高度近视白内障超声乳化摘除术疗效观察

目的 探讨高度近视白内障超声乳化摘除及后房型人工晶状体植入术的疗效。方法 2001年9月至2003年10月对68例(78只眼)高度近视白内障施行透明角膜切口超声乳化摘除及后房型人工晶状体植入术。结果 术后第1天，裸眼视力≥0．5者32只眼．占41．03％；术后1周矫正视力≥0．5者42只眼，占53．85oA；1月≥0．5者46只眼，占58．97％；3月≥0．5者48只眼，占61．54％。术后远视力均较术前矫正视力提高一排以上。术中术后无明显并发症发生。仅有1例术后6月发生视网膜脱离。结论 高度近视白内障超声乳化摘除及后房型人工晶状体植入术具有术后视力恢复快、无严重并发症等优点。视力提高程度与患者高度近视眼底病变有关。     

高度近视白内障小切口非超声乳化人工晶状体植入术

目的　评价高度近视白内障小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出联合人工晶状体植入术的效果。方法　眼轴 >2 6 mm的高度近视合并白内障 88例 (91只眼 )。其中核性白内障 4 9只眼 ,后囊下白内障 32只眼 ,皮质性白内障 10只眼。施行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出联合人工晶状体植入术。结果　术后 1月裸眼视力≥ 0 .5者 4 6只眼(5 0 .5 5 % ) ,矫正视力≥ 0 .5者 5 8只眼 (6 3.74 % )。术后散光轻 ,伤口愈合快 ,视力提高快 ,并发症少。结论　小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出联合人工晶状体植入术是高度近视合并白内障较理想的手术方式。     

高度近视白内障人工晶状体植入术的临床观察

目的　观察超声晶状体乳化吸出联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障合并高度近视的临床效果。方法　对70例 (12 5眼 )白内障合并高度近视行超声乳化吸出低度数或负度数丙烯酸酯折叠式人工晶状体植入术 ,观察术中术后并发症、术后视力和屈光状态。术后随访时间≥ 3月。结果　术中和术后并发症有后囊破裂 3眼 ,角膜水肿 12眼。术后 3月最佳矫正视力 <0 1者 4眼 ,0 1～ 0 4者 2 5眼 ,0 5～ 0 9者 86眼 ,1 0～ 1 5者 10眼。 4眼 (3 2 % )晶状体后囊浑浊 ,无视网膜脱离者。结论　超声乳化吸出低度数或负度数丙烯酸酯折叠式人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障合并高度近视 ,是安全有效的。     

应用冷超声乳化技术治疗高度近视合并白内障临床观察

目的观察冷超声乳化白内障吸除联合折叠型人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视合并白内障的疗效,探讨手术并发症的原因与处理方法。方法对48例（52只眼）高度近视合并白内障患者实施冷超声乳化术联合折叠型人工晶状体植入术,观察术中术后并发症、术前术后视力变化、屈光度数的情况。术后随访3个月至1年。结果术后第1天,矫正视力≥0．5者24只眼（46．1％）,术后1周,矫正视力≥0．5者34只眼（65．3％）,术后3个月,矫正视力≥0．5者40只眼（76．9％）。有2只眼视力无提高。术中后囊膜破裂2只眼,术后角膜水肿3只眼,后囊膜混浊4只眼。结论应用冷超声乳化术联合折叠型人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视合并自内障具有视力恢复快、手术并发症少等优点,但要求较高的手术操作技巧。     

低度数或负度数折叠式人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障合并高度近视的临床观察

目的观察白内障摘除联合低度数或负度数丙烯酸酯(Acrysof)折叠式人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障合并高度近视的临床疗效.方法对40例(56只眼)白内障合并高度近视患者行超声乳化白内障吸除低度数或负度数Acrysof折叠式人工晶状体植入术,观察术中和术后并发症、术后视力和屈光度数.术后随访时间≥3个月.结果术中无并发症发生.术后3个月最佳矫正视力＜0.1者2只眼,0.1～0.4者12只眼,0.5～0.9者36只眼,1.0～1.5者6只眼;4只眼(7.2%)晶状体后囊膜混浊,1只眼(1.8%)发生晶状体囊袋阻滞综合征,无视网膜脱离者.结论超声乳化白内障吸除低度数或负度数Acrysof折叠式人工晶状体植入术,是治疗白内障合并高度近视患者安全、有效的手术方法.     

高度近视白内障小切口非乳化摘出人工晶状体植入术

目的　探讨高度近视白内障小切口非超声乳化摘出人工晶状体植入术的手术效果。方法　对眼轴 >2 6mm高度近视白内障 49例 (5 6眼 )实施小切口非超声乳化摘出人工晶状体植入术。结果　术后 1月裸眼视力≥ 0 .5者 3 0眼(5 3 .5 7% ) ;矫正视力≥ 0 .5者 3 5眼 (62 .5 % )。术中术后并发症有后囊破裂 2眼 (3 .5 7% ) ,角膜水肿 4眼 (7.14 % ) ,囊样黄斑水肿 1眼 (1.78% ) ,视网膜脱离 1眼 (1.78% )。结论　小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术适应于高度近视合并白内障患者 ,术中须注意操作技巧 ,减少并发症     

糖尿病白内障超声乳化摘除人工晶状体植入术分析

目的 探讨糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植人术的效果。方法 对41例(45只眼)糖尿病患者施行白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植人术，术后观察视力、并发症情况。结果 术后视力0．3以上者35只眼(77．8％)，0．5以上者25只眼(55．6％)，≤0．1者2只眼(4．4％)。结论 糖尿病白内障患者行超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术切口小、视力恢复快、并发症少、安全有效。     

超声乳化治疗高度近视白内障的临床观察

目的 探讨高度近视合并白内障的超声乳化术的效果。方法 85例(113眼)高度近视合并白内障进行了超声乳化人工晶状体植入术。结果 术后视力：手动／眼前者6眼，数指0．1者6眼，0．12～0．4者57眼，0．5～0．8者34眼，≥1．0者为10眼。术中后囊破裂4眼，角膜水肿6眼，眼底出血6眼，发生虹膜反应6眼。均无严重并发症发生。结论 超声化联合人工晶状体植入治疗高度中并白内障可获得良好的手术效果，是一种较理想和安全的手术方法。     

晶状体半脱位白内障手术治疗的临床探讨

目的 探讨治疗晶状体悬韧带断离致白内障晶状体半脱位的有效方法。方法 分别对27例(27只跟)白内障晶状体半脱位患者行超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术(21只眼)和小切口现代囊外白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术(6只眼),术后观察和总结患者的视力变化情况、人工晶状体的位置及手术并发症。结果 全部患者术后视力均有提高,术后3d视力为0.1～0．4者6只眼,0．5～0．8者21只眼;术后1个月视力为0．1～0．4者7只眼,0．5～0．8者20只眼。正常瞳孔下1只眼可见人工晶状体上缘,散瞳后2只眼人工晶状体偏位,均无复视症状发生;术中和术后均无严重并发症发生。结论 只要具有熟练的手术技巧,选择最佳手术方式,手术治疗晶状体半脱位白内障可取得良好效果。     

高度近视白内障晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的临床观察

目的 观察晶状体超声乳化吸出联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障合并高度近视的临床效果.方法 对27例(47眼)白内障合并高度近视行晶状体超声乳化吸出,低度数丙烯酸酯折叠式人工晶状体植入术,观察术中、术后并发症,术后视力及屈光状态,术后随访>6月.结果 术中有后囊破裂1眼(2.13%),角膜水肿7眼(14.89%),葡萄膜炎症1眼(2.13%).术后1月-3月矫正视力<0.1者1眼(2.13%),0.1-0.4者12眼(25.53%),0.5-0.8者30眼(63.83%),1.0-1.5者4眼(8.51%).晶状体后囊浑浊6眼(12.77%).观察2年无视网膜脱离者.结论 晶状体超声.乳化吸出,低度数丙烯酸酯折叠式人工晶状体植入治疗白内障合并高度近视安全并且效果良好.     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.