补铬(Ⅲ)对糖尿病大鼠体内铬、锌、铜含量的影响

分别用原子吸收石墨炉法和原子吸收火焰法对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠经灌胃给予富铬酵母后体内血（或血清）、肝、肾中铬、锌、铜的含量进行了三周的观察。结果表明：在整个观察期间，与正常大鼠相比，糖尿病大鼠肝铬含量升高、肾铬含量下降；肝、肾中的锌、铜、血清铜含量均呈不同程度的升高；对糖尿病大鼠灌以富铬酵母３０μｇＣｒ３＋／ｋｇｂｗ（以总铬计），虽未使糖尿病大鼠的血糖情况有所改善，但可使糖尿病大鼠升高了的肝铬及血铜下降而趋于正常，且其大鼠的生长情况也好于糖尿病对照组。因而，对糖尿病大鼠补充一定剂量的铬（Ⅲ）可能对其有一定的保护作用。     

氟硒联合作用对大鼠体内铜,锌,铁影响的研究

采用原子吸收光谱法对饮用含氟、硒及氟和硒的去离子水溶液达八周的大鼠血清、心、肝、脾、肾组织中的铜、锌、铁含量进行了测定，以观察氟及氟硒联合作用 鼠体内这些微量元素的影响。本研究结果表明，氟化物可引起大鼠血清铜、铁含量增高、心、肝、脾、肾组织中锌、铁含量增高，而使肾组织铜含量降低，氟硒联合作用可使大鼠血清铜明显降低，锌、铁含量明显增高，心、肝、脾、肾组织中铜、锌、铁含量增高。硒对氟致血清铜升高、肾铜     

2型糖尿病患者血清微量元素、血糖及体成分相关性分析

目的了解糖尿病患者与正常人群血清微量元素含量的差异,并探讨微量元素与糖尿病患者血糖、人体成分测量指标之间的关系。方法随机选取72名糖尿病患者作为病例组,64名健康体检者作为对照组。分别测量病例组和对照组的血清锌、硒、锰、镉、铁、铅、铜、镍、钴、锂、铬含量,铜锌比值,比较两组间差异,并与血糖及蛋白质含量、矿物质含量、脂肪含量、瘦体重、腰围、臀围等人体成分指标进行相关性分析。结果2型糖尿病患者血清锌、硒、铬含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),血清铜含量则显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其他元素差异没有显著性。血清锌与血糖呈微弱负相关,铜与血糖呈正相关(P<0.01)。铜与腰围呈微弱正相关(P<0.01),锰与蛋白质含量、矿物质含量、臀围均呈微弱负相关(P<0.05)。结论纠正2型糖尿病患者体内存在着的微量元素代谢紊乱,对于糖尿病的治疗及预防并发症有重要价值。     

2型糖尿病患者血清中8种必需微量元素水平研究

１１１例糖尿病患者血清中铁、锌、铜、锰、硒、铬、钴、镍８种人体必需微量元素的含量与对照组比较，显示：（１）血清铁、铜含量增高；（２）血清锌、锰、铬、钴含量降低；（３）硒和镍的含量差异无显著性；（４）可根据上述微量元素变化的特点用于糖尿病的辅助诊断和防治。     

糖尿病患者血清微量元素的含量分析

应用原子吸收分光光度法测定了51例糖尿病患者及43例正常人群血清中微量元素铬、硒、锌、铜、锰的含量。发现糖尿病患者血清铬、硒、锌、锰的含量明显低于对照组(P<0.01);铜含量明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结果表明体内微量元素铬、硒、锌、铜、锰的含量与糖尿病具有密切的关系。     

硒对大鼠组织中硒、镉、锌、铜、锰含量的影响

本文观察了Ｗｉｓｔａｒ雄性大鼠经口摄入不同浓度的亚硒酸钠液，３周后用原子吸收分光光度法测定肝、肾、脾和睾丸中硒、镉、锌、铜和锰的含量。结果表明：给硒后肝、肾组织中硒的含量随着硒剂量的增加而升高；肝、肾、脾中锌的含量升高，而至１０ｍｇ／Ｌ组锌的含量又下降；肾、脾和睾丸中铜、锰的含量升高，肾、脾中锰含量随硒剂量的增加而降低。     

216例糖尿病患者血清微量元素的含量及与胰岛素和血糖的关系

目的 :探讨非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病 (NIDDM )患者血清锌、铬、铜、铁的变化及与胰岛素和血糖的关系。方法 :对 2 16例NIDDM患者血清微量元素、胰岛素、血糖水平进行了观察 ,并与正常对照组做比较 ,各指标间做相关分析。结果 :糖尿病组血清Zn、Cr显著下降 ,Cu显著升高 ,Fe无明显改变。结论 :血清微量元素含量变化与糖尿病关系密切 ,动态检测Zn、Cr、Cu、Fe对防治糖尿病并发症的发生及判断预后有着特殊的诊断价值。     

间断低氧对大鼠主要脏器及血清中锌铜铬含量的影响

目的观察大鼠在间断低氧时，主要脏器及血清中锌、铜、铬含量的变化，为合理补充微量元素提供实验依据。方法取大鼠60只，随机等分为对照组、实验组I组（低氧10d）、实验Ⅱ组（低氧20d）；将实验组大鼠置于低压舱内，以20m／s的速度上升至海拔7000m高度，停留1．5h，每日1次；分别于第10、20天时断头处死，取其血液和主要脏器，用原子吸收法测其锌、铜、铬含量。结果实验I组肾锌含量（85．304±4．947）mg／kg，明显低于对照组[（89．942±7．132）mg／kg]（P〈0．05）；血清锌含量也明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）；脾铜含量（4．969±0．804）mg／kg，明显高于对照组[（4．325±0．434）mg／kg]（P〈0．01）；血清铜含量也明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。实验Ⅱ组脑锌含量（35．681±4．907）mg／kg，明显低于对照组[（40．544±5．011）mg／kg]（P〈0．01）；肾锌和血清锌含量也都明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）；而肺锌含量明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）；肾铜含量为（17．016±1．712）mg／kg，明显低于对照组[（19．866±2．251）mg／kg]（P〈0．01）；而脑铜和血清铜含量，以及肺铬和肾铬含量都明显高于对照组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。本研究结果还提示，实验Ⅱ组脑、心、肾、肺和血清中有些微量元素的改变大于实验工组。结论间断低氧可使大鼠肾锌、脑锌、血清锌、肾铜含量均明显降低，而肺锌、肺铬、脾铜、脑铜、血清铜含量则均明显升高。间断低氧时间愈长，影响的脏器愈多，变化愈明显。     

微量元素铜和锌在实验性肝癌中的变化及意义

探讨微量元素铜和锌在二乙基亚硝胺诱发大鼠实验性肝癌中的变化及意义。用原子吸收光谱法观察血清中微量元素铜和锌的含量 :用分析电镜对实验组与对照组肝组织中微量元素铜和锌进行了原位定性定量分析。结果 :与对照组相比 ,实验组中血清铜水平升高 ,血清锌水平降低及血清铜 /锌比值 ( 1 .53)显著高于对照组 ( 0 .78) ( P<0 .0 5) ,实验组肝癌组织中微量元素铜和锌含量明显低于对照组正常肝组织 ( P<0 .0 5)。结论 :微量元素铜和锌的变化与肝癌的发生发展密切相关 ,血清铜 /锌比值升高可作为肝癌的一个重要标志。     

实验性糖尿病大鼠肝脏组织学及微量元素含量的观察

<正> 已知,糖尿病控制不好的患者可伴有肝脏肿大,此症可在病情控制后得以恢复,另有报道在链脲霉素(S+reptogotocin STZ)诱导的糖尿病(DM)大鼠病初.血清微量元素含量尚无咀显变化时,肝、肾组织中微量元素含量即有显著改变,主要是锌、铜、铁、锰等含量增高,提示微量元素是反映DM时体内代谢异常的一个敏感指标,但其病理意义尚不清楚。为进一步了解DM早期对肝脏的影响及其与微量元素含量变化的关系,我们观察了链脲     

铜染毒白兔血液及组织器官微量元素分布情况的研究

系统研究了铜染毒对大耳白兔的生长情况及血液、组织器官中微量元素分布情况的影响。实验分为空白组和染毒组,每日清晨在染毒组动物水源中加入40mg的铜,连续饲喂7周。结果表明,染毒组动物体重明显下降,两组动物体重增长率呈交替上升。染毒组动物血液及各组织器官中铜含量明显上升,其中肝脏、肠、肾脏和血清中呈极显著性变化,由于元素交互作用影响,锌、铬、锰和硒等其他微量元素也发生明显改变。因此,单一元素染毒将引起生命体内整个微量元素系统的变化。     

Zinc,copper and manganese levels in tissues of the spontaneously hypertensive rat

The spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rat is characterized by differences in ion transport and binding by cell membranes as compared with the normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKy) control rat. Since changes in the levels of several essential and nonessential trace elements have been shown to alter blood pressure, we measured the levels of zinc, copper and manganese in tissues to determine whether the basal levels of these micronutrients differend in the SH and WKy rats. Significantly greater amounts of zinc and manganese were present in liver, kidney and femur, and copper in liver and femur of SH rats than WKy rats at 12 weeks of age. However, these differences were due to the greater mass of these organs in the SH rat. The concentrations of renal manganese and serum copper were slightly increased and hepatic zinc was slightly decreased in SH rats compared to WKy rats. The results indicate that there are no major differences between the SH and WKy rat in tissue concentrations of zinc, copper and manganese in animals consuming adequate amounts of these micronutrients.     

硒对氟致大鼠血清 肾和股骨中铜 锌 铁影响的研究

给大鼠饮用含氟化钠 ( 1 50 mg/kg)及同时分别加入不同浓度亚硒酸钠 ( 0 .5～ 2 .0和 4.0mg/L)的饮水共 1 0周 ,观察氟及氟与硒联合作用对大鼠血清氟、尿氟和股骨氟的影响 ,以及大鼠血清 ,肾组织和股骨中铜、锌、铁含量的变化。结果表明 ,氟暴露可使血清、尿和股骨氟水平显著升高及血清、肾、股骨的铜、锌、铁代谢紊乱。同时给予 2 .0 mg/L亚硒酸钠可使血清氟和尿氟进一步升高 ,而股骨氟含量降低 ,并对氟致血清、肾组织和股骨中铜、锌、铁的代谢紊乱具有显著调整作用 ,但 0 .5和 4.0 mg/L亚硒酸钠的这种作用较弱。可以认为 ,亚硒酸钠对尿氟排泄具有显著促进作用 ,对氟诱导的微量元素代谢紊乱具有明显拮抗作用 ,2 .0 mg/L是拮抗1 50 mg/L氟化钠引起的微量元素代谢紊乱的最佳浓度。     

Urinary excretion of zinc, copper and iron in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat

The influence of the chemically diabetic condition on urinary excretion of zinc, copper and iron was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with streptozotocin to induce insulin-dependent diabetes (day 0) and 24-hour urinary collections taken 1, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days later. Onset of the diabetic condition was correlated with a rapid and persistent increase in the amounts of the three trace metals excreted daily in the urine. Diabetic rats excreted 3.4-, 5.0- and 4.9-fold more zinc, copper and iron, respectively, than controls in the urine on day 14. Insulin treatment of diabetic rats significantly reduced the quantities of the micronutrients excreted in urine, suggesting that altered hormonal status was the primary cause of increased urinary losses. Enhanced urinary output of the metals was not associated with reduction in the plasma, liver and kidney contents of zinc, copper and iron. Urinary trace metal excretion was correlated with food ingestion and urinary volume with greater amounts lost during the dark period for control and diabetic animals. The influence of endocrine status on urinary excretion of trace metals is discussed.     

Concentration, Distribution, and Comparison of Selected Trace Elements in Bed Sediment and Fish Tissue in the South Platte River Basin, USA, 1992–1993

During August–November 1992 and August 1993, bed sediment and fish liver were sampled in the South Platte River Basin and analyzed for 45 elements in bed sediment and 19 elements in fish liver. The results for aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, selenium, silver, uranium, and zinc are presented here. All 12 trace elements were detected in bed sediment, but not all were detected in fish liver or in all species of fish. A background concentration of trace elements in bed sediment was calculated using the cumulative frequency curves of trace element concentrations at all sites. Arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, manganese, silver, uranium, and zinc concentrations were greater than background concentrations at sites in mining areas or at sites that have natural sources of these elements. Trace element concentrations in fish liver generally did not follow the same patterns as concentrations in bed sediment, although concentrations of aluminum and cadmium were higher in fish liver collected at mountain sites that had been disturbed by mining. Concentrations of aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, silver, and zinc increased in bed sediments in urban areas. Iron, silver, and zinc concentrations in fish liver also increased in urban areas. Concentrations of cadmium, copper, silver, and zinc in fish liver increased in the agricultural areas of the basin. Downstream changes in trace element concentrations may be the result of geological changes in addition to changes in land use along the river. Received: 5 April 1996/Revised: 27 July 1996     

Interactions of trace metals in mouse and rat tissues; zinc, chromium, copper, and manganese with 13 other elements.

Tissues of rats and mice fed a nonessential metal in drinking water for life were analyzed for the essential metals chromium, copper, manganese and zinc. The study involved 505 rats and 843 mice. Livers, lungs, hearts, kidneys and spleens were pooled in groups according to age at death, averaging 5 for rats and 8 for mice, in order to provide adequate sample weight. Copper was significantly higher in livers of rats fed tin, germanium, niobium and zirconium than in controls. Similarly, niobium was associated with deposition of manganese in heart and zinc deposition in liver. Chromium levels were depressed in heart, kidney and spleen by germanium. In mice the greatest effects occurred when indium and rhodium were fed, all four essential trace metals exhibiting raised levels principally in kidney but also in heart and spleen. Chromium levels were raised in all organs but heart when hexavalent chromium was fed. From these data it is apparent that the ingestion of a nonessential metal can enhance the retention of an essential trace metal, perhaps thus avoiding toxicity from the nonessential one.     

微量元素的检测在糖尿病及糖尿病肾病中临床意义

目的:探讨四种微量元素铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)、铬(Cr)与糖尿病(DM)及糖尿病肾病(DN)之间的关系,研究微量元素在DM发生、发展中的作用。方法:同时测定98例DM患者,DM、DN肾功能正常组53例,DM、DN肾功能不全组33例,正常对照组60例的微量元素铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)、铬(Cr)的值及肌酐(Cr)、尿素(BUN)、胱抑素C(Cy-sC)及内生肌酐清除率(CCr)的值。结果:DM组与对照组比较,铜高于正常对照组,锌、铁、铬低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。微量元素与血糖的相关性,除铜是正相关,锌、铁、铬均为负相关。DN肾功能不全组和DN肾功能正常组锌、铁、铬均低于正常对照组,铜高于正常对照组(P<0.05);DN肾功能不全组锌、铁均低于DN肾功能正常组(P<0.05)。结论:微量元素的检测,对DM的发生、发展,有效的预防并发症DN的发生,有一定的临床意义。