新疆多民族UGT1A9基因多态性与丙泊酚血药浓度相关性

目的:探讨新疆多民族患者尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶(UGT)1A9基因多态性与丙泊酚血药浓度的相关性。方法:选取2019年12月至2021年3月新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院102例多民族患者,采用气-质联用(LC-MS)法检测患者5个时间点,即麻醉诱导前(T₀)、睫毛反射消失前(T₁)、血浆清除率至40～50 L·kg^-1·h^-1时(T₂)、停药即刻(T₃)和停药后30 min时(T₄)外周血中丙泊酚的血药浓度。同时提取患者外周血DNA,采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MAL-DI-TOF-MS)法检测对UGT1A9(rs 2741049、rs 3806598、rs 6731242、rs 3832043)4个基因位点进行基因多态性检测。统计基因分型结果,将影响血药浓度的所有因素进行单因素分析。结果:rs 2741049,rs 3806598,rs 6731242,rs 3832043四个位点基因型频率均符合Hardy-Weinber...     

UGT1A6、UGT1A9基因多态性对汉族癫痫患者丙戊酸血药浓度的影响

目的:考察尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶(UGT)1A6和1A9基因多态性对汉族癫痫患者丙戊酸血药浓度的影响。方法:选取2014年1月—2015年4月于我院门诊就诊的汉族癫痫患者107例,均使用丙戊酸单药治疗,治疗时间为3个月~6年。采用酶放大免疫法测定患者体内丙戊酸稳态血药浓度,采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱法检测其UGT1A6(rs2070959、rs6759892)和UGT1A9(rs13418420、rs2741045、rs2741049、rs6731242、rs72551330)基因型,并考察基因多态性与丙戊酸标准化血药浓度(CDR)的相关性。结果:未检出UGT1A9 rs72551330突变型,其余6个位点基因型频率均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P>0.05)。UGT1A6 rs2070959、rs6759892突变基因携带(AG+GG或TG+GG型)者丙戊酸CDR值显著低于其野生纯合子携带(AA或TT型)者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而携带UGT1A9 rs13418420、rs2741045、rs2741049和rs6731242野生纯合子和突变基因的患者丙戊酸CDR值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:汉族癫痫患者UGT1A6 rs2070959、rs6759892基因多态性与丙戊酸血药浓度有关,且UGT1A6 rs2070959、rs6759892突变基因携带者可能需要更高的丙戊酸剂量。     

186例消化系统恶性肿瘤患者UGT1A1*6、UGT1A1*28基因多态性的检测和分析

目的：检测和分析消化系统恶性肿瘤患者UGT1A1^*6、UGT1A1^*28基因多态性。方法：收集186例消化系统恶性肿瘤患者血液标本,采用焦磷酸测序方法对UGT1A1^*6、UGT1A1^*28基因多态性进行检测,并对基因多态性频率进行统计分析。结果：186例消化系统恶性肿瘤患者样本具有群体代表性。UGT1A1^*6基因多态性为野生型G/G占比63.4%、杂合型G/A占比32.8%、突变纯合型AA占比3.8%;UGT1A1^*28基因多态性为野生型TA6/TA6占比75.8%、杂合型TA6/TA7占比21.5%、突变纯合型TA7/TA7占比2.7%;UGT1A1^*6和^*28基因多态性为野生型G/G且TA6/TA6占比48.9%,单点变异型G/G且TA6/TA7占比12.4%、G/A且TA6/TA6占比23.1%,双点变异型G/G且TA7/TA7占比2.2%、G/A且TA6/TA7占比9.1%、A/A且TA6/TA6占比3.8%,三点变异型G/A且TA7/TA7占比0.5%。患者UGT1A1^*6与UGT1A1^*28基因多态性频率分布之间具有显著性差异（P<0.05）。3个不同年龄段患者之间,胃癌、结直肠癌、其他消化系统恶性肿瘤患者之间的UGT1A1^*28、UGT1A1^*6和^*28基因型分布具有显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论：消化系统恶性肿瘤患者应用伊立替康时,应联合检测UGT1A1^*6和UGT1A1^*28基因多态性,同时密切关注患者的肿瘤类型以及年龄差异。     

汉族癫痫患者UGT1A6基因多态性对丙戊酸血药浓度的影响

摘 要 目的:检测尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶（UGT）1A6 A541G基因多态性在黑龙江汉族癫痫患者中的分布频率,探讨UGT1A6基因多态性对丙戊酸血药浓度的影响。方法: 应用荧光偏振免疫法（FPIA）测定患者丙戊酸钠的血药浓度,PCR-RFLP技术检测患者UGT1A6 541位点的基因多态性,PCR扩增产物进行测序验证方法的可靠性。结果:97例汉族癫痫患者中有28名（28.9%）携带突变型UGT1A6基因,其中服用单位剂量（mg·kg^-1）引起的血药浓度AA基因型患者为（3.06±0.80）μg·ml^-1,AG基因型患者为（2.21±0.66）μg·ml^-1,两者差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:UGT1A6基因多态性对丙戊酸血药浓度有影响,临床上对于含突变型UGT1A6基因的患者服用丙戊酸时应较常规减少用药减量。     

胆红素代谢酶UGT1A1介导的中药不良反应研究进展

尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶1A1（UGT1A1）是哺乳动物体内分布的一种重要的Ⅱ相代谢酶,其不仅介导了大量临床药物、毒物的代谢清除,还是机体参与内源性毒性物质胆红素代谢清除的唯一代谢酶。药物或食品中的化学成分对UGT1A1的强烈抑制会引发多种不良反应,如药物/草药-药物相互作用、高胆红素血症、肝功能异常及神经毒性等。近年来,研究发现许多草药提取物及其化学成分可通过强效抑制UGT1A1引发药物-草药相互作用等不良反应。结合药物代谢及药物毒理学相关领域的新近研究进展,系统总结了UGT1A1抑制剂筛选与评价常用方法,以及中草药化学成分对UGT1A1抑制作用的研究进展。上述信息对于临床安全合理的使用中草药,尤其是在中西药联用或中药方剂使用过程中尽可能避免因UGT1A1抑制引发的不良反应,具有重要指导意义。     

芫花主要黄酮成分对肝微粒体UGTs及UGT1A1活性的体外抑制作用

目的 考察芫花主要黄酮成分芫花素和芹菜素对尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶（UGTs）及UGT1A1活性的影响。方法 采用体外肝微粒体孵育模型,以4-硝基酚（4-nitrophenol,4-NP）为底物检测UGTs活性,胆红素为底物检测UGT1A1活性;利用UV及UPLC-MS/MS测定底物或代谢产物的含量。结果 对UGTs,在大鼠肝微粒体、小鼠肝微粒体以及人肝微粒体孵育体系中,芫花素和芹菜素均能不同程度地抑制UTGs活性;抑制强弱顺序：在大鼠肝微粒体温孵体系中,芫花素>芹菜素;在小鼠肝微粒体以及人肝微粒体温孵体系中,芹菜素>芫花素。对UGT1A1,在人肝微粒体孵育体系中,芫花素和芹菜素均表现为中等强度的竞争性抑制作用,抑制强弱顺序：芹菜素（IC₅₀=12.40 μmol·L^-1）>芫花素（IC₅₀=23.21 μmol·L^-1）。结论 芫花素和芹菜素对不同肝微粒体孵育体系中UGTs及UGT1A1均可产生显著抑制作用且存在种属差异。芫花素及芹菜素可能存在基于UGT酶的药物相互作用。     

基于肝药酶CYP3A4、SULT2A1和UGT1A1探究京尼平的代谢解毒路径（英文）

栀子主要药效成分京尼平具有明显的肝毒性,限制了京尼平以及栀子的应用和开发。本文主要以人源性Hepa RG肝细胞为研究对象,基于肝脏主要代谢解毒酶CYP3A4、SULT2A1和UGT1A1探究介导京尼平代谢解毒的具体路径。结果表明, CYP3A4、SULT2A1和UGT1A1协同介导了京尼平于肝脏的代谢解毒,且CYP3A4是起决定因素的限速酶;其最主要代谢解毒路径为:CYP3A4-SULT2A1/UGT1A1,即:京尼平进入肝细胞后,首先经CYP3A4代谢为毒性减轻的I相代谢产物,再经II相代谢酶SULT2A21和UGT1A1代谢为毒性进一步减轻的代谢产物。本研究的结果初步阐明了京尼平的肝代谢解毒路径,为今后京尼平及栀子的合理使用及研发提供了依据,也为将来京尼平以及中药栀子和含栀子的中药组方配伍解毒的研究奠定了基础。     

焦磷酸测序技术检测UGT1A3和UGT2B7在中国汉族人群中的基因多态性

目的建立焦磷酸测序技术(pyrosequencing)研究二相代谢酶UGT1A3和UGT2B7基因多态性在中国汉族人群中的分布。方法应用带生物素标记扩增引物并经PCR扩增和Beads分离,制备UGT1A3和UGT2B7焦磷酸测序单倍摸板。在PYroMarkID焦磷酸测序上进行焦磷酸测序,检测233血样的DNA标本的17个SNP位点,以确定血样DNA标本的的基因型。结果 233例血样的DNA标本中,UGT1A3等位基因有9种表型,分别为UGT1A3*1*1、UGT1A3*1*2、UGT1A3*1*3、UGT1A3*1*4、UGT1A3*1*5、UGT1A3*2*3、UGT1A3*2*4、UGT1A3*3*3和UGT1A3*3*5。UGT2B7-1和UGT2B7-2各有3种基因型,分别为G/G型、G/T型、T/T和C/C型、C/T型、T/T型。结论我国汉族人群中UGT1A3和UGT2B7基因突变较高。     

伊立替康不良反应与UGT1A1基因多态性关系的研究

目的:研究应用伊立替康化疗的患者不良反应的发生率及严重程度与UGT1A1基因启动子区多态性的关系。方法:选择56例我院晚期胃肠道肿瘤和小细胞肺癌患者,使用含伊立替康的方案化疗,观察并记录患者化疗中出现的不良反应;外周血中抽提基因组DNA,测定UGT1A1基因多态性,分析基因型与不良反应的关系。结果:42例患者(75.0%)UGT1A1*28为野生型TA6/6;13例患者(23.2%)为杂合突变型TA6/7;1例患者(1.8%)为纯合突变型TA7/7;UGT1A1*6野生型有44例(78.6%),杂合突变型有10例(17.9%),纯合突变型有2例(3.6%)。UGT1A1*28野生型、突变型患者发生Ⅲ度以上白细胞和/或中性粒细胞减少者分别为6、3例(14.3%vs.21.4%,P>0.01),其中纯和突变型患者发生Ⅲ度以上白细胞和/或中性粒细胞减少者为1例(100%);发生Ⅲ度以上腹泻者分别为6、2例(14.3%vs.14.3%,P>0.01),其中纯和突变型患者发生Ⅲ度以上腹泻为1例(100%)。UGT1A1*6野生型、突变型患者发生Ⅲ度以上中性粒细胞减少者分别为3、8例(6.8%vs.66.6%,P<0.01),发生Ⅲ度以上腹泻者分别为2、7例(4.5%vs.58.3%,P<0.01)。结论:晚期胃肠道肿瘤和小细胞肺癌患者中,UGT1A1基因野生型最为常见,杂合突变型次之,而纯合突变型很少见。TA7/7纯合突变型患者应用伊立替康化疗发生Ⅲ度以上白细胞和/或中性粒细胞减少和腹泻的风险增加,而TA6/7杂合突变型与TA6/6野生型相似,并不增加患者发生Ⅲ度以上中性粒细胞减少和腹泻的风险。UGT1A1*6突变型应用伊立替康化疗发生Ⅲ度以上中性粒细胞减少和腹泻的风险较野生型明显增加。     

UGT1A1基因多态性联合血药浓度监测在伊立替康个体化治疗中的应用

近年来,恶性肿瘤已成为一种发病率较高的慢性病,尤其是结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率呈逐渐上升趋势。目前伊立替康联合5-氟尿嘧啶与亚叶酸钙方案(FOLFIRI)治疗晚期结直肠癌疗效显著。但由于伊立替康严重的不良反应及明显的个体差异,该方案在临床应用中受到一定限制。伊立替康在体内代谢过程中受多种酶的影响,其中尿苷二磷酸葡糖醛酸转移酶1Al(UGT1A1)在伊立替康体内代谢过程中起到核心作用。但随着深入研究,伊立替康及其代谢物的血药浓度在预测伊立替康相关不良反应甚至个体化给药方面与基因多态性检测同样重要。因此,本文就影响伊立替康个体化治疗的因素作一综述。     

UGT1A6 genotype-related pharmacokinetics of deferiprone (L1) in healthy volunteers

AIMS

To examine the effects of UGT1A6 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of deferiprone in healthy volunteers.

METHODS

Twenty-two healthy volunteers were enrolled and grouped according to UGT1A6 genotype. After an overnight fast, the subjects received a single oral dose of 25 mg kg⁻¹ deferiprone. Blood samples were collected at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 min after dosing. Urine output was collected at 0, 0–2, 2–4, 4–8, 8–12 and 12–24 h. Deferiprone (L1) and deferiprone-glucuronide (L1G) concentrations in serum and urine were determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. UGT1A6 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.

RESULTS

No statistically significant differences in any pharmacokinetic parameters of either deferiprone or deferiprone-glucuronide among the genotype groups were noted. Likewise, there were no statistically significant differences in 24-h urinary deferiprone and deferiprone-glucuronide excretion among the genotype groups. Significant differences between men and women were found in AUC_0–∞, V_d/F, and CL/F of deferiprone. Gender differences in 24-h urinary deferiprone and its metabolite excretion, however, failed to reach statistical significance. The V_d/F of deferiprone was found to correlate significantly with serum ferritin (r_s = 0.665; P = 0.001).

CONCLUSION

The studied single nucleotide polymorphisms in UGT1A6 do not appear to exert statistically significant effects on the single-dose pharmacokinetics of deferiprone. Gender appears to influence the serum pharmacokinetics of deferiprone, but not urinary excretion of deferiprone and its metabolite. Body iron stores may have an influence on the extent of extravascular deferiprone distribution.

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT

• UGT1A6 has been proposed as the predominant isoform responsible for the glucuronidation of deferiprone.
• UGT1A6*2 allele has been associated with the altered enzyme activity.

WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS

• There is no statistically significant effect of UGT1A6 genotype on the single-dose pharmacokinetics of deferiprone in healthy volunteers.
• Gender influences serum pharmacokinetics of deferiprone.
• Body iron stores reflected by serum ferritin levels may have an influence on the extent of extravascular deferiprone distribution.

     

Expression of UGT1A subfamily in rat brain

UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) is an enzyme that catalyses a major phase II reaction in drug metabolism. Glucuronidation occurs mainly in the liver, but UGTs are also expressed in extrahepatic tissues, where they play an important role in local metabolism. UGT1A isoforms catalyse the glucuronidation of several drugs, neurotransmitters and neurosteroids that exert pharmacological and physiological effects on the brain. The aim of the current study was to determine UGT1A mRNA expression levels and glucuronidation activities in different regions of the rat brain (namely the cerebellum, frontal cortex, parietal cortex, piriform cortex, hippocampus, medulla oblongata, olfactory bulb, striatum and thalamus). It was found that all UGT1A isoforms were expressed in all the nine regions, but their expression levels differed between the regions. The difference between the regions of the brain where the mRNA levels were highest and those where they were lowest ranged between 2.1‐ to 7.8‐fold. Glucuronidation activities were measured using the UGT substrates such as mycophenolic acid, p‐nitrophenol and umbelliferone. Glucuronidation activity was detected in all nine regions of the brain. Activity levels differed between the regions, and were highest in the cerebellum, medulla oblongata and olfactory bulb. Differences in glucuronidation activity between regions with the highest rates and those with the lowest rates ranged from 5.3‐ to 10.1‐fold. These results will contribute to our current understanding of the physiological and pharmacokinetic roles of drug‐metabolizing enzymes in the brain. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Glucuronidation of flavonoids by recombinant UGT1A3 and UGT1A9

Flavonoids are highlighted for their potential roles in the prevention of oxidative stress-associated diseases. Their metabolisms in vivo, such as glucuronidation, are the key points to determine their health beneficial properties. In this paper, we tested the glucuronidation of nineteen flavonoids by both recombinant human UGT1A3 and UGT1A9. Eleven compounds could be catalyzed by both enzymes. In general, both enzymes showed moderate to high catalyzing activity to most flavonoid aglycones, while the catalyzing efficiency changed with structures. Each flavonoid produced more than one monoglucuronide with no diglucuronide detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Enzymatic kinetic analysis indicated that the catalyzing efficiency (Vmax/Km) of UGT1A9 was higher than that of UGT1A3, suggesting its important role in flavonoid glucuronidation. Both human UGT1A3 and UGT1A9 preferred flavonoid aglycone to flavonoid glycoside, and their metabolism to arabinoside was stronger than to other glycosides. Of the flavonoids studied, it is the first time to report isorhamnetin, morin, silybin, kaempferol, daidzein, quercetin-3',4'-OCHO-, quercetin xylopyranoside and avicularin as substrates of UGT1A3. Apigenin, morin, daidzein, quercetin-3',4'-OCHO-, quercetin xylopyranoside and avicularin were the newly reported substrates of UGT1A9.     

UGT1A1*6 基因多态性与IP 方案治疗广泛期小细胞肺癌患者临床疗效和毒副反应的相关性分析

目的：探讨尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶1A1＊6（UGT1A1＊6）基因多态性与IP方案治疗的广泛期小细胞肺癌（ED-SCLC）患者临床疗效和毒副反应的相关性。方法选择2010年3月至2013年4月我院应用IP方案治疗的46例ED-SCLC患者,化疗前采全血提取基因组DNA,PCR法扩增目的基因片段,焦磷酸测序法测定UGT1A1＊6的基因多态性,化疗过程中观察并分析患者的临床疗效及不良反应的发生情况,探讨UGT1A1＊6基因多态性与不良反应和疗效之间的关系。结果46例患者中,UGT1A1＊6位点野生型G/G 34例（73％）,杂合突变型G/A 8例（17％）,纯合突变型A/A 4例（8％）。化疗期间,突变杂合型（G/A）及纯合突变型（A/A）患者3-4级腹泻和中性粒细胞减少的发生率明显高于UGT1A1野生型（G/G）（P〈0.05）,UGT1A1＊6各种基因型之间血小板减少的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 UGT1A1＊6基因多态性与IP方案治疗ED-SCLC发生严重的腹泻和中性粒细胞减少有关,但与其临床疗效无关。     

UGT1A1基因多态性与伊立替康所致不良反应的相关性分析

目的：研究本院肿瘤患者UGT1A1基因多态性分布,探讨UGT1A1基因多态性与伊立替康所致不良反应的相关性。方法：回顾性分析2016~2018年就诊于本院并接受伊立替康治疗的肿瘤患者UGT1A1基因多态性分布,分析用药后不良反应发生情况,比较不同基因型之间的差异。结果：共计76例肿瘤患者被纳入分析。76例患者均行UGT1A1*28基因检测（突变比率23.68%）,其中有45例患者同时行UGT1A1*6基因检测（突变比率24.44%）。UGT1A1*28基因突变患者发生Ⅲ~Ⅳ度白细胞减少的风险显著高于野生型（OR=10.79,95% CI：1.24~93.86, P=0.016）。伊立替康化疗引起的其他不良反应,包括血小板减少、中性粒细胞减少、腹泻、肝损伤在本研究中未显示出与UGT1A1基因型的显著相关性（P>0.05）。结论：UGT1A1*28基因多态性与伊立替康引起的严重白细胞减少相关。     

Structure-metabolism relationships for the glucuronidation of flavonoids by UGT1A3 and UGT1A9

Objectives This study tries to find structure–metabolism relationships between flavonoids and human UGT1A3 and UGT1A9. Methods The glucuronidation of flavonoids was studied with recombinant UGT1A3 and UGT1A9, and the glucuronidation activity was determined by HPLC. Key findings Of the flavonoids studied, it was shown for the first time that baicalein, quercetin‐3‐OCH₂OCH₃, quercetin‐4′‐CH₃, quercetin‐3′‐OCH₃ and quercetin‐3′‐Br are substrates of UGT1A3. Wogonin, baicalein, quercetin‐4′‐Cl, quercetin‐3‐OCH₂OCH₃, quercetin‐3‐O‐arabinoside, quercetin‐4′‐CH₃, quercetin‐3′‐OCH₃ and quercetin‐3′‐Br are the newly reported substrates of UGT1A9. The preferred substrates for UGT1A3 and UGT1A9 contain the hydroxyl group at the C7‐position. The glycon and the position of the B ring have conspicuous influences on the glucuronidation activity, and other chemical structures of flavonoids have minor effects. Conclusions From the quantitative study, UGT1A9 in general has higher glucuronidation efficiency than UGT1A3.     

UGT1A9C-2152T和UGT2B7G211T突变在中国汉族人群中的分布

目的建立Touch-down PCR/RFLP的方法检测UGT1A9 C-2152T突变,建立PCR/RFLP的方法检测UGT2B7 G211T突变,确定其在中国汉族人群中的突变频率.方法采用Touch-down PCR/RFLP方法,对100名无亲缘关系的汉族男性志愿者进行UGT1A9 C-2152T的基因分型.采用PCR/RFLP方法,对363名无亲缘关系的汉族志愿者(其中男性263名、女性100名)进行UGT2B7 G211T的基因分型.结果在100名中国汉族男性受试者中,末发现UGT1A9 C-2152T的突变,与亚洲人通过测序报道的结果基本一致.在363名汉族受试者中,UGT2B7 G211T突变发生频率为 0.158,与日本人通过测序报道的结果基本一致.中国男性和女性的等位基因频率分别为 0.128 和 0.110,男性的突变频率比女性高(χ2=6.784, P=0.034).结论用PCR/RFLP的方法对UGT2B7 G211T突变分型的方法简便、快速、重复性好,可用于大样本人群的基因检测.UGT2B7 G211T突变在中国汉族人中发生频率较高.     

浙江台州地区使用伊立替康人群UGT1A1基因多态性相关性研究

目的 研究浙江台州地区使用伊立替康（CPT-11）人群UGT1A1基因多态性和不良反应的相关性。方法 以使用含CPT-11化疗的132例台州地区汉族肿瘤患者为研究对象,取其外周血提取基因组DNA,进行UGT1A1基因多态性检测。结果 132例以CPT-11为基础化疗方案的台州地区肿瘤患者中UGT1A1*28 TA（6/6）野生型93例（70.45%）,TA（6/7）杂合突变型共36例（27.27%）,TA（7/7）纯合突变型仅3例（2.27%）;UGT1A1*6 G/G野生型共97例（73.48%）,G/A杂合突变型共35例（26.52%）,未找到A/A纯合突变型。UGT1A1*28非野生型（6/7+7/7）患者发生腹泻的概率显著高于野生型患者（P=0.040）。而粒细胞减少、血小板减少、血红蛋白减少与UGT1A1*28基因多态性无显著性差异。迟发性腹泻、粒细胞减少、血小板减少、血红蛋白减少水平与UGT1A1*6基因多态性无显著性差异。结论 浙江台州地区UGT1A1基因突变频率较高,TA（6/6）野生型人群相比TA（6/7）和TA（7/7）,CPT-11使用后的腹泻风险增加。建议浙江台州地区肿瘤患者使用CPT-11化疗前进行UGT1A1基因多态性检测,以预测患者对CPT-11的耐受性,保证化疗的顺利进行。