唐山矿区人群高尿酸血症和痛风的患病率调查

目的了解唐山矿区人群高尿酸血症和痛风的患病情况。方法采用普查的方法,调查唐山矿区二矿业公司8535例在职及离退休员工的高尿酸血盎和痛风的患病情况。结果总体血尿酸水平为（311．16±90．37）μmol／L,男性（323．81±90．24）μmol／L,女性（264．89±74．31）μmol／L;高尿酸血症总体患病率为11．51％,男性11．96％,女性9．83％,标化患病率分别为6．77％、7．08％、5．81％。痛风患病率为1．21％,男性1.39％,女性0．66％,标化患病率分别为0．94％、1．20％、0．21％。结论本组高尿酸血症和痛风的患病率与国内其他地区的调查蛄果相近,高尿酸血癌和痛风的患病率呈舞高趋势。     

广州市社区痛风和高尿酸血症患病现状调查

目的调查广州市一个社区痛风和高尿酸血症的患病情况,高尿酸血症与高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法调查广州市荔湾区彩虹社区2788名16岁以上的居民的高尿酸血症和痛风的患病情况。结果男性平均患病年龄（41．18±11．48）岁,女性平均患病年龄（44．85±9．81）岁。男性高尿酸血症人群的血尿酸水平为（473．53±51．98）μmmol／L,女性高尿酸血症人群的血尿酸水平为（411．86±50．43）μmmol／L。男女总计患病率为20．73％,男性27％,女性15．27％。痛风患病率1．43％。结论广州市荔湾区痛风和高尿酸血症的患病率高于国内其它地区的患病率,患病年龄提前,高尿酸血症组超重、高血压、高血脂的发生率明显升高,需改变饮食生活习惯同时应得到有效的健康指导,切实落实社区健康教育和健康促进。     

北海地区居民血尿酸水平及相关指标分析

目的了解北海地区居民血尿酸水平及相关指标。方法对5400例健康体检者的血尿酸水平及相关指标的测定结果进行统计分析。结果男性平均血尿酸水平为（420．82±87．53）μmol／L,女性为（309．09±71．20）μmol／L,男性高尿酸血症患病率为47．81％,女性为24．40％,男性均显著高于女性（P〈0．01）。男性高尿酸血症的患病率随年龄的增长而降低,20岁年龄组与50岁以上各中老年年龄组之间有统计学差异（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;女性患病率随年龄的增长而升高,20、30√40岁青壮年年龄组与50岁以上各中老年年龄组之间有统计学差异（P〈0．05或P〈O．01）。高尿酸血症组与正常组比较,男性组与女胜组比较,高血压发病率及体重超标发生率均有统计学差异（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论北海地区居民血尿酸水平和高尿酸血症的患病率均高于内地其他地区的调查结果,男性高尿酸血症的患病率随年龄的增长而降低,女胜随年龄的增长而升高。高尿酸血症患者更容易伴发高血压、超重。     

1141名电厂职工脂肪肝及常见伴发病流行病学调查

目的了解电厂职工脂肪肝及常见伴发病的患病率，为防治提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，对电厂共1141名职工进行脂肪肝及其常见伴发病的流行病学调查。结果脂肪肝的患病率为20．95％（239／1141），男性为26．21％，女性为7．26％，男性明显高于女性（P〈0．01）；高脂血症、高尿酸血症、糖尿病和胆石症患病率分别为36．02％（411／1141）、17．09％（195／1141）、3．86％（44／1141）和8．94％（102／1141），男女之间有显著性差异（P〈0．05）；高血压病患病率为7．8％（89／1141），男女之间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。随着年龄增加女性脂肪肝患病率升高，以60岁以上最高38．89％（7／18），男性脂肪肝患病率则无明显变化；高脂血症、高血压病、糖尿病和胆石症患病率随着年龄增加而升高，高脂血症患病率在50岁以前男性高于女性，50岁以后则无明显差异，而高血压病、糖尿病和胆石症患病男性和女性均为大于60岁最高；高尿酸血症患病率各个年龄组均是男性高于女性，但不随年龄而升高。结论电厂职工脂肪肝及常见伴发病（高脂血症、高血压病、高尿酸血症、糖尿病、胆石症）患病率较普通人群高，并与性别、年龄有一定关系，应当尽早采取综合性的预防措施，以降低脂肪肝的患病率和控制常见伴发病发生。     

山东招远阜山镇两个自然村高尿酸血症与痛风患病状况调查

目的明确招远阜山镇九曲村与黄金村居民高尿酸血症与痛风的患病状况,并对其危险因素进行初步分析。方法对招远阜山镇九曲村与黄金村2个自然村居民高尿酸血症与痛风的患病状况进行调查。结果两村高尿酸血症、痛风的患病率比较差异有显著性(χ2=7.352、8.399,P<0.05)。非条件Logistics回归分析显示,肥胖及吸烟是女性高尿酸血症与痛风的独立危险因素;腹型肥胖及饮酒是男性高尿酸血症与痛风的独立危险因素。而高三酰甘油血症、舒张压升高及海鲜摄入量的增加是男女共有高尿酸血症与痛风的独立危险因素。结论九曲村居民高尿酸血症和痛风的患病率明显高于黄金村考虑与海产品的摄入频率与摄入量有关。减少海鲜的摄入量及频率、戒烟、戒酒、控制体质量、纠正糖脂代谢紊乱、控制高血压、增加体力活动和体育运动等是降低血尿酸和减少痛风发作的重要措施。     

新疆吐鲁番地区维吾尔族人群高尿酸血症和痛风的流行病学调查

目的：调查新疆吐鲁番地区维吾尔族人群高尿酸血症和痛风的患病率。方法：采用整体随机抽样方法,调查吐鲁番地区3 982例（男性1 745例,女性2 237例）14岁以上维吾尔族居民的高尿酸血症和痛风的患病率情况。结果： (1)吐鲁番健康维吾尔族人群男性血尿酸平均为（284.33±88.81）μmol/L;女性为（201.04±66.30）μmol/L。(2)高尿酸血症总患病率3.97%（158/3 982）,男性为6.36%(111/1 745),女性为2.10%(47/2 237)。痛风总患病率为0.025%(1/3 982),1例痛风为男性,男性患病率为0.06%(1/1 745)。结论：与同时期国内流行病学调查结果相比较,新疆吐鲁番地区维吾尔族高尿酸血症和痛风的患病率均较低。     

高尿酸血症和痛风的流行病学及危险因素

痛风（gout）为嘌呤代谢紊乱和／或尿酸排泄障碍所致血尿酸增高的一组异质性疾病。其临床特点是高尿酸血症、痛风性急性关节炎反复发作、痛风石沉积、特征性慢性关节炎和关节畸形，常累及肾脏引起间质性肾炎和肾尿酸结石形成。高尿酸血症（hyperuricemia，HUM）是痛风的重要生化基础，一般男性〉420μmol／L（7mg／d1），女性〉350μmol／L（6mg／d1）可确定为高尿酸血症，但痛风的患病率远低于高尿酸血症，高尿酸血症者仅一部分发展成临床痛风，其转变的确切机制未明。     

内蒙古部分地区蒙古族居民高尿酸血症及痛风危险因素的研究分析

目的 了解内蒙古部分地区蒙古族居民高尿酸血症及痛风的流行病学特征，分析影响蒙古族居民高尿酸血症及痛风患病率的危险因素。方法 采用横断面调查研究，选取内蒙古部分地区三代内无与其他民族通婚的457名蒙古族居民作为研究对象，调查一般人口学特征、生活方式与饮食习惯及身体一般指标和生化指标，二元Logistic回归筛选危险因素。结果 高尿酸血症人群中，蒙古族居民饮酒量高于汉族居民(P<0.05);痛风人群中，蒙古族居民饮酒量和食用动物内脏量高于汉族居民(P<0.05)。与血尿酸正常人群相比，男性、蒙古族居民饮酒及食用动物内脏的人群高尿酸血症的发生率更高，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与无痛风人群相比，男性、蒙古族居民饮酒、睡眠质量差，合并有糖尿病、心血管疾病及高脂血症中任意一个病史的人群痛风的发病率更高。二元Logistic回归显示，男性、饮酒、食用动物内脏的蒙古族居民高尿酸血症风险增高(P<0.05);饮酒、睡眠质量差、合并糖尿病的蒙古族居民痛风风险增高(P<0.05)。结论 内蒙古自治区蒙古族居民痛风和高尿酸血症的患病率相对较高，高尿酸血症和痛风人群中，蒙古...     

5802例铁路职工高尿酸血症流行现状调查

目的：通过郑州地区铁路职工血清尿酸水平调查,了解其高尿酸血症流行特征。方法对2013年6月－8月在郑州铁路疾病预防控制中心进行体检的5802名铁路职工的血尿酸结果进行描述性流行病学统计学分析。结果高尿酸血症总患病率为22．46％,男性患病率为24．93％,女性为9．54％。男性高于女性（ P＜0．05）。男性30～39岁年龄组患病率最高（27．33％）,女性50～55岁年龄组患病率显著增加（15．64％,P＜0．05）。结论郑州地区铁路职工高尿酸血症患病率较高,且男性患病率高于女性。     

佳木斯地区人群高尿酸血症的调查分析

目的了解佳木斯地区居民血尿酸水平和高尿酸血症与相关疾病的发生情况。方法对4214例健康体检者的血尿酸水平及血肌酐、胆固醇、甘油三酯、血糖和血压的测定结果进行统计分析。结果男性平均血尿酸水平为（315．8±139．6）μmol/L，女性为（256．2±102．3）μmol／L，男性的高尿酸血症发病率为21．0％，女性为6．9％，男性显著高于女性（P〈0．05）。高尿酸血症的发病率在不同年龄组之问有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。高尿酸血症组的肾损害、高脂血症、高血糖、高血压的发生率显著高于尿酸正常组（P〈0．05）结论佳木斯地区高尿酸血症的发病率男性高于其他地区的调查结果，女性低于其他地区。高尿酸血症患者更容易伴发肾损害、高脂血症、高血糖和高血压，应该引起人们的重视。     

社区老年男性痛风相关影响因素分析

目的探讨影响社区老年男性痛风的相关因素。方法对1348例社区老年男性进行痛风相关影响因素调查。结果单因素分析显示：痛风家族史、饮酒史、经济水平、经常吃海鲜和BMI与痛风的发生显著相关（P〈0．05）;多因素分析显示：痛风家族史、饮酒、经常吃海鲜是诱发痛风的危险因素（P〈0．05）,而低经济水平和BMI〈25kg／m2是预防痛风的保护因素（P〈0．05）。结论老年男性痛风的患病率较高,应对其进行健康宣教,争取早期发现和早期防治。     

饮酒对宜昌市职业人群代谢综合征患病率及其相关因素的影响

目的：研究饮酒对宜昌市职业人群代谢综合征（MS）患病率及其相关因素的影响,为该市MS人群生活方式干预提供决策依据。方法抽样调查宜昌市15个单位职业人群共3640人（男2285人,女1355人,年龄20～70岁）,详细询问其饮酒习惯并填写调查表,进行体格检查和实验室检查,根据日饮酒量分为3组（不饮和偶尔饮酒组、适量饮酒组、过量饮酒组）,对结果进行统计分析。结果与不饮和偶尔饮酒组比较,适量饮酒组MS患病率及体质量指数（BMI）、舒张压（DBP）、三酰甘油（TG）、尿酸（UA）异常率显著升高（P＜0．05）,收缩压（SBP）异常率显著下降（P＜0．05）;过量饮酒组BMI、DBP、SBP、葡萄糖（GLU）、总胆固醇（TCH）、TG、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL‐C）、UA、MS患病率显著升高（P＜0．05）。与适量饮酒组比较,过量饮酒组MS患病率及BMI、DBP、GLU、TCH、TG、LDL‐C、UA异常率上升显著（P＜0．05）。不论适量还是过量饮酒,C‐反应蛋白（CRP）及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL‐C）异常率没有显著变化（P＞0．05）。结论适量饮酒对宜昌市职业人群BMI、DBP、TG、LDL‐C、UA有显著影响,对GLU、TCH、HDL‐C、CRP影响不明显。MS患病率及其相关因素异常率与乙醇摄入量呈正相关。适量饮酒有降低SBP和GLU作用,但不能降低MS发病率。     

Risk factors for hypertension in Kimberley aborigines.

OBJECTIVE: To determine physical, biochemical and lifestyle factors associated with high blood pressure among Aborigines in the Kimberley region. DESIGN: Blood pressure and electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in an age and sex stratified random sample of the Aboriginal population were related to other observations and measurements made at the same time specifically for the purpose of these comparisons. SETTING: A field study in which subjects were interviewed and measurements made mostly in community clinics. PARTICIPANTS: All 249 men and 241 women from the prevalence study were included although only complete data sets for the various comparisons were analysed. INTERVENTIONS: A sample of venous blood was obtained in addition to physical measurements and information at interview. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Statistical analysis of the relationships between blood pressure or hypertension and alcohol consumption, plasma gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity, use of tobacco, body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) and non-fasted plasma cholesterol level. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure of 160 mmHg or greater or diastolic blood pressure of 95 mmHg or greater. RESULTS: High blood pressure in Aboriginal men below 30 years was associated both with current drinking status and with circulating GGT level. There was a positive association of diastolic hypertension with consumption of alcohol in middle aged men (30 to 49 years) and in older women. Drinking was highly prevalent among men, especially below 30 years, but was less prevalent among women. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were positively related to BMI across the population but obesity (BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2) was highly prevalent only among middle-aged women. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were positively and strongly related to plasma cholesterol level independently of the latter's relationship to age and BMI. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of drinking among Aboriginal men and of obesity among Aboriginal women involves a risk of hypertension. The association between plasma cholesterol and blood pressure in Aboriginal men and women may be relevant to the demonstrated link between systolic hypertension and ischaemic heart disease.     

Prevalence and Determinants of Hypertension in a Rural Community

Background

There are few epidemiological studies on prevalence of hypertension and its determinants in rural population. This cross sectional study was done to determine the same in a rural community.

Methods

A random sample of 406 people (218 men and 188 women) of 30 years and above was selected from a rural area. The pre tested proforma was used to collect the data by trained doctors.

Result

Prevalence of smoking and tobacco use was 16%, alcohol intake 9.4 %, daily salt intake (≥ 5 gram) 34.2%, daily saturated fat intake (≥ 10 % of daily energy intake) 47 .0 % and physical inactivity (work and leisure) as 18.5%. Body Mass Index (BMI) was ≥ 25 in 18 % and ≥ 30 in 3.2% men and women. Prevalence of truncal obesity (Waist Hip Ratio: men ≥ 0.9; women ≥ 0.8) was 8.5% with higher incidence in men. Prevalence of abdominal obesity (men ≥ 102 cms; women ≥ 88 cms) was found in 15.7 % with higher incidence in men. Differences in prevalence of risk factors between men and women were statistically significant in case of smoking, alcohol consumption and abdominal obesity. 18.5% men and women were suffering from systolic hypertension (≥ 140 mg Hg) and 15 % from diastolic hypertension (≥ 90 mg Hg). Prevalence of risk factors for hypertension was significantly more among subjects suffering from systolic and diastolic hypertension than normotensive subjects.

Conclusion

Prevalence of systolic hypertension in rural community was 18.5 % and of diastolic hypertension 15% with higher prevalence in the age group of 60 years and above, in case of men and women. There was a significant linear trend in prevalence of systolic hypertension with respect to age group in men whereas it was not significant in case of women.Key Words: Hypertension, Prevalence, Determinants, Rural community     

新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州不同民族中高尿酸血症与痛风患病率及相关危险因素分析

目的 探讨新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族、锡伯族人群高尿酸血症与痛风患病率及相关危险因素。 方法 2014年12月—2016年1月对3 500例新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州居住者进行流行病学调查,对总体患病情况、血尿酸水平、痛风患病情况、高尿酸血症患病影响因素进行分析。 结果 ①3 318例纳入调查对象中,共有662例高尿酸血症患者,总患病率为19.95%(662/3 318);其中男性患病率为23.45%,女性患病率为16.78%(292/1 740);男性高尿酸血症患病率显著高于女性(P＜0.01);②男性血尿酸水平平均值为(382.17±56.37)μmol/L,女性为(290.09±39.77)μmol/L,男性血尿酸水平显著高于女性(P＜0.05);③本研究中纳入的3 318例调查对象中,发生痛风数52例,痛风总患病率为1.57%,其中男性患病率为2.79%,女性患病率为0.46%,男性痛风患病率显著高于女性(P＜0.05)。汉族痛风患病率显著高于其他少数民族(P＜0.05);④经Pearson单因素分析,患者组与对照组在吸烟、饮酒、经常运动、肥胖、血脂紊乱、高胆固醇血症、高血压及服用阿司匹林方面的差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05~0.01);采用多元Logistic回归分析,最终确定影响高尿酸血症患病的相关因素为:饮酒、肥胖、血脂紊乱、高血压及口服阿司匹林。 结论 影响高尿酸血症与痛风患病的相关因素较多,应对这些影响因素进行观察,并采取相应措施,以降低高尿酸血症与痛风的患病率。      

高尿酸血症与血清超敏C反应蛋白的关系

目的 研究超敏C-反应蛋白与高尿酸血症及其相关合并症的关系.方法 在对山东沿海居民痛风和高尿酸血症的流行病学调查的被调查者中选择正常人42例(CON组),单纯高尿酸血症患者59例(UA1组),高尿酸血症伴高血压患者36例(UA2组),高尿酸血症同时伴有高血压和高脂血症的患者43例(UA3组),填写调查问卷,测量身高、体重、腰围、臀围、血压.采集空腹静脉血,检测三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、尿酸(UA)、血糖(FBG)、胰岛素、超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP),计算体重指数(BMI)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数HOMA-IR.结果 hs-CRP从CON组到UA3组依次升高,各组之间相比较差异均有显著.以LOGhs-CRP为因变量, 以SBP、DBP、BUN、CRE、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、UA、BMI、WHR、LOG Ins、LOGHOMA-IR为自变量,进行多元逐步回归分析,结果UA、BMI、DBP纳入回归方程.标准化偏回归系数分别是0.507、0.182、0.152,P值分别是0.000、0.006和0.012.结论 血清CRP浓度与高尿酸血症、高血压及肥胖相关.高尿酸血症的合并症越多,其血清CRP水平越高.     

Evaluation of iron overload in healthy adult residents of Mexico City

BACKGROUND: We described the effects of age, gender and body mass index (BMI) on the prevalence of iron overload (IO) in blood donors from Mexico City. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of clinically healthy adults was performed. We evaluated serum ferritin (SF) concentration to allow us to establish groups with normal iron stores (SF >30 microg/L) and with IO (SF >200 microg/L and >300 microg/L for women and men), in the following ages groups: 18-29 years, 30-49 years, and 50-64 years, divided by gender. RESULTS: The study included 1757 subjects. Prevalence of IO was 12% in men and 4.8% in women, and prevalence increased in parallel with increasing age (15.6, 25.0 and 29.9% and 3.5, 5.2 and 9.6%, for men and women, respectively). Regression analysis showed that in men there was a significant association of SF and IO with age, BMI and recent blood donation (p <0.01). In women, no differences were seen for BMI and recent blood donation. CONCLUSIONS: IO is highly prevalent in blood donors residing in Mexico City, more so in men than in women. Age, gender and BMI had a positive association with iron stores. This report is the initial contribution towards the study of IO in the Mexican population.     

Metabolic syndrome in non-obese Taiwanese: new definition of metabolically obese, normal-weight individual

Background Not only the obese, but also the non-obese adults have the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the upper normal weight. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome and its individual components in non-obese adult Taiwanese （body mass index （BMI） ≤ 26.9 kg/m^2）. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2006 to December 2007. One thousand six hundred and fifty-nine subjects （aged 47.5±12.4 years）, 60.8% of which were men, were enrolled. The prevalence and odds ratios of metabolic syndrome, defined by the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute （2005）, were analyzed in the BMI category according to 2.0 unit increments, in individuals seeking a health examination. Results The higher the BMI categories, the more prevalent the metabolic syndrome was in women and in men （P 〈0.001）. Compared with those women with a BMI ≤20.9 kg/m^2, the odds ratios for metabolic syndrome in women were 1.3 （95% CI： 0.5-3.2） with BMI 21.0-22.9 kg/m^2, 3.0 （1.3-7.1） with BMI 23.0-24.9 kg/m^2, and 8.6 （3.6-20.8） for women with BMI 25.0-26.9 kg/m^2, after controlling for age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, blood routine, biochemical data, hepatitis B virus surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C virus. The corresponding odds ratios in men were 1.6 （0.6-4.2）, 3.7 （1.6-8.8）, and 9.9 （4.2-23.2）. Conclusions Individuals in the upper normal weight and slightly overweight BMI range have relatively high prevalence and increased risk of having metabolic syndrome. Therefore, physicians should screen metabolic syndrome in not only obese but also non-obese individuals for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.     

Migration and gout: the Tokelau Island migrant study

The prevalence and 14 year incidence of clinical gout and its precursors were investigated in the Polynesian population of Tokelauans living in the Pacific basin, non-migrant Tokelauans living in their isolated atoll homeland being compared with migrant Tokelauans living in urban New Zealand. The age standardised prevalence of gout in Tokelauan men in New Zealand was higher than that in non-migrant Tokelauan men, being 21.0 and 19.5/1000 subjects at the beginning of the study and 51.0 and 14.6/1000 at the end of study, respectively. Migrant men in New Zealand aged under 55 had higher mean serum uric acid concentrations than non-migrant men of the same age. The prevalence of gout was low in women in both environments. The age standardised relative risk of developing gout between 1968 and 1982 was 9.0 times higher in the migrant men than in the non-migrant men. Age, serum uric acid concentration, serum cholesterol concentration, and self reported alcohol consumption at entry to the study were the best set of predictors of gout in men. Preventive strategies to change body mass, diet, and patterns of alcohol use need to be developed in this population.