内质网应激相关凋亡途径参与单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾间质纤维化

目的 探讨内质网应激（ERS）相关凋亡途径在单侧输尿管梗阻（UUO）大鼠肾间质纤维化发生、发展中的作用。 方法 健康雄性Wistar大鼠25只,按随机数字表法分为UUO模型组（n=18）和假手术组（n=7）,UUO模型组行左侧输尿管结扎术,假手术组仅分离输尿管不结扎,分别于术后3 d、7 d、14 d处死各组大鼠,行HE和Masson染色,观察肾脏病理变化;比色法测定肾组织羟脯氨酸（HYP）含量;免疫组化法检测α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）;原位末端标记法（TUNEL）与DNA电泳观察肾小管间质细胞凋亡情况;RT-PCR法检测梗阻侧肾组织ERS相关分子葡萄糖调节蛋白78（GRP78）mRNA表达变化;Western印迹法分析凋亡相关蛋白半胱氨酸天门冬氨酸蛋白酶3（caspase-3）和GRP78的蛋白表达变化。 结果 与假手术组比较,UUO模型组肾脏病理改变加重,肾间质纤维化程度随梗阻时间延长逐渐加重,肾组织HYP含量显著升高（P < 0.05）,肾组织α-SMA也在肾小管间质细胞广泛表达,TUNEL染色及DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳提示大量的肾小管间质细胞凋亡。UUO模型组GRP78 mRNA表达于术后3 d即发生显著上调,而蛋白表达在术后7 d开始出现显著变化,与假手术组差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.01）;在此后观察期间内GRP78 mRNA和蛋白均持续高水平表达。模型组大鼠肾组织caspase-3的蛋白表达在UUO术后3 d即有显著上调（P < 0.05）,且随着梗阻时间延长进行性升高,于术后7 d、14 d增多更为显著,与假手术组差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。相关分析显示GRP78蛋白表达与肾组织HYP含量和caspase-3蛋白表达均呈正相关（r = 0.657,P < 0.01;r = 0.714,P < 0.01）。 结论 UUO早期即可诱导ERS标志蛋白表达变化,触发ERS。长期ERS可诱导肾小管间质细胞凋亡;caspase-3介导的ERS相关凋亡途径可能参与了肾间质纤维化过程。     

大豆异黄酮对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾间质纤维化的影响

大豆异黄酮是近年来国内外研究较多的一种具有抗细胞增殖、抗癌与抗衰老作用的非营养成分,现有资料表明,异黄酮还有抗炎、抗氧化的作用犤1犦,可以抑制单核/巨噬细胞的活化和迁移以及抑制细胞间黏附分子(ICAM-1)的表达犤2犦。本实验以大鼠单侧输尿管梗阻模型(UUO)为研究对象,研究异黄酮对梗阻肾病理改变、ICAM-1表达及巨噬细胞浸润的影响,初步探讨异黄酮对肾间质纤维化(RIF)的抑制作用及其机制。一、材料与方法1.动物模型:雄性Wistar大鼠,6周龄,体重180～200g,随机分为假手术组(S)18只、对照组(C)30只和异黄酮组(G)42只。大鼠UUO模…     

姜黄素对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾间质纤维化的影响

目的 探讨姜黄素对单侧输尿管梗阻(UUO)大鼠模型的影响及其可能机制.方法 将30只大鼠随机分为3组,每组10只:假手术组、模型组、姜黄素组.模型组和姜黄素组行右侧输尿管接扎术,假手术组只游离不接扎.术后第14天处死各组中的大鼠,股动脉取血,检测血清肌酐、尿素氮;留取梗阻侧肾脏,Maason染色观察肾间质纤维化程度,免疫组织化学方法测定TGF-β1、CTGF的表达情况,RT-PCR技术榆测肾组织TGF-β1 mRNA、CTGF mRNA表达.结果 姜黄素降低了BUN、Scr的含量,同时姜黄素显著减少了大鼠肾间质TGF-β1、CTGF的表达,并有效改善了肾脏的病理学损伤.结论 姜黄素对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠有较明显的保护作用,这可能与其能减少大鼠肾间质TGF-β1、CTGF的表达有关.     

维甲酸抑制大鼠单侧输尿管梗阻模型肾间质纤维化

目的探讨维甲酸对大鼠单侧输尿管梗阻(UUO)模型肾间质纤维化的影响。方法建立大鼠UUO模型前2d治疗组和对照组分别每天给予10mg/kg全反式维甲酸或溶媒皮下注射。观察模型第3、7和12天肾小管损害百分比、肾间质纤维化程度、肾间质巨噬细胞数、肾间质α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、胶原Ⅲ和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)mRNA的表达。结果维甲酸显著减轻肾小管损害和肾间质纤维化(P<0.01)。治疗组肾间质巨噬细胞数和肾间质α-SMA表达显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。维甲酸显著抑制胶原Ⅲ和MCP-1mRNA表达(P<0.01)。结论维甲酸减少大鼠UUO模型肾间质巨噬细胞浸润、降低胶原Ⅲ和MCP-1mRNA表达、抑制α-SMA蛋白的表达,从而减轻肾间质纤维化。     

内质网应激相关凋亡途径参与单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾间质纤维化

Objective To investigate the effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated apoptosis on renal interstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rats. Methods Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats undergoing UUO were sacrificed at 3,7,14 days after operation. Additional seven rats underwent sham operation. Histological changes were observed by HE and Masson staining. Immunohistochemistry was performed on renal tissue for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Chromatometry was used to detect the content of hydroxyproline. Apoptosis cells were determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and the electrophoresis analysis of genome DNA. The mRNA expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), which are important markers of ERS, were detected by RT-PCR. Western blotting was used to assess the protein level of GRP78 and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (caspase-3). Results Compared with sham operation group, the degree of renal interstitial and the level of hydroxyproline content of UUO group increased significantly (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that a-SMA extensively expressed in renal tubular and interstitial cells. The apoptotic cells in the renal tubular and interstitium were continuously increased from day 3 to the end of experiment of UUO group. As early as 3 days after surgery, the mRNA level of GRP78 in UUO group increased compared with sham operation group (P<0.01), while the protein expression increased on day 7 after surgery (P<0.01). Prolonged ERS triggered apoptosis, the protein expression of caspase-3 increased significantly on day 3 after surgery (P< 0.05), and the expression sustained high level during the experiment afterwards. There was a positive correlation between GRP78 protein expression and hydroxyproline content (r =0.657, P< 0.01) as well as caspase-3 protein expression (r=0.714, P<0.01). Conclusions UUO induces a significant up-regulation in endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperones at early stage, indicating that ERS response is activated in the rat kidney. Prolonged ERS can lead to renal tubular and interstitial cell apoptosis, and caspase-3-mediated ERS associated apoptosis may contribute to the fibrosis.     

内质网应激相关凋亡途径参与单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾间质纤维化

Objective To investigate the effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated apoptosis on renal interstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rats. Methods Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats undergoing UUO were sacrificed at 3,7,14 days after operation. Additional seven rats underwent sham operation. Histological changes were observed by HE and Masson staining. Immunohistochemistry was performed on renal tissue for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Chromatometry was used to detect the content of hydroxyproline. Apoptosis cells were determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and the electrophoresis analysis of genome DNA. The mRNA expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), which are important markers of ERS, were detected by RT-PCR. Western blotting was used to assess the protein level of GRP78 and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (caspase-3). Results Compared with sham operation group, the degree of renal interstitial and the level of hydroxyproline content of UUO group increased significantly (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that a-SMA extensively expressed in renal tubular and interstitial cells. The apoptotic cells in the renal tubular and interstitium were continuously increased from day 3 to the end of experiment of UUO group. As early as 3 days after surgery, the mRNA level of GRP78 in UUO group increased compared with sham operation group (P<0.01), while the protein expression increased on day 7 after surgery (P<0.01). Prolonged ERS triggered apoptosis, the protein expression of caspase-3 increased significantly on day 3 after surgery (P< 0.05), and the expression sustained high level during the experiment afterwards. There was a positive correlation between GRP78 protein expression and hydroxyproline content (r =0.657, P< 0.01) as well as caspase-3 protein expression (r=0.714, P<0.01). Conclusions UUO induces a significant up-regulation in endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperones at early stage, indicating that ERS response is activated in the rat kidney. Prolonged ERS can lead to renal tubular and interstitial cell apoptosis, and caspase-3-mediated ERS associated apoptosis may contribute to the fibrosis.     

依普利酮对大鼠单侧输尿管梗阻模型肾间质纤维化的影响

目的：研究依普利酮对大鼠单侧输尿管梗阻（UUO）模型肾间质纤维化的影响,探讨依普利酮的抗肾间质纤维化作用机制。方法：42只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成假手术（SO）组、UUO组和UUO＋依普利酮治疗组（T-UUO组,依普利酮100mg.kg-1.d-1）。于术后7d、14d分别处死各组7只大鼠。免疫组织化学法测定α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-smoothmuscle actin,α-SMA）、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1）、单核细胞/巨噬细胞-1（monocytes/macrophages-1,ED-1）,及增殖细胞核抗原（proliferative cell nuclear antigen,PCNA）的表达。结果：UUO组肾间质α-SMA、MCP-1、ED-1、PCNA的表达较SO组增加（P〈0.05）;在术后各时间点,使用依普利酮治疗的T-UUO组大鼠肾间质α-SMA、MCP-1、ED-1、PCNA的表达较UUO组显著减少（P〈0.05）,但仍高于SO组（P〈0.05）。结论：依普利酮可通过降低α-SMA和MCP-1表达、抑制单核/巨噬细胞浸润和和系膜细胞增生,减轻肾间质纤维化。     

JAK-STAT通路在小鼠单侧输尿管梗阻模型肾间质纤维化中的作用

目的 探讨Janus蛋白酪氨酸激酶-信号转导子和转录激活子(JAK-STAT)通路在小鼠单侧输尿管梗阻(UUO)模型.肾间质纤维化过程中的作用.方法 选用30只雄性Balb/c小鼠建立小鼠UUO模型(n=24)和假手术小鼠(n=6),术后第1、4、7和14天检测JAK-STAT磷酸化情况.另把18只雄性Balb/c小鼠随机分为假手术组、UUO模型组和治疗组,每组各6只.治疗组在建模前2 h开始给予选择性JAK2抑制剂AG490治疗,每天1次;模型组仅注射溶媒.术后第14天处死动物.组织学评估肾小管损伤和.肾间质纤维化程度;免疫组化检测肾脏巨噬细胞浸润和α-SMA表达;RT-PCR检测Ⅲ型胶原和单核细胞趋化蛋白(MCP)1 mRNA表达;Western印迹检测JAK2和STATl磷酸化.结果 JAK2-STAT1在UUO模型中被激活,其磷酸化水平与病情、肾小管组织学损害以及.肾间质纤维化相一致.AG490能显著抑制JAK2和STAT1的磷酸化(P＜0.01).AG490治疗显著减轻肾小管损害[(21.7±1.7)%比(49.4±1.0)%]和肾间质纤维化(1.0±0.1比2.3±0.2)、α-SMA表达(0.9±0.1比2.1±0.2)和巨噬细胞积聚[(13.3±1.6)细胞/HPF比(34.4±1.0)细胞/HPF](均P＜0.01).AG490治疗显著抑制Ⅲ型胶原和MCP-1 mRNA表达.结论 JAK-STAT信号通路在肾小管间质炎性反应和纤维化中发挥重要作用.     

杜仲对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾间质纤维化的影响

目的：观察杜仲对单侧输尿管梗阻（unilateral ureteral obstruction,UUO）大鼠肾间质纤维化的影响并探讨其可能机制。方法：采用单侧输尿管梗阻（UUO）肾间质纤维化模型,将32只大鼠随机分为4组,每组8只,即假手术组、模型组、替米沙坦组和杜仲组。替米沙坦组给予替米沙坦10 mg.kg-1.d-1、杜仲组给予杜仲6 g.kg-1.d-1治疗。术后2周处死大鼠,收集血清测定尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Scr）,光镜下观察Masson和HE染色肾间质的病理改变,并应用免疫组织化学方法检测肾组织α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）和纤维连接蛋白（FN）的表达。结果：模型组与两治疗组大鼠血清Scr、BUN上升,与假手术组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;模型组、杜仲组、替米沙坦组肾间质纤维化程度均较假手术组明显增高（P〈0.05）;模型组α-SMA、FN的表达增加,与假手术组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;杜仲组与模型组相比,α-SMA、FN的表达下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;杜仲组与替米沙坦组各指标比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：杜仲能降低UUO大鼠BUN、Scr水平,改善肾功能;能够抑制α-SMA和FN在UUO大鼠肾组织中表达上调,减少UUO大鼠肾间质纤维化面积。     

和解聚散方对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾间质纤维化的防治作用

目的：研究和解聚散方对单侧输尿管梗阻（unilateral ureteral obstruction,UUO）大鼠肾间质纤维化的防治作用。方法：采用UUO建立大鼠肾间质纤维化模型,随机分为模型组、贝那普利组和和解聚散方组,另设假手术组;术后7d、14d、21d分批取材,检测血清肌酐、尿素氮,采用HE和Masson染色检测肾脏病理、免疫组化法检测肾组织TGF-β1的表达。结果：与模型组相比,和解聚散方组血清尿素氮、血清肌酐水平均降低（P〈0.05）,肾小管损害百分比和肾间质损害分值较低（P〈0.05）,肾组织TGF-β1表达减少（P〈0.05）。结论：和解聚散方可以降低尿素氮、血清肌酐水平,减轻大鼠肾间质纤维化的程度,下调UUO大鼠肾组织TGF-β1的表达,验证了和解聚散法的正确性。     

红细胞生成素对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾间质纤维化的保护作用

肾间质纤维化几乎是所有慢性肾脏疾病发展至终末期肾衰竭(ESRD)的共同通路.梗阻性肾病的病理变化主要表现为肾小管萎缩和间质纤维化,而肾小管上皮细胞凋亡是肾小管萎缩和肾实质丧失的主要原因[1,2].红细胞生成素(EPO)能调节红细胞生成以增加组织供氧,除此之外,EPO也是一种抗凋亡因子,介导多种细胞抗凋亡作用.Koury等[3]报道EPO调节红细胞生成的一种主要机制就是防止红系祖细胞凋亡.而EPO对肾间质纤维化的影响及其机制尚未见阐明.本研究旨在观察EPO对肾间质纤维化的影响并初步探讨其可能的作用机制.     

螺内酯对肾间质纤维化中细胞增殖凋亡失衡的影响

螺内酯是醛固酮受体拮抗剂，传统认为是弱效利尿剂，新近发现它能改善单侧输尿管梗阻（UUO）大鼠肾间质纤维化病变程度，但作用机制尚不清楚。本研究从细胞增殖凋亡失衡角度来探讨醛固酮受体拮抗剂对UUO大鼠肾间质纤维化的作用。     

水飞蓟素对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾脏纤维化的影响

目的探讨水飞蓟素对单侧输尿管梗阻（UUO）大鼠肾间质纤维化的作用及其可能机制。方法雄性SD大鼠36只,随机分为3组：假手术组（C组）、模型组（M组）及水飞蓟素治疗组（S组,50mg·kg^-1·d^-1）,每组12只。术后第7、21天分别处死每组大鼠6只,光镜观察梗阻肾组织病理变化,并分别用免疫组织化学方法及RT-PCR方法半定量检测各组肾组织骨桥蛋白（OPN）和纤维连接蛋白（FN）的蛋白质及mRNA表达水平。结果M组大鼠肾小管间质损伤及纤维化明显,S组病变与其相似但显著减轻（P〈0．05）;与C组相比,M组OPN和FN的mRNA及蛋白质表达水平均显著上调（P〈0．01）,S组表达较M组明显下降（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）。结论水飞蓟素能抑制OPN和FN的表达进而减少细胞外基质的沉积而发挥肾脏保护作用。     

螺内酯对梗阻性肾病大鼠肾间质纤维化的防治作用

肾小管间质纤维化是进行性肾损害的主要病理特征,阻抑肾间质纤维化的进展意义重大。醛固酮在肾脏病进展中起重要作用,然而拮抗醛固酮的作用对肾间质纤维化的影响及其机制仍未阐明。在本研究中我们观察了醛固酮受体拮抗剂螺内酯对肾间质纤维化的影响并初步探讨了其可能的作用机制。一、材料与方法     

Osteopontin regulates renal apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis in neonatal chronic unilateral ureteral obstruction

Congenital obstructive nephropathy is a major cause of renal insufficiency in children. Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphoprotein produced by the kidney that mediates cell adhesion and migration. We investigated the role of OPN in the renal response to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in neonatal mice. OPN null mutant (-/-) and wild-type (+/+) mice were subjected to sham operation or UUO within the first 2 days of life. At 7 and 21 days of age, fibroblasts (fibroblast-specific protein (FSP)-1), myofibroblasts (alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA)), and macrophages (F4/80) were identified by immunohistochemical staining. Apoptotic cells were detected by terminal deoxy transferase uridine triphosphate nick end-labeling technique and interstitial collagen by Masson trichrome or picrosirius red stain. Compared to sham-operated or contralateral kidneys, obstructed kidneys showed increases in all parameters by 7 days, with further increases by 21 days. After 21 days UUO, there was an increase in tubular and interstitial apoptosis in OPN -/- mice as compared to +/+ animals (P<0.05). However, FSP-1- and alpha-SMA-positive cells and collagen in the obstructed kidney were decreased in OPN -/- compared to +/+ mice (P<0.05), whereas the interstitial macrophage population did not differ between groups. We conclude that OPN plays a significant role in the recruitment and activation of interstitial fibroblasts to myofibroblasts in the progression of interstitial fibrosis in the developing hydronephrotic kidney. However, OPN also suppresses apoptosis. Future approaches to limit the progression of obstructive nephropathy in the developing kidney will require targeting of specific renal compartments.     

替普瑞酮对大鼠梗阻性肾病间质纤维化的影响

目的探讨替普瑞酮（GGA）对大鼠梗阻性肾病模型（UUO）肾间质纤维化的影响和可能机制。方法15只SD大鼠随机分成3组：假手术组、UUO模型组和GGA治疗组，每组5只。从建立UUO模型前1d开始，GGA治疗组和模型组分别给予400mg／kgGGA和溶媒（0．05％阿拉伯树胶＋0．008％维生素E）灌胃，每天1次，术后第7天处死大鼠。常规染色观察肾脏组织病理改变。间接免疫荧光和Western印迹检测肾脏E-钙黏蛋白（E—cadherin）和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）的水平。TUNEL染色和PCNA免疫组织化学染色分别观察肾小管上皮细胞的凋亡和增生情况。结果GGA能诱导肾脏特异性高表达热休克蛋白72（HSP72）。与UUO模型组相比，GGA治疗组肾小管损伤和肾问质纤维化的程度明显减轻『肾小管损害百分比（48．7％±1．3％比65．8％±7．3％）；肾间质损害分值（0．40±0．08比1．36±0．50），P均〈0．05】；E—cadherin蛋白水平增加，α-SMA蛋白水平降低（P均〈0．05）；每高倍视野中TUNEL阳性和PCNA染色阳性的细胞数显著减少（分别为6．78±1．25比2．81±0．63，57．61±5．42比17．66±1．38，P均〈0．05）。结论GGA可能通过抑制肾小管上皮细胞的凋亡，延缓大鼠梗阻性肾病肾间质纤维化的进程。     

Y-27632 prevents tubulointerstitial fibrosis in mouse kidneys with unilateral ureteral obstruction

BACKGROUND: The small GTPase Rho is involved in cell-to-substratum adhesion and cell contraction. These actions of Rho mediated by downstream Rho effectors such as Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase (ROCK) may be partly responsible for the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis. METHODS: The anti-fibrosis effects of Y-27632, a specific ROCK inhibitor, were studied both in vivo (unilateral ureteral obstruction; UUO) and in vitro. To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Y-27632 in UUO kidneys, smooth muscle alpha actin (SMalphaA) expression, macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in the obstructed kidneys were studied. SMalphaA, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), alpha1 (I) collagen, osteopontin, macrophage chemoattractant peptide-1 (MCP-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene expression were examined by Northern blotting. To elucidate the mechanism linking the Rho-ROCK pathway with renal fibrosis, the effects of Y-27632 on in vitro cell proliferation and cell migration were studied. RESULTS: In vivo analysis showed that Y-27632 suppressed SMalphaA expression, macrophage infiltration and interstitial fibrosis, and that Y-27632 suppressed SMalphaA, TGF-beta and alpha1 (I) collagen mRNA expression. In vitro analysis showed that Y-27632 did not suppress proliferation of renal fibroblasts but suppressed migration of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: The Rho-ROCK system may play an important role in the development of tissue fibrosis, and the Rho-ROCK signaling pathway may be a new therapeutic target for preventing interstitial fibrosis in progressive renal disease.     

Smad 6和Smad 7基因治疗对肾小管间质纤维化进程的影响

目的 观察腺相关病毒(rAAV)介导的Smad6和Smad7基因治疗对单侧输尿管梗阻性(LIUO)肾小管间质纤维化进程的影响。方法 构建产生表达Smad6和Smad7基因的无辅毒腺相关病毒载体，再将此病毒颗粒通过肾动脉途径转移到UUO模型。30只Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、梗阻组、LacZ AAV转染组、Smad6 AAV转染组和Smad7 AAV转染组(n=6)，于术后第3周处死大鼠。采用β-半乳糖苷酶染色和免疫组化观察外源基因的定位，Western印迹法观察外源基因、胞内磷酸化Smad2、PAI-1和α-SMA的表达；底物酶谱法检测MMP-2和MMP-9活性，分光光度法测定肾组织羟脯氨酸含量。结果 Smad6和Smad7成功地转染到外髓的肾小管间质区，定位在肾小管和集合管细胞，而血管细胞、肾小球或间质细胞均未见有AAV转移基因的表达。Smad7基因治疗可显著降低肾组织PAI-1、α-SMA的表达和肾组织羟脯氨酸含量，增加MMP-2和MMP-9活性，这些作用与Smad7阻断Smad2磷酸化有关。相反，Smad6没有这样的治疗作用。结论 Smad7基因转移能有效缓解单侧输尿管梗阻肾小管间质纤维化，AAV介导的Smad7基因转移有望成为治疗肾小管间质纤维化的方法之一。     

骨成形蛋白-7在大鼠肾小管间质损害中的作用

目的观察单侧输尿管梗阻(UUO)大鼠中骨成形蛋白-7(BMP-7)在肾小管间质中的表达部位、动态变化及其与肾小管间质损害的关系。方法60只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常大鼠组、假手术组和单侧输尿管梗阻组,分别于术后1d、3d、7d、14d处死。采用RT-PCR方法检测BMP-7mRNA、TGF-β1.mRNA表达水平,免疫组化方法检测肾小管间质中BMP-7、TGF-β1、α-SMA的蛋白定位、表达及其与输尿管梗阻后肾小管间质损害的关系。结果与对照组相比,BMP-7mRNA于术后第1天即出现表达下降并随梗阻时间延长递减;而TGF-β1mRNA则随梗阻时间延长而递增(P均<0.05)。BMP-7蛋白在对照组中高度表达,主要分布在肾小管及肾间质,肾小球内基本无表达。在梗阻组随着肾间质损害的加重,BMP-7蛋白表达呈进行性下降,第14天表达量最弱,几乎没有明显的阳性表达,而TGF-β1、α-SMA蛋白表达则逐渐增加(P均<0.01)。BMP-7与TGF-β1蛋白表达阳性面积成显著负相关(r=-0.875,P<0.05)。BMP-7与α-SMA蛋白表达阳性面积亦成显著负相关(r=-0.843,P<0.05)。结论BMP-7于肾小管间质病变早期即出现表达下调,早于肾间质纤维化的出现,其表达量与肾间质TGF-β1、α-SMA表达负相关且随间质病变进展进行性下降。BMP-7表达下调可能参与介导肾小管间质损害的发生发展。