大肠癌及癌旁粘膜细胞形态计量学研究

大肠癌及癌旁粘膜细胞形态计量学研究唐凤仙，曹京旭，开成，王宝刚，王红岩一、材料与方法收集解放军第二一０医院的大肠管状腺癌根治标本（Ｃ），癌旁不典型增生粘膜（Ｄ）、ＨＩＤ／ＡＢ染色证实的癌旁移行粘膜（Ｔ）和大肠正常粘膜（Ｎ）４组各１０例，石蜡切片４ｕｍ...     

肝癌组织中MAGE-A1表达及其临床意义

目的检测黑色素瘤抗原-A1(MAGE—A1)在肝癌组织中表达,探讨MAGE—A1基因与肝细胞肝癌(HCC)患者临床病理指标的关系。方法应用RT—PCR法检测31例HCC组织及相应癌旁组织中MAGE—A1基因的表达。应用组织芯片和免疫组化技术分析178例HCC组织及相应癌旁组织中MAGE—A1抗原表达。结果31例HCC组织标本中有21例(67．74％)表达MAGE—A1基因,而相应的癌旁组织MAGE—A1基因均不表达。178例HCC组织中95例表达MAGE—A1抗原(53．37％),相应的癌旁组织MAGE—A1抗原均不表达。结论MAGE—A1基因在HCC组织中有较高表达,其阳性率与HCC患者的临床病理指标无相关关系。     

大肠腺瘤粘液变化与癌变的关系

自从Filipe提出大肠癌旁移行粘膜的粘液性质异于正常以后,人们对移行粘膜及炎性大肠疾病异型增生上皮的粘液改变,从临床和病理方面作了大量研究。大肠腺瘤属癌前病变,为观察腺瘤与大肠癌的关系,我们选择85例(共91个)伴明确异型增生或早期癌变的大肠腺瘤,着重探讨腺瘤粘液含量、粘液性质改变与异型增生及癌变的关系。材料和方法     

淋巴细胞化学发光的机制

淋巴细胞接受抗原、有丝分裂原刺激活化并生成大量的活性氧(OR)。OR 在鲁米诺介导下形成淋巴细胞化学发光(Ly—CL)。淋巴细胞浆内游离Ca~(2+)浓度、淋巴细胞膜受体、膜骨架的功能状况及PKC,CaM,NADPH 氧化酶的活性分别影响着OR 的生成,也影响了Ly—CL 的生成。本文就以上几个方面阐述了Ly—CL 生成的可能机制。     

单克隆抗体MG7在大肠癌及腺瘤的免疫组化定位

应用抗人胃低分化腺癌细胞系MKN 46-9的单克隆抗体MG7对112例手术切除的大肠癌标本进行名疫组化观察、阳性106例(94.64％),强阳性占阳性病例的96.23％;96例癌旁粘膜中弱阳性26例(27.08％);14例断端正常粘膜仅1例呈弱阳性。46例大肠腺瘤中管状腺瘤43例,14例阳性(32.56％),3例绒毛状腺瘤均阳性。结果表明,MG7的抗原在大肠癌组织中含量较丰富,并具有相对特异性,同时在癌旁粘膜及大肠腺瘤组织中也有不同程度的表达。     

肿瘤糖脂抗原在癌、癌旁、正常和胚胎大肠的表达

单克隆抗体CC-1所作用的抗原决定簇为延伸的Le~y,同时亦能与Le~y起弱反应,应用免疫组化(PAP)研究发现,正常人大肠上皮与CC-1的反应仅为4％(1/26),与癌旁粘膜的反应为8％(2/25),而与大肠癌的阳性     

上皮性标记物在人肺小细胞癌免疫组化研究中的应用

为证实肺小细胞癌的上皮特性,以上皮性标记物角蛋白(KT,细胞角蛋白(CKT),上皮性膜抗原(EMA),分泌成份(SC),糖脂类抗原(SLX)、糖脂类抗原(SLEA)、癌胚抗原(CEA)等用于本实验中。人肺两型小细胞癌(燕麦细胞癌和中间细胞型小细胞癌)均不同程度地表达了这些抗原,显示其上皮性分化的特性。根据抗原的阳性率和在细胞内存在形式不同,提示中间细胞型小细胞癌在生物学和组织学上更类似于腺癌和鳞癌的特征。上皮性膜抗原是小细胞癌较理想的标记物,而联合应用这些标记物能够增强诊断的准确性及评价标本的质量。     

应用RNA-seq技术检测肺癌与癌旁组织差异表达基因分析

目的应用RNA-Seq技术分析肺癌与癌旁组织的差异基因表达,寻找与肺癌发病相关的基因,探讨肺癌的发病机制。方法对5例ⅡA期肺癌及癌旁组织进行转录组测序,获得差异表达基因集,采用qRT-PCR法检测10例肺癌(对照组)及癌旁组织中的6个关键基因(TFPI2、DKK1、CX3CL1、PSCA、DUOXA2、VSIG1)进行验证。结果ⅡA期肺癌与癌旁组织共有123个差异表达基因,其中上调基因35个(28.5%),下调基因88个(71.5%)。qRT-PCR结果表明,与细胞增殖、凋亡和黏附相关基因TFPI2、DKK1、CX3CL1表达上调,PSCA、DUOXA2、VSIG1表达下调,该检测与RNASeq检测结果一致。结论ⅡA期肺癌与癌旁组织中共有123个差异表达基因,细胞增殖、凋亡、黏附和代谢相关基因参与肺癌的发生、发展,为肺癌的发病机制提供参考。     

大肠癌及癌前病变的粘液组化研究

应用粘液组化方法AB—PAS、HID—AB、OR—AB、PAT—KOH—PAS、PATB—KOH—PAS显示大肠上皮分泌粘液的类型。结果发现:大肠慢性炎、大肠克隆病及炎性息肉、增生性息肉、幼年性息肉分泌粘液类型与正常粘膜相似(P>0.05),而伴有异型增生的溃疡性结肠炎、管状腺瘤、绒毛状腺瘤、家族性息肉、腺瘤癌变、大肠癌及癌旁粘膜粘液分泌性质与量均有变化。在这些病变中氮乙酰化及含有邻位羟基的氧乙酰化粘液阳性率明显高于正常粘膜(P<0.05)。其检出阳性率与异型增生的程度有关。笔者认为应用粘液组化方法分析大肠癌前病变粘液性质对于判断粘膜上皮恶性倾向提供了有价值的手段。     

口服幽门螺杆菌苗免疫小鼠后胃粘膜的免疫应答

目的 观测Hp全菌抗原和粘膜佐剂LT口服免疫Balb/c小鼠后的胃肠粘膜免疫反应。方法 采用ELISPOT法检测了胃粘膜、肠粘膜相关淋巴组织PP结抗原特异性形成细胞（AFC）。结果 抗原免疫组、抗原 佐剂组胃肠粘膜抗原特异性sIgA-AFC、IgG-AFC数量明显增加,尤以sIgA-AFC为甚。并且抗原 佐剂组明显高于单纯抗原组和对照组。结论 口服菌苗可有效诱导胃肠道粘膜免疫应答。局部sIgA可能在抗Hp感染中具有重要作用。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995