patient population, both in terms of liver function and tumour burden. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the treatment of choice for this subgroup of patients, provided that liver function is relatively preserved. Not all patients respond to an initial session of TACE, and further session might impair liver function. The ART score consists of an increase of AST >25%, increase of Child-Pugh of one or two points and absence of radiological tumour response and helps identify patients that would not benefit from further TACE sessions. We critically appraise the use of this score, particularly in terms of patient selection and timing of calculation of its variables. Once sufficiently validated, it can become a safe, objective and accurate clinical tool in everyday practice.     

术后辅助性TACE对肝细胞癌患者预后的作用

目的探究术后辅助性动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)对肝细胞癌(Hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者预后的影响。方法回顾性分析本院2005年12月至2009年12月收治的243例行肝癌切除术的原发性肝癌患者的临床病理资料,根据术后是否接受辅助性TACE治疗分为TACE组(129例)和非TACE组(114例),用Kaplan-Meier法描绘两组的生存曲线,Cox回归模型分析影响HCC患者预后的危险因素。根据巴塞罗纳(BCLC)分期对243例HCC患者进行分层分析,分别探究术后辅助性TACE对0/A期和B期患者的作用。结果 TACE组和非TACE组的1、3、5年的总体生存率分别为84.9%、52.4%、41.1%和84.1%、51.4%和38.9%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.052);1、3、5年的肿瘤复发率分别为28.2%、47.0%、55.5%和34.4%、60.6%、71.1%,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.038)。多因素分析结果显示:丙氨酸氨基转移酶、凝血酶原时间、糖类抗原19-9水平、肿瘤直径、多发肿瘤是影响患者总体生存的独立危险因素;BCLC分期B期、肿瘤直径、微血管侵犯、淋巴结转移是肿瘤复发的独立危险因素,而术后辅助性TACE则具有抗复发作用。分层分析显示103例B期患者中,术后辅助性TACE可以提高患者总体生存率(P=0.016),降低肿瘤复发率(P=0.002);而在0/A期的患者中,术后辅助性TACE对OS和肿瘤复发都无影响。结论术后辅助性TACE能够降低肿瘤复发风险,BCLC分期B期患者应建议其术后接受辅助性TACE治疗。     

肝细胞癌切除术后肝动脉栓塞化疗在减少术后复发中的作用

目的探讨肝细胞癌切除术后肝动脉栓塞化疗（transarterial chemoembolization,TACE）在减少术后复发中的作用。方法进入研究180例,根据是否存在肿瘤残留危险因素以及术后有无接受预防性TACE分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ四组。其中存在肿瘤残留危险因素者101例,58例曾接受预防性TACE治疗（Ⅰ组）,43例未接受预防性TACE治疗（Ⅱ组）;另外不存在肿瘤残留危险因素者79例,49例曾接受预防性TACE治疗（Ⅲ组）,30例未接受预防性TACE治疗（Ⅳ组）。比较各组病人无瘤生存率及逐年肿瘤复发率,采用Cox回归分析有关因素对生存时间的影响。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ组病人之间总体无瘤生存率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组病人之间无瘤生存率差异无统计学意义（P〉1）．05）;Ⅰ、Ⅱ组病人之间仅第1年肝癌复发率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组病人各年度间的肝癌复发率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;Cox回归分析显示,血管侵犯、肿瘤直径及肿瘤数目是影响预后的独立危险因素;而TACE是影响预后的独立保护因素。结论对于合并有肿瘤直径〉5cm、多结节、血管侵犯等肿瘤残留危险因素的肝癌病人,术后预防性TACE能降低1年以内的近期复发率,可作为常规的干预手段。     

Local recurrence following complete radiologic response in patients treated with transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the local progression rate and identify factors that may predict local progression, in patients who achieve a complete response (CR) radiologically after undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Materials and methodsOne-hundred-forty-seven patients, who achieved CR of 224 HCCs after TACE, were retrospectively reviewed. There were 109 men and 38 women with a mean age of 61.6 ± 6.8 (SD) years (range: 45.4–86.9 years). Logistic mixed-effects and Cox regression models were used to evaluate associations between clinical factors and local progression.ResultsA total of 75 patients (75/147; 51%) and 99 (99/224,44.2%) lesions showed local progression at a median of 289.5 days (Q1: 125, Q3: 452; range: 51–2245 days). Pre-treatment, international normalization ratio (INR) (1.17 ± 0.15 [SD] vs. 1.25 ± 0.16 [SD]; P <0.001), model for end-stage liver disease (9.4 ± 2.6 [SD] vs. 10.6 ± 3.2 [SD]; P = 0.010) and Child-Pugh score (6 ± 1 [SD] vs. 6.4 ± 1.3 [SD]; P = 0.012) were significantly lower while albumin serum level (3.4 ± 0.62 [SD] vs. 3.22 ± 0.52 [SD]; P = 0.033) was significantly greater in those who showed local progression as compared to those who did not. In terms of local-recurrence free survival, the number of TACE treatments (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.05 [95% CI: 1.57–2.67]; P<0.001), INR (HR: 0.13 [95% CI: 0.03–0.61]; P = 0.010) and type of TACE (P = 0.003) were significant. Patients with local progression on any tumor did not differ from those who did in terms of overall survival (P = 0.072), however, were less likely to be transplanted (20/75, 26.7%) than those who did not (33/72; 36.1%) (P = 0.016).ConclusionA significant number of patients who achieve CR of HCC after TACE have local progression. This emphasizes the importance of long-term follow up.     

C臂CT扫描用于TACE治疗肝细胞癌

目的探索C臂CT(CCT)扫描在TACE治疗肝细胞癌中的价值。方法对80例接受TACE治疗的肝细胞癌患者行CCT扫描。观察患者CCT图像检出肝内病灶的情况,并与DSA及治疗前其他影像学检查的检出情况进行比较;观察CCT图像对病灶异常供血动脉的显示情况,评价其对于TACE操作的指导作用。结果 80例患者中,CCT扫描检出病灶139个,其中4例患者较64排螺旋CT扫描共多检出5个病灶,2例患者较常规DSA检查共多检出2个病灶。TACE治疗前,77例患者CCT扫描显示131个病灶供血动脉清晰满意,其中28例(28/77,36.36%)为微导管超选择插管治疗提供了直接的帮助;发现4例患者肝癌病灶异常供血动脉,1例病灶供血动脉走行异常显示清楚。结论在应用TACE治疗肝细胞癌过程中,CCT扫描有助于检出肝内病灶、显示病灶供血动脉和动脉异常走行,对TACE操作具有非常重要的价值。     

经动脉化疗栓塞与经动脉灌注化疗序贯栓塞治疗肝癌对比分析

目的评价TACE与经动脉灌注化疗序贯栓塞(TAI+TAE)治疗不可切除肝细胞癌(HCC)所致急性肝功能损伤及远期疗效的差异。方法回顾性分析195例接受动脉血管介入治疗患者的临床及介入治疗资料;其中TACE组111例,共接受介入治疗277例次,TAI+TAE组84例,共接受介入治疗250例次。结果两组间患者性别、年龄、合并肝炎、病灶类型、远处转移、门静脉癌栓、基线腹腔积液、介入治疗前肝功能Child-Pugh分级及血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。介入治疗前,TACE组与TAI+TAE组肝功能生化指标[血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)、前白蛋白(PALB)、白蛋白(ALB)]差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。两组患者介入治疗后ALT、AST、TBIL均较治疗前明显升高(P均0.001),PALB、ALB明显减低(P均0.001)。介入治疗前后肝功能生化指标变化值(ΔALT、ΔAST、ΔTBIL、ΔPALB、ΔALB)中,ΔALT、ΔAST、ΔPALB两组间差异有统计学意义(P均0.05),ΔTBIL、ΔALB两组间差异无统计学意义(P均0.05)。TACE组患者1、2、3年累积生存率(53.20%、33.30%、23.40%)高于TAI+TAE组(42.90%、22.60%、16.70%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.048)。结论 TACE较TAI+TAE所致急性肝功能损伤程度轻微,患者生存期更长,更有利于延缓肝硬化进展,改善远期疗效。     

肝动脉灌注化疗与经动脉化疗栓塞/栓塞治疗不可切除肝细胞癌疗效与安全性系统评价和Meta分析

背景与目的 肝细胞癌（HCC）是常见的恶性肿瘤之一。经动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）和经动脉栓塞（TAE）是不可切除HCC的常见治疗选择。近年来,肝动脉灌注化疗（HAIC）已用于治疗晚期HCC,并且取得了良好的治疗效果。但是,很少有研究直接将HAIC与TACE/TAE进行比较。因此,本研究旨在评估HAIC与TACE/TAE治疗不可切除HCC的疗效和安全性。方法 检索PubMed、OvidSP、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、万方数据库、中国知网及维普中文期刊数据库中截至2021年8月14日发表的有关HAIC和TACE/TAE治疗不可切除HCC的文献;提取总生存期（OS）,无病生存期（PFS）,客观反应率（ORR）,疾病控制率（DCR）和不良事件等结局指标的相关数据,用Review Manager 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果 最终共纳入5篇文献。Meta分析结果显示,HAIC组在OS（HR=0.39,95% CI=0.18~0.86,P= 0.02）,ORR（RR=3.82,95% CI=2.41~6.04,P<0.000 01）和DCR（RR=1.52,95% CI=1.12~2.05,P=0.006）方面优于TACE/TAE组。并且,敏感度分析排除可能的异质性来源后,结果仍一致。HAIC组与TACE/TAE组之间PFS差异无统计学意义（HR=0.34,95% CI =0.11~1.04,P =0.06）,但排除可能的异质性来源后,HAIC组的PFS优于TACE/TAE组（HR=0.56,95% CI=0.43~0.73,P<0.000 1）。对于任何等级的不良事件,HAIC组发生血小板减少症（RR=1.59,95% CI=1.04~2.44,P=0.03）和腹泻（RR=4.57,95% CI=2.01~10.37,P=0.003）的风险高于TACE/TAE组,而发生丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高（RR=0.57,95% CI=0.35~0.92,P=0.02）、高胆红素血症（RR=0.37,95% CI=0.26~0.53,P<0.000 01）的风险低于TACE/TAE组;对于3~4级不良事件,HAIC组发生白细胞减少症的风险高于TACE/TAE组（RR=6.32,95% CI=1.71~23.28,P=0.006）;无论是3~4级或任何等级的不良事件,HAIC组发生发热的风险低于TACE/TAE组（P<0.05）;两组的贫血、中性粒细胞减少症、低蛋白血症、腹痛、呕吐等发生情况差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。结论 与TACE/TAE相比,HAIC具有更好的肿瘤反应、更长的生存期以及可接受的不良反应,是不可切除HCC患者更好的治疗选择。     

Imaging predictors of the response to transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a radiological-pathological correlation

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one of the standard therapies for bridging patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to transplantation. This study was designed to determine which features on pre- and post-TACE imaging are associated with tumor necrosis in pathological specimens. Records of 105 patients with 132 HCC lesions who underwent liver transplantation after TACE were retrospectively reviewed. In 70% of the nodules, >90% necrosis was achieved. The development of >90% lesion necrosis upon pathological analysis was associated with avid lesion enhancement (P = 0.03) and the presence of a feeding vessel larger than 0.9 mm in diameter on the pre-TACE visceral angiogram (P = 0.01). Near-complete lesion necrosis was also associated with an extensive accumulation of ethiodized oil within a lesion during TACE administration (P = 0.04). On post-TACE computed tomography imaging, a lack of residual contrast enhancement (P < 0.0001), a decrease in the lesion size (P = 0.04), a high lesion density due to an accumulation of ethiodized oil (P = 0.03), and a diffuse distribution of ethiodized oil throughout the lesion (P = 0.0001) were also correlated with near-complete lesion necrosis upon pathological analysis. In conclusion, this study found multiple pre- and post-TACE imaging characteristics of HCC that were associated with near-complete tumor necrosis upon histopathological analysis after TACE. These findings may help to guide the selection of an optimal treatment strategy for bridging patients with HCC to liver transplantation.     

经动脉化疗栓塞同步微波消融与序贯联合微波消融治疗肝细胞癌的预后对比

目的 比较经动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）同步联合微波消融（MWA）与TACE序贯联合MWA治疗肝细胞癌（HCC）的有效性与安全性。方法 回顾性分析苏州大学附属第一医院单中心2016年2月至2021年3月间行TACE同步或序贯联合MWA治疗的HCC患者临床资料。主要观察指标为无进展生存（PFS）时间和3、6及12个月总体生存（OS）率,次要观察指标为消融针次、消融时间、肿瘤反应及并发症发生率。结果共63例患者纳入本研究,同步组29例,序贯联合组34例。两组患者的PFS时间[同步组（7.4±2.4）个月 vs序贯组（6.2±3.6）个月],3、6、12个月OS率（同步组100%、100%、96.6% vs 序贯组100%、97.1%、91.2%）,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。同步组平均消融针次[（1.5±0.5）次]及消融时间[（9.9±3.9）min]均低于序贯组（[ 2.1±0.7）次、（14.6±4.5）min],均存在统计学差异（P＜0.05）。两组患者肿瘤客观反应率（同步组79.4% vs 序贯组73.5%）和肿瘤控制率（同步组89.7% vs 序贯组88.2%）无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。两组患者不良反应及并发症发生率无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。结论 本研究初步结果显示TACE同步联合或序贯联合MWA两种方式均能有效控制HCC肿瘤进展,在近期疗效方面无差异。与序贯联合相比,TACE同步联合MWA治疗能减少消融针次及消融时间,且未增加并发症发生率。     

Influence of preoperative transarterial lipiodol chemoembolization on resection and transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of preoperative transarterial lipiodol chemoembolization (TACE) in the management of patients undergoing liver resection or liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: TACE was performed before surgery in 49 of 76 patients undergoing resection and in 54 of 111 patients undergoing liver transplantation. Results were retrospectively analyzed with regard to the response to treatment, the type of procedure performed, the incidence of complications, the incidence and pattern of recurrence, and survival. RESULTS: In liver resection, downstaging of the tumor by TACE (21 of 49 patients [42%]) and total necrosis (24 of 49 patients [50%]) were associated with a better disease-free survival than either no response to TACE or no TACE (downstaging, 29% vs. 10% and 11 % at 5 years, p = 0.08 and 0.10; necrosis, 22% vs. 13% and 11% at 5 years, p = 0.1 and 0.3). Five patients (10%) with previously unresectable tumors could be resected after downstaging. In liver transplantation, downstaging of tumors >3 cm (19 of 35 patients [54%]) and total necrosis (15 of 54 patients [28%]) were associated with better disease-free survival than either incomplete response to TACE or no TACE (downstaging, 71 % vs. 29% and 49% at 5 years, p = 0.01 and 0.09; necrosis, 87% vs. 47% and 60% at 5 years, p = 0.03 and 0.14). Multivariate analysis of the factors associated with response to TACE showed that downstaging occurred more frequently for tumors >5 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Downstaging or total necrosis of the tumor induced by TACE occurred in 62% of the cases and was associated with improved disease-free survival both after liver resection and transplantation. In liver resection, TACE was also useful to improve the resectability of primarily unresectable tumors. In liver transplantation, downstaging in patients with tumors >3 cm was associated with survival similar to that in patients with less extensive disease.     

围手术期肝动脉栓塞化疗预防大肝癌术后复发的作用初探

目的：探讨围手术期肝动脉栓塞化疗（TACE）预防大肝癌切除术后复发的作用。方法：大肝癌切除术前4-8周（A组,n=30）、术后2-4周（B组,n=45)、术后4-6周（C组,n=30)实施TACE,同期未行TACE的大肝癌切除患者作为对照（D组,n=48)。结果：无严重手术并发症或TACE相关并发症;术后1年复发率：4组间差异显著（P＜0.025),其中B组和A组、B组和D组差异显著;6个月复发率：4组间差异显著（P＜0.005),其中B组和A组、B组和D组、C组和A组差异显著。结论：大肝癌切除术前TACE可能增加术后早期复发,不宜进行;术后2-4周早期实施TACE是预防大肝癌切除术后复发安全有效的方法。     

Short-term efficacy assessment of transarterial chemoembolization combined with radioactive iodine therapy in primary hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) is an effective treatment for primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC). Radioactive iodine therapy has been used in the treatment of advanced PHC, especially in patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis. However, data on the therapeutic effect of TACE combined with radioactive iodine therapy in PHC are scarce.AIM To investigate the clinical efficacy of TACE combined with radioactive iodine implantation therapy in advanced PHC via perfusion computed ...