临床护士从事老年患者生活护理的认知情况调查

目的了解临床护士从事老年患者生活护理的意愿及认知情况,为更好地实施优质护理服务提供参考。方法采用问卷调查的方法对某三级甲等医院193名临床护士进行调查,了解其从事老年患者生活护理的意愿情况及认知现状。结果临床护士对从事老年患者生活护理的意愿及认知不全面,67.88%临床护士认为老年患者生活护理不能体现护理专业价值;不同群体护士对从事老年患者生活护理的意愿和认知情况差异有统计学意义(P0.01或P0.05)。结论临床护士从事老年患者生活护理意愿不积极,管理者应采取有针对性的管理措施,促进老年优质护理服务的有效实施。     

临床护理实习生心肺复苏知识、技能与实施意愿调查

目的：了解临床护理实习生心肺复苏( cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR)理论知识和技能掌握情况以及院外实施心肺复苏意愿,为开展心肺复苏培训提供参考依据。方法采用“临床护理实习生心肺复苏调查问卷”与“单人徒手心肺复苏行为操作考核评分表”对某三甲医院176名护理实习生进行心肺复苏知识、技能掌握与现场实施心肺复苏意愿调查。结果临床护理实习生总体对CPR基础知识掌握较好,CPR技能掌握有待提高,不同学历护理实习生对CPR理论知识和技能掌握差异有统计学意义( P<0.05),护理实习生对陌生人和亲近人实施CPR意愿差异有统计学意义( P<0.05),对同一对象实施人工呼吸与胸外心脏按压意愿差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。结论护理实习生CPR技能有待提高,学校和医院需进一步加强对护理实习生CPR培训与复训,找出现场施救的障碍因素,提高护理实习生院外实施CPR的意愿。     

护理本科生专业态度及其影响因素的研究

目的探索护理本科生护理专业态度状况及其影响因素.方法采用量性问卷调查研究与非结构访谈相结合方法;运用Arthur的"护理专业自我概念"问卷,调查护理本科学生315名,教师91名.非结构式访谈护理本科学生21名.结果护理本科生专业态度总体分值趋向积极;在学校学习中,护理专业态度呈现积极上升趋势,而在临床学习环境中,学生的专业态度趋向消极(P＜0.05).学生自身特点是形成专业态度核心,不同宗教信仰、学生来源、志愿选择、家庭成员从事护理工作背景等变量分析,对专业态度的影响均无显著差异.结论学校教育是逐步树立积极专业态度过程,以护理为主线课程设置、充分发挥学生主观能动性的良好教学方法、教师积极引导能够促进积极专业态度.在临床学习中,护理认知改变、专业挫折感形成、压力和应激等是使学生产生消极专业态度的原因.     

SARS事件前后护理本科生专业态度的比较与分析

目的通过对SARS事件前后护理本科生专业态度的比较,探讨提高护理专业学生专业认同感的有效途径。方法采用问卷调查法对109例护理本科在校生的SARS事件前后的专业态度等进行调查。结果SARS事件前后学生专业态度有显著性差异(P<0.01),表现为积极的态度增强,消极的态度减弱;SARS事件前后父母的态度也有一定程度的改变(P<0.05);父母对护理的态度与学生的专业态度存在一定的相关关系。结论促进人们对护理的认识是提升护理专业的社会地位,促进护理专业学生专业认同感的重要途径;护理专业自身的完善与发展,是提升护理社会地位,促进护理专业学生专业认同感的根本。     

护理实习生对艾滋病的认知、态度和护理意愿的调查与分析

[目的]了解护理实习生对艾滋病相关知识、态度和护理意愿的情况,为实习生岗前培训提供依据.[方法]对258名临床护理实习生采用自行设计调查问卷表,用集中无记名自填问卷法,进行艾滋病相关知识、态度和护理意愿3个方面40个问题的调查.[结果]护理实习生对有关艾滋病的知识有一定掌握.本科实习生对艾滋病的认知程度明显高于大中专实习生(P＜0.05),对于艾滋病的一般知识掌握较好,但对于艾滋病的消毒隔离、职业防护、临床诊断和表现等专业知识缺乏;有75.9%的实习生认为艾滋病是种可怕的传染病,在同情和护理艾滋病病人意愿方面呈中间稍偏负性态度,37.2%实习生对艾滋病表示恐惧和憎恨.[结论]对护理实习生的岗前培训要加强对艾滋病的相关知识和防护知识的学习,使其尽快掌握,对实习生今后走向临床,防治艾滋病有重要意义.     

护理本科生临床实习期间自我和谐状况与应对方式的调查

目的了解护理本科生的自我和谐与应对方式状况,明确两者之间的关系及自我和谐的影响因素,为护理教师有针对性地指导学生提供依据。方法采用问卷调查法,对117名护理本科实习生进行调查。结果学生的自我和谐度以中等居多,应对方式中积极应对和消极应对得分均低于常模(P<0.05);个人资料中影响自我和谐总分的因素是家庭教养方式、年龄、对带教方式的态度;积极应对方式与自我和谐及分量表中的自我灵活性呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与自我经验的不和谐及自我刻板性呈负相关(P<0.01);而消极应对则相反。结论学生的积极应对可以促进学生自身和谐,了解两者之间的关系及其影响因素,对于护理教育者采取相应对策促进学生的健康成长、提高我国护理本科生的教育质量具有重要意义。     

护理专业本科生从事护理工作积极意愿及影响因素研究

目的调查护理本科生从事护理专业积极意愿的现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用一般资料问卷和从事护理专业积极意愿调查问卷,对145名护理本科生进行问卷调查。结果护理本科生从事护理专业的积极意愿条目均分为(3.62±0.51)分,其中66.2%(96/145)积极意愿较高,20.0%(29/145)积极意愿一般,13.8%(20/145)积极意愿较低。多元线性回归分析显示,入学时选择护理专业的原因、在社团任职、年级是影响护理本科生从事护理专业积极意愿的主要因素(R2=0.165,F=9.255,P0.001)。结论一半以上的护理本科生有从事护理专业的积极意愿,与选择专业的原因、在校任职情况、年级等因素有关。     

实习护生挫折教育情境现状及影响因素的调查

目的 了解本专科护理实习生在实习期间的挫折情境表现,探讨有利于提高护理实习生挫折教育情境的教学方法.方法 采用自行编制的护理实习生挫折教育情境问卷,对广东省某三级甲等医院的108名护理实习生进行调查.结果 护理实习生挫折教育情境总分为(2.86±0.86)分;不同性别、不同学历、是否独生子女、有无班干部经历的护理实习生挫折教育情境得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实习适应中的轮班制度项目和择业选择中的职业态度项目无统计学意义(P>0.05),其他项目均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);多元线性回归分析显示影响护理实习生挫折教育情境得分的因素有性别、学历、是否独生子女.结论 护理实习生挫折教育有待改善,其中,本科护理实习生挫折教育在一定程度上优于专科生,主要表现在工作能力、人际关系、情绪管理维度,在轮班制度和择业态度项目的认识仍有待提高;性别、学历、是否独生子女对护理实习生挫折教育均有不同程度的影响;应结合护理实习生个体特色,在临床教学中根据实际情况进行挫折教育.     

护理专业实习学生从事老年护理意愿及影响因素研究

目的调查北京市护理专业实习学生从事老年护理意愿的现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用自行设计的一般资料问卷和老年护理意愿调查问卷,对北京市4所高校的438名护理专业实习学生进行调查。结果学生从事老年护理意愿得分为(3.19±0.56)分,4个维度得分由高到低依次为知觉行为控制、主观规范、行为态度和行为意向。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,父母与家中老年人的关系、建立家庭后是否愿意与父母同住、是否参加过老年志愿活动是护理专业实习学生从事老年护理意愿的影响因素(P0.05)。结论目前北京市护理专业实习学生从事老年护理的意愿较低。建议各高校进一步规范和完善老年护理课程体系,加强老年护理服务意识,进而增强老年护理服务意愿。     

实习后期护理专业学生专业认知及实习意愿的调查研究

目的了解护理专业学生实习后期的专业认知和实习意愿,为临床教学管理提供依据。方法采用自行设计的问卷对102名临床实习后期护理专业学生的专业认识及实习意愿进行调查。结果学生对护理专业认知不足,只有15名(14.7%)学生认为护理专业发展前景好,32名(31.4%)学生热爱护理专业,9名(8.8%)学生认为后期实习不重要,21名(20.6%)学生实习只是为完成实习计划,10名(9.8%)学生毕业后不准备从事护理工作,33名(32.4%)学生对从事护理工作不持肯定态度。结论护理专业学生实习后期专业认知及实习意愿不容乐观,需加强实习后期教学管理,对学生进行职业情感及职业角色认知教育,采取切实有效方法减轻学生实习压力,开展就业指导使学生正确面对实习和就业。     

Acute care nurses’ attitudes toward nursing students with disabilities: A focused ethnography

Discrimination towards individuals with disabilities is problematic within nursing. There have been calls to increase diversity in nursing and this includes embracing nurses with disabilities. Increasing diversity in nursing requires increasing diversity among nursing students; in this way, nurse educators are gatekeepers to the profession. Clinical education is a crucial element of nursing education, yet there have been very few studies related to the clinical education of nursing students with disabilities. There have been no studies of attitudes of acute care nurse preceptors toward students with disabilities in the United States. This gap is important as the majority of clinical experiences occur in the acute care environment. Utilizing a focused ethnography, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 acute care nurses with at least two years’ experience precepting students. While positive feelings about nursing students with disabilities were shared, thoughts and behavioral intentions remained negative. Six themes emerged: safety, barriers, otherness, communicating to meet needs, disclosure, and student versus colleague. Attitudinal barriers are the primary barriers faced by individuals with disabilities in becoming and practicing as nurses. Nurses in practice and education must embrace more inclusive attitudes towards individuals with disabilities.     

Student nurses' attitudes towards working with older patients

BACKGROUND: The ageing of the United Kingdom (UK) population means that the care of older people will become an increasingly important part of nurses' remit. However, employment statistics suggest that this is an unpopular nursing specialism. This may be due to a number of factors, one of which may be nurses' negative attitudes towards working with older people. This constitutes a potential problem, especially if such attitudes have an impact on the quality of care provided. AIM: To examine the attitudes held by student nurses towards working with older patients. METHODS: Questionnaires incorporating Likert-type scales, two vignettes and demographic questions were designed using the theory of planned behaviour. These were distributed to 172 student nurses undertaking preregistration nursing courses in the UK during the academic session 2000-2001. RESULTS: Student nurses displayed positive intentions towards working with older patients. These were based on their own attitudes and beliefs about what others would wish them to do. Participants believed that their behaviour towards older patients was to a large extent under volitional control. Analysis of the beliefs underlying student nurses' views showed that they differentiated between those participants who had a relatively positive approach to their work with older patients and those with a less positive approach. In addition, the results offered mixed support for the view that more knowledgeable or experienced nurses hold more positive views towards older people. CONCLUSIONS: The findings offer some support for previous studies that have looked at the more general issue of attitudes towards older people. However, the results also indicate that a more rigorous and more highly focused approach to the study of such attitudes is required if the research is to be relevant to the issue of working with older patients. The theoretical, methodological and practical implications of the findings are discussed.     

Student nurses' attitudes towards death and dying in south-east Iran

In this study, the attitudes of student nurses from Kerman and Bam in Iran towards death and caring for dying patients were compared. Two types of questionnaire were used: the DAP-R (Death Attitude Profile Revised) and FATCOD (Frommelt Attitude Towards Caring for Dying patients). The Bam student nurses, who had more experience of death due to the Bam earthquake in December 2003, were found to be less afraid of death and also less likely to give care to people at the end of life compared to their counterparts in Kerman. In both groups, those who were educated about death and dying had more positive attitudes towards caring for people who are dying than non-educated participants. The study suggests that adding palliative care education, accompanied by a reflective narrative approach, to the nursing curriculum is necessary to improve quality of care at the end of life.     

What influences student nurses’ intention to work with older people? A cross-sectional study

BackgroundStudies have reported that student nurses hold positive attitudes towards older people; nevertheless, working with older people has consistently remained one of the least desired career choices among student nurses in most countries.ObjectivesThe current study aimed to assess student nurses’ intentions to work with older people and to determine the predictors of working intentions among nursing students.DesignThe study adopted a cross-sectional design.SettingsMultistage sampling was used to recruit nursing students from five states in Malaysia.ParticipantsA total of 1462 nursing students from eleven nursing education institutions participated in this study.MethodsA self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. This study is underpinned by the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The Intent to Work with Older People Scale and Kogan Attitudes Toward Old People Scale were used to assess nursing students’ intentions and attitudes towards care of older people respectively. Researcher-developed instruments were used to assess subjective norms and perceived behavioural control among nursing students.ResultsThe present study found that nursing students in Malaysia demonstrated a moderate level of intention to work with older people, with a mean of 39.72 (±4.38). There were significant differences in effects of gender, ethnic group, academic level, type of nursing institution and setting of older person care clinical experience on intentions to work with older people. There was a moderate and positive relationship between attitudes towards older people and intentions to work with older people, as well as between perceived behavioural control and intentions to work with older people; it was found that r = 0.36 for both relationships. Attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control accounted for 19.7% of the variance in intentions to work with older people.ConclusionThe primary findings of this national study revealed that Malaysian nursing students have a moderate level of intention to work with older people. It is imperative to develop educational interventions to nurture attitudes for caring and promote stronger intentions to work with older people.     

Nurses'' behavioural intentions towards self-poisoning patients: a theory of reasoned action, comparison of attitudes and subjective norms as predictive variables

BACKGROUND: The incidence of self-poisoning is on the increase. Most patients who self-poison are dealt with initially in the general hospital. Therefore, the type and quality of care self-poisoning patients receive will depend, in part, on how they are viewed by nursing staff within the general hospital setting. A knowledge and understanding of the attitudes held by nurses towards self-poisoning patients is therefore important to those involved in the planning and delivery of care towards this client group. Previous studies have examined health care professionals' attitudes towards people who self-poison. Usually, however, these have not focused specifically on nurses' attitudes, and they have ignored the relationship between the attitudes expressed by staff and their intentions to engage in subsequent caring behaviour of one sort or another. It is hence unclear how the findings of such studies are relevant or applicable to nursing policy and practice. AIMS: The present study aims to address these limitations using a methodology informed by the theory of reasoned action. The study aims to separate out the distinctive roles played by nurses' own attitudes, and the social pressures represented by other people's attitudes, in determining the types of caring behaviour in which nurses intend to engage when dealing with self-poisoning patients. DESIGN/METHODS: The study adopts a questionnaire-based approach incorporating two specially designed vignettes. RESULTS: The results show that nurses' own attitudes, and what they believe about the attitudes of others, predict their behavioural intentions towards self-poisoning patients. The study also shows that nurses with a more positive orientation towards self-poisoning patients differ in behavioural and normative beliefs from nurses who have a less positive orientation. CONCLUSIONS: The implications for future attempts to explore the relationship between nurses' attitudes and subsequent caring behaviour are considered, along with implications for nursing policy and practice.     

医护人员基础护理认知现状的调查分析

目的了解医生、护士基础护理认知现状。方法选取某医院301名医生和502名护士进行基础护理知识、态度的问卷调查。结果护士基础护理知识的掌握优于医生(P0.05),医生基础护理态度优于护士(P0.05);医护人员基础护理知识回答正确率均较低的内容为压疮护理、协助病人穿衣顺序、吸氧浓度、基础护理与生活护理的关系;医生在基础护理定位方面的态度优于护士(P0.05),医护人员在基础护理服务对象和服务提供者方面具有相似的态度(P0.05)。结论医护人员均需加强基础护理知识的学习、应用,理清基础护理与生活护理的关系,在基础护理定位方面仍需统一思想、提高认识。     

Effectiveness of an HIV/AIDS educational programme for Chinese nurses

AIM: This paper reports a study examining the effect of a multifaceted HIV/AIDS educational intervention on the knowledge, attitudes and willingness of Chinese nurses in caring for patients with human immunodeficiency virus. BACKGROUND: The expanding HIV/AIDS epidemic challenges nurses to increase their knowledge about this devastating illness to provide effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care to their patients. HIV/AIDS educational interventions, which were developed for North American and European nurses, have not been studied among nurses in other societies. METHODS: The study employed a pretest, post-test experimental design with 208 nurses from seven Chinese provinces. The intervention consisted of a 5-day workshop comprising didactic lectures interspersed with activities designed to elicit discussion of participants' values and personal feelings about HIV/AIDS. Bloom's Taxonomy and principles of good HIV/AIDS educational practice guided the educational intervention. Outcome variables were HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude toward patients with HIV/AIDS (including empathy for and desire to avoid these patients) and willingness to provide nursing care to these patients. The data were collected in 2003. FINDINGS: At baseline, HIV/AIDS knowledge was not high and attitudes and willingness to care were neutral. Knowledge, attitudes toward patients with HIV/AIDS and willingness to provide nursing care to these patients were each improved at the conclusion of the workshop (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: As the HIV/AIDS epidemic expands, nurses will be called upon to deliver competent, compassionate and comprehensive care to patients and their significant others. Intensive, interactive HIV/AIDS professional workshops can contribute to the national effort by increasing knowledge and improving attitudes towards and willingness to provide nursing care for patients with HIV/AIDS.