标准化皮肤表层取材法用于酒渣鼻患者皮肤毛囊蠕形螨镜检

毛囊蠕形螨是酒渣鼻发病的一个重要因素［１］。显微镜下观察毛囊蠕形螨的方法快捷、方便,已广泛用于临床。取材方法有很多种,挤压法应用最多。标准化皮肤表层取材法是一种用于研究皮肤角质层简单无创的方法,Forton和Seys应用这个技术在1 cm2皮肤表面检测毛囊蠕形螨,并将此技术命名为标准化皮肤表层取材法（SSSB,standardized skin surface biopsy）［2］,该技术在我国的应用鲜有报道,我们采用SSSB法和挤压法两种取材方式检测酒渣鼻患者毛囊蠕形螨,探讨SSSB法的临床应用……     

毛囊蠕形螨病的流行病学

蠕形螨是寄生人和动物体的一类小型螨类.寄生人体的只有毛囊蠕形瞒(Demodex folliculorum)和皮脂蠕形蜗(Demodex brevis)二种,但以前者的感染率高于后者.     

毛囊蠕形螨与玫瑰痤疮

玫瑰痤疮是一种以面中部持久性红斑伴或不伴有水肿、毛细血管扩张、面部潮红等为特征的一种慢性炎症性皮肤病.毛囊蠕形螨感染是玫瑰痤疮发病的重要因素之一.该文就毛囊蠕形螨感染与玫瑰痤疮发病相关性及毛囊蠕形螨感染的治疗进行了综述.     

毛囊蠕形螨检查方法的初探

毛囊蠕形端的皮肤感染,临床上多采用直接挤压取材的检查方法,在工作中我们感到,由于挤压时,力量大小的不匀,挤出的皮脂多少也不一致,直接影响检查的结果.为此,我们改用透明胶带粘贴法,检查毛囊蠕形螨,提高了检查阳性率,收到较好的效果,特报告如下.     

酒渣鼻与蠕形螨感染关系的META分析

目的 通过META分析,探索蠕形螨与酒渣鼻的关系.方法 采用META分析方法,对国内发表的7篇蠕形螨对酒渣鼻的致病性的文献进行综合分析.结果 酒渣鼻患者的毛囊虫感染率比无酒渣鼻者的感染率高（率差RD=0.32,P=0.02）.结论 酒渣鼻患者的毛囊虫感染率比无酒渣鼻者的感染率高,提示可应用杀蠕药物治疗酒渣鼻。     

倒模面膜治疗蠕形螨性酒渣鼻疗效观察

倒模面膜治疗蠕形螨性酒渣鼻疗效观察毛德传，孙长海，臧运书，盖君，宫宇红，张才佩酒渣鼻的病因甚多，蠕形螨感染是其原因之一。我们对５４１例检螨阳性者，进行单纯用肤螨灵霜涂搽患部（Ｂ组）和加用倒模面膜（Ａ组）进行治疗对比。现报告如下。临床资料：采用曲氏检螨...     

兰州地区人体毛囊蠕形螨的调查研究

我们对甘肃省兰州地区居民393人作毛囊蠕形螨调查，结果检出率为95.67％。毛囊蠕形螨对人的侵袭同性别和职业无关。我们赞同：毛囊蠕形螨是一种条件致病寄生虫。     

酒渣鼻中蠕形螨感染及皮肤生理指标测定

为了解酒渣鼻患者面部蠕形螨感染密度及其面部皮肤生理功能特点,选取酒渣鼻患者65例为实验组,对照组为60名健康志愿者.采用粉刺挤压器挤压患者和健康者前额、鼻和下颌三个部位,刮除面积为1 cm2,蠕形螨的数目取以上三个部位的平均值.酒渣鼻患者面部蠕形螨的感染密度明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05);丘疹脓疱期和鼻赘期蠕形螨感染密度均高于红斑期(均P＜0.05);面部感染蠕形螨酒渣鼻患者面部的油脂高于未感染蠕形螨的健康对照组(P＜0.05).面部蠕形螨感染可能是酒渣鼻的致病因素之一,面部皮肤油脂分泌过多是蠕形螨感染的易感因素.     

酒渣鼻患者鼻部皮肤蠕形螨寄生对局部微生态的影响

【摘要】 目的 分析酒渣鼻患者鼻部蠕形螨寄生与鼻部皮肤微生物群落的关系。方法 2017年5月至2019年6月于佛山市顺德区慢性病防治中心皮肤科收集酒渣鼻患者与面部健康对照者各14例,酒渣鼻患者中早期8例,中期6例。采集受试者鼻翼和鼻唇沟皮肤微生物样品,提取DNA,采用宏基因组测序和生物信息学分析。以蠕形螨及微生物reads数的构成比反映菌种相对丰度。计算Shannon指数评估微生物α多样性。分析基于菌种相对丰度的主成分（PCA）以评估β多样性。计数资料的比较采用两独立样本t检验,蠕形螨与微生物含量间关系采用Pearson相关性分析。结果 酒渣鼻组鼻部皮肤蠕形螨相对含量（1.647% ± 0.389%）高于健康组（0.448% ± 0.089%,t = 2.92,P = 0.007）。蠕形螨的相对含量与细菌相对含量呈负相关（r = -0.95,P < 0.001）,与真菌相对含量呈正相关（r = 0.76,P < 0.001）。酒渣鼻组鼻细菌、真菌群落Shannon指数（0.91 ± 0.17、1.261 ± 0.045）显著高于健康组（0.47 ± 0.12、0.549 ± 0.071,t = 2.17 、8.48,P < 0.05）;两组的主成分分析结果示,仅细菌群落显著不同（t = 2.32,P = 0.029）,而真菌群落无差异（t = 0.82,P = 0.461）。此外,中期酒渣鼻患者蠕形螨相对含量显著高于早期（t = 6.56,P < 0.001）;早、中期患者中细菌和真菌的Shannon指数差异无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）,主成分分析结果示细菌和真菌的群落结构差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。结论 蠕形螨在鼻部皮肤的寄生可能影响鼻部皮肤微生态群落结构。     

Demodex mites in acne rosacea

The hair follicle mites Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis and their role in the pathogenesis of rosacea have been the subject of much debate in the past. We studied the prevalence of Demodex mites in facial skin biopsies obtained from 80 patients with rosacea, 40 with facial eczematous eruption and 40 with lupus erythematosus discoides. The mite prevalence in the rosacea group (51%) was significantly higher than in the rest of the study population (eczema 28% and lupus discoides 31%). Demodex mites were found on all facial sites. The most infested areas in the whole study group were the forehead (49%) and the cheeks (44%). Males were more frequently infested (59%) than females (30%). We did not find any significant difference in mite counts of infested follicles between rosacea and the control group. A lympho-histiocytic cell infiltration was seen around the infested hair follicles. Our results suggest that Demodex mites may play a role in the inflammatory reaction in acne rosacea.     

The significance of Demodex folliculorum density in rosacea

Background Demodex folliculorum has been reported in rosacea in a number of clinical studies. As the Demodex mite is also present in many healthy individuals, it has been suggested that the mite may have a pathogenic role only when it is present in high densities. Moreover, some authors have proposed that a mite density above 5/cm² may be a criterion for the diagnosis of inflammatory rosacea. In this study, the possible role of D. folliculorum and the importance of mite density in rosacea were investigated using a skin surface biopsy technique. Methods Thirty-eight patients with rosacea and 38 age-and-sex-matched healthy subjects entered the study. With the skin surface biopsy technique, we obtained samples from three facial sites. We then determined the mite positivities, the mean mite counts in both study groups, the mean mite densities at each facial site and in the rosacea subgroups, and the mite densities above 5/cm². Results The mean mite count in the rosacea group (6.684) was significantly higher than that in controls (2.868; p < 0.05). The cheek was the most frequently and heavily infested facial region. Ten rosacea patients and five normal subjects had mite densities over 5/cm² ; the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions Rosacea is a disease of multifactorial origin, and individual properties may modify the severity of the inflammatory response to Demodex. We suggest that a certain mite density is not an appropriate criterion in the diagnosis of the disease; nevertheless, large numbers of D. folliculorum may have an important role in the pathogenesis of rosacea, together with other triggering factors.     

Demodex folliculorum and rosacea: experimental and immunological studies

When the immunological mechanism of the demodectic mange is well-known in dogs, few things are known about the role of Demodex mites in the pathogenesis of rosacea: the purpose of this study is the research of immunological reactions against Demodex antigens in 31 patients (24 papulopustular rosaceas and 7 granulomatous demodectic rosaceas histologically ascertained). Cultures or survival in vitro of human Demodex mites could not be obtained; therefore demodectic cysts of diseased goats (Demodex caprae) were gathered and soluble antigens were extracted by lyophilization. By different immunoserological methods, Demodex specific antibodies could be demonstrated in sera of rosacea (22%), of diseased goats and of rabbits sensitized with small amounts of demodectic antigen. Frequently cross-reactions were observed.     

Latent Demodex infection contributes to intense pulsed light aggravated rosacea: cases serial

Intense pulsed light (IPL) is a good option for erythema and telangiectasia of rosacea. Demodex, which is light and heat sensitive, is an important risk of Rosacea. Sometimes, IPL can induce rosacea aggravation. Here, we show two cases of erythema rosacea aggravated as pustule in several hours after IPL. Both cases show high density of Demodex after IPL. Neither of them had photosensitivity, systemic disease, or any other contraindication for IPL. One of the patients received IPL again after Demodex infection relieved and this time there was no inflammation induction. We need to attract more attention to IPL-induced rosacea aggravation and latent Demodex infection may act as a cofactor.