老年心肌梗死患者后期心脏康复依从性的影响因素

目的 探讨老年心肌梗死患者后期心脏康复(CR)依从性的影响因素。方法 纳入琼海市人民医院2019年6月至2021年6月收治的178例老年心肌梗死患者为研究对象,对患者一般资料、CR相关信息知晓度、社会支持、焦虑、抑郁及一般自我效能进行问卷调查,并统计其院外早期(Ⅱ期)CR依从性。根据Ⅱ期CR依从性将患者分为依从性良好组(19例)和依从性不佳组(159例)。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,分别采用t检验或χ²检验进行组间比较。采用二元logistic回归模型分析老年心肌梗死患者Ⅱ期CR依从性的影响因素。结果 178例患者Ⅱ期CR依从性良好者共19例(10.67%)。二元logistic回归分析结果显示,CR相关信息知晓度(OR=0.460,95%CI 0.339~0.625;P<0.05)、社会支持程度(OR=0.498,95%CI 0.318~0.778;P<0.05)及患者心脏自我效能(OR=0.294,95%CI 0.096~0.894;P<0.05)是老年心肌梗死患者Ⅱ期CR依从性的保护因素,而焦虑(OR=1.455,95%CI 1.299~1.630;P<0.05)是其危险因素。结论 老年心肌梗死患者Ⅱ期CR依从性整体处于较低水平,建议从提高患者自身疾病效能感、CR康复相关知识知晓度及社会支持力度、缓解患者焦虑情绪几个方面入手,提高其CR依从性。     

结直肠肿瘤内镜黏膜下剥离术完整切除及手术时间的影响因素分析

目的 探讨结直肠肿瘤内镜黏膜下剥离术（ESD）完整切除及手术时间的影响因素。方法 收集2013年1月至2014年12月在吉林大学第一医院胃肠内科内镜中心行结直肠ESD手术的88例患者的95处病变,评估所有纳入病例的临床结果,用Logistic回归分析研究影响完整切除及手术时间的因素。结果 病变大小8～80 mm,平均（28.7±14.1）mm;平均手术时间（80.72±63.90）min。95处病变中,总体完整切除率为92.6％（88／95）,非完整切除率为7.4％（7／95）。多因素回归分析示纤维化（P=0.012,OR=52.473,95%CI：2.571～1 140.438）是导致非完整切除的独立危险因素,纤维化（P=0.001,OR=0.045,95%CI：0.007～0.289）、病变大小（P=0.035,OR=0.170,95%CI：0.033～0.884）、病变形态（颗粒型侧向发育型：P=0.013,OR=34.432,95%CI：2.138～554.476;非颗粒型侧向发育型：P=0.044,OR=31.715,95%CI：1.093～919.904）是延长手术时间的独立危险因素。结论 重度纤维化容易导致非完整切除。纤维化程度越重、病变越大,手术时间越长。     

老年急性缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者出院后生活质量现状及其影响因素

目的 分析老年急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)偏瘫患者出院后生活质量现状及其影响因素。方法 收集2022年1月至12月江苏省人民医院神经内科收治的408例老年AIS偏瘫患者的临床资料。使用卒中专门生存质量量表(SSQOL)评估患者出院后1个月的生活质量。根据SSQOL评分结果,将患者分为生活质量良好组(SSQOL评分≥123分,n=225)及生活质量不良组(SSQOL评分＜123分,n=183)。使用SPSS 23.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,组间比较分别采用独立样本t检验或χ²检验。采用多因素logistic回归分析影响老年AIS偏瘫患者出院后生活质量的危险因素。结果 408例老年AIS偏瘫患者出院后1个月SSQOL评分为(136.35±5.38)分,标准化得分为(56.30±5.21)%,生活质量处于中等水平。生活质量不良组与生活质量良好组医疗费用支付方式、婚姻状况、主要照护者、患侧Ashworth痉挛分级、日常生活能力及抑郁症状方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,医疗费用自费(OR=2.573,95%CI 1.550~4.271)、患侧Ashworth痉挛分级为Ⅱ级(OR=2.085,95%CI 1.030~4.223)、日常生活重度依赖(OR=3.435,95%CI 2.285~5.163)、抑郁症状(OR=3.114,95%CI 1.919~5.054)是老年AIS偏瘫患者出院后生活质量不良的危险因素(均P＜0.05);已婚(OR=0.573,95%CI 0.031~0.892)、主要照护者为配偶(OR=0.642,95%CI 0.109~0.980)则为保护因素(均P＜0.05)。结论 医疗经济负担、患侧肌张力较高、日常生活能力受限以及抑郁是老年AIS偏瘫患者出院后生活质量的重要影响因素,而配偶陪伴及照护对改善患者生活质量有利。     

老年肺间质纤维化患者生存现状调查

目的 调查老年肺间质纤维化患者生存现状并分析其相关因素。方法 将2020年6月到2022年6月新疆医科大学第一附属医院收治的246例老年肺间质纤维化患者纳为老年组,同期收治的160例非老年肺间质纤维化患者纳为非老年组。采用中文版特发性肺纤维化患者生活质量特异性量表(cATAQ-IPF)调查患者生活质量,中文版死亡态度描绘(DAP-R)量表调查患者死亡态度,对比老年组与非老年组临床特征。采用二元logistic回归模型分析影响老年组患者生活质量的相关因素;采用Pearson相关分析老年组患者生活质量与死亡态度之间的相关性。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,组间比较分别采用t检验及χ²检验。结果 老年组及非老年组中分别有220例及150例患者完成相关调查,对比发现,老年组年龄,合并高血压、糖尿病、冠心病比例,病程以及肺间质性纤维化-年龄-肺功能(ILD-GAP)指数高于非老年组,文化程度及cATAQ-IPF量表总得分均低于非老年组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。老年肺间质纤维化患者cATAQ-IPF量表总得分(264.64±36.78)分,其中受损最严重的三个维度分别是呼吸困难、死亡敏感、社交活动,受损相对最轻的维度是人际关系。二元logistic回归分析提示,病程(OR=2.323,95%CI 1.382~3.906)、ILD-GAP指数(OR=3.725,95%CI 1.285~10.797)、用力肺活量(OR=2.404,95%CI 1.514~3.817)、医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表(OR=2.102,95%CI 1.555~2.843)、焦虑(OR=1.774,95%CI 1.143~2.751)、抑郁(OR=1.610,95%CI 1.124~2.304)是影响老年肺间质纤维化患者生活质量的危险因素,而有配偶(OR=0.619,95%CI 0.474~0.809)及医学应对方式(OR=0.489,95%CI 0.355~0.673)是其生活质量的保护因素(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析提示,患者生活质量得分与其死亡恐惧及死亡逃避之间呈正相关(r=0.246、0.233; P=0.036、0.043),与自然接受之间呈负相关(r=-0.278; P=0.021)。结论 与非老年组患者相比,老年肺间质纤维化患者合并基础性疾病更多,肺间质纤维化病程更长,病情更为严重,生活质量更低;除疾病相关因素外,心理因素对其生活质量均有影响,建议临床增加对老年肺间质纤维化患者心理健康的关注与干预。     

幕上自发性脑出血合并昏迷患者急诊血肿清除术后脑电监测对预后评估的价值

［摘要］　目的　探讨幕上自发性脑出血合并昏迷患者术后脑电监测对预后评估的价值。方法　收集重庆医科大学附属第三医院2016年4月至2020年4月神经疾病科重症监护室发病72 h内的幕上自发性脑出血合并昏迷并行急诊血肿清除术患者136例,术后14 d行床旁视频脑电监测并分析脑电图（EEG）特征,术后90 d通过扩展的格拉斯哥预后评分（GOS-E）评估预后。结果　136例患者中69例（50.7%）预后良好,67例（49.3%）预后不良。logistic回归分析显示,血肿体积较大（OR=6.450,95%CI：3.018～13.783）、EEG Young分级较高（OR=2.516,95%CI：1.804～3.510）、EEG无反应性（OR=2.167,95%CI：1.091～4.303）、无睡眠波（OR=3.040,95%CI：1.319～7.006）提示预后不良;格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GCS）评分得分越高（OR=0.549,95%CI：0.242～1.246）提示预后越好。结论　脑电监测可作为幕上自发性脑出血昏迷患者急诊血肿清除术后预后的评估参考指标。     

广西某三甲医院住院患者护理满意度调查及其影响因素分析

［摘要］　目的　调查广西某三甲医院住院患者护理满意度，分析其影响因素。方法　抽取2023年1月至6月该院住院患者进行护理满意度问卷调查，共分3个时间段（2月、4月、6月）进行调查，每次按照实际开放床位数的30%进行抽样。采用二分类logistic回归分析影响患者护理满意度的因素。结果　共调查2 724例患者，护理总体满意度为75.70%。影响患者护理满意度的前5位因素分别是护士操作技术［OR(95%CI)=7.293(4.395～12.101)］、特殊检查注意事项讲解［OR(95%CI)=6.529(4.230～10.079)］、床头铃呼叫时护士提供帮助［OR(95%CI)=6.404(4.566～8.984)］、病房管理工作［OR(95%CI)=6.070(2.006～18.371)］以及订餐方法和就餐时间介绍［OR(95%CI)=5.437(3.294～8.977)］。结论　医疗单位应加强健康指导方面的培训，推进以患者为中心的护理理念，以提高患者的护理满意度。     

老年冠心病合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者不良预后的影响因素

目的 探讨老年冠心病(CHD)合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者不良预后的发生情况及影响因素。方法 采用多中心前瞻性队列设计,选择2015年1月至2017年10月经多导睡眠监测诊断为OSAHS且合并CHD的265例患者(≥60岁)为研究对象。收集患者人口学资料、临床特征、睡眠参数指标、血液化验指标,并随访至2020年12月,随访结局为主要不良心血管事件(MACE)。根据患者是否发生MACE,将患者分为MACE组(n=55)和非MACE组(n=210)。采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,分别采用t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验或χ²检验进行组间比较。采用Spearman相关分析老年CHD合并OSAHS患者MACE与各指标的相关性。采用多因素logistic回归分析老年CHD合并OSAHS发生MACE的影响因素。结果 中位随访时间为43(5~72)个月,累积MACE发病率为20.8%(55/265)。与非MACE组比较,MACE组吸烟(41.8%和27.6%)、心房颤动(27.3%和14.3%)、慢性阻塞性肺疾病比例(92.0%和27.6%)及血小板体积分布宽度[PDW,(13.08±1.40)%和(12.47±1.54)%]显著增加;血红蛋白水平[(129.40±15.85)和(135.24±16.87)g/L]显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。Spearman相关性分析显示,老年CHD合并OSAHS患者MACE与年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史、PDW、总睡眠时间(TST)及心房颤动呈正相关(r=0.075,0.125,0.128,0.145,0.129,0.140;P＜0.05);与血红蛋白水平呈负相关(r=-0.141;P＜0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,PDW(OR=1.304,95%CI 1.046~1.627;P=0.018)、TST(OR=1.274,95%CI 1.037~1.566;P=0.021)及血红蛋白水平(OR=0.975,95%CI 0.954~0.996;P=0.022)是老年CHD合并OSAHS患者发生MACE的独立影响因素。结论 老年CHD合并OSAHS患者MACE发生率较高,PDW和TST是老年CHD合并OSAHS患者发生MACE的独立危险因素,血红蛋白水平则是其保护因素。     

移动医疗对妊娠期糖尿病患者应用效果的meta分析

［摘要］　目的　通过meta分析评价移动医疗对妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患者的应用效果。方法　使用计算机检索PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普期刊资源整合服务平台等中英文数据库中关于移动医疗对GDM患者应用效果的随机对照试验（RCT）文献,检索时间为从建库至2023年11月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入文献质量,采用Review Manager 5.4和STATA 17.0统计软件进行meta分析。结果　共纳入16篇文献,包括2 394例GDM患者。meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组空腹血糖水平［MD（95%CI）=-0.99（-1.64～-0.35）］、糖化血红蛋白水平［MD（95%CI）=-0.60（-0.93～-0.27）］、体重增长值［MD（95%CI）=-1.09（-2.13～-0.05）］、剖宫产发生风险［OR（95%CI）=0.61（0.46～0.82）］、巨大儿发生风险［OR（95%CI）=0.38（0.24～0.59）］、新生儿低血糖发生风险［OR（95%CI）=0.41（0.28～0.61）］较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。亚组分析结果显示,移动医疗不同干预类型均可降低GDM患者空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论　移动医疗可降低GDM患者空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平以及不良妊娠结局的发生风险,值得临床推广。     

局部进展期直肠癌新辅助同步放化疗病理完全缓解的影响因素

［摘要］　目的　探讨局部进展期直肠癌经新辅助同步放化疗获病理完全缓解(pCR)的影响因素。方法　回顾性收集中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院2013年1月至2017年5月收治的226例局部进展期直肠癌患者的临床资料,均接受新辅助同步放化疗并接受手术治疗。通过多因素logistic回归分析pCR与肿瘤位置、肿瘤T分期、肿瘤最大直径、肠壁外血管侵犯（EMVI）、直肠系膜筋膜(MRF)侵犯等临床病理因素的关联性,比较pCR组与非pCR组无病生存期（DFS）及总生存期（OS）的差异。结果　术前T分期为T₃期［OR(95%CI)=3.978(1.227～12.897),P=0.021］、肿瘤最大直径<4 cm［OR(95%CI)=2.439(1.046～5.685),P=0.039］、肿瘤距齿状线≤5 cm［OR(95%CI)=3.154(1.229～8.094),P=0.017］是局部进展期直肠癌患者经新辅助同步放化疗后获得pCR的独立影响因素。pCR组患者的5年DFS（82.1% vs 67.6%,P=0.046）和OS（87.2% vs 68.5%,P=0.015）均优于非pCR组患者。结论　术前T₃分期、肿瘤最大直径<4 cm、肿瘤距齿状线≤5 cm直肠癌患者是新辅助同步放化疗的潜在获益人群,并且获pCR患者的预后更好。     

高危前列腺癌患者淋巴结转移的危险因素分析

［摘要］　目的　探讨影响高危前列腺癌患者淋巴结转移(lymph node metastasis,LNM)的危险因素。方法　选取2016年1月至2020年12月新疆医科大学第一附属医院收治的105例高危前列腺癌患者的临床资料,均经腹膜外途径腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术（eLRP）+扩大盆腔淋巴结清扫（ePLND）治疗。根据淋巴结病理结果分为病例组（LNM阳性,14例）和对照组（LNM阴性,91例）。比较两组术前年龄、体质量指数（BMI）、前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）、格里森评分（GS）、穿刺阳性针数百分比（PPBC）、前列腺体积（PV）和前列腺癌临床分期。采用二元logistic回归和列线图分析影响患者LNM的因素。结果　病例组GS>8分、前列腺癌临床分期>T2c期的人数比例大于对照组,PPBC高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。二元logistic回归分析结果显示,前列腺癌临床分期>T2c期（OR=7.128,95%CI：1.316～38.618）、PSA 10～20 ng/ml（OR=10.679,95%CI：1.014～112.512）、GS>8分（OR=16.387,95%CI：2.147～125.092）和更大的PV（OR=2.938,95%CI：1.266～6.822）是促进患者发生LNM的危险因素（P<0.05）。列线图分析显示,前列腺癌临床分期和GS有较高的预测价值。结论　PSA、GS、前列腺癌临床分期及PV均与高危前列腺癌LNM的发生有关,且以前列腺癌临床分期和GS预测价值最高。     

运动负荷超声在评估肥厚型心肌病梗阻类型中的应用

目的 评估肥厚型心肌病(HCM)患者静息和运动中左室流出道梗阻的情况.方法 连续入选的60例静息左室流出道压差(LVOTG) ＜50 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)的HCM患者,超声测量静息LVOTG和运动峰值LVOTG.51例静息LVOTG＜ 30 mm Hg的患者中,26例患者运动峰值LVOTG≥30 mm Hg为潜在梗阻,25例运动峰值LVOTG＜ 30 mm Hg为非梗阻.9例静息LVOTG30 ～49 mm Hg为静息梗阻.分析不同类型梗阻的形态学特征.结果 潜在梗阻与非梗阻患者相比,二尖瓣前叶收缩期前向运动(SAM)征(73.1％比8.0％)、流出道狭窄(46.2％比4.0％)更常见、二尖瓣反流程度更重、静息LVOTG[(16.9±7.2) mm Hg比(7.1 ±4.3)mm Hg]更高,室间隔肥厚部位分布差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).多因素logistic回归分析,SAM征(OR 6.431,95％ CI2.323 ～291.112,P=0.002)和室间隔肥厚部位(OR0.011,95％ CI0.001 ～0.179,P=0.008)为发生潜在梗阻的独立预测因素.结论 约半数静息无梗阻的HCM患者存在潜在梗阻.SAM征和室间隔肥厚部位有助于潜在梗阻的识别.     

Timing for Initiation of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients With Septic Shock and Acute Kidney Injury

The optimal timing for renal replacement therapy initiation in septic acute kidney injury (AKI) remains controversial. This study investigates the impact of early versus late initiation of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on organ dysfunction among patients with septic shock and AKI. Patients were dichotomized into “early” (simplified RIFLE Risk) or “late” (simplified RIFLE Injury or Failure) CRRT initiation. Patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 or those on long‐term dialysis were excluded. Organ dysfunction was quantified by Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. From January 2008 to June 2011, 120 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Thirty‐one (26%) underwent “early” while 89 (74%) had “late” CRRT. No significant difference was noted between groups on improvement of total SOFA/non‐renal SOFA score or noradrenaline equivalent in the first 24 and 48 h after CRRT initiation. Dialysis requirement and mortality (at 28 days, 3 months and 6 months) did not differ. In conclusion, improvement of non‐renal SOFA score 48 h after CRRT correlated with SOFA score on CRRT initiation (P = 0.040) and APACHE IV risk of death (P = 0.000), but not estimated glomerular filtration rate on CRRT initiation (P = 0.377). Improvement of non‐renal SOFA score correlated with SOFA score on CRRT initiation and APACHE IV risk of death. However, this retrospective review cannot identify any significant clinical benefit of early CRRT initiation in patients presenting with septic shock and AKI.     

高容量血液滤过治疗脓毒症并发多器官功能障碍综合征RIFLE标准应用研究

目的探讨RIFLE标准衡量高容量血液滤过(HVHF)治疗脓毒症并发多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)的治疗时机及其对预后的影响。方法回顾性分析成都军区总医院2006年1月至2010年12月行HVHF治疗的脓毒症并发MODS患者52例,采用RIFLE标准分A组(AKIⅠ期)、B组(AKIⅡ期)和C组(AKIⅢ期),比较各组的病死率、平均ICU住院时间、平均机械通气时间、平均连续血液滤过治疗时间,并将HVHF治疗前和治疗24 h后的APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、血浆白介素(IL)-6、氧合指数、血肌酐(Scr)及平均动脉压(MAP)等指标。结果 (1)C组HVHF治疗前APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、血浆IL-6及病死率均明显高于A、B组(P<0.01);(2)A、B组HVHF治疗前APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分及病死率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但B组HVHF治疗前IL-6及平均ICU住院时间、平均机械通气时间、平均连续血液滤过治疗时间明显高于或长于A组(P<0.01);(3)HVHF治疗24 h后血浆IL-6、氧合指数、Scr、MAP均明显改善,但C组IL-6仍高于A、B组(P<0.01),B组IL-6仍高于A组(P<0.01);A、B组HVHF治疗24 h后APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分显著降低(P<0.01),C组无变化(P>0.05)。结论 HVHF能有效辅助治疗脓毒症并发MODS;RIFLE标准及IL-6对判断预后有指导意义;早期(AKIⅠ期和Ⅱ期)行HVHF可明显改善脓毒症并发MODS的预后,而AKIⅠ期行HVHF的疗效更好。     

Diabetes on sepsis outcomes in non-ICU patients: A cohort study and review of the literature

AimsWe sought to determine whether primary outcomes differ between non-ICU septic patients with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsThis study utilized the Hellenic Sepsis Study Group Registry, collecting nationwide data for sepsis patients since 2006, and classified patients upon presence or absence of T2D. Patients were perfectly matched for a) Sepsis 3 definition criteria (including septic shock) b) gender, c) age, d) APACHE II score and e) Charlson's comorbidity index (CCI). Independent sample t-test and chi-square t-test was used to compare prognostic indices and primary outcomes.ResultsOf 4320 initially included non-ICU sepsis patients, 812 were finally analysed, following match on criteria. Baseline characteristics were age 76 [±10.3] years, 46% male, APACHE II 15.5 [±6], CCI 5.1 [±1.8], 24% infection, 63.8% sepsis and 12.2% septic shock. No significant difference was noted between two groups in qSOFA, SOFA, or suPAR1 levels (p = 0.7, 0.1 & 0.3) respectively. Primary sepsis syndrome resolved in 70.9% of cases (p = 0.9), while mortality was 24% in 28-days time. Cause of death was similar between patients with and without T2D (sepsis 17.8% vs 15.8%, heart event 3.7% vs 3.2%, CNS event 0.5% vs 0.5%, malignancy 0.7% vs 2% respectively, p = 0.6).ConclusionsDM does not appear to negatively affect outcomes in septic patients not requiring ICU.     

Colistimethate sodium and acute kidney injury: Incidence,risk factors,outcome and prognosis of renal function

BackgroundColistimethate sodium (CMS) treatment has increased over the last years, being acute kidney injury (AKI) its main drug-related adverse event. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors associated with AKI, as well as identifying the factors that determine renal function (RF) outcomes at six months after discharge.Materials and methodsThis retrospective study included adult septic patients receiving intravenous CMS for at least 48 h (January 2007–December 2014). AKI was assessed using KDIGO criteria. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated by the 4-variable MDRD equation. Logistic and linear models were performed to evaluate the risk factors for AKI and chronic kidney disease (CKD).ResultsAmong 126 patients treated with CMS; the incidence of AKI was 48.4%. Sepsis–severe sepsis (OR 8.07, P = 0.001), sepsis–septic shock (OR 42.9, P < 0.001), and serum creatinine (SCr) at admission (OR 6.20, P = 0.009) were independent predictors.Eighty-four patients survived; the main factors for RF evolution at the 6-month follow-up was baseline eGFR (0.58, P < 0.001) and at discharge (0.34, P < 0.001). Fifty-six percent (34/61) of the patients that developed AKI survived. At six months, 32% had CKD.ConclusionsThe development of AKI in septic patients with CMS treatment was associated with sepsis severity and SCr at admission. Baseline eGFR and eGFR at discharge were and important determinant of the RF at the 6-month follow-up. These predictors may assist in clinical decision making for this patient population.     

Serum Antioxidant Capacity is Preserved in Peritoneal Dialysis Contrary to Its Robust Depletion After Hemodialysis and Hemodiafiltration Sessions

Renal replacement therapy (RRT) may differentially affect systemic generation of reactive oxygen species and depletion of antioxidant pools of low molecular weight molecules and proteins. This study was designed to assess the magnitude of the impairment of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in relation to different RRT modalities. The study included patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD, N = 21), hemodialysis (HD, N = 21), hemodiafiltration (HDF, N = 20), and healthy controls (N = 33). TAC was assessed by the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. In CAPD patients, predialysis FRAP and DPPH were increased: 1.46 mM and 10.5% vs. control 1.19 mM and 7.2%, respectively (P < 0.001 in each). In HD and HDF patients, the FRAP and DPPH were significantly increased before and lowered after the RRT session (P < 0.05) if compared with healthy controls. During an HD session, FRAP was decreased from pre-HD 1.71 ± 0.29 mM to post-HD 0.85 ± 0.20 mM (P = 0.0001). The decrease of FRAP was lower during HDF (P < 0.05 vs. HD), it decreased from pre-HDF 1.41 ± 0.43 mM to post-HDF 0.87 ± 0.23 mM (P = 0.0001 vs. pre-HDF). The HD session decreased DPPH from the pre-HD median 10.3%, interquartile range (IR) 9.3–12.0% to post-HD 2.6% IR 2.3–3.1% (P < 0.0001). The adjustment of either urate or bilirubin up to pre-HD levels did not restore lowered post-HD levels of TAC. TAC remains preserved in CAPD, whereas the robust depletion of TAC, lower after HDF than HD sessions, cannot be attributed solely to the washout of dialyzable compounds.     

Potential Role of Neutrophil Gelatinase‐Associated Lipocalin in Identifying Critically Ill Patients With Acute Kidney Injury Stage 2–3 Who Subsequently Require Renal Replacement Therapy

Delayed initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in critically ill acute kidney injury (AKI) patients results in high mortality while too early RRT causes unnecessary risks of the treatment. Current traditional indications cannot clearly identify the appropriate time for initiating RRT. This prospective cohort study was conducted to determine the accuracy of using plasma neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (pNGAL) and urine NGAL (uNGAL) in early identifying of the AKI patients who subsequently required RRT. Forty‐seven critically ill patients with AKI stage 2–3 who did not reach the traditional indications for RRT were enrolled in this study. The pNGAL, uNGAL, and other parameters were determined in each patient. The primary end point was RRT initiation according to the traditional indications within 3 days. The mean age of the patients was 63.0 ± 18.1 years. pNGAL could predict subsequent RRT requirements with area under ROC 0.813 (P < 0.001, 95%CI 0.66–0.90). The cut‐off point of 960 ng/mL provided sensitivity and specificity of 72.2 and 89.6%, respectively, and positive and negative predictive values of 81.25% and 83.8%, respectively. The uNGAL provided slightly lower significance of statistical parameters. The combination of pNGAL level of 960 ng/mL and APACHE II score of 20 improved statistical values. In conclusion, pNGAL is an excellent early biomarker for RRT initiation in critically ill patients with AKI stage 2–3. The pNGAL value of 960 ng/mL, alone or in combination with APACHE II score might be used as the early new indicator for early initiation of RRT in AKI stage 2–3 and this might improve patient survival.     

Malnutrition–Inflammation Complex Syndrome and Hepatitis C in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Protein-energy malnutrition and inflammation are among the leading causes of poor outcome in hemodialysis patients. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is accompanied by elevated proinflammatory mediators, also found in dialysis patients with malnutrition–inflammation complex syndrome. We aimed to study the rate and characteristics of malnutrition–inflammation complex syndrome (MICS) in hemodialysis patients, especially those with hepatitis C. The study included 147 patients (mean age 55.1 ± 12.9 years), 24.5% of whom were HCV-positive, undergoing adequate hemodialysis three times a week for the last 52.7 ± 52.5 months. Parameters of nutrition and inflammation were investigated to evaluate MICS. HCV-positive vs. HCV-negative patients had significantly higher hematocrit (29.6 ± 4.5 g/dL vs. 28.1 ± 4.3, P < 0.05), uric acid (345.8 ± 96.5 vs. 321.3 ± 118.8 µmol/mL, P < 0.05), aspartate aminotransferase (AST, also known as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]) (23.3 ± 14.9 vs. 17.8 ± 9 U/L, P < 0.008), alanine aminotransferase (ALT, also known as serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT]) (41.2 ± 28.7 vs. 26.6 ± 17.1 U/L, P < 0.0003), serum creatinine (980.4 ± 219.1 vs. 888.4 ± 202.9 µmol/mL, P < 0.022), intact parathyroid hormone (329.7 ± 630.5 vs. 110.2 ± 145.3 pg/mL, P < 0.002), malnutrition–inflammation score (7.4 ± 5.2 vs. 5.6 ± 4.1, P < 0.038), and Charlson comorbidity index (4.5 ± 1.5 vs. 4 ± 1.4, P < 0.05). MICS had a prevalence of 20–40% in our study. HCV-positive patients had a significantly higher prevalence of MICS than HCV-negative patients (30–40% vs. 20–30%).     

SOFA score in septic patients: incremental prognostic value over age,comorbidities, and parameters of sepsis severity

Several widely used scoring systems for septic patients have been validated in an ICU setting, and may not be appropriate for other settings like Emergency Departments (ED) or High-Dependency Units (HDU), where a relevant number of these patients are managed. The purpose of this study is to find reliable tools for prognostic assessment of septic patients managed in an ED-HDU. In 742 patients diagnosed with sepsis/severe sepsis/septic shock, not-intubated, admitted in ED between June 2008 and April 2016, SOFA, qSOFA, PIRO, MEWS, Charlson Comorbidity Index, MEDS, and APACHE II were calculated at ED admission (T0); SOFA and MEWS were also calculated after 24 h of ED-High-Dependency Unit stay (T1). Discrimination and incremental prognostic value of SOFA score over demographic data and parameters of sepsis severity were tested. Primary outcome is 28-day mortality. Twenty-eight day mortality rate is 31%. The different scores show a modest-to-moderate discrimination (T0 SOFA 0.695; T1 SOFA 0.741; qSOFA 0.625; T0 MEWS 0.662; T1 MEWS 0.729; PIRO: 0.646; APACHE II 0.756; Charlson Comorbidity Index 0.596; MEDS 0.674, all p < 0.001). At a multivariate stepwise Cox analysis, including age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, MEWS, and lactates, SOFA shows an incremental prognostic ability both at T0 (RR 1.165, IC 95% 1.009–1.224, p < 0.0001) and T1 (RR 1.168, IC 95% 1.104–1.234, p < 0.0001). SOFA score shows a moderate prognostic stratification ability, and demonstrates an incremental prognostic value over the previous medical conditions and clinical parameters in septic patients.     

老年冠心病患者疾病不确定感及社会支持与生活质量的相关性

目的 分析老年冠心病患者疾病不确定感及社会支持与生活质量的相关性。方法 回顾性分析2022年4月至2023年3月新疆医科大学第一附属医院心血管内科收治的150例老年冠心病患者的临床资料,包括一般人口学资料、Mishel疾病不确定感量表(MUIS)、社会支持量表及生活质量量表得分等。采用SPSS 26.0统计软件进行数据分析。计量资料比较采用独立样本t检验或方差分析。采用Pearson相关性分析对老年冠心病患者疾病不确定感及社会支持与生活质量的相关性进行分析。采用logistic回归分析老年冠心病患者生活质量的影响因素。结果 150例老年冠心病患者疾病不确定感得分为(119.76±12.85)分,社会支持得分为(61.83±5.42)分,生活质量得分为(63.91±6.28)分。老年冠心病患者生活质量得分在文化程度、家庭人均月收入、治疗缴费方式方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。老年冠心病患者生活质量得分与疾病不确定感得分呈负相关(r=-0.501;P<0.05),与社会支持得分呈正相关(r=0.457;P<0.05)。文化程度(OR=2.824,95%CI 1.343~5.935)、家庭人均月收入(OR=2.751,95%CI 1.345~5.626)、治疗缴费方式(OR=2.702,95%CI 1.379~5.292)、疾病不确定感(OR=3.111,95%CI 1.474~6.565)及社会支持(OR=2.933,95%CI 1.451~5.928)是老年冠心病患者生活质量的影响因素。结论 老年冠心病患者生活质量偏低,且与疾病不确定感、社会支持存在相关性,可针对老年冠心病患者生活质量的影响因素对患者进行干预,以提高患者生活质量。