生长抑素对缺氧缺血性脑病肠损伤的治疗

Objective To explore the therapeutical effect of somatostatin(SST) on the damaged bowel barrier of 7-day-old SD rats with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE). Methods Total 7-day-old SD rats were randomly divided into untreated control group(n=6), sham-operated group(n = 6), HIE model group(n = 8) and SST-treated group(n = 8). After 6 hours of operation, abdominal aorta blood of the rats was collected to measure the level of D-lactic acid, the ileum was taken for pathological analysis and immunohistochemistry staining of SP. Results The level of D-lactic acid in HIE model group was obviously increased[(10.30 ± 1.70)mg/L], and there were significant differences compared to untreated control group, sham-operated group as well as SST-treated group respectively(P < 0.05, respectively). The cillia of ileum became widen and shorten, and the number of it decreased. At the same time, in the stratum mucosa and the neurofibrillary tangle, the expression of SP was increased (average optical density: 12.67 ± 5.46), and there were significant differences compared to untreated control group, sham-operated group as well as SST-treated group raspectively (P < 0.05,respectively).Compared with HIE model group,the level of D-lactic aeid decreased obviously[(7.35 ± 1.55) mg/L] in SST-treated group,and there were no differences compared to untreated control group and sham-operated group respectively. The intestinal villi became thinner and higher in the SST-treated group, even the number increased. Besides that, the expression of SP decreased(average optical density: 0.73 ± 0.09), and there were no differences compared to untreated control group and sham-operated group respectively. Conclusion The therapeutical effect of SST on the bowel barrier damage of 7-day-old SD rats with HIE is clear.     

高氧致慢性肺疾病新生大鼠肺泡损伤及肺泡上皮细胞的变化

Objective To explore the changes of alveolar morphology and alveolar epithelial cells in rats with hyperoxia-induced chronic lung diseases (CLD). Methods CLD model in neonatal rats was established by inhalation of high concentration oxygen(85%～90% ). Eighty neonatal rats were randomly exposed to hyperoxia (model group) and to room air (control group) (n =40 each). Radical alveolar counts and the alveolar septum thickness were used to evaluate alveolar development. The site and intensity of expression of SPC,AQP5 protein were detected by immunohistochemical staining,the dynamic expression of SPC mRNA,AQP5mRNA was detected by RT-PCR on day 1,3,7,14 and 21 after exposure. Results There were no significant differences about alveolar wall thickness and RAC between experimental groups and control group on day 1～3 ( P > 0. 05 ). But there was significant difference between the model group and the control groups on day 7 and 14 (P <0. 01 ). For model group,alveolar septum thickness peaked on day 21, the difference was significant compared with control group ( 10. 62±5.01 vs 3.62±0. 88, P < 0. 001 ), but RAC decreased to the lowest level, the difference was significant compared with control group ( 3.57±1.24 vs 10. 47±0. 88,P <0. 001 ). The expression of SPC decreased on day 3 manifestedly but increased on day 7 and the levels of SPC were higher than that in the control group. Experimental group showed gradual decrease in AQP5 expression as the lung impairment devastated. Conclusion Alveolar development was delayed and alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) was damaged in the neonatal CLD rats. The changes of SPC,AQP5 expression suggested AECI was severely damaged and failed in full recovery, meanwhile the quantity of AEC Ⅱ was increased but the ability of its differentiation and transformation was decreased.     

高氧致慢性肺疾病新生大鼠肺泡损伤及肺泡上皮细胞的变化

Objective To explore the changes of alveolar morphology and alveolar epithelial cells in rats with hyperoxia-induced chronic lung diseases (CLD). Methods CLD model in neonatal rats was established by inhalation of high concentration oxygen(85%～90% ). Eighty neonatal rats were randomly exposed to hyperoxia (model group) and to room air (control group) (n =40 each). Radical alveolar counts and the alveolar septum thickness were used to evaluate alveolar development. The site and intensity of expression of SPC,AQP5 protein were detected by immunohistochemical staining,the dynamic expression of SPC mRNA,AQP5mRNA was detected by RT-PCR on day 1,3,7,14 and 21 after exposure. Results There were no significant differences about alveolar wall thickness and RAC between experimental groups and control group on day 1～3 ( P > 0. 05 ). But there was significant difference between the model group and the control groups on day 7 and 14 (P <0. 01 ). For model group,alveolar septum thickness peaked on day 21, the difference was significant compared with control group ( 10. 62±5.01 vs 3.62±0. 88, P < 0. 001 ), but RAC decreased to the lowest level, the difference was significant compared with control group ( 3.57±1.24 vs 10. 47±0. 88,P <0. 001 ). The expression of SPC decreased on day 3 manifestedly but increased on day 7 and the levels of SPC were higher than that in the control group. Experimental group showed gradual decrease in AQP5 expression as the lung impairment devastated. Conclusion Alveolar development was delayed and alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) was damaged in the neonatal CLD rats. The changes of SPC,AQP5 expression suggested AECI was severely damaged and failed in full recovery, meanwhile the quantity of AEC Ⅱ was increased but the ability of its differentiation and transformation was decreased.     

幼年大鼠溺水应激后胰岛素信号传导变化及外源胰岛素治疗反应

Objective To explore the alteration of insulin signal transduction in drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia and to investigate therapeutic effect of insulin on it.Methods Stress hyperglycemia model was induced by drowning.Thirty-two infant rats were randomized into control,drowning,air resuscitation and air-insulin resuscitation groups.Insulin was injected abdominally into the air-insulin resuscitation rats.Fasting serum glucose and insulin were determined routinely,and protein expressions and serine phosphorylation levels of insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS-1) in muscle tissue were detected by Western blot and immunoprecipitation.The expressions of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4) in the intracellular and plasma membranes of muscle tissue were detected by Western blot.Results In the drowning group,insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) increased significantly as compared with that of the control group,but the level of IRS-1 had no significantly change as compared with the other three groups.As compared with that of the drowning group(0.71±0.12),IRS-1 serine phosphorylation levels of the two resuscitation groups decreased significantly(0.56±0.13 and 0.46±0.08 respectively).The intracellular GLUT4 expression in the two resuscitation groups(1.82±0.11 and 1.96±0.28 respectively)increased significantly in contrast to that of the drowning group(1.45±0.15),and the air-insulin resuscitation groups showed an especially high increase of intracellular GLUT4 expression.Conclusion During the drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia,the alteration of serine phosphorylation and GLUT4 distribution is one of the important mechanism of insulin resistance.Insulin may decrease the blood glucose through decreasing serine phosphorylation levels of IRS-1 and increasing the intracellular GLUT4 expressions.     

幼年大鼠溺水应激后胰岛素信号传导变化及外源胰岛素治疗反应

Objective To explore the alteration of insulin signal transduction in drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia and to investigate therapeutic effect of insulin on it.Methods Stress hyperglycemia model was induced by drowning.Thirty-two infant rats were randomized into control,drowning,air resuscitation and air-insulin resuscitation groups.Insulin was injected abdominally into the air-insulin resuscitation rats.Fasting serum glucose and insulin were determined routinely,and protein expressions and serine phosphorylation levels of insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS-1) in muscle tissue were detected by Western blot and immunoprecipitation.The expressions of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4) in the intracellular and plasma membranes of muscle tissue were detected by Western blot.Results In the drowning group,insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) increased significantly as compared with that of the control group,but the level of IRS-1 had no significantly change as compared with the other three groups.As compared with that of the drowning group(0.71±0.12),IRS-1 serine phosphorylation levels of the two resuscitation groups decreased significantly(0.56±0.13 and 0.46±0.08 respectively).The intracellular GLUT4 expression in the two resuscitation groups(1.82±0.11 and 1.96±0.28 respectively)increased significantly in contrast to that of the drowning group(1.45±0.15),and the air-insulin resuscitation groups showed an especially high increase of intracellular GLUT4 expression.Conclusion During the drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia,the alteration of serine phosphorylation and GLUT4 distribution is one of the important mechanism of insulin resistance.Insulin may decrease the blood glucose through decreasing serine phosphorylation levels of IRS-1 and increasing the intracellular GLUT4 expressions.     

胰岛素对溺水后幼年大鼠应激性高血糖的疗效观察

Objective To explore the alteration of insulin signal transduction in drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia and to investigate therapeutic effect of insulin on it.Methods Stress hyperglycemia model was induced by drowning.Thirty-two infant rats were randomized into control,drowning,air resuscitation and air-insulin resuscitation groups.Insulin was injected abdominally into the air-insulin resuscitation rats.Fasting serum glucose and insulin were determined routinely,and protein expressions and serine phosphorylation levels of insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS-1) in muscle tissue were detected by Western blot and immunoprecipitation.The expressions of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4) in the intracellular and plasma membranes of muscle tissue were detected by Western blot.Results In the drowning group,insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) increased significantly as compared with that of the control group,but the level of IRS-1 had no significantly change as compared with the other three groups.As compared with that of the drowning group(0.71±0.12),IRS-1 serine phosphorylation levels of the two resuscitation groups decreased significantly(0.56±0.13 and 0.46±0.08 respectively).The intracellular GLUT4 expression in the two resuscitation groups(1.82±0.11 and 1.96±0.28 respectively)increased significantly in contrast to that of the drowning group(1.45±0.15),and the air-insulin resuscitation groups showed an especially high increase of intracellular GLUT4 expression.Conclusion During the drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia,the alteration of serine phosphorylation and GLUT4 distribution is one of the important mechanism of insulin resistance.Insulin may decrease the blood glucose through decreasing serine phosphorylation levels of IRS-1 and increasing the intracellular GLUT4 expressions.     

电针可下调缺氧缺血性脑损伤幼鼠大脑皮层硫化氢含量

Objective To establish hypoxic-ischemic brain damaged (HIBD) rat model,investigate whether H2S and cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), the key enzyme for its generation, may be a mediator of electro-acupuncture(EA) stimulation treatment for HIBD. Methods Thirty-two healthy Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats were divided into four groups randomly: sham control group ( n = 8 ); sham + EA group ( n =8); HIBD control group ( n = 8); and HIBD + EA group ( n = 8 ). HIBD rat models were established on their 7-day-old. From the next day ,rats of sham + EA group and HIBD + EA group were electric stimulated 30 min daily for 14 d,BAIHUI and DAZHUI as the acupoints. Control ones were just fixed at the same time,without acupuncture. The rats were sacrificed on the 22 nd day, one day after the treatment course. Cortical H2S concentration was measured by sensitive sulphur electrode assay. The CBS protein expression was measured by western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry for localization. Results The concentration of cortical H2S in HIBD control group was (26. 83 ± 4. 31 ) nmol/mg protein, which was significantly higher than that of sham control group[(22. 78 ± 1.54) nmol/mg protein]( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The H2 S levels in HIBD + EA group and sham + EA group were ( 18.08 ± 2.71 ) nmol/mg protein and ( 18.91 ± 2. 78 ) nmol/mg protein, respectively. Compared with corresponding control group, they were much lower( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The expression of CBS protein in rats with EA stimulation decreased in cortex compared to corresponding control group( P ＜0. 05 ).Conclusion EA can down-resulate H2S/CBS pathway. This may be one of the mechanisms of how EA contributes to the recovery of brain damage.     

幼年大鼠溺水应激后胰岛素信号传导变化及外源胰岛素治疗反应

Objective To explore the alteration of insulin signal transduction in drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia and to investigate therapeutic effect of insulin on it.Methods Stress hyperglycemia model was induced by drowning.Thirty-two infant rats were randomized into control,drowning,air resuscitation and air-insulin resuscitation groups.Insulin was injected abdominally into the air-insulin resuscitation rats.Fasting serum glucose and insulin were determined routinely,and protein expressions and serine phosphorylation levels of insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS-1) in muscle tissue were detected by Western blot and immunoprecipitation.The expressions of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4) in the intracellular and plasma membranes of muscle tissue were detected by Western blot.Results In the drowning group,insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) increased significantly as compared with that of the control group,but the level of IRS-1 had no significantly change as compared with the other three groups.As compared with that of the drowning group(0.71±0.12),IRS-1 serine phosphorylation levels of the two resuscitation groups decreased significantly(0.56±0.13 and 0.46±0.08 respectively).The intracellular GLUT4 expression in the two resuscitation groups(1.82±0.11 and 1.96±0.28 respectively)increased significantly in contrast to that of the drowning group(1.45±0.15),and the air-insulin resuscitation groups showed an especially high increase of intracellular GLUT4 expression.Conclusion During the drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia,the alteration of serine phosphorylation and GLUT4 distribution is one of the important mechanism of insulin resistance.Insulin may decrease the blood glucose through decreasing serine phosphorylation levels of IRS-1 and increasing the intracellular GLUT4 expressions.     

幼年大鼠溺水应激后胰岛素信号传导变化及外源胰岛素治疗反应

Objective To explore the alteration of insulin signal transduction in drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia and to investigate therapeutic effect of insulin on it.Methods Stress hyperglycemia model was induced by drowning.Thirty-two infant rats were randomized into control,drowning,air resuscitation and air-insulin resuscitation groups.Insulin was injected abdominally into the air-insulin resuscitation rats.Fasting serum glucose and insulin were determined routinely,and protein expressions and serine phosphorylation levels of insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS-1) in muscle tissue were detected by Western blot and immunoprecipitation.The expressions of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4) in the intracellular and plasma membranes of muscle tissue were detected by Western blot.Results In the drowning group,insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) increased significantly as compared with that of the control group,but the level of IRS-1 had no significantly change as compared with the other three groups.As compared with that of the drowning group(0.71±0.12),IRS-1 serine phosphorylation levels of the two resuscitation groups decreased significantly(0.56±0.13 and 0.46±0.08 respectively).The intracellular GLUT4 expression in the two resuscitation groups(1.82±0.11 and 1.96±0.28 respectively)increased significantly in contrast to that of the drowning group(1.45±0.15),and the air-insulin resuscitation groups showed an especially high increase of intracellular GLUT4 expression.Conclusion During the drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia,the alteration of serine phosphorylation and GLUT4 distribution is one of the important mechanism of insulin resistance.Insulin may decrease the blood glucose through decreasing serine phosphorylation levels of IRS-1 and increasing the intracellular GLUT4 expressions.     

幼年大鼠溺水应激后胰岛素信号传导变化及外源胰岛素治疗反应

Objective To explore the alteration of insulin signal transduction in drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia and to investigate therapeutic effect of insulin on it.Methods Stress hyperglycemia model was induced by drowning.Thirty-two infant rats were randomized into control,drowning,air resuscitation and air-insulin resuscitation groups.Insulin was injected abdominally into the air-insulin resuscitation rats.Fasting serum glucose and insulin were determined routinely,and protein expressions and serine phosphorylation levels of insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS-1) in muscle tissue were detected by Western blot and immunoprecipitation.The expressions of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4) in the intracellular and plasma membranes of muscle tissue were detected by Western blot.Results In the drowning group,insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) increased significantly as compared with that of the control group,but the level of IRS-1 had no significantly change as compared with the other three groups.As compared with that of the drowning group(0.71±0.12),IRS-1 serine phosphorylation levels of the two resuscitation groups decreased significantly(0.56±0.13 and 0.46±0.08 respectively).The intracellular GLUT4 expression in the two resuscitation groups(1.82±0.11 and 1.96±0.28 respectively)increased significantly in contrast to that of the drowning group(1.45±0.15),and the air-insulin resuscitation groups showed an especially high increase of intracellular GLUT4 expression.Conclusion During the drowning-induced stress hyperglycemia,the alteration of serine phosphorylation and GLUT4 distribution is one of the important mechanism of insulin resistance.Insulin may decrease the blood glucose through decreasing serine phosphorylation levels of IRS-1 and increasing the intracellular GLUT4 expressions.     

新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤NF-κBp65和TLR4表达变化探讨

目的 探讨核转录因子κBp65(nuclear factor-kappaBp65,NF-κBp65)和Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor4,TLR4)在新生大鼠脑组织中的表达及其变化规律及相关性,研究两者在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑损伤发病机制中的作用.方法 出生7d新生大鼠随机数字表法分对照组和缺氧缺血组,制备新生儿缺氧缺血性脑损伤模型,并于缺氧缺血术后6h、12h、24h、72 h及7d取其脑组织制备光镜石蜡标本,观察脑组织的病理变化.采用免疫组织化学方法分析NF-κBp65和TLR4的表达.结果 新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤过程中,NF-κBp65和TLR4在神经元、小胶质细胞均有表达,以大脑皮质和海马部位表达变化明显;于缺氧缺血后6h NF-κBp65(0.2193 ±0.0247,0.2157 ±0.0304)和TLR4(0.3271 ±0.033 3,0.3039 ±0.0379)表达增加,24h NF-κBp65 (0.3564 ±0.023 5,0.3365 ±0.023 2)和TLR4(0.434 2 ±0.042 8,0.4193 ±0.0413)表达达到峰值,72 h NF-κBp65(0.289 2±0.032 0,0.2609±0.021 2)和TLR4(0.300 5±0.020 9,0.282 0±0.022 6)和7 d NF-κBp65 (0.2479±0.034 0,0.242 1 ±0.0254)和TLR4(0.2744 ±0.028 8,0.257 1 ±0.0275)表达下降.结论 NF-κBp65与TLR4表达呈正相关,提示可能在新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤中有相同机制.     

选择性头部亚低温对缺氧缺血性脑病新生儿微循环的影响

目的 研究选择性头部亚低温对HIE新生儿微循环的影响.方法 HIE患儿52例分为常规治疗组(常温组26例,其中轻度13例、中度9例、重度4例)和常规治疗加选择性头部亚低温治疗组(亚低温组26例,其中轻度12例、中度9例、重度5例),常温组维持体温在36.0~37.5 ℃,亚低温组维持鼻咽温度在(34.0±0.5) ℃,分别在治疗前,治疗24 h、48 h、72 h和120 h,采用耳廓微循环检测技术对其进行微循环动态监测(红细胞聚集率、白色微小血栓出现率、细静脉流速和微血管畸形率).30例健康新生儿作为健康对照组.结果 HIE患儿红细胞聚集率、白色微小血栓出现率、细静脉流速、微血管畸形率均有显著改变,尤其是在24 h内最为明显,与健康对照组比较各项指标均有统计学差异(Pa<0.05).而且随着疾病严重程度的增加,这种微循环变化也会越显著.与常温组比较,亚低温组患儿的红细胞聚集率、白色微小血栓出现率在恢复期下降得更快,细静脉流速恢复更快,且差异均有统计学意义(Pa<0.05);而微血管畸形率无统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 HIE新生儿微循环发生障碍,且这种变化与HIE严重程度成正比;选择性头部亚低温治疗新生儿HIE有利于改善微循环.     

去铁胺对新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤海马DG区BrdU和nestin表达的影响

目的探讨去铁胺(DFO)对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)后海马DG区5-溴-2-脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(BrdU)和巢蛋白(nestin)表达的影响。方法选用7日龄新生Wistar大鼠制作新生大鼠HIBD模型,随机分为HIBD对照组和DFO干预组,并设置假手术组。DFO干预组于脑缺氧缺血后0、24、48 h腹腔注射DFO,每次0.2 mg/g。术后4 d检测脑组织病理改变,采用间接免疫荧光组织化学技术检测海马DG区nestin、BrdU表达;于大鼠32日龄时用Morris水迷宫检测大鼠的空间学习、记忆能力。结果术后4 d,假手术组、HIBD对照组和DFO干预组大鼠的Brdu阳性细胞中位数和四分位数间距分别为(11.00,18.25)、(32.50,25.50)和(44.00,35.25),三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);nestin阳性细胞荧光强度分别为0.1279±0.0037、0.1330±0.0032、0.1365±0.0018,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Morris水迷宫试验:三组大鼠的逃避潜伏期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);假手术组、HIBD对照组、DFO治疗组大鼠的穿环指数分别为6.38±2.39、2.88±1.25和5.25±2.76,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两两比较,假手术组与HIBD对照组、DFO治疗组与HIBD对照组之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),DFO治疗组与假手术组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论DFO早期干预可增加新生鼠HIBD后海马DG区nestin、BrdU的表达,改善HIBD新生大鼠的空间学习记忆能力。     

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病恢复期振幅整合脑电图背景活动特点

目的 探讨新生儿HIE恢复期振幅整合脑电图(aEEG)背景活动特点.方法 选择2009年3月-2010年12月在本院NICU住院的46例胎龄37～41周的HIE恢复期新生儿为研究组,另选28例在新生儿病区住院的非颅脑疾病的足月新生儿作为对照组,对2组新生儿进行脑功能监测,获取aEEG,对aEEG背景活动的连续性、睡眠-觉醒周期(SWC)、最高电压以及最低电压等4个指标进行比较.结果 HIE患儿恢复期脑电背景中,有30例为不连续性脑电图,而对照组新生儿均为连续性脑电图,2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=30.71,P＜0.05);HIE患儿恢复期脑电背景中,仅9例具备成熟的SWC,而对照组新生儿均具备成熟的SWC,2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=45.04,P＜0.05);HIE 组最高电压为(56.53±19.34) μV,对照组最高电压为(37.78±2.77) μV,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=5.09,P＜0.05),且HIE组最高电压变异较大;HIE 组最低电压为(4.27±1.24) μV,对照组最低电压为(7.74±0.68) μV,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=-13.62,P＜0.05).结论 HIE恢复期患儿脑电活动表现为不连续性脑电图,不具备SWC,最高电压较正常升高,而最低电压低下.通过对HIE患儿进行aEEG检查,分析aEEG的连续性、SWC、最高电压及最低电压,可为患儿预后判断提供临床依据.     

PI3K/Akt 信号通路对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤后学习记忆能力的影响

目的：研究PI3K/Akt 信号通路抑制剂 wortmannin 对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤（HIBD）后远期学习记忆及认知功能的影响。方法：于制备新生大鼠左脑 HIBD 模型前 30 min,应用脑立体定位仪定位大鼠左侧海马区,注射wortmannin 2 μL,同时建立 HIBD+DMSO 组、HIBD模型组、假手术组及空白对照组。于大鼠 28 日龄时用 Morris水迷宫试验检测各组大鼠的学习记忆能力。结果：随游泳次数增加各组大鼠逃避潜伏期（EL）时间均有不同程度缩短;从第 2 天开始,HIBD+wortmannin 组EL明显长于假手术组和空白对照组 (t=2.637,P=0.023;t=3.585,P=0.003),且随着时间的延长差距逐渐扩大。到第 4 天和第8天时,HIBD+wortmannin 组EL值明显长于其他4组(P<0.05; P<0.01)。而在空间探索试验撤去平台后 120 s 内,HIBD+DMSO组和 HIBD 组的穿越平台次数低于假手术组和空白对照组（P<0.05）,HIBD+wortmannin组的穿越平台次数低于 DMSO+HIBD 组和 HIBD组（P<0.05）, 同时亦明显低于假手术组和空白对照组（P<0.01）。结论：抑制PI3K/Akt信号通路可加重大鼠认知功能障碍,从而影响远期的学习记忆及认知功能。     

TrkA、p75NTR mRNA在肛门直肠畸形胎鼠直肠末端的表达

目的通过检测肛门直肠畸形(ARM)胎鼠直肠末端神经生长因子受体TrkA、p75NTR mRNA的表达水平,探讨ARM直肠末端肠神经系统发育情况。方法成年SD孕鼠16只。其中实验组10只,对照组6只。实验组孕鼠在孕11 d、13 d 2次给予10 g.L-1乙烯硫脲(125 mg.kg-1)灌胃,制作先天性ARM动物模型;对照组灌胃注入等量9 g.L-1盐水。2组孕鼠在孕20 d时行剖宫手术取出胎鼠,取其直肠末端并保存于-80℃冰箱;采用反转录/实时定量PCR(RT-PCR)方法检测正常胎鼠和ARM胎鼠直肠末端TrkA、p75NTR mRNA表达情况。结果 TrkA、p75NTR mRNA在正常胎鼠直肠末端的相对表达量分别是162.221±104.675,129.778±51.976,在ARM胎鼠直肠末端中表达分别是78.937±33.425,87.145±25.812,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(Pa<0.05);琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示TrkA、p75NTR基因扩增后产物cDNA片段与引物设计的扩增片段完全吻合,TrkA、p75NTR基因条带亮度对照组均高于实验组。结论 TrkA、p75NTR mRNA在ARM胎鼠直肠末端的表达异常,提示神经生长因子及受体TrkA、p75NTR可能参与ARM肠神经系统的发育。     

电刺激对缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠脑组织血管内皮细胞生长因子及其受体表达的影响

目的探讨电刺激对缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)新生大鼠脑组织血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)及其受体表达的影响。方法新生7日龄健康SD大鼠75只。随机分成假手术组(对照组)、缺氧缺血组(模型组)及电刺激组,每组25只。采用结扎其左侧颈总动脉并吸入氮氧混合气体2 h,制作新生大鼠HIBD动物模型。电刺激组大鼠于术后12 h开始予小脑顶核电刺激,30 min.次-1,1次.d-1,时长分别为1 d、3 d、7 d、14 d、21 d。模型组、对照组不予电刺激,相应时段仅予捕捉固定。电刺激结束后,分别与相应时段各取5只大鼠处死后,应用免疫组织化学技术观察其脑组织海马区VEGF及其受体fam样酪氨酸激酶受体(flt-1/VEGFR1)、胎肝激酶受体(flk-1/KDR/VEGFR2)的表达变化情况。应用SPSS15.0软件进行统计学处理。结果电刺激组各时间点VEGF及VEGFR1、VEGFR2表达均显著高于模型组和对照组(Pa<0.05);模型组各时间点VEGF及VEGFR1、VEGFR2表达均显著高于对照组(Pa<0.05);电刺激组和模型组VEGF表达于第3天达高峰,持续14 d开始下降,至21 d仍有表达,VEG...     

双环醇对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾间质PAI-1 表达的影响

目的：探讨双环醇延缓肾间质纤维化的可能机制。方法：将 81 只Sprague-Dawley (SD)大鼠随机分为假手术组,模型组和治疗组 3 组。采用单侧输尿管梗阻（UUO）致肾间质纤维化大鼠模型,治疗组在制模后给予双环醇灌胃治疗。7、14、21 d取梗阻侧肾组织行苏木精-伊红及 Masson 染色,观察肾脏病理学变化。免疫组化法检测肾组织纤溶酶原激活物抑制-1（PAI-1） 的表达。RT-PCR 法检测肾组织 PAI-1 mRNA 的表达水平。结果：治疗组7 d、14 d、21 d肾间质纤维化的相对面积分别为 （9.6±0.6）%、（16.8±0.8）%、（33.6±1.6）%,较模型组［分别为（13.0±0.7）%、（25.8±1.5）%、（53.2±2.5）%］明显降低（均P<0.05);同时治疗组肾组织 PAI-1 蛋白表达及PAI-1 mRNA的表达均较模型组减少（均P<0.05)。结论：双环醇能够减轻 UUO 所致的肾间质损伤及纤维化程度,其作用机制可能是通过下调 PAI-1 的表达从而延缓肾间质纤维化的进程,发挥对肾脏的保护作用。     

新生大鼠脑白质损害时神经细胞凋亡及bcl-2蛋白的表达变化

目的：研究表明脑白质损害与少突胶质前体细胞凋亡密切相关,bcl-2蛋白作为抗凋亡蛋白与新生大鼠脑白质损害(WMD)的关系较少报道。该文探讨bcl-2蛋白在新生大鼠脑白质损害(WMD)时的表达变化及意义。方法：将2日龄SD大鼠(n=90),随机分为两组,实验组(缺氧缺血)45只,对照组(假手术)45只,制成WMD模型;采用TUNEL法测定神经细胞凋亡及免疫组化（SP）法检测bcl-2蛋白在脑室周围白质区不同时间点的表达变化。结果：成功建立了WMD模型。实验组神经细胞凋亡在缺氧缺血后3 d达到高峰,凋亡指数脑白质为37.40±4.26,胼胝体为29.84±1.11,与对照组比较,在4 h,12 h,24 h,3 d,7 d 有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组bcl-2蛋白表达在WMD后1 h就上升,12 h达高峰,平均灰度值脑白质为124.96±0.27,胼胝体为130.09±0.77),在1 h,4 h,12 h,24 h,3 d的表达与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论： 新生大鼠脑白质损害时,bcl-2蛋白早期表达增高,而神经细胞凋亡高峰滞后,二者具有明显时序性,这种时序变化提示bcl-2蛋白可能对神经细胞具有一定保护作用。［中国当代儿科杂志,2007,9（2）：164-168］     

选择性头部亚低温治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病临床研究

目的 研究选择性头部亚低温(SHC)治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)的安全性及临床疗效.方法 收集新生儿重度HIE共54例,至入院96h有效病例41例,随机分为SHC组(n=21)和对照组(n=20).SHC组患儿生后6 h内开始给予SHC治疗,鼻咽部温度维持在(34.0±0.2)℃,直肠温度维持>34.5℃,持续72 h,然后自然复温;对照组患儿直肠温度维持36.0～37.5℃.两组均进行心电图、血压、经皮氧饱和度、鼻咽部温度和直肠温度监测.观察主要不良反应包括:严重心律失常、静脉血栓或出血、难以纠正的低血压.疗效观察指标包括:18个月时严重伤残发生率和病死率,智能测验运动发育指数及认知发育指数.结果 两组均未出现严重心律失常、低血压和肾功能衰竭.至生后18个月随访,共失访6例(14.6%),其中SHC组和对照组的失访率分别为14.3%(3/21)和15.0%(3/20),差异无显著性(P>0.05),实际有效病例SHC组为18例,对照组为17例.SHC组和对照组的死亡和严重伤残联合发生率分别为22.2%(4/18)、52.9%(9/17),差异有显著性(P<0.05).结论 SHC持续72 h治疗新生儿HIE是可行和安全的,可降低神经系统后遗症发生率及严重伤残率.