辅助生殖技术受孕和自然受孕双胎妊娠结局的临床比较

目的:探讨辅助生殖技术(ART)受孕双胎妊娠与自然受孕双胎妊娠围生期的结局。方法:回顾分析93例ART受孕双胎妊娠孕妇(研究组)的并发症、分娩方式及围产儿结局,并与同期自然受孕双胎(对照组)451例比较。结果:研究组孕妇平均年龄较高(32.5±3.6岁),分娩孕周较小(33.4±4.3周),住院时间较长(21.1±2.6天),与对照组相比(分别为27.8±3.2岁、35.6±4.1周、11.3±1.5天)差异有显著性(P<0.05)。研究组早产、妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、前置胎盘、羊水过多的发生率明显高于对照组,两者差异有显著性(P<0.05)。研究组双胎输血综合征明显少于对照组(P<0.01)。两组剖宫产率均在72%以上,差异无统计学意义。研究组新生儿出生体重低、新生儿畸形和新生儿转NICU率高,与对照组相比有统计学差异(P<0.05)。研究组双胎之一胎死宫内率低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:ART受孕双胎并发症和不良新生儿结局风险大,加强ART受孕双胎妊娠并发症的防治和产前、产时监护,产儿科密切合作和新生儿护理具有重要意义。     

辅助生育技术受孕双胎与自然受孕双胎妊娠结局的分析

目的　探讨辅助生育技术受孕 (助孕 )双胎与自然受孕双胎围产期的结局。方法　选择 10 4例助孕双胎孕妇 (助孕组 )和 173例自然受孕双胎孕妇 (自然受孕组 ) ,比较两组孕妇一般情况、妊娠合并症、分娩情况和新生儿预后等方面的差异。结果　 (1)助孕组孕妇平均年龄 (31 2± 3 7)岁 ,自然受孕组孕妇为 (2 7 8± 3 5 )岁 ,两组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。 (2 )助孕组孕妇早产 70例(6 7 3% ) ,自然受孕组孕妇早产 78例 (45 1% ) ,两组比较 ,差异有极显著性 (P <0 0 1)。助孕组孕妇患妊娠期糖尿病或糖耐量异常 16例 (15 4 % ) ,自然受孕组孕妇仅 4例 (2 3% ) ,两组比较 ,差异有极显著性 (P <0 0 1)。(3)助孕组孕妇剖宫产率为 76 0 % (79/10 4 ) ,明显高于自然受孕组的 6 5 3% (113/173)。(4)两组围产儿死亡率、畸形发生率和新生儿窒息率等比较 ,差异无显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　助孕双胎孕妇年龄较大 ,早产率及妊娠期糖尿病或糖耐量异常发生率高 ;分娩方式以剖宫产为主。助孕双胎孕妇的围产儿结局与自然受孕双胎相似     

辅助生殖技术单胎妊娠结局分析

目的:研究辅助生殖技术(ART)与自然受孕两种不同受孕方式单胎妊娠的妊娠结局。方法:回顾分析2009年1月1日至2017年12月31日在广州医科大学附属第三医院住院分娩的妊娠≥20周的单胎妊娠病例资料。按受孕方法分为ART组及自然妊娠组,分析两组母儿结局,再按是否为高龄妊娠,比较ART组及自然妊娠组的母儿结局。结果:ART组孕妇的平均年龄、初产妇、定期产检、非足月胎膜早破(PPROM)、羊水量异常、子痫前期、妊娠期高血压、妊娠合并血小板减少症、妊娠期糖尿病、糖尿病合并妊娠、前置胎盘、胎盘植入/粘连、产后出血、剖宫产分娩、产钳/吸引产助产、人工剥离胎盘、药物/机械性引产、流产、胎儿窘迫及胎儿为男性发生率均高于自然妊娠组,ART组的住院天数更长,分娩孕周更低,转诊重症监护病房(ICU)、急性器官衰竭发生风险较低,ART组围产儿平均体重高于自然受孕组。高龄妊娠孕妇中,ART组的妊娠期糖尿病、剖宫产分娩发生风险增加。非高龄妊娠孕妇中,ART组子痫前期、妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病、糖尿病合并妊娠、流产、PROM、羊水量异常、前置胎盘、胎盘植入/粘连、产后出血、胎儿窘迫、人工剥离胎盘、药物/机械性引产发生风险增加。ART组较自然妊娠组钳产/吸引产风险均增加,产妇转诊ICU及非规律产检发生风险均降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:ART受孕单胎妊娠并发症及新生儿不良结局发生率高于自然妊娠组孕妇,但其更注重孕期产检;在非高龄妊娠孕妇中,ART组母儿不良结局风险增加,而高龄妊娠孕妇中,ART组母儿不良结局风险增加不明显。     

辅助生殖技术妊娠丢失的相关因素分析

辅助生殖技术(ART)后妊娠丢失病因复杂,困扰着大多数不孕患者与临床工作者,明确其相关因素对改善ART妊娠结局至关重要。经过文献综述,夫妻双方年龄、胚胎染色体异常影响ART妊娠结局,而ART方法、多胎妊娠是否影响其妊娠结局,及ART妊娠丢失率是否高于自然妊娠仍需进一步探讨,这为今后的研究提示了相应的研究方向。     

辅助生殖妊娠流产原因分析及防治

随着辅助生殖技术（ART）的发展和成熟，其妊娠率得到了极大提高，同时其成功妊娠结局亦日益受到关注和重视。自然流产作为ART的常见并发症，由于它不但降低ART治疗的妊娠成功率，而且增加ART患者夫妇的精神心理压力及经济负担。因此，重视ART妊娠流产的研究和原因的分析，并行之有效地采取相应措施，对提高ART治疗成功率、降低出生缺陷具有重要临床意义。     

辅助生殖技术(ART)助孕获得多胎妊娠行减胎术后妊娠结局观察

目的:探讨辅助生殖技术(ART)获得的多胎妊娠孕早期行经阴道减胎术的有效性和安全性。方法:以经ART助孕获得多胎妊娠行经阴道减胎术的患者123例为减胎组,根据减胎后保留的胎儿数分为双胎组(A组,n=90)和单胎组(B组,n=33)。另以同期经ART助孕获得单胎妊娠(C组,n=36)和双胎妊娠(D组,n=57)的患者为对照组。回顾性分析患者的妊娠结局及妊娠期并发症发生情况。结果:减胎组的减胎成功率为100.0%,妊娠成功率为91.9%。A组胎膜早破发生率、早产发生率、新生儿低出生体质量发生率、新生儿重症监护室(NICU)入住率均高于B组(P<0.05)。结论:多胎妊娠孕早期行经阴道减胎术安全、有效、可行。多胎妊娠实施减胎术中减为单胎更为安全。     

辅助生殖技术后异位妊娠82例临床分析

目的:探讨接受辅助生殖技术(ART)后异位妊娠患者的临床情况及高危因素.方法:对我院2005年1月至2008年10月接受体外受精一胚胎移植(IVF-ET)、卵母细胞内单精子注射(ICSI)、冻融胚胎移植(F-ET)治疗后发生异位妊娠的病例进行回顾性分析.结果:ART治疗5141个周期获临床妊娠1176例的患者中异位妊娠82例,占6.97%(82/1176),其中输卵管妊娠72例,占临床妊娠的6.12%(72/1176),占总异位妊娠的比例为87.8%(72/82).因输卵管因素行ART共3101周期,发生异位妊娠63例,发生率2.03%(63/3101);非输卵管因素行ART 2040周期,发生异位妊娠19例,发生率0.93%(19/2040).3种ART方式(IVF-ET、ICSI、F-ET)异位妊娠发生率比较,IVF显著高于ICSI和F-ET.结论:输卵管因素是ART后发生异位妊娠的高危因素.     

辅助生殖技术治疗周期中宫腔积液25例分析

目的　了解辅助生殖技术 (ART)周期中宫腔积液对临床结果的影响。方法　对 2 0 0 1年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 1 2月 2年内在湘雅医院生殖医学中心接受ART治疗 (IVF/ICSI ET)的 4 6 2对不育夫妇 5 2 7个治疗周期进行分析 ,判断宫腔积液与不孕原因、胚胎植入率、临床妊娠率之间关系。结果　宫腔积液在ART周期中发生率为4 74 %。在输卵管因素中B超下可见输卵管积液患者发生宫腔积液 (1 7 0 2 % )明显高于B超下未见输卵管积液患者 (3 1 8% ) ,P <0 0 1 ,经积极处理 ,宫腔积液者与无宫腔积液者胚胎植入率、临床妊娠率差异无显著性意义(P >0 0 5 )。结论　B超下可见输卵管积液患者ART周期中宫腔积液发生率增高 ,且在ART周期宫腔积液经积极处理不影响临床妊娠率     

辅助生殖技术助孕后不同步异位妊娠原因探究及文献回顾

目的:探讨辅助生殖技术(ART)能够降低异位妊娠风险的预防、治疗措施。方法:报道2例国内外少见的不同步异位妊娠病例,并结合近年来相关的5个案例进行回顾性分析。结果:不同步异位妊娠成因复杂,自然受孕及ART助孕都可发生,最迟可发生在初次异位妊娠后1个月左右,且往往需要2次手术治疗。结论:对有相应适应证的患者,输卵管抽芯切除作为预处理或冻融单囊胚移植可降低不同步异位妊娠的发生率;异位妊娠手术处理后1个月左右均需密切监测患者情况,尽早发现不同步异位妊娠病灶并给予及时处理。     

辅助生殖术后的异位妊娠

辅助生殖术后最初12周出现腹痛及阴消血流血，应疑患异位妊娠的可能。盆腔检查结合血清β－hCG及经阴道扫描是早期诊断的必备条件，最终选择仍为剖腹检查。早期诊、治可拯救同时伴发的宫内妊娠，降低母亲的危险性。     

Systemic oxidative stress could predict assisted reproductive technique outcome

Purpose

Previous studies have indicated that OxS (oxidative stress) may appear as a possible reason for poor ART outcome. Our aim was to study OxS levels in both partners of couples seeking Assisted reproduction Technology (ART).

Methods

Altogether 79 couples were recruited. Oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG) and lipid peroxidation (8-EPI) were measured, and clinical background and ART outcomes were recorded.

Results

Both OxS markers accurately reflected clincal conditions with prominent negative effects attributable to genital tract infections, endometriosis, uterine myoma and smoking. Furthermore, the level of OxS was also affected by partner’s state of health. The highest 8-EPI levels were detected in both partners when biochemically detectable pregnancies did not develop into clinically detectable pregnancies (in women, 97,8 ± 16,7 vs 72.9 ± 22,9, p = 0.007; in men, 89.6 ± 20,4 vs 72,1 ± 22,6, p = 0.049).

Conclusions

To conclude, high grade systemix OxS in both partners may negatively affect the maintenance and outcome of pregnancy. Applying the detection of OxS in ART patients may select patients with higher success rate and/or those who require antioxidant therapy. This would lead to improvement of ART outcome as well as natural fertility.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10815-015-0466-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Serum hormones for predicting pregnancy outcome after assisted reproductive technology

Serum human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in the second and third week after embryo transfer has been used for prediction of pregnancy outcome after assisted reproduction. There are few data on the clinical utility of HCG, progesterone and oestradiol, measured by contemporary immunoassay, in the fourth week after embryo transfer and later. Moreover, large inter-method differences have been described between automated immunoassays, making method-specific cut-off values mandatory. The main aim of this study was to determine assay-specific optimal cut-off values for serum HCG, progesterone and oestradiol for prediction of clinical pregnancy outcome in singleton pregnancies after assisted reproductive techniques, at days 11, 18 and 25 and at week 6 after embryo transfer. A retrospective study was performed on frozen serum samples of 67 singleton pregnancies after assisted reproduction techniques. HCG, oestradiol and progesterone were determined with the automated (random access) VIDAS immunoanalyser. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine optimal cut-off values. Predictive values were calculated based on the prevalence of non-viable pregnancy after assisted reproduction. It was concluded that measurement of HCG by VIDAS at days 18 and 25, and at week 6 after embryo transfer yields high positive (70.5-100%) and negative (87.2-94.4%) predictive values for clinical pregnancy outcome.     

Five cases of dizygotic triplet pregnancy following assisted reproductive techniques

Of 816 patients who became clinically pregnant by assisted reproductive techniques between September 2000 and August 2004, we experienced 10 cases (1.2%) of monozygotic twinning, and in five of these 10 cases, implantation of another embryo resulted in dizygotic triplets. Here, we report these five cases of dizygotic triplets. Fresh embryo transfer was performed in all five cases. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection or assisted hatching was not carried out in these cases. Blastocyst transfer was performed in three cases. Three embryos were transferred in case 1 (40-year-old female). While only two embryos were transferred in the other four cases so as to avoid triplet pregnancy, triplet pregnancies were confirmed. Triplet pregnancy was maintained in three cases, but in the other two cases, monochorionic twinning resulted in miscarriage during the first trimester. For the three patients who delivered the triplets, while the postnatal growth has been normal for all nine babies, the mothers were hospitalized for a long period of time, and an emergency cesarean section was performed on two patients. Because triplet pregnancy could not be completely prevented even when only two embryos were transferred, physicians should be sure to obtain informed consent in similar cases. (Reprod Med Biol 2005; 4 : 59–64)     

先天性子宫畸形患者辅助生殖技术助孕结局分析

目的:探讨先天性子宫畸形对女性生育能力的影响及先天性子宫畸形患者行辅助生殖技术(ART)助孕后的妊娠情况。方法:回顾分析我院2004年1月至2011年6月收治的145例子宫畸形行体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子显微注射和胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)患者的临床资料。随机抽取同期子宫形态正常的不孕患者198例作为对照组,比较两组患者的助孕情况及妊娠结局。结果:(1)子宫畸形组的年龄、获卵数、移植胚胎数、子宫内膜厚度与对照组比较,均无统计学差异;(2)145例子宫畸形患者行248个胚胎移植周期,妊娠89例共96个周期,患者临床妊娠率61.38%(89/145),移植周期临床妊娠率38.71%(96/248),足月产占55.21%(53/96)。与对照组比较,不同类型子宫畸形组临床妊娠率、多胎妊娠率、平均孕周及新生儿出生体重差异均无统计学意义;(3)双角+双子宫流产率较高(43.75%),与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05),其余各组差异均无统计学意义;(4)子宫畸形组的胎膜早破及低出生体重儿发生率分别为20.29%、31.87%,均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:先天性子宫畸形患者行ART助孕后妊娠率良好,但妊娠期胎膜早破及低出生体重儿发生率明显增高。     

Algorithm to predict assisted reproductive technology pregnancy outcome reveals minimal embryo synergy

A mathematical model was developed to calculate the implantation probability for individual embryos based on the pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cases with multiple embryos transferred. This model was used to calculate implantation probabilities of embryos of 31 morphological types using the outcome of 1,200 IVF/ICSI cases. The algorithm was validated by comparing the calculated pregnancy probability and multiple pregnancy probability with the actual outcome of 281 separate IVF/ICSI cases. Finally, an estimation of embryo synergy was calculated.     

Effect of spontaneous pregnancy reduction on obstetric outcome

OBJECTIVE: To determine if obstetric outcome is compromised in pregnancies in which a spontaneous pregnancy reduction (SPR) occurred in the first trimester. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study. RESULTS: First-trimester SPR was diagnosed in 29 (27.8%) of 104 twin pregnancies, 14 (28.6%) of 49 triplet pregnancies and 10 (28.6%) of 35 quadruplet pregnancies. Of these 53 patients, 15 were excluded from the analysis. In the remaining 38 women with SPR, vaginal bleeding occurred in 2 (5.3%) as compared to 7 (8.3%) of the controls. Pregnancy-induced hypertension occurred in 4 (10.5%) of SPR pregnancies as compared to 9 (10.7%) of control pregnancies. When compared to respective controls, there were no significant differences in the birth weights or gestational age at delivery of pregnancies spontaneously reduced to singletons (SPR, 38.5 weeks; controls, 38.2 weeks), twins (SPR, 36.2 weeks; controls, 34.4 weeks) or triplets (SPR, 31.0 weeks; controls, 32.0 weeks). CONCLUSION: SPR can be recognized in >25% of multiple pregnancies diagnosed in the early first trimester. Our data suggests that SPR is not associated with decreased gestational age at delivery, reduced birth weight or increased incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension.     

Poor pregnancy outcome following assisted reproductive technology among women operated on for bilateral endometriomas

Purpose  

To determine the first line of infertility treatment for managing patients with unilateral or bilateral ovarian endometriomas.     

妊娠期丈夫对妻子的家庭暴力与不良妊娠结局

目的　探讨妊娠期家庭暴力的现况以及其与不良妊娠结局的关系。　方法　采用分层整群抽样的方法 ,在天津市和辽宁、河南、陕西省的 6个市、32个区 ,对有 6个月至 1岁半小儿的妇女12 0 4 4名进行了调查及分析。　结果　妊娠期家庭暴力的发生率为 4 .3% ,形式为心理暴力、性暴力和躯体暴力 ,且反复发生 ,性暴力的发生率最高。妊娠期遭受家庭暴力的孕妇 ,妊娠次数多 (P <0 .0 1,OR =2 .0 )、有人工流产史的比例高 (P <0 .0 1,OR =1.89)、产前检查开始晚 (P =0 .0 1,OR =1.32 ) ,而且妊娠期阴道出血、胎儿生长受限、胎盘早剥、妊娠期贫血、胎膜早破以及新生儿疾病的发生率明显高 (P <0 .0 5 ,OR值分别为 1.85、2 .81、5 .39、1.92、1.6 4和 1.92 )。未发现妊娠期家庭暴力与早产的关系。此外 ,孕妇和其丈夫的文化程度、职业、月收入、吸烟、饮酒的状况与孕妇受虐和丈夫施暴有关 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论　本研究提示家庭暴力应作为影响不良妊娠结局的一个因素 ,妊娠期检查时应该常规询问 ,以及时发现 ,给予适当的救助 ,从而减少不良妊娠结局的发生     

Variable outcome in quintuplets pregnancy based on obstetric care

The incidence of multiple pregnancies has increased dramatically over the last few years in developed countries, largely attributed to delayed childbearing and the increasing use of assisted reproduction technologies and ovulation inducing hormones. Relatively few countries have population-based statistics covering birth statistics. Of those that do, the numbers of quintuplet pregnancies rose sharply in the nineties while, at the same time, their delivery rates decreased greatly because of the use of fetal reduction. Fetal reduction is not possible or legal in some countries, Poland being one of them, and therefore obstetricians are faced with the challenges of quintuplet deliveries. Conservative treatment and management is difficult, and outcomes often vary greatly. Despite this, expert care provided at tertiary care centers can positively influence outcomes. The objective of this article is to present different care options and their consequences in two illustrative cases, as well as to establish a set of obstetric care and management goals that would allow prolongation of the gestation time. Quintuplet pregnancy is rare but poses relevant clinical problems to both the obstetrician and the neonatologist. It should be managed with close cooperation between all concerned. Due to the extreme and invariable risk of premature delivery associated with quintuplet pregnancies, we recommend early diagnosis, adequate prenatal care at one tertiary medical center, routine hospitalization and bed rest, repeated ante partum ultrasound surveillance with tests of fetal well-being, tocolytic therapy at first signs of the risk of premature labor, and specialized neonatology care after delivery.