杭州地区产绞股蓝中有效成分研究

对杭州地区产的绞股蓝进行化学成分分析,对绞股蓝总皂甙进行水解,柱层析分离,获得二个结晶性的皂甙元Ⅰ及Ⅱ。甙元Ⅰ经鉴定为人参二醇。绞股蓝总皂甙的药理试验显示具有人参皂甙适应原样的作用:可明显提高小鼠对常压缺氧的耐受性,能促进幼年小鼠的生长与发育,增强小鼠耐高温和抗疲劳的作用。     

三七皂甙Rb_1、Rg_1对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注心律失常的保护作用

<正> 三七根总皂甙主要含皂甙和少量黄酮,三七皂甙Rb_1、Rg_1为从三七根总皂甙中提取的人参三醇,人参二醇衍生单体。本研究在大鼠造成心肌缺血再灌注心律失常模型,观察三七皂甙单体Rb_1、Rg_1的保护效应,为探讨其作用机制并与自由基清除剂超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)进行比较。     

楤木根皮中皂甙化学成分的研究

楤木根皮中的主要成分是皂甙。将总皂甙以柱层析分离,得到三个化合物(Ⅰ～Ⅲ),经光谱分析和化学方法证明,Ⅰ为楤木皂甙A(araloside A);Ⅱ为银莲花甙(narcissiflorine);Ⅲ是3-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→)2)-α-L-阿拉伯糖]-齐墩果酸。Ⅲ为一新皂甙,命名为楤木皂甙D(araloside D)。     

人参皂甙及其组分对心肌细胞缺氧、再给氧和心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

人参总皂甙(83μg/ml)及其组分Rb+Ro(简称Rb+Ro)能保护大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞培养缺糖缺氧性损伤,减少再给氧损伤时乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放,降低离体大鼠心脏缺血再灌注损伤时肌酸磷酸激酶(CPK)释放。250μg/ml人参总皂甙和人参皂甙Rg以上组分(简称Rg)则促进心肌细胞LDH释放。说明较低剂量人参总皂甙和人参皂甙Rb+Ro组分对心肌缺氧和再给氧与再灌注有保护作用;人参总皂甙抗心肌缺血和再灌注损伤的有效组分为Rb+Ro。     

楤木根皮中皂甙化学成分的研究

楤木根皮中的主要成分是皂甙。将总皂甙以柱层析分离,得到三个化合物(Ⅰ～Ⅲ),经光谱分析和化学方法证明,Ⅰ为楤木皂甙A(araloside A);Ⅱ为银莲花甙(narcissiflorine);Ⅲ是3-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→)2)-α-L-阿拉伯糖]-齐墩果酸。Ⅲ为一新皂甙,命名为楤木皂甙D(araloside D)。     

三七叶总皂甙的毒性研究

三七(Panax notoginseng(Burk) F.H.Chen)为我国常用中药之一,具有滋补强壮,止血化瘀,消肿定痛等功能,用于治疗跌打损伤,止血定痛等症。我所化学室三七组从三七叶中分离得到一个具有多种生理活性的组份,经鉴定为以含人参二醇型皂甙为主的总皂甙,三七叶总皂甙具有明显的镇静及镇痛消炎作用,本文报道其三七叶总皂甙的毒性作用。     

洋参五加口服液有效成分的薄层鉴别

<正> 洋参五加口服液具有滋补强壮,提高机体免疫力,消除疲劳等作用,对中老年保健、防止衰老及神经衰弱患者有较好的防治作用.该产品已于1989年7月通过省级鉴定. 本品以西洋参(Panax quinquefolium Linn.)茎叶总皂甙和倒卵叶五加(Acanthopanax obovatus Hoo)浸膏为主药,佐以蜂蜜、蔗糖等调味剂制成,为保证其质量,我们采用薄层层析法对其主要成分进行鉴别. 实验证明,西洋参茎叶总皂甙中含人参皂甙R_(g1)、Rd、Re、Rb和24(R)-假人参皂甙     

西洋参茎叶皂甙对离体家兔胸主动脉条的作用

西洋参茎叶皂甙对离体家兔胸主动脉条的作用吴捷，于晓江，刘传镐（西安医科大学临床药理研究所，西安７１００６１）西洋参茎叶皂甙（ｓａｐｏｎｉｎｓｏｆＰａｎａｘｑｕｉｎｑｕｅ－ｆｏｌｉｕｍｌｅａｆａｎｄｓｔｅｍ，ＳＰＱ）系从西洋参地上部分提取的总皂甙，具有...     

人参化学成分的研究——13.人参果肉的皂甙类成分研究(Ⅰ)

<正> 人参果皂甙不仅具有抗衰老、抗心律不齐作用,最近发现对再生障碍性贫血有较好作用。为更好开发利用人参地上部分资源,我们在国内外研究的基础上又深入地进行了研究。日本学者Yahara等从人参果中分离鉴定了五种成分是Rb_2、Rc、Rd、Re和Rg_1,收得率分别为0.2、0.1、0.1、0.6、0.04%。我们采用吉林省桦甸县五年生人参果肉(鲜)20公斤经用D-吸附树脂吸附皂甙,除去水溶性糖类杂质及脂溶性杂质,经脱色得总皂甙,将总皂甙用低压硅胶柱层析及分子筛She-phadexLH-20层析方法,分离得到九种单体,经用IR、~(13)C-NMR、FD-MS及标准品对照等方法鉴定了八种结构,分别为人参皂甙(ginsenosides)-Rb_1(收得率为0.02%)、-Rb_2(0.09%)、-Rc(0.08%)、-Rd(0.06%、Re(6.0%)、Rg_1(0.02%)、-Rg_2(20S)(0.01%)、-Rg_2(20R)(0.01%)、-Rh_1(0.02%)及一种未知皂甙(结构式正在研究中)。其中人参皂甙-Rb_1,-Rg_2,-Rh_1系首次自人参果肉中分离得到的已知微量皂甙类成分。本文对三种不同产地的人参果肉用高效薄层层析法定性检出结果如下表。     

人参皂甙对犬心肌Na~+、K~+-ATP酶活力的影响

人参茎叶总皂甙(GNS)和人参根总皂甙(GRS)10、20和40mg/kg,显著抑制犬心肌细胞膜Na~+,K~+-ATP酶的活力;人参茎叶二醇组皂甙(PDS)和三醇组皂甙(PTS)5、10和20mg/kg,也显著抑制Na~+,K~+-ATP酶的活力。离体实验表明:GNS、GRS、PDS和PTS在0.01、0.10和1.00g/L,对犬心肌细胞膜Na~+,K~+-ATP酶的活力均具有抑制作用。提示人参的正性肌力作用可能与其对心肌Na~+,K~+-ATP酶的抑制有关。     

黄甘草皂甙的结构

本文报道自黄甘草(Glycyrrhiza eurycarpa P.C.Li)根茎中获得两个皂甙化合物K-3和K-4。根据理化性质和光谱数据鉴定K-4为3-β-羟基-11-氧化-齐墩果-12-烯-30-羧酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甙,为一新的天然产物,命名为黄甘草皂甙(glyeurysaponin)。K-3为已知皂甙乌拉尔甘草皂甙乙(uralsaponin B)。二者均为首次从该种植物中获得。本文报道化合物K-4的结构鉴定。     

An unusual new sulfated triterpene saponin from Arenaria juncea

A novel triterpene saponin, 3-Osulfate-gypsogenic acid-23-O-beta-D-4-O-sulfate-glucopyranoside (junceoside D), has been isolated from the roots of Arenaria juncea. The structure was characterized mainly by a combination of 2D-NMR techniques, mass spectrometry and chemical methods.     

Studies on dammarane-type saponins in the flower-buds of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

From the dried flower-buds of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, a new minor dammarane-type triterpene saponin named ginsenoside III together with nine known saponins was isolated. On the basis of spectral and chemical evidence, the structure of the new saponin was elucidated as 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,12β,20(S)-trihydroxy-dammar-25-en-24-one.     

In vitro antiviral activity of a saponin from Anagallis arvensis, Primulaceae, against herpes simplex virus and poliovirus

The antiviral activity of a triterpene saponin isolated from Anagallis arvensis, Primulaceae, was studied in vitro against several viruses including herpes simplex type 1, adenovirus type 6, vaccinia, vesicular stomatitis and poliovirus. The drug was found to inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and poliovirus type 2 as shown by inhibition of cytopathic effect and reduction of virus production. The action was not due to a virucidal effect but might involve inhibition of virus-host cell attachment. Single cycle experiments indicated that saponin interfered with both early and late events of herpes virus replication.     

A triterpene saponin from Tribulus terrestris attenuates apoptosis in cardiocyte via activating PKC signalling transduction pathway

The present study was conducted to examine the role of hecogenin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (1), which is a triterpene saponin of Tribulus terrestris in cardiocytes during chemical hypoxia-ischaemia in vitro. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were isolated by collagenase digestion and treated with NaCN for 12 h. Cell apoptosis was defined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) and flow cytometry. [Ca(2+)] was measured by confocal microscopy. There was a marked increase in the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, by NaCN. This change was increased by the saponin 1. PKCepsilon protein contents were increased in the cardiocyte membrane fraction in response to NaCN. PKCepsilon activation was augmented by the saponin 1. Inhibition of PKCepsilon with inhibitory peptide prevented Bcl-2 expression. Moreover, the saponin attenuated the apoptosis in cardiocyte in response to NaCN. It is therefore suggested that the saponin 1 may play a role in cardiocyte survival via PKCepsilon and Bcl-2.     

辽东楤木芽中的一个新三萜皂苷

目的对从辽东木芽中提取的总皂苷进行化学成分的研究。方法通过硅胶柱色谱和制备HPLC等手段分离 ,利用理化性质和光谱方法鉴定。结果得到化合物 (1) ,鉴定为 3 O β D glu copyranosyl (1→ 4 ) β D glucopyranosylechinocysticacid。 结论该化合物为未见文献报道的新化合物 ,命名为木芽皂苷C (congmuyanosideC)。     

辽东楤木芽中的一个新三萜皂苷

目的对从辽东木芽中提取的总皂苷进行化学成分的研究。方法通过硅胶柱色谱和制备HPLC等手段分离,利用理化性质和光谱方法鉴定。结果得到化合物1,鉴定为3O[βDglu-copyranosyl(1→3)βDglucopyranosyl]caulophyllogenin。结论该化合物为未见文献报道的新化合物,命名为木芽皂苷Ⅰ(congmuyanosideⅠ)。     

Determination of some surface-active characteristics of solutions of triterpene saponin derivatives of oleanolic acid

The surface-active characteristics of triterpene saponin derivatives of oleanolic acid were determined: the critical micelle concentration, the surface activity, the absorption layer thickness, the area per molecule, etc. These results will be of value in predicting, executing, and intensifying various processes involving these substances.     

Analytical methods for determination of magnoflorine and saponins from roots of Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx. using UPLC, HPLC and HPTLC

Analytical methods including HPLC, UPLC and HPTLC are presented for the determination of major alkaloid and triterpene saponins from the roots of Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx. (blue cohosh) and dietary supplements claiming to contain blue cohosh. A separation by LC was achieved using a reversed phase column, PDA with ELS detection, and ammonium acetate/acetonitrile gradient as the mobile phase. Owing to their low UV absorption, the triterpene saponins were detected by evaporative light scattering. The eight triterpene saponins (cauloside H, leonticin D, cauloside G, cauloside D, cauloside B, cauloside C, cauloside A and saponin PE) and the alkaloid magnoflorine could be separated within 35 min using HPLC method and within 8.0 min using UPLC method with detection limits of 10 μg/mL for saponins and 1 μg/mL for magnoflorine. The detection wavelength was 320 nm for magnoflorine and ELS detection was used for the eight saponins. The methods were also successfully applied to analyze different dietary supplements. For the products claiming to contain blue cohosh, there was a significant variability in the amounts of triterpene saponins detected. Calculations based on the analysis results for dietary supplements showed that maximum daily intake of alkaloid and saponins vary with the form (solids/liquids) and recommended doses according to the products label. Intakes varied from 0.57 to 15.8 mg/day for magnoflorine and from 5.97 to 302.4 mg/day for total saponins. LC-mass spectrometry coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) method is described for the identification and confirmation of nine compounds in plant samples and dietary products. A HPTLC method was also developed for the fast chemical fingerprint analysis of C. thalictroides samples.     

Eclalbatin, a triterpene saponin from Eclipta alba

From the whole plant of Eclipta alba, a new triterpene saponin, named eclalbatin, together with alpha-amyrin, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid were isolated. The structure of eclalbatin has been established as 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3-beta-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid, 28-O-beta-D-arabinopyranoside (1) on the basis of chemical and spectral data.