BRI基因在人非小细胞肺癌细胞系中的差异表达

目的 研究BRI基因在人非小细胞肺癌细胞系中的表达，探讨其表达情况与肺癌转移能力的相关性。方法 应用半定量RT-PCR、Northern blot法分析一对来源相同、转移能力不同的人肺腺癌细胞系AGZY83-a和Anip973中BRI基因的差异表达，并检测另外6个肺癌细胞系SPC-A-1、A549、95D、TKB-18、GLC-82和PAa中BRI基因的表达情况，分析其过度表达与肺癌转移能力的关系。结果 BRI基因在两同源细胞系中确实存在明显的差异表达，在具有高转移潜能的Anip973中呈高表达。在其他6个不同转移潜能的肺癌细胞系中BRI的表达情况也与其转移能力有一定的相关性。BRI基因存在1．6kb和2．0kb两个转录本，在肺癌细胞系中以1．6kb转录本为主。结论 BRI mRNA尤其是1．6kb转录本的表达上调与非小细胞肺癌转移表型的形成可能有一定关系。     

与肺癌和胃癌转移可能相关的RAB5A基因

目的 研究和分离肿瘤转移相关基因,探讨肺癌及胃癌转移发生的分子基础。方法 应用细胞培养、ｍＲＮＡ差异显示技术、ｃＤＮＡ克隆、测序技术、ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ、Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交技术以及免疫组化技术,分析比较了细胞来源相同,但转移能力不同的人肺腺癌细胞系Ａｎｉｐ９７３和ＡＧＺＹ８３－ａ基因差异表达及其差异表达基因ＲＡＢ５Ａ在临床胃癌和肺癌标本中存在的实际意义。结果 在两细胞系之间确有明显的差异表达基因存     

p16基因转染对肺腺癌细胞系Anip973和AGZY83—a的生长抑制作用

目的 探讨肿瘤抑制基因p16对肺腺癌细胞生长的抑制作用。方法 应用FuGene转染方法将p16基因的表达质粒转入一对分别具高、低转移能力的肺腺癌细胞系Anip973和AGZY83－a中。对p16蛋白过表达的细胞系进行了细胞生长曲线、克隆形成率、原位末端标记分析和流式细胞术分析。结果 p16基因的过表达只能使AGZY83－a和Anip973的G1期细胞比例提高,但细胞生长曲线、克隆形成率均未发生改变,原位末端标记分析也未发现凋亡信号。结论 本实验结果提示p16基因在AGZY83－a和Anip973中的过表达不能抑制它们的生长。     

RAB5A对人肺腺癌细胞系侵袭转移作用的研究

目的：探讨RAB5A基因在人肺腺癌细胞系侵袭和转移中的作用。方法：采用体外重建基底膜侵袭实验和癌细胞粘附能力；癌细胞趋化性运动能力、癌细胞分泌明胶酶的能力及活性的测定，分析RAB5A正义真核表达载体转染后的AGZY83－a和反义RNA转染后的Anip973细胞的侵袭、转移能力的改变。结果：RAB5A正义表达载体PcDNA3.1-RAB5A转染的AGZY83－a重建基底膜侵袭能力明显增强，统计学意义显著（P＜0．0005），细胞趋化性运动能力显著增高（P＜0．0005），对基底膜成分的粘附能力增大（P＜0．05），以及明胶酶分泌及活性增强等一系列趋向Anip973的变化。PcDNA3-AntiRAB5A反义RNA表达载体对Anip973重建基底膜侵袭力明显下降（P＜0．0025），趋化性运动能力显著降低（P＜0．005），对基底膜成分粘附能力降低（P＜0．05），以及明胶酶分泌减少等一系列趋向AGZY83－a的变化。结论：RAB5A在肺腺癌侵袭轩移表型形成中发挥重要的作用。反义RNA可阻断RAB5A基因的翻译过程。     

VEGF-C及其受体Flt-4在原发性非小细胞肺癌中的表达及意义

背景与目的:探讨血管内皮生长因子C(VascularendothelialgrowthfactorC,VEGF-C)及其受体Flt-4(Fms-liketyrosinekinase4)在人非小细胞肺癌(Non-smallcelllungcancer,NSCLC)组织中的表达及与临床意义。材料与方法:采用半定量的RT-PCR及免疫组化法检测40例NSCLC、12例癌旁组织及免疫组化法(S-P法)检测60例NSCLC原发灶组织、10例癌旁组织、32例伴转移的淋巴结组织中VEGF-C、Flt-4的表达。结果:RT-PCR法:NSCLC中VEGF-CmRNA及Flt-4mRNA的相对含量均明显高于癌旁组织;与淋巴结转移正相关;与肺癌的组织类型、病理分级无关。VEGF-CmRNA与肺癌的TNM分期正相关。S-P法:VEGF-C和Flt-4在转移的淋巴结癌细胞中、NSCLC和癌旁组织中的表达各组间差异有显著意义;VEGF-C表达与肺癌TNM分期正相关;VEGF-C和Flt-4表达与淋巴结转移正相关,与肿瘤组织类型、病理分级无关;NSCLC中Flt-4阳性微脉管数在淋巴结转移组明显高于无淋巴结转移组,差异有显著意义。结论:在NSCLC组织中VEGF-C基因水平上调,是由肺癌细胞分泌,并通过自分泌方式作用于细胞膜上的Flt-4受体,与非小细胞肺癌的发生有一定关系;VEGF-C与肿瘤恶性进展有关;VEGF-C与NSCLC中淋巴管的生成及淋巴结转移密切相关;VEGF-C表达可做为肺癌患者判断淋巴转移的估计指标之一。     

转染p16基因对人肺腺癌细胞放射效应的影响

目的 :探讨p16基因与人肺腺癌细胞放射效应的关系。方法 :免疫组化、Westernblot方法检测人肺腺癌细胞株Anip973、AGZY83a的p16蛋白表达 ,FuGene转染方法把 p16表达载体转入这两个细胞株 ,进行细胞存活曲线、流式细胞仪 (FCM )分析细胞周期分布。结果 :p16蛋白表达AGZY83a为 87.4 % ,明显高于Anip973(5 2 % ) ,细胞存活曲线显示低表达的Anip973与转染后Anip973p16的Dq值有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,D0 值间无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。p16蛋白高表达的AGZY83a与AGZY83ap16间D0 值、Dq值均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;流式细胞仪测定细胞周期结果显示 ,Anip973转染 p16基因后出现G2 M期比例增加 ,S期比例减少。结论 :转染 p16基因后可能通过改变细胞周期分布及抑制细胞对照射后的亚致死性损伤修复 ,来改变p16蛋白低表达的人肺腺癌细胞株Anip973的放射效应 ,而对于高表达的AGZY83a则无显著影响。     

Endostatin? VEGF-C和VEGFR-3在非小细胞肺癌及其淋巴结组织中的表达与意义

探讨内皮抑素（endostatin）、血管内皮生长因子-C（VEGF-C）和血管内皮生长因子受体-3（VEGFR-3）在癌组织及其淋巴结组织中的表达与非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）生物学行为之间的关系,了解endostatin、VEGF-C和VEGFR-3三者之间的内在联系。方法:使用免疫组化链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶（SP）连接法对98例肺癌根治手术后癌组织和淋巴结组织标本的endostatin、VEGF-C和VEGFR-3的表达情况进行研究。结果:endostatin、VEGF-C、VEGFR-3在癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为30.6%、79.6%、61.2%。其中endostatin的表达与VEGF-C的表达呈正相关（P=0.025）,VEGF-C的表达与VEGFR-3的表达呈正相关（P=0.007）。不同N分期及不同淋巴结转移枚数分组的患者,其endostatin和VEGF-C的阳性表达率均有显著性差异（P<0.05）,且两者之间的变化呈相反趋势。VEGFR-3的表达与分化程度相关（P=0.013）。VEGF-C的表达情况与脉管癌栓相关（P=0.050）。在转移性淋巴结中,VEGF-C和VEGFR-3的阳性表达率均达88.0%,未转移淋巴结中,两者的阳性表达率分别为32.7%和57.1%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。转移性淋巴结中微淋巴管密度（MLVD）明显高于非转移淋巴结（P<0.001）。结论:endostatin和VEGF-C的表达与肺癌淋巴结转移密切相关,endostatin可能通过下调VEGF-C的表达来抑制淋巴结转移,VEGF-C/VEGFR-3通路通过促进微淋巴管的增生直接参与淋巴结转移,对寻找治疗肺癌的新途径有重要意义。      

非小细胞肺癌组织中VEGF-C及其受体VEGFR-3的表达与淋巴结转移的关系

 目的　研究血管内皮生长因子C（VEGF-C）及VEGF受体-3（VEGFR-3）在人类非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织中的表达,并探讨其与淋巴转移之间的关系。方法　对60例NSCLC患者术后标本行VEGF-C、VEGFR-3免疫组织化学（SP法）检测,计数阳性率,并结合临床和病理资料进行分析。结果　60例NSCLC组织中VEGF-C阳性表达率为68.3 %（41／60）,VEGFR-3阳性表达率为53.3 %（32／60）,VEGF-C的表达与肺癌分化程度呈负相关（P＝0.004）,VEGF-C、VEGFR-3的表达与淋巴结转移呈正相关（P＝0.009）,肺癌组织中VEGF-C与VEGFR-3的表达亦相关（r＝0.27）。结论　NSCLC组织中VEGF-C、VEGFR-3的表达与肿瘤细胞的淋巴结转移相关。VEGF-C是促使肿瘤组织内淋巴管形成,促进肺癌淋巴结转移的重要原因。     

The balance of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 mRNA is a predictor of lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer

A positive association between vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) expression and lymph node metastasis has been reported in several cancers. However, the relationship of VEGF-C and lymph node metastasis in some cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is controversial. We evaluated the VEGF-C and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) expression in NSCLC samples from patients who had undergone surgery between 1998 and 2002 using real-time quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining. We failed to find a positive association between VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 mRNA expression and lymph node metastasis in NSCLC. An immunohistological study demonstrated that VEGF-C was expressed not only in cancer cells, but also in macrophages in NSCLC, and that VEGFR-3 was expressed in cancer cells, macrophages, type II pneumocytes and lymph vessels. The VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 ratio of the node-positive group was significantly higher than that of the node-negative group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that VEGFR-3 was mainly expressed in cancer cells. The immunoreactivity of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 was roughly correlated to the mRNA levels of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 in real-time PCR. VEGF-C mRNA alone has no positive association with lymph node metastasis in NSCLC. The VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 ratio was positively associated with lymph node metastasis in NSCLC. This suggests that VEGF-C promotes lymph node metastasis while being influenced by the strength of the VEGF-C autocrine loop, and the VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 ratio can be a useful predictor of lymph node metastasis in NSCLC.     

非小细胞肺癌淋巴管生成因子表达与淋巴结转移关系的研究

背景与目的 血管内皮生长因子C（VEGF-C）可以诱导淋巴管上皮细胞增殖和淋巴窦的新生。本研究的目的是探讨VEGF-C的表达与非小细胞肺癌淋巴结转移的关系。方法 应用免疫组织化学S-P法对60例非小细胞肺癌组织中VEGF-C蛋白的表达进行测定，并结合肺癌的淋巴结转移特征进行分析。结果 肺癌组织中VEGF-C蛋白阳性表达率为65．00％（39／60）。有淋巴结转移组VEGF-C蛋白阳性表达率83．33％（20／24）明显高于无淋巴结转移组52．78％（19／36）（P〈0．05）。结论 肺癌组织中存在VEGF-C的高表达，可能与肺癌的淋巴结转移有关。VEGF-C蛋白表达可能作为推断肺癌淋巴结转移的参考指标。     

Clusterin在Anip973/NVB细胞株中的表达及其意义

背景与目的通过检测聚集素(Clusterin,CLU)在耐药非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)细胞系Anip973/Navelbine(Anip973/NVB)中的表达,并以Anip973作为对照。证实CLU与NSCLC细胞系对NVB的耐药相关。同时,检测CLU、p53(突变型)、Bax在正常肺组织、肺癌组织中的表达,探讨其与肺癌发生发展的关系。方法采用WesternBlot法从蛋白水平比较CLU在Anip973、Anip973/NVB中的差异表达,并通过流式细胞仪检测CLU阳性表达率、CLU与细胞周期、CLU与p53、Bax之间的关系。结果CLU与p53在NSCLC耐药细胞系Anip973/NVB中的表达均显著高于Anip973(P<0.01),Bax在NSCLC耐药细胞系Anip973/NVB中的表达于Anip973相比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。进入G0-G1期的Anip973/NVBNSCLC耐药细胞明显多于非耐药细胞,而进入S期G2-M期的Anip973/NVBNSCLC耐药细胞明显少于非耐药细胞。结论CLU与p53在NSCLC耐药细胞系中呈高表达,表明CLU与NVB的耐药相关。     

Lymphatic microvessel density using D2-40 is associated with nodal metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer

The monoclonal antibody D2-40 is a new selective marker for lymphatic endothelium. The lymphatic microvessel density (LMVD) using D2-40 has not yet been evaluated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study was to evaluate LMVD using D2-40 in NSCLC. We investigated LMVD in 77 patients with NSCLC who underwent curative tumor resection. We also determined the relation between LMVD and clinicopathologic factors, VEGF-C and Ang-2 and microvessel density (MVD) using factor VIII-related antigen. The median number of D2-40-positive vessels in the highest LMVD was 25 (range, 5-71). LMVD was significantly associated with tumor status, lymph node metastasis, stage, lymphatic invasion, VEGF-C protein and MVD (p=0.0149 for tumor status; p<0.0001 for nodal status; p<0.0001 for stage; p=0.0153 for lymphatic invasion; p=0.0030 for VEGF-C, and p=0.0029 for MVD). Furthermore, LMVD using D2-40 expression was shown to be an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis by multivariate analysis (p=0.0070). These data indicate that a high LMVD by D2-40 may be an indicator of lymph node metastasis in NSCLC.     

非小细胞肺癌血管内皮生长因子-C和环氧合酶-2蛋白的表达及其对预后的影响

目的研究血管内皮生长因子-C（VEGF—C）和环氧合酶-2（COX-2）蛋白在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织中的表达及其与肺癌生物学行为的关系。方法应用免疫组化方法检测77例NSCLC组织中VEGF—C和COX-2蛋白的表达情况,分析其与肿瘤淋巴管密度（LVD）、肿瘤大小、肿瘤组织类型、组织分化程度、淋巴结转移情况、临床复发和术后生存期的关系。结果77例NSCLC组织中,有45例VEGF—C蛋白表达呈阳性,阳性率为58．4％;有29例COX-2蛋白表达呈阳性,阳性率为37、7％。VEGF—C蛋白的表达与NSCLC组织分化程度呈负相关（P〈0．05）,与肿瘤的淋巴结转移、LVD和肿瘤大小呈正相关（P〈0.01）,与患者术后生存期呈负相关（P〈0．01）。COX-2蛋白的表达与NSCLC的LVD呈正相关（P〈0．01）,与患者术后生存期呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论VEGF—C和COX-2蛋白的表达与肺癌的生物学行为具有相关性,尤其是VEGF—C蛋白,其高表达提示肺癌患者容易出现淋巴结转移和预后不良。     

整合素β1、血管内皮生长因子与胃癌浸润转移的关系

目的探讨胃癌组织中整合素β1、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的表达与胃癌浸润、转移的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学技术检测63例胃癌组织中整合素β1、VEGF的表达,结合临床资料、病理分级、分期、分型对其进行统计学分析。结果胃癌组织中整合素β1的表达与病理分级及患者年龄、性别无关。整合素β1的阳性表达率在全层与黏膜下层间,全层与肌层间的表达差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,但肌层与黏膜下层间的表达差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。管状腺癌、乳头状腺癌、黏液腺癌、未分化腺癌中的阳性表达率分别为70．00％、55．56％、57．14％、64．86％,差异无统计学意义。在胃癌发生转移组中的表达（80．56％）明显高于未转移组（55．56％）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。VEGF在胃癌中的表达与性别、浸润深度及组织学分型均无关,但与有无转移有关,发生转移组的阳性表达率为86．11％（31／36）,未转移组有62．96％（17／27）表达阳性,两者间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论整合素的表达与胃癌的浸润深度及有无淋巴结转移有关,浸润程度越深,阳性表达率越高;有淋巴结转移组明显高于无淋巴结转移组。VEGF的表达与胃癌是否伴有淋巴结转移有关,转移组的表达高于无转移组。     

Relationship between Lymphatic Vessel Density and Lymph Node Metastasis of Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between lymphatic vessel density and lymph node metastasis of invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast. METHODS The immunohistochemical study for vascular endothelial growth factor-c (VEGF-C), VEGF Receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) and lymphatic vessel density of 51 cases of IMPC were performed, and lymph node metastases were examined by microscopic analysis of these cases. RESULTS In IMPC, VEGF-C was expressed in the cytoplasm and/or on the membrane of the tumor cells, and the expression of VEGF-C showed a positive correlation with lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). Lymphatic vessel density was determined by the number of micro-lymphatic vessels with VEGFR-3 positive staining. Lymphatic vessel density was positively correlated with VEGF-C expression (P<0.01) and lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). The percentage of IMPC in the tumor was not associated with the incidence of lymph node metastasis. The metastatic foci in lymph nodes were either pure or predominant micropapillary carcinoma. CONCLUSION The results suggested that VEGF-C overexpression stimulated tumor lymphangiogenesis, and the increased lymphatic vessel density may be the key factor that influenced lymph node metastasis of IMPC.     

VEGF121 promotes lymphangiogenesis in the sentinel lymph nodes of non-small cell lung carcinoma patients

BACKGROUND: The sentinel lymph node (SLN) concept is that lymphatic flux from a primary tumor initially flows into a SLN. The mechanism mediating tumor metastasis within SLNs remains largely unknown; however, primary tumors overexpressing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A appear to induce SLN lymphangiogenesis prior to metastasis in animal model. Our aim was to further investigate the capacity of VEGFs to induce lymphangiogenesis within SLNs and to assess their role in SLN metastasis in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). METHODS: Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to assess expression of mRNAs encoding several VEGFs (VEGF121, VEGF165, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, VEGF-C and VEGF-D) in resected lymph node specimens from 35 NSCLC patients, after which we compared their expression SLNs and non-SLNs. In addition, expression of the lymphatic endothelium-specific hyaluronan receptor (LYVE)-1 was used to assess lymphangiogenesis in SLNs and non-SLNs. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining revealed substantial expression of LYVE-1 in SLNs. Moreover, levels LYVE-1 mRNA were significantly higher in SLNs than non-SLNs (P<0.05), as were levels of VEGF121 and VEGFR2 mRNA (P<0.01 and P=0.02, respectively). In addition metastasis-positive SLNs showed significantly higher levels of VEGF121, VEGF-C and VEGF-D mRNA than metastasis-negative SLNs (P<0.001, P=0.01 and P=0.01, respectively), and VEGF121 induced the proliferation of lymphatic endothelial cells (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that active lymphangiogenesis is ongoing within SLNs from NSCLC patients, even before metastasis. This lymphangiogenesis may be promoted by upregulation of VEGF121, which may in turn act in part via induction of VEGF-C.     

MiRNA-10a is upregulated in NSCLC and may promote cancer by targeting PTEN

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in human cancer including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we compared miRNA expression microarray of SPC-A-1sci (high metastatic) and SPC-A-1 (weakly metastatic) cells. We found that miRNA-10a was up-regulated in NSCLC compared with corresponding normal tissues. High expression of miR-10a was associated with tumor node metastasis and lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-10a promoted NSCLC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. We found that PTEN was a direct target of miR-10a in NSCLC. Also miR-10a activated the PTEN/AKT/ERK pathway. We suggest that miR-10a contributes to NSCLC by targeting PTEN.