经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

目的探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的安全性和疗效。方法应用经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折30例,其中男8例、女22例,年龄55～86岁。共治疗40个椎体:单椎体23例,2个椎体4例,3个椎体3例。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术。手术时间35～138 min,术中球囊扩张压力200～300 psi(1 psi=6.89 kPa),骨水泥注射量2.5～5 ml。1例球囊术中破裂,1例发生椎旁渗漏,2例椎间隙渗漏,1例椎管内渗漏,未出现临床症状。1例术中出现血压、脉搏下降,对症处理后好转。患者疼痛症状得到明显缓解,未见神经损伤等并发症的发生。结论经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折可迅速缓解疼痛、有效恢复骨折椎体高度,明显减少骨水泥渗漏率,这种技术简单、微创、安全、疗效肯定。掌握好椎弓根穿刺、球囊扩张技术以及把握好骨水泥的推注时机等能有效降低并发症的发生。     

单球囊椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折

目的:探讨应用单球囊扩张行椎体后凸成形术治疗的临床价值。方法:14例疼痛性骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折患者,累及椎体23个。在X线监测下,经双侧椎弓根穿刺伤椎,使用单球囊先后置入两侧,完成球囊扩张,改善椎体高度,骨水泥填充。术后观察疼痛缓解状况与骨折复位情况。结果:14例患者手术顺利,术后72h内疼痛均完全缓解,无临床并发症。术前伤椎椎体前缘和中部高度平均分别丢失(14.80±4.03)mm和(10.68±3.89)mm,术后平均分别丢失(10.32±3.92)mm和(6.37±3.58)mm。后凸畸形由术前平均(21.2±5.9)°,矫正至术后(11.6±3.9)°。1例1个椎间隙发现少许骨水泥渗漏,但无临床症状,其余椎体无明显骨水泥渗漏的X线表现。结论:应用单球囊行椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折疗效满意。     

国产椎体球囊扩张治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折

目的：探讨椎体球囊扩张成形术在治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折（VCF）的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折经椎体球囊扩张成形术治疗12例（17个椎体）,均为女性;年龄58～77岁（平均69．92岁）。压缩性骨折椎体：T8、T11、L2各1例次,L3、L4、L5各2例次,T12、L1各4例次。临床表现胸背部疼痛明显且无神经症状及体征。视觉疼痛模拟评分法（VAS）评分为平均7．1分。结果：所有病人均采用椎体球囊扩张成形术。病人术后1个月VAS评分平均1．85分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,17节椎体采用球囊扩张高度恢复7．9％±1．1％。无一例发生骨水泥渗漏及神经受损等不适症状。结论：球囊扩张成形术能够有效地缓解骨质疏松压缩性骨折导致的疼痛,并部分恢复椎体高度,可改善脊柱功能。     

椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折

目的探讨椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效和安全性。方法10例疼痛性老年骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折患者,累及椎体11个。在X线监测下,经双侧椎弓根穿刺伤椎,置入可扩张球囊,推注对比剂扩张球囊,使塌陷椎体复位,并在椎体内形成空腔,应用骨水泥在牙膏期时向空腔内填充。术后观察疼痛缓解状况与骨折复位情况。结果10例患者手术顺利,术后48h内疼痛均完全缓解,无临床并发症。术后伤椎椎体高度恢复满意。后凸畸形矫正6°～24°。1例患者术后CT检查发现在椎体前侧缘有少量骨水泥外溢。结论椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折安全有效。     

经皮椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性脊柱骨折(附13例报告)

目的　探讨经皮穿刺、球囊扩张椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折的疗效。方法　随访老年骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折患者 13例 ,男 5例 ,女 8例 ,年龄 6 1～ 78岁 ,平均 6 7岁 ,伤椎T112例 ,T12 5例 ,L13例 ,L2 2例 ,1例为T10 ～L14个椎体。在C型臂X线机或导航系统下 ,采用经皮穿刺 ,在椎弓根建立 4 5mm直径的管性通道 ,将耐高压可扩张球囊置入伤椎 ,高压注入造影剂使球囊扩张 ,将松质骨向两侧终板挤压 ,抬高椎体 ,X线确认椎体高度恢复或终板变形 ,记录球囊压力以及容量 ,抽出造影剂 ,并取出球囊 ,将计算好的同体积等温固化骨水泥注入扩张产生的空腔 ,待骨水泥固化后 ,拔除工作套管 ,手术完成。结果　 13例患者术后腰背部疼痛基本消失 ,6～ 8h后可以离床活动 ,术后X线确认压缩骨折椎体基本复位 ,后凸畸形平均矫正 14°(10°～ 2 8°) ,术后随诊 1～ 12个月 ,腰背痛无复发 ,伤椎高度无丢失。结论　经皮穿刺、球囊扩张椎体成形术作为治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折的一种新型微创技术 ,操作简便 ,能够迅速缓解疼痛 ,改善功能。     

球囊后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折

目的 探讨球囊后凸成形术对骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性随访2005～2007年采用经皮球囊后凸椎体成形术治疗老年人骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折27例,43个椎体,测量术前术后骨折椎体的后凸角度,采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)比较患者术前和术后的疼痛变化.结果 本组病例均能耐受该手术,有5个椎体出现轻度骨水泥渗漏,但患者没有临床症状.术前术后脊柱X线片显示椎体高度有所恢复,脊柱后凸畸形改善,术前椎体后凸角度(19.7±7.2)°,术后(11.6±5.3)°,所有患者疼痛明显缓解,疼痛视觉模拟评分由术前8.0±1.3下降至术后3.7±1.5.结论 球囊后凸成形术能够有效地控制骨折疏松椎体压缩性骨折导致的疼痛,并可以部分恢复椎体高度和脊柱后凸畸形,有利于改善脊柱的功能,提高患者的生活质量.     

用国产器械行椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折的价值

目的探讨用国产器械行椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折的疗效和安全性。方法 16例疼痛性老年骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折患者,累及椎体19个。在 X 线监测下,经双侧椎弓根穿刺受累椎体,置人可扩张球囊,推注对比剂扩张球囊,使塌陷椎体复位,并在椎体内形成空腔,应用骨水泥在牙膏期时向空腔内填充。术后观察疼痛缓解状况与骨折复位情况。结果 16例患者手术顺利,术后48 h 内疼痛均完全缓解,无临床并发症。术前受累椎体前缘和中部高度分别压缩(14.8±4.1)mm 和(10.4±4.4)mm,术后分别压缩(10.7±3.5)mm 和(5.4±2.7)mm,差异有统计学意义(t 值分别为3.96、5.37,P 值均<0.01)。后凸畸形由术前平均(22.4±5.8)°,矫正至术后(12.1±5.3)°,手术前后差异有统计学意义(t=5.93,P<0.01)。术后 CT 检查发现1例患者在椎体前侧缘有少量骨水泥外溢。结论用国产器械行椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折,安全有效。     

单球囊多次扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗多发性骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折

目的探讨单球囊多次扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗多发性骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折的临床价值。方法33例疼痛性骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折患者,累及椎体76个。在X线监测下,使用单球囊先后置入多个椎体,并多次扩张,改善椎体高度,骨水泥填充。术后观察疼痛缓解状况与骨折复位情况。结果33例患者手术顺利,术后1周内疼痛明显缓解,无并发症。患者视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)由术前平均(6.46±1.40)分降至(1.65±0.42)分;Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分由术前平均71.38%降至22.92%。球囊扩张压力为120～300psi,平均为171.2psi;球囊扩张次数为2～6次,平均扩张3.3次,仅1个球囊在第6次扩张中破裂。术前伤椎椎体前缘和中部高度平均分别丢失(14.43±4.18)mm和(10.49±3.70)mm,术后平均分别丢失(9.79±3.64)mm和(5.52±2.83)mm。Cobb角由术前平均23.33°±6.33°,矫正至术后12.51°±4.32°。2例2个椎体前侧缘发现少许骨水泥渗漏,但无临床症状,其余椎体无明显骨水泥渗漏的X线表现。结论应用单球囊多次扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗多发性骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折疗效满意,并降低了手术费用。     

应用经皮椎体成形术及SKy椎体后凸成形术治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折

目的探讨微创法经皮椎体成形术(PVP)及SKy骨膨胀椎体后凸成形术(SKy-PKP)治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法应用微创法治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者38例,其中经皮椎体成形术治疗25例,SKy骨膨胀椎体后凸成形术治疗13例。术后随访3~20个月,平均14个月,记录对比疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)及伤椎形态变化。结果所有患者手术均获成功,无神经损伤并发症,伤椎处疼痛术后均获得快速显著缓解。VAS评分平均改变PVP组从6.6±2.9降至1.7±1.6,SKy-PKP组从6.9±2.9降至1.8±1.5;伤椎压缩恢复程度PVP组伤椎Cobb角平均改善11°,SKy-PKP组伤椎Cobb角平均改善18°。随访期间,疗效均满意,无手术后遗症及伤椎高度明显丢失情况。结论采用微创法PVP及SKy-PKP治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折能够迅速缓解疼痛,增加椎体的稳定性。PVP主要适合于创伤或病理性新鲜压缩性骨折;SKy-PKP适应证较广,也可适用于新鲜及陈旧性压缩性骨折。     

经皮椎体后凸成形术在骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折中的应用

目的探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折的方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年2月~2013年11月收治的胸腰椎骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者83例共95个椎体,均采用经椎弓根单侧或双侧PKP的方法进行治疗,并对术后病椎椎体前缘的高度恢复值、视觉模拟评分(VAS)和Oswestry评分的疼痛改善情况、骨水泥的渗漏情况进行了分析。结果 83例术后均获得平均16个月(6~40个月)的随访,95个椎体均穿刺成功,手术效果均满意。术后VAS和Oswestry疼痛评分较术前均明显缓解(P0.01),椎体前缘高度明显改善(P0.01);手术的主要并发症为骨水泥渗漏,总体发生率为43%,但并未引起患者不适症状。结论 PKP手术是一种安全、方便、有效的治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的方法。     

经椎弓根单球囊跨中线扩张椎体后凸成形术的临床初步研究

目的 探讨经椎弓根单球囊跨巾线扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗多发性骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折的临床价值.方法36例疼痛性骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折患者,累及椎体61个.在X线临测下,经一侧椎弓根将单球囊置入椎体的中线区,使单球囊在椎体内跨中线扩张,骨水泥在椎体内跨中线分布.术后观察患者视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)变化以及椎体高度恢复和后凸畸形矫正情况,并采用配对t检验对上述指标进行比较.随访6.0～12.0个月(平均9.2个月).结果36例患者手术顺利,平均每个椎体于术时间为(37.4±9.6)min,术后96 h疼痛明显缓解,功能改善显著,无严重临床并发症发生.患者VAS由术前平均(7.3±1.0)分降至术后(2.7±0.8)分(t=19.53,P＜0.01);ODI由术前平均(71.1±10.9)%降至术后(26.6±6.4)%(t=18.54,P＜0.01).术前病椎椎体前缘和中部高度丢失平均分别为(14.3±2.8)mm和(10.2±2.7)mm,术后分别为(10.0±1.8)mm和(5.9±1.8)mm,两者差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为14.68和16.44,P值均＜ 0.01).Cobb角术前平均23.4°±5.0°,术后矫正至16.2°±2.8°(t=15.60,P＜0.01).2例分别在椎体前缘和椎间隙内发现少许骨水泥渗漏,但无临床症状,其余椎体X线检查未发现骨水泥渗漏的表现.术后随访期间,患者无疼痛加重或椎体再次塌陷以及邻近椎体发生骨折的情况.结论 经椎弓根单球囊跨中线扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折疗效满意,手术时间与放射暴露时间短.     

球囊扩张椎体成形术治疗老年胸腰椎多发性压缩骨折

目的探讨一次多椎体球囊扩张椎体成形术治疗老年胸腰椎多发性压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法应用一次多椎体球囊扩张椎体成形术,先扩张症状最严重椎体,再同时用球囊扩张其余椎体,恢复椎体部分或全部高度,每个椎体注入骨水泥3～8ml,术后行X线检查以评价椎体高度恢复、骨水泥填充情况及有无渗漏。疗效判断采用测类比评分法(VAS)计算患者的疼痛缓解率。结果 48例均经3～24个月的随访(平均13个月),疼痛缓解率平均为86.2%。术后X线片显示骨水泥在椎管内充填满意,椎体高度平均恢复达到60%～80%,前屈后伸未见椎体前缘高度改变。结论一次多椎体球囊扩张椎体成形术微创、止痛效果好,疗效明显,是治疗老年胸腰椎多发性压缩骨折的有效方法。     

Incidence of adjacent vertebral fractures in patients treated with balloon kyphoplasty: two years' prospective follow-up

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of 37 patients with 60 osteoporotic vertebral fractures, located in the thoracic and lumbar spine, treated with balloon kyphoplasty. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fourty-two patients (15 males and 27 females) with 67 osteoporotic vertebral fractures were treated with balloon kyphoplasty. We were able to have 2-year follow-up of 37 patients with 60 treated vertebrae. Baseline fracture rate in these 37 patients was 1.9 (60 fresh fractures and 11 old fractures already healed). Symptomatic levels were identified by correlating the clinical presentation with conventional radiographs, computed tomography (CT), and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). During the 2-year follow-up, reduction in pain was determined. The effects on pain symptoms were measured on a self-reported visual analog scale (VAS) and the Oswestry score was documented to assess disability. Radiographic scans were performed pre- and postoperatively, and after 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. The vertebral height and endplate angles were measured to assess the restoration of the sagittal alignment. RESULTS: The median pain scores (VAS) decreased significantly from pre- to post-treatment as did the Oswestry Disability Score (P<0.05). This improvement was maintained at 2-year follow-up. In eight patients (21.6%) (five female, three male), an adjacent fracture occurred in 11 vertebrae (18.3%) within 3 weeks to 22 months of follow-up (after 22 months no adjacent fracture occurred). This makes an annualized refracture rate of 10% (18.3/22 x 12). In three patients the adjacent fractures were asymptomatic. Five patients with symptomatic adjacent fractures (eight vertebrae) wanted to be treated again with balloon kyphoplasty. Clinically asymptomatic cement leakage occurred in nine of 67 vertebral bodies (13.4%). During 2-year follow-up, this surgical technique demonstrated restoration and stabilization of the height of the vertebral body. CONCLUSION: Balloon kyphoplasty is an effective, minimally invasive procedure for the stabilization of osteoporotic vertebral fractures, leading to a statistically significant reduction of pain status.     

应用经皮椎体成形术及经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折

目的 观察应用经皮椎体成形术(PVP)以及经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(osteoporosis vertebra compressed fracture,OVCF)的临床疗效.方法 选择2007年8月-2009年7月收治的42例采用PVP或PKP治疗的OVCF患者,应用视觉模拟疼痛评分(VA...     

Percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of pathological vertebral body fracture and deformity in multiple myeloma: a one-year follow-up

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of balloon kyphoplasty in patients with fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine caused by multiple myeloma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Vertebral fractures due to multiple myeloma were treated by balloon kyphoplasty (20 patients, 48 vertebral bodies). Symptomatic levels were identified by clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radiographs, and computed tomography (CT). During the following year, visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability score were documented. Radiographs were taken pre- and postoperatively at 3, 6, and 12 months. Vertebral height and kyphotic deformity were measured to assess restoration of the sagittal alignment. RESULTS: The median pain scores (VAS) decreased significantly from pre- to posttreatment, as did the Oswestry disability score (p < 0.05). Clinically asymptomatic cement leakage occurred at 5 fracture levels (10.4%). During 1-year follow-up, this surgical technique demonstrated restoration and stabilization of the height of the vertebral body. CONCLUSION: Balloon kyphoplasty is an effective minimally invasive procedure for stabilizing pathological vertebral fractures caused by multiple myeloma and leading to a statistically significant reduction of pain status. Balloon kyphoplasty stabilizes the vertebral body height, but is only partially able to prevent further kyphotic deformities.     

经皮椎体后凸成形术与非手术治疗急性和亚急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折临床研究

目的 经皮椎体后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)与非手术疗法治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,OVCF),探讨其有效性和安全性仍然不明朗.方法 164例骨质疏松性脊柱骨折患者被纳入前瞻性随机对照研究...     

Kyphoplasty

Kyphoplasty is a relatively new procedure that is indicated for the treatment of osteoporotic or pathologic compression fractures of the thoracic and/or lumbar spine. This minimally invasive procedure requires imaging guidance. Kyphoplasty entails the inflation of a balloon tamp, prior to the injection of opacified acrylic bone cement, within the compressed vertebral body in an attempt to restore vertebral body height and reduce the associated kyphotic deformity. Preliminary studies show that kyphoplasty, like vertebroplasty, provides significant pain relief in properly selected patients. Definitive demonstration of height restoration and kyphosis correction are still under investigation. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.     

CT引导下单球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术的临床应用

目的探讨CT引导下经椎弓根单球囊跨中线扩张后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折的疗效及优缺点。资料与方法 37例疼痛性骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折患者,累及椎体47个。在CT引导下,经一侧椎弓根单球囊置入椎体中线区,使单球囊在椎体内跨中线扩张,骨水泥在椎体内跨中线分布,术后观察患者的疗效及骨折复位情况。结果 37例(47个椎体)均穿刺成功,术前受累椎体前缘高度(12.05±3.73)mm,术后恢复至(16.49±4.85)mm,差异有统计学意义,后凸畸形由术前(23.4±5.4)°,矫正至术后(12.3±4.7)°,手术前后差异有统计学意义。结论 CT引导下单球囊椎体后凸成形术,路径设计合理,穿刺成功率高,避免多次重复穿刺,所以创伤小、手术时间短;有效地解除了由于骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折引起的多种临床症状。