腹腔镜可调节性胃束带术治疗病态肥胖症的近期疗效

目的 了解腹腔镜可调节性胃束带术(laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding,LAGB)治疗病态肥胖症及伴发病的近期疗效. 方法 2006年10月至2007年12月,对50例病态肥胖症患者(其中伴发2型糖尿病11例、高血压3例、血脂异常15例、脂肪肝28例、睡眠呼吸暂停综合征1例和胆囊结石2例)行LAGB治疗,术后随访6～18个月,平均11.2个月,观察减重效果、伴发病变化及并发症发生情况.结果 术后9个月、12个月和18个月平均体质量指数由术前(39±6)ks/m2分别降至(31±4)kg/m2、(28±7)kg/m2和(27±7)kg/m2(P＜0.05);术后平均超重体重减重百分比分别为30%±11%、42%±13%和45%±13%;术后12个月和18个月超重体重减重百分比＞50%的人数分别达到20%和44%,66%～100%的患者术后12个月和18个月其肥胖相关伴发疾病得到完全缓解或好转.术后发生并发症4例,其中3例经保守治疗、1例经再次手术治疗痊愈.结论 LAGB是一种安全、有效和可行的治疗肥胖症及其相关伴发疾病的方法.     

重视微量营养素的缺乏与诊治

危重病人或病程稍长的病人,可能出现微量营养素缺乏。如不能及时补充可影响疾病的诊治与转归。较为常见的是维生素K缺乏引起的凝血机制障碍;维生素B12缺乏引起的巨幼红细胞贫血;磷缺乏引起的再灌食综合征以及维生素B1缺乏引起的运动共济失调、视觉障碍和心理改变。对于危重应激病人,单纯补充葡萄糖、脂肪和氨基酸这三大营养素,会进一步增加维生素B1的需要量,增加Wernicke脑病的发病率。及时补充微量营养素可消除这些微量营养素缺乏的症状。     

单吻合口胃旁路术治疗病态肥胖症56例疗效分析

目的 探讨单吻合口胃旁路术（OAGB）治疗病态肥胖症及其相关合并症的有效性与安全性。方法 回顾性分析2018年9月至2019年10月首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院普通外科中心实施OAGB的56例肥胖病人的临床资料。结果 56例均顺利完成手术,无中转开腹病例。手术时间为78~262（131.7±30.6）min,术中失血量为20~200（45.2±50.9）mL,术后住院时间为3~7（4.4±1.1）d,每台手术所需钉仓数为5~8（6.7±0.7）个。术后6周内12例（21.4%）发生并发症,其中Clavien-Dindo分级Ⅰ级7例、Ⅱ级4例、Ⅲb级1例。术后3、6、12个月的总体重减少百分比（%TWL）分别为20.0%、26.5%及33.5%。完成术后12个月随访的25例病人中,2型糖尿病、高血压病、高脂血症及高尿酸血症的缓解率分别为100%、83.3%、91.7%及44.4%。结论 OAGB治疗病态肥胖症及其相关合并症安全且有效,术后随访应密切关注胆汁反流和营养不良风险。     

病态肥胖症患者腹腔镜袖状胃切除术前心理状态及影响因素分析

目的:评估病态肥胖症患者行腹腔镜袖状胃切除术前的心理状态，并进一步探讨影响其心理状态的潜在临床指标。方法:回顾分析2020年10月至2021年8月拟行腹腔镜袖状胃切除术的病态肥胖症患者的临床资料，通过心理量表评估其体重内在化歧视、睡眠质量、饮食行为、自尊、生活质量、焦虑及抑郁水平，并与临床指标进行Pearson相关性分析，探讨影响心理状态的潜在因素。结果:最终纳入271例病态肥胖症患者，平均(31.98±7.32)岁，体重指数平均(41.93±7.84)kg/m²,男86例(31.73%)。经评估，其体重内在化歧视量表平均(50.67±11.73)分，匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表平均(7.12±3.57)分，生活质量量表平均(64.96±18.50)分，健康变化平均(32.84±20.88)分，100例(36.90%)存在不同程度的焦虑，108例(39.85%)存在不同程度的抑郁，各基线指标与心理状态显著相关。结论:病态肥胖症患者具有较高的体重内在化歧视、焦虑及抑郁水平，较低的睡眠质量、健康变化得分及生活质量水平。术前心理状态受一系列临床指标影响。严格的术前心理评估有助...     

病态肥胖患者胃减容术的麻醉管理

病态肥胖症（morbid obesity,MO）,特别是合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,OSAS）患者的麻醉给麻醉医师提出了诸多挑战。充分的术前评估和围术期准备是患者平稳渡过围手术期的关键。MO影响多个重要器官,麻醉前评估除了病史及体格检查外,应着重了解循环和呼吸系统的问题,MO患者气管插管可能更困难,应详细评估气道,制定插管备选策略。此外,不同的药代动力学和药效学,围手术期及术后的管理也同样棘手。现通过1例MO患者的病例,讨论分析此类患者适合的麻醉方法和管理技术。     

腹腔镜胃旁路术后患者血浆胆汁酸的变化及其对糖脂代谢的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜胃旁路术后血浆胆汁酸浓度的变化及其对血脂、血糖的影响。方法:选择41例行腹腔镜胃旁路术的2型糖尿病合并肥胖患者作为研究对象,对比分析术前及术后1年BMI、糖脂代谢参数、血浆胆汁酸浓度。结果:与术前相比,术后BMI、糖脂代谢参数、血浆胆汁酸浓度有显著改变。相关性分析得出,术后胆汁酸的变化与糖脂代谢参数的变化显著相关。结论:腹腔镜胃旁路术后患者糖脂代谢的改善可能与血浆胆汁酸浓度升高有关。     

腹腔镜可调控性胃捆扎带减肥术治疗病态肥胖术后并发症的诊治

目的探讨腹腔镜可调控性胃捆扎带减肥术（LAGB）术后并发症的发生及其诊治。方法回顾分析2003年6月至2004年11月23例在我院行LAGB减肥术的病态肥胖患者的临床资料。结果术后出现恶心、呕吐3例,腹部穿刺口感染1例,进食不耐受5例,以上均经保守处理治愈。捆扎带移位1例,行腹腔镜胃捆扎带取出术。注水泵移位1例,行注水泵异位包埋治愈。未出现死亡和血栓栓塞病例。结论LAGB治疗病态肥胖症的术后并发症的诊断和治疗有其特殊性,只要方法得当,可获得良好效果。     

腹腔镜Roux-en-Y胃分流术治疗病态性肥胖合并2型糖尿病

目的 评价腹腔镜Roux-en-Y胃分流术(LRYGB)对病态性肥胖合并2型糖尿病患者的治疗效果,探讨该术式治疗糖尿病的可能机制.方法 前瞻性分析2007年1月至7月美国克利夫兰医院30例体质量指数(BMI)≥35.00合并2型糖尿病的病态性肥胖患者的临床资料,采用t检验分析患者接受LRYGB后的疗效.结果 与术前比较,术后第6个月的BMI、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白明显降低(t=27.399,23.025,15.593,P＜0.05).第2个月治愈率为70%(21/30),第6个月治愈率为90%(27/30),3例糖尿病症状得到改善.进一步分析术后第2个月和第6个月体质量下降程度,改善患者分别为27.89%±5.51%、45.73%±2.82%,治愈患者分别为35.65%±1.97%、58.00%±1.05%,糖尿病治愈患者比改善患者下降幅度大(t=5.755,7.081,P＜0.05).结论 LRYGB对病态性肥胖合并2型糖尿病患者有着良好治疗效果,体质量下降幅度越大,糖尿病治愈可能性就越大.     

重度肥胖患者腹腔镜胃旁路术后味觉的改变

目的:探讨腹腔镜Roux-en-Y胃旁路术(laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass,LRYGB)对重度肥胖患者味觉的影响。方法:前瞻性地选择13例BMI平均为(38.6±3)kg/m2的重度肥胖患者作为研究对象,利用味觉问卷评估患者LRYGB术前及术后3个月的味觉变化情况。结果:术后12人(92.3%)饮食后口味发生了变化,较术前2人(15.4%)差异有统计学意义(P=0.006),患者术后食用甜食、肉类、脂类较术前明显降低,分别为(6.31±1.25)vs.(7.77±1.09)(P=0.000),(6.77±1.01)vs.(8.54±1.13)(P=0.000),(5.85±1.28)vs.(6.77±1.3)(P=0.004),手术前后在"甜食口感下降、咸食口感下降及总体口感下降"3方面均存在明显差异,分别为:0 vs.61.5%(P=0.008),0 vs.46.2%(P=0.031),15.4%vs.84.6%(P=0.039),肥胖患者术后对"味觉在享受食物的重要性"的认可度,由术前的(6.92±1.38)上升至(8.46±0.78),差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论:术后患者对食物、饮料的口味发生了变化,并且出现部分味觉受损,尤其对甜食、咸食、总体口感的下降影响了肥胖患者LRYGB术后食物的摄入量。     

腹腔镜胃旁路术治疗肥胖合并2型糖尿病的临床效果

目的:探讨腹腔镜Roux-en-Y胃旁路术(laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass,LRYGB)治疗肥胖合并2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的临床效果。方法:回顾分析2009年3月至2013年5月为7例肥胖合并T2DM患者行LRYGB的临床资料,随访3年,分析手术前后糖脂代谢指标的变化。结果:7例手术均获成功,无_例中转幵腹,术前体重指数(body mass index,BMI)≥27.5 kg/m~2,与术前相比,术后3年BMI下降[(26.47±1.24)vs.(29.87±2.17),P0.05],空腹血糖[(5.90±0.76)vs.(8.24±2.19),P0.05]、糖化血红蛋白HbA1c[(6.28±0.42)vs.(8.06±1.73),P0.05]、总胆固醇[(4.27±0.22)vs.(5.10±0.49),P0.05]、三酰甘油[(1.59±0.10)vs.(1.97±0.14),P0.05]、低密度脂蛋白[(2.67±0.32)vs.(3.22±0.12),P0.05]、高密度脂蛋白[(1.14±0.06)vs.(1.04±0.05),P0.05]较术前均有明显改善。术后患者均无严重并发症发生。结论:LRYGB治疗肥胖合并T2DM可显著降低患者的BMI,改善血糖、血脂水平,手术安全、有效,值得临床推广应用。     

腹腔镜下管状胃切除术和可调节胃绑带术对肥胖患者的影响

目的 比较腹腔镜下管状胃切除术（LSG）和腹腔镜下可调节胃绑带术（LAGB）两种手术方式对于肥胖患者的减肥效果以及对于伴随肥胖而产生的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的改善情况,探讨何种方式具有优势.方法 检索PubMed、Embase、万方、知网数据库从2000年1月1日-2012年8月17日公开发表的关于LSG和LAGB的文献,采用RevMan 5.0统计软件进行分析,比较通过这两种手术方式后6个月和12个月患者体重的减轻程度以及对T2DM的改善情况,通过选择计算相对危险度（95％ CI）作为效应尺度指标来评估这两种方式的有效性.结果 11篇关于腹腔镜下管状胃切除术和腹腔镜下可调节胃绑带术的比较的研究符合要求,共计1 004例患者.Meta分析显示,对于LAGB,6个月的平均的促进体重减轻（EWL）（年）百分比是33.9％,12个月的EWL（年）百分比是37.8％.对于LSG,6个月的平均EWL为50.6％,而12个月的EWL则达到了51.8％.68例T2DM患者中有42例（61.8％）在经过LAGB手术后病情得到改善或治愈,80例行LSG的T2DM患者中有66例（82.5％）得到改善或治愈.结论 相对于LAGB,LSG是一个更加有效的方式,在改善病态肥胖和T2DM上具有更加良好的效果.     

Gastrojejunal strictures following laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity

Background Gastrojejunal strictures following laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGBP) present with dysphagia, nausea, and vomiting. Diagnosis is made by endoscopy and/or radiographic studies. Therapeutic options include endoscopic dilation and surgical revision.Methods Of 369 LRYGBP performed, 19 patients developed anastomotic stricture (5.1%). One additional patient was referred from another facility. Pneumatic balloons were used for initial dilation in all patients. Savary-Gilliard bougies were used for some of the subsequent dilations.Results Flexible endoscopy was diagnostic in all 20 patients allowing dilation in 18 (90%). Two patients did not undergo endoscopic dilation because of anastomotic obstruction and ulcer. The median time to stricture development was 32 days (range: 17–85). Most patients (78%) required more than two dilations. The complication rate was 1.6% (one case of microperforation). At a mean follow-up of 21 months, all patients were symptom-free.Conclusions Gastrojejunostomy stricture following LRYGBP is associated with substantial morbidity and patient dissatisfaction. Based on our experience, we propose a clinical grading system and present our strategy for managing gastrojejunal strictures.Presented as a poster of distinction at the 12th Congress of the European Association of Endoscopic Surgery, Barcelona, Spain, June 2004     

Quality of life fo11owing laparoscopic gastric banding in patients with morbid obesity

In a prospective study of 188 patients with morbid obesity, the time-dependent changes in the quality of life of individual patients were analyzed following laparoscopic gastric banding (LGB). These 188 patients (148 females and 40 males; age 19 to 59 years; body mass index 33 to 72 kg/m²) underwent evaluation of the LGB according to a strict protocol that included psychological testing using standardized instruments, detailed medical evaluation, upper gastrointestinal function studies, and evaluation of quality of life using the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI). F0llowing this evaluation, 73 patients (57 females and 16 males; age 37 years [range 19 to 59 years]; body mass index 48 kg/m² [range 37 to 72 kg/m²]) underwent LGB and were followed up for 2 years focusing on weight loss, postoperative morbidity, weight-related comorbidity, and quality of life. The results demonstrate that LGB is well able to allow for a significant loss of excess weight and a significant improvement in patients’ quality of life, both after a rather short period of time after surgery and at a continuous rate throughout the follow-up. The price for this success that was found in approximately 90% of patients is a complication rate of 38%; 85% of these patients, almost one third of all patients, must undergo some type of revision surgery. However, once the complications are resolved, these patients achieve the same level of weight loss and improvement in quality of life as patients with an uncomplicated postoperative course. Presented in part at the Forty-First Annual Meeting of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, San Diego, Calif., May 2l–24, 2000.     

Alternative operative techniques in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity.

The only effective treatment for patients with morbid obesity is surgery. Laparoscopic bariatric surgery has become quite popular in attempts to decrease the morbidity associated with laparotomy. In this article, we describe the technical details of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with three different techniques for creating the 15-cc gastric pouch. These techniques avoid upper endoscopy for the transoral introduction of the 21-mm circular stapler anvil down to the gastric pouch.     

腹腔镜可调节捆扎带胃减容与袖状胃切除术治疗病态肥胖症对比分析

【摘要】目的 评价腹腔镜可调节捆扎带胃减容术及袖状胃切除术治疗病态肥胖症的效果。方法 2006年3月至2007年7月中国医科大学附属盛京医院对23例肥胖病人施行腹腔镜减肥手术,其中17例施行腹腔镜可调节捆扎带胃减容术（LAGB）,6例施行腹腔镜袖状胃切除术（LSG）,对其疗效进行随访观察。 结果 施行腹腔镜可调节捆扎带胃减容术或袖状胃切除术者均获得12个月以上的随访,术后减重效果理想,无营养不良症状。 结论 袖状胃切除术操作简单、无异物植入体内、并发症少,利于开展此项手术。但两种术式远期疗效仍需深入研究、对比观察。     

Preoperative nutritional status of patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity

Few data exist concerning preoperative nutritional status in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. We retrospectively analyzed the preoperative values of serum albumin, calcium, 25-OH vitamin D, iron, ferritin, hemoglobin, vitamin B₁₂, and thiamine in 379 consecutive patients (320 women and 59 men; mean body mass index 51.8±10.6 kg/m²; 25.8% white, 28.4% African American, 45.8% Hispanic) undergoing bariatric surgery between 2002 and 2004. Preoperative deficiencies were noted for iron (43.9%), ferritin (8.4%), hemoglobin (22%; women 19.1%, men 40.7%), thiamine (29%), and 25-OH vitamin D (68.1%). Low ferritin levels were more prevalent in females (9.9% vs. 0%; P=0.01); however, anemia was more prevalent in males (19.1% vs. 40.7%; P<0.005). Patients younger than 25 years were more likely to be anemic than patients over 60 years (46% vs. 15%; P<0.005). This correlated with iron deficiency, which was more prevalent in younger patients (79.2% vs. 41.7%; P<0.005). Whites (78.8%) and African Americans (70.4%) had a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency than Hispanics (56.4%), P=0.01. Whites were the least likely group to be thiamine deficient (6.8% vs 31.0% African Americans and 47.2% Hispanics; P<0.005). Nutritional deficiencies are common in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and these deficiencies should be detected and corrected early to avoid postoperative complications. Presented at the Forty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, New Orleans, Louisiana, May 15–19, 2004.     

腹腔镜可调节捆扎带胃减容术对病态肥胖患者免疫功能的影响

目的比较病态肥胖症(MO)患者行腹腔镜可调节捆扎带胃减容术(LAGB)手术前后的免疫功能。方法MO组15例,平均体重指数(BMI)358kg/m2,于2003年6月2003年10月行LAGB,监测手术后体重变化。并于术前、术后1、3、6个月测定外周血T淋巴细胞总数(TLC)、T细胞亚群(CD+3、CD+4、CD+8、CD+4/CD+8)、自然杀伤细胞(NKC)百分比、血浆白细胞介素2(IL2)、白细胞介素6(IL6)浓度等免疫指标。对照组15例,平均BMI236kg/m2,入院时检测上述指标。应用SPSS110统计分析软件对各组数据进行统计学分析。结果MO组与对照组相比,术前CD+4、CD+4/CD+8显著降低(P<001),血浆IL2、IL6浓度显著升高(P<001)。LAGB术后6月体重、BMI、腰围及臀围均明显下降(P<001)。与术前相比,MO组术后6个月CD+4、CD+4/CD+8明显升高(P<005),但仍低于对照组(P<001);IL2、IL6浓度明显降低(P<001,P<005)。结论MO患者合并免疫功能异常,LAGB术后体重减轻后,免疫功能可部分改善。     

腹腔镜胃肠部分切除术治疗重度肥胖症

目的 探讨腹腔镜下袖套式胃大部切除和部分小肠切除术治疗重度肥胖症的手术方法、安全性和近期疗效.方法 从2006年12月至2007年9月,为10例重度肥胖症患者进行了腹腔镜下袖套式胃大部切除和部分小肠切除术.手术包括3部分:(1)自大弯侧距幽门5～6 cm处起垂直向上至贲门左侧His角,用内镜下切割吻合器向上切除大弯侧胃,保留和形成宽约2～3 cm的小弯侧管状胃;(2)切除大网膜;(3)切除约1/3～2/5的小肠.结果 本组10例腹腔镜下袖套式胃大部切除和部分小肠切除术全部完成,无1例需中转开腹手术.手术中位时间3.1 h,无术后并发症,术后平均住院7 d.10例患者术前平均体质量指数为36.1 ks/m2,术后1个月、3个月和6个月平均体质量指数分别减少了4.1 ks/m2、5.6 ks/m2和7.3 ks/m2,平均体重分别减轻11.7 kg、17.5 kg和22.0 kg.结论 腹腔镜下袖套式胃大部切除和部分小肠切除术治疗重度肥胖症安全性高、近期疗效满意.     

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity.

Surgery is currently the only effective treatment for morbid obesity. The two most commonly accepted operations are the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical banded gastroplasty. Although multiple authors have reported on a laparoscopic approach to gastric banding, the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is a complex operation to be replicated using laparoscopic techniques. In this article, we describe our technique of the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass using a laparoscopic approach in four cases.