153例错畸形患者W角的测量分析研究

目的:本研究使用一种新的头影测量方法-W角评价上下颌骨矢状向关系,据此分析安氏3种错类型W值。方法:对153例11～20岁患者头颅侧位片进行头影测量分析,按照ANB角、Wits值和β角分为3组,取平均值和标准差,分析男女差异。结果:分析安氏3种错类型患者W角的正常值;3组W值间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);各组W值在性别上没有显著差异。结论:W角能反映上下颌骨矢状方向不调,具有较好可重复性。     

错患者β角的临床评价

目的推介一种新的准确评价上下颌骨矢状向关系的头影测量方法:β角。方法β角由A点、B点、髁状突中点三个骨性标志点构成,测量值反应上下颌骨在矢状方向的不调;样本选取137名患者,按照3 项标准分三组,分别反应三种错类型,并计算均数和标准差。结果安氏Ⅰ类错β值为36.42°±3.33,安氏Ⅱ类错的β值为26.88°±6.81,安氏Ⅲ类错的β值为45.36°±3.68;各组β值在性别上没有显著性差异。结论β角能反应上下颌骨的矢状关系,β值在33°-39°之间为安氏Ⅰ类错畸形,安氏Ⅱ类错β角较锐,安氏Ⅲ类错患者的β角较钝。     

不同程度矢状向和垂直向不调的安氏Ⅱ~1类错患者的矫治效果分析

目的:评估生长期不同程度矢状向和垂直向骨性不调的安氏Ⅱ类1分类错患者的疗效差异。方法:选择28例治疗后获得Ⅰ类尖牙磨牙关系的中、重度安氏Ⅱ类1分类错患者。以治疗前矢状向和垂直向不调程度分为3组。利用治疗前、后头颅侧位片分析各组治疗前、后软硬组织变化。采用SPSS12.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:3组患者治疗后ANB角均减小,第2组、第3组较第1组ANB角减小更多(P<0.01)。第3组治疗后SNA角明显减小(P<0.01),第1组(P<0.01)、第2组(P<0.05)治疗后SNB角明显增加。治疗后3组上前牙均变得直立,下前牙位置基本不变,各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。软组织指标治疗前、后组间无显著性差异(P>0.05),但鼻唇角(P<0.05)、面凸角(P<0.05)、Z角(P<0.01)在第3组治疗前、后有显著差异。结论:对于处于生长期的不同矢状向和垂直向不调的安氏Ⅱ类1分类错患者,单纯正畸治疗结合矫形治疗,可以取得明显牙骨性及软硬组织改善。重度矢状不调伴垂直向异常的患者,能取得更显著的侧貌改变。     

错(牙合)患者β角的临床评价

目的推介一种新的准确评价上下颌骨矢状向关系的头影测量方法:β角.方法β角由A点、B点、髁状突中点三个骨性标志点构成,测量值反应上下颌骨在矢状方向的不调;样本选取137名患者,按照3项标准分三组,分别反应三种错(牙合)类型,并计算均数和标准差.结果安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)β值为36.42°±3.33,安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)的β值为26.88°±6.81,安氏Ⅲ类错(牙合)的β值为45.36°±3.68;各组β值在性别上没有显著性差异.结论β角能反应上下颌骨的矢状关系,β值在33°-39°之间为安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)畸形,安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)β角较锐,安氏ⅢⅡ类错(牙合)患者的β角较钝.     

安氏Ⅱ类1分类错畸形Twin-block结合固定正畸双期矫治的临床疗效分析

目的分析双期矫治安氏Ⅱ类1分类错畸形的治疗效果。方法选择安氏Ⅱ类1分类错畸形17例为研究对象,分别进行Ⅰ期Twin-block功能矫治和Ⅱ期固定矫治,并行X线头颅侧位片进行测量,分析治疗前后硬组织的变化。结果经Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期矫治后,患者通过头影测量分析SNB角增大,ANB角减小,前牙覆盖减小。结论对于生长期的以下颌后缩为主的安氏Ⅱ类1分类错,采用双期矫治有明显效果,对于牙型和面型都有明显的改善。     

不同矢状向错颅底形态特征的研究

目的:比较不同矢状向错的颅底形态,探索其规律性。方法:选取均角型错牙合患者56例,年龄10～15岁,包括安氏Ⅰ类组17例;安氏Ⅱ类组20例,安氏Ⅲ类组19例。对三种牙合型进行颅底指标的测量分析,对测量指标进行单因素方差分析和两两比较。结果:从安氏Ⅱ类到安氏Ⅰ类再到安氏Ⅲ类错牙合患者后颅底长度依次缩短并有统计学差异;颅中基底角依次减小并有统计学差异;颅前基底角和后颅底平面角依次增大并有统计学差异。安氏Ⅱ类错的前颅底长度SN减小,安氏Ⅰ类和安氏Ⅲ类的SN长度没有显著的统计学差异。不同矢状向错牙合的颅底角,蝶鞍角,颅基底角,后颅底平面角和SO-Ar距均无统计学差异。结论:矢状向错牙合颅底结构呈现了一定的规律性,说明颅底的生长部分参与了错的形成;后颅底和蝶筛点对矢状向错的形成意义重大。     

广东籍患者安氏Ⅱ1类与Ⅰ类错畸形的三维立体结构分析

目的分析广东籍患者安氏Ⅱ1类错与安氏Ⅰ类错畸形三维立体空间的颅颌面结构特点。方法从门诊随机抽出广东籍安氏Ⅰ类错、安氏Ⅱ1类错畸形患者各60例,摄头颅定位正、侧位片,利用三维X线头影测量系统进行测量,并将两组患者进行比较,进行统计学分析。结果广东籍患者安氏Ⅱ1类错与安氏Ⅰ类错畸形相比较,上颌长度明显增加,上颌较前突,覆盖增大;下颌在长、宽、高三方面均明显减小;覆加深。结论与广东籍安氏Ⅰ类错畸形患者相比,安氏Ⅱ1类错畸形患者上颌长度增加,下颌的长、宽、高均明显减小,上下颌明显不协调。     

安氏Ⅰ类错与安氏Ⅱ~1错患者颅面关系的研究

目的 :探讨安氏Ⅰ类错牙合与安氏Ⅱ1错牙合患者颅面结构的差异。方法 :随机选取 11～ 14岁的年轻恒牙列病例 45例 ,其中安氏Ⅰ类错牙合2 4例 ,安氏Ⅱ1错牙合 2 1例 ,在正中咬合位时拍摄X线头颅定位侧位片 ,比较两者颅面结构的差异。结果 :安氏Ⅱ1错牙合患者SNB、ANB、SNPg、FMA的测量值大于安氏Ⅰ类错牙合患者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而SNA、PP SN、OP SN、GoGn SN的测量值两者间无显著差异。结论 :安氏Ⅰ类错牙合与安氏Ⅱ1类错牙合X线头影测量的主要差异是下颌位置的异常。     

安氏Ⅰ类错与安氏Ⅱ1错患者颅面关系的研究

目的探讨安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)与安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)患者颅面结构的差异.方法随机选取11～14岁的年轻恒牙列病例45例,其中安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)24例,安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)21例,在正中咬合位时拍摄X线头颅定位侧位片,比较两者颅面结构的差异.结果安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)患者SNB、ANB、SNPg、FMA的测量值大于安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)患者(P<0.05),而SNA、PP-SN、OP-SN、GoGn-SN的测量值两者间无显著差异.结论安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)与安氏Ⅱ1类错(牙合)X线头影测量的主要差异是下颌位置的异常.     

矢状骨面型与上气道形态和舌骨位置关系的研究

目的 研究不同矢状骨面型上气道形态和舌骨位置的差异。方法 对182名恒牙早期青少年按ANB角大小分为I类、Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类三种不同矢状骨面型组，三组的年龄、性别相匹配，垂直骨面型以及腺样体情况三组间分布一致。对上气道矢状径和舌骨位置进行X线头影测量分析，并比较三组间的差异。结果三组间鼻咽段和腭咽段矢状径无显著差异；从悬雍垂尖向下，随ANB角的增大咽腔矢状径有减小趋势，Ⅱ类患者的舌咽矢状径显著小于Ⅲ类。舌骨的垂直向位置三组间无显著差异；水平方向上，Ⅲ类、Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类舌骨位置逐渐后移，Ⅱ类和Ⅰ类比Ⅲ类显著后位。结论 以ANB角为代表与面部矢状发育与上气道鼻咽、腭咽和舌骨垂直向位置无明显关系，而对上气道下段的舌咽和舌骨的矢状位置有显著影响，这可能与不同矢状骨面型下颌大小位置发育差异有关。     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters quality of life

Dysphagia is one of the most important complications encountered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Our aim was to determine whether oropharyngeal dysphagia impacted the quality of life (QoL) of patients with ALS. Thirty consecutive patients were recruited (31–82 years, 18 men). Swallowing function was evaluated using a standardised videofluoroscopic barium swallow. All the patients completed a specific questionnaire on quality of life in dysphagia (SWAL‐QoL) immediately after the videofluoroscopy. The results of dysphagia outcome severity scale separated 14 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and 16 with normal swallowing function. There was no difference in the average age, weight and body mass index of the two groups (dysphagic patients: 68 ± 11 kg versus non‐dysphagic patients: 69 ± 14 kg). Most of the dysphagic patients had a bulbar affection based on their Norris scores which determine the importance of cranial nerves illness (20 ± 8), significantly lower than those of the non‐dysphagic patients (35 ± 5) (P < 0·0001). There was no difference in the neurological peripheral symptoms evaluated by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale scores (dysphagic patients: 26 ± 7 versus non‐dysphagic patients: 27 ± 8) (ns). The swallowing quality of life questionnaire revealed that the dysphagic patients had significant burden (P < 0·001). They were affected by the necessity to applied a food selection (P < 0·01), by the increase in eating duration (P < 0·05) and described a decrease in eating desire (P < 0·05). They complained of fear regarding the risk of dysphagia (P < 0·05). They also described difficulties with oral communication (P < 0·001). All of those complained about dysphagia which impacted directly mental health (P < 0·05) and social life (P < 0·05). In conclusion, oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom accompanying ALS, which alters the patient's QoL, especially social health.     

拔牙位点保存用复合温敏凝胶的构建及体外表征

目的:制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合温敏凝胶,探讨其作为拔牙位点保存材料的理化性能。方法:采用原位沉积方法制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(MWNT/ HA简称HAC)复合无机材料,将其分散至壳聚糖温敏凝胶中,制备壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(CS /MWNT/HA简称CS/HAC)复合温敏凝胶,以成胶时间、孔径、孔隙率、机械强度及降解性能为指标优化配方设计,并表征复合温敏凝胶的微观形貌及理化性能。结果:以10 g/L的HAC作为补强成分加入到壳聚糖溶液中,能够在不影响成胶并保证一定孔隙率(84%)的前提下,提高材料的机械性能(抗压强度0.441 MPa),所获复合温敏凝胶具有适宜的临床操作时间(12 min),并具有可控的降解速率。结论:负载HAC的复合温敏凝胶具有良好的成型性,并具有较好的机械性能,在拔牙位点保存领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Interventional neuroradiologic procedures in the head and neck

Interventional radiology and interventional neuroradiology are evolving specialties which can aid the head and neck surgeons in the clinical management of patients with complex vascular lesions.