MTT比色法测定hM－CSF生物活性的研究

本文以小鼠骨髓细胞（ＢＭＣ）和经条件化筛选的分化程度较一致的小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞（ＢＭＭ）为研究对象，摸索了用ＭＴＴ法测定人巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ｈＭ－ＣＳＦ）生物活性的最佳条件。结果显示ＢＭＣ细胞的线性检测范围为６００～２５００ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ；ＢＭＭ细胞的线性检测范围明显改善，为１５０～１２５０ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ。该法的建立与改善提供了简便、可靠、适于检测大批量Ｍ－ＣＳＦ样品生物活性的方法。     

MTT比色法检测IL—2和杀伤细胞活性的研究

本文采用ＭＴＴ比色法测定了ＬＡＫ和ＴＩＬ细胞培养上清ＩＬ－２活性及ＬＡＫ细胞介导对体外培养的白血病细胞株的杀伤活性。结果表明ＬＡＫ细胞和ＴＩＬ细胞培养上清有较高的ＩＬ－２活性，可用于支持培养ＩＬ－２依赖株的生长；ＬＡＫ细胞对体外培养的白血病细胞株有明显的杀伤作用。其杀伤效应随效靶比例增加而增高；同时亦证明：活的白血病细胞数与ＭＴＴ甲赞形成产物呈直线相关性，提示通过ＭＴＴ法测定ＯＤ值能较好地反映活细     

IL-2和IL-15协同调节T细胞的增殖和LAK细胞的杀伤活性

目的 探讨IL-2和IL-15在免疫调控和应答中的协同作用。方法 IL-2、IL-15和IL-2 IL-l5组刺激CTLL细胞的增殖，^3H—TdR掺入法测cpm值；IL-2、IL-15和IL-2 IL-l5组诱导PBMC中NK和LAK细胞的发育，4h^51Cr释放实验检测对K562和LiBr细胞的杀伤活性。结果 IL-2和IL-15都能诱导CTLL认细胞的增殖和NK、LAK细胞的杀伤活性，IL-2和IL-15可明显协同上调CTLL认的增殖和LAK细胞的杀伤活性。结论 IL-2和IL-15在免疫调控和应答中有一定的协同作用，为细胞因子联合应用于临床治疗肿瘤等疾病提供了实验依据。     

MTT比色法改进的研究

Ｍｏｓｍａｚｉｎ于１９８３年首创ＭＴＴ比色法用于检测ＩＬ－２的生物学活性［１］。ＭＴＴ比色法操作简便，比~３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法便于开展，原方法测定因素复杂，虽然多家已做了一定的改进［２，３］，尚有不足之处，使ＭＴＴ比色法的应用受到多种非处理因素的影响和?..     

IL—2,IL—4和IL—7体外诱导人外周血淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞效应…

比较了淋巴因子ＩＬ－２、ＩＬ－４和ＩＬ－７ 在体外诱导健康人外周血淋巴因子激活的杀伤（ＬＡＫ）细胞活性的效应。结果表明，ＩＬ－７可单独，亦可与ＩＬ－２、ＩＬ－４协同诱导ＬＡＫ细胞，而且ＩＬ－７诱导ＬＡＫ细胞的效应不被抗ＩＬ－２、抗ＩＬ－４所抑制。ＩＬ－７单独诱导的ＬＡＫ细胞活性高峰迟于ＩＬ－２或ＩＬ－４所诱导的活性高峰，且与增殖反应曲线一致。抗ＣＤ８抗体明显抑制ＩＬ－７诱导ＬＡＫ细胞的效应，而ＩＬ     

淋巴因子诱导的细胞毒细胞活性检测的研究

本文通过正交设计试验,建立了一种改良的诱生及检测LICC细胞毒活性的培养体系。先将脾脏淋巴细胞(5×10~6/ml)在含有IL-2(0.5U/ml)、CCDF(50％V/V)RPMI1640培养液中预培养72小时,然后加入肿瘤细胞(5×10~4/ml),用~3H-TdR后标法检测LICC细胞毒活性,杀伤时间为72小时。     

采用2—氯腺苷改善MTT法检测淋巴细胞激活和杀伤功能

目的 :研究 2 氯腺苷 ( 2 ClA)特异性杀伤巨噬细胞对MTT法检测淋巴细胞激活试验和细胞毒试验的影响。方法 :运用细胞培养技术 ,培养小鼠脾淋巴细胞和腹腔巨噬细胞。通过MTT法检测 2 ClA处理和未处理的淋巴细胞的激活以及特异性活化后对肿瘤细胞的杀伤 ,同时还检测 2 ClA对巨噬细胞的毒性作用。结果 :2 ClA对巨噬细胞有很强的杀伤作用 ,采用MTT法检测淋巴细胞的活化和杀伤活性时 ,2 ClA处理组的OD值要明显低于未经 2 ClA处理的对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :2 ClA通过特异性杀伤巨噬细胞可以消除巨噬细胞在MTT法检测淋巴细胞激活和杀伤试验中所产生的影响 ,使检测更为准确。     

白血病细胞相关的免疫抑制活性对正常人IL－2及CD抗原的作用

６５例白血病患者的细胞制备物（白细胞培养上清与溶解物）测定对正常人ＰＢＬ的ＩＬ－２产生、ＩＬ－２反应性及ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８、ＣＤ２５抗原表达的影响，并探讨与抑制淋转和ＭＬＲ的关系。结果表明制备物对ＩＬ－２产生及／或ＩＬ－２反应性的抑制是抑制淋转与ＭＬＲ的主要因素。抑制ＩＬ－２产生及／或ＩＬ－２反应者对正常人ＰＤＬ的ＣＤ４表达有明显抑制，但对ＣＤ８、ＣＤ２５表达未见影响，提示来自白血病细胞的免疫抑制是通过抑制淋巴细胞ＣＤ４表达、ＩＬ－２产生及／或ＩＬ－２反应起作用的。     

MTT还原法检测NK细胞活性的方法学研究

对ＭＴＴ还原法用于检测ＮＫ细胞毒活性进行了方法学探讨，实验表明，在ＭＴＴ还原法中，用二甲亚砜代替异丙醇溶解存活的靶细胞，并选效靶细胞比例为１０：１，效应细胞浓度为１×１０~６，孵育时间４ｈ，即能获得满意的结果。     

MTT比色法评价掺锶羟磷灰石固溶体细胞毒性

利用MTT比色法评价掺锶羟磷灰石固溶体（简称锶磷灰石）的细胞毒性。对自行合成含锶量克分子数比例分别为1％、5％、10％、100％的掺锶羟磷灰石用MTT比色法进行细胞毒性测试。结果表明不同含锶量锶磷灰石的细胞毒性评级均为1级,提示锶磷灰石无明显细胞毒性,掺锶量的多少对细胞相对增殖影响不明显。     

Age-associated decline in IL-2 and IL-12 induction of LAK cell activity of human PBMC samples

Previously we reported that young and elderly natural killer (NK) cell activity against the standard NK sensitive K562 cell line can be augmented to the same degree by IL-2 and IFN-. We have extended these studies to include IL-12. Similar to IL-2 and IFN-, IL-12 can enhance NK cytotoxicity to the same degree in both young and elderly samples over a wide range of doses and incubation times when K562 cells are used as targets. However, in contrast to our findings with the NK system, we have observed that induction of lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cell activity, as defined by the ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) samples to lyse the normally NK resistant Daudi cell line, was significantly decreased in the elderly samples compared to young samples. Comparable age-associated differences were observed in LAK activity after induction with IL-2, IL-12, and IFN- at varying doses and incubation times. We hypothesize an age-associated deficiency either in the mechanism of LAK induction or in target cell recognition.     

IL-2基因修饰的肿瘤细胞对小鼠体内巨噬细胞数量和功能的影响

目的　探讨IL - 2基因修饰的肿瘤细胞对小鼠体内巨噬细胞 (M)数量和功能的影响 .方法　应用腺病毒载体介导的小鼠IL - 2基因 (Ad -mIL - 2 )修饰CT2 6小鼠结肠腺癌细胞 (CT2 6 -mIL - 2 )后皮下接种小鼠 ,计数小鼠腹腔M的数量 ,观察其吞噬功能 ,混合淋巴细胞反应法 (MLR)测定其抗原提呈能力 ,MTT法检测其杀伤活性 .结果　mIL - 2基因修饰的CT2 6细胞 (CT2 6 -mIL - 2细胞 )皮下接种后 ,小鼠腹腔M数量显著增加 ,吞噬能力明显增强 ,抗原提呈能力提高 ,并具有较强的杀伤活性 .结论　CT2 6 -mIL - 2细胞分泌的IL - 2能有效地激活M ,这可能是CT2 6 -mIL - 2细胞体内致瘤性下降的原因之一 .     

Preactivation with IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 Induces CD25 and a Functional High-Affinity IL-2 Receptor on Human Cytokine-Induced Memory-like Natural Killer Cells

Natural killer (NK) cells are effector lymphocytes that are under clinical investigation for the adoptive immunotherapy of hematologic malignancies, especially acute myeloid leukemia. Recent work in mice has identified innate memory-like properties of NK cells. Human NK cells also exhibit memory-like properties, and cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML) NK cells are generated via brief preactivation with IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18, which later exhibit enhanced functionality upon restimulation. However, the optimal cytokine receptors and signals for maintenance of enhanced function and homeostasis after preactivation remain unclear. Here, we show that IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 preactivation induces a rapid and prolonged expression of CD25, resulting in a functional high-affinity IL-2 receptor (IL-2Rαβγ) that confers responsiveness to picomolar concentrations of IL-2. The expression of CD25 correlated with STAT5 phosphorylation in response to picomolar concentrations of IL-2, indicating the presence of a signal-competent IL-2Rαβγ. Furthermore, picomolar concentrations of IL-2 acted synergistically with IL-12 to costimulate IFN-γ production by preactivated NK cells, an effect that was CD25 dependent. Picomolar concentrations of IL-2 also enhanced NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity via the IL-2Rαβγ. Further, after adoptive transfer into immunodeficient NOD-SCID-γ_c^−/− mice, human cytokine–preactivated NK cells expand preferentially in response to exogenous IL-2. Collectively, these data demonstrate that human CIML NK cells respond to IL-2 via IL-2Rαβγ with enhanced survival and functionality, and they provide additional rationale for immunotherapeutic strategies that include brief cytokine preactivation before adoptive NK cell transfer, followed by low-dose IL-2 therapy.     

Lysis of pulmonary fibroblasts by lymphokine (IL-2)-activated killer cells—a mechanism affecting the human lung microenvironment?

In this study we investigated whether IL-2-activated killer cells may bind and exert lytic activity against non-transformed lung fibroblasts. We demonstrated that human lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells generated in vitro following incubation with recombinant IL-2 of either peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-LAK) or lymphocytes obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL-LAK), but not resting cells, can lyse normal lung fibroblasts obtained from transbronchial lung biopsies in a 4-h ⁵¹Cr release assay. Both autologous and allogeneic fibroblasts were consistently lysed by LAK cells, thus suggesting that the phenomenon we observed is not MHC-restricted. Since fibroblasts can bind IL-2 through specific receptors, we evaluated whether long-term culture with rIL-2 could modulate the susceptibility to lysis of target cells. Our data showed that autologous fibroblasts were more resistant to lysis than allogeneic fibroblasts when they were cultured with rIL-2. Since LAK cells have been demonstrated to release a series of different immunomodulatory cytokines, we evaluated the effect of short-term incubation of fibroblasts with different factors, including IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), on the binding and the lysis mediated by LAK cells. These cytokines were not directly cytotoxic on fibroblasts. Only IFN-γ was found to have a significant protective effect against the lysis. Our data support the concept that a self-directed cytotoxicity against pulmonary fibroblasts is generated during lymphocyte activation with rIL-2.     

IL—2／LAK细胞对麻风杆菌感染巨噬细胞的溶解作用

观察了小鼠IL-2/LAK细胞体外对麻风杆菌感染巨噬细胞(Mφ)的溶解作用。结果显示,当麻风杆菌感染Mφ比率在1:1,10:1和50:1时,经体外培养1,3和5天后,效应细胞与靶细胞比例在10:1时,对麻风杆菌感染Mφ比率在10:1和50:1的靶细胞溶解作用比没有感染的Mφ或麻风杆菌与Mφ比率1:1的靶细胞显著增加。而且溶解百分率随着培养时间增加而提高。用放射性同位素标记麻风杆菌的代谢活力测定发现,LAK细胞能抑制麻风杆菌氧化(14)~C-棕榈酸产生(14)~CO_2。提示IL-2/LAK细胞在溶解麻风杆菌感染的巨噬细胞时,可能还具有影响胞内杀菌物质对麻风杆菌活力代谢的作用。     

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Suppression of Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity in Postpartum Women

Citation Groer M, El‐Badri N, Djeu J, Harrington M, Van Eepoel J. Suppression of natural killer cell cytotoxicity in postpartum women. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 63: 209–213 Problem Natural Killer (NK) cell numbers and cytotoxicity are suppressed during pregnancy. Little is known about postpartum NK number and function. Method of study Postpartum women (n = 39) were studied at one week and then monthly over the first six postpartum months. The standard natural killer cell cytotoxicity assay (NKCA) was performed. This is a Cr51 release assay from K562 cells cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results Data indicate suppression of NK cytotoxicity in postpartum women. Cytotoxicity at each effector:target (E:T) ratio showed a drop from 1 week postpartum, reaching a nadir at around 2 months, and a trend towards recovery of cytotoxicity from 3 to 6 months. Lytic units (LUs) from pre‐incubated cells from postpartum women were lower than age‐matched, non‐pregnant, non‐postpartum controls through the fifth postpartum month. Conclusion These data suggest that the postpartum period, like pregnancy, is characterized by decreased NK cytotoxicity activity. This suppressed NK cytotoxic effect may result as a response to interaction with tolerized fetal microchimeric cells accumulated during pregnancy in maternal blood and tissues.     

人红细胞对LAK细胞DNA合成和IL-2受体表达影响的研究

本文用~3H-TdR掺入法、APAAP免疫染色法和MTT法研究人红细胞(RBC)对LAK细胞DNA合成、IL-2受体(IL-2R)表达及杀伤活性的影响。人RBC对LAK细胞DNA合成有抑制作用,对LAK细胞IL-2R表达和杀伤活性有促进作用。随RBC浓度增加,抑制作用和促进作用均明显加强。