Ultrasound appearance of schistosomiasis of the testis

Schistosomiasis of the testis is rare and its ultrasound findings have not previously been documented in the English medical literature. This case report describes the ultrasound appearances of a case of schistosomiasis of the testis in a 33-year-old male who had recently travelled to Egypt. The ultrasound findings are those of a solid testicular mass with a heterogeneous echotexture identical to that of most testicular malignancies.     

Hydrometrocolpos: diagnosis and follow-up by ultrasound--a case report

Hydrometrocolpos is accumulation of secretions in the vagina and uterus, caused by excessive intrauterine stimulation of the infant's cervical mucous glands by maternal oestrogen in the presence of an intact hymen (Wilson et al 1978). Hydrocolpos is dilatation of the vagina proximal to a congenital obstruction. If the uterus is also dilated, the condition is called hydrometrocolpos. Most cases of hydrocolpos are associated with an imperforate hymen that forms a thin bulging membrane between the labia. Though many cases of hydrometrocolpos have been reported in literature, there is no case report which shows classical ultrasound findings and follow up ultrasound scans to show the involuted uterus. We are presenting a case report whose diagnosis was established on ultrasound. This case highlights the value of ultrasound in diagnosing this condition and excluding other associated renal anomalies.     

三维超声在中、晚期妊娠胎儿体表成像中的临床应用

目的利用三维超声成像技术对胎儿体表结构进行实时三维超声取像,以探讨三维超声成像在中晚期妊娠胎儿体表结构成像中的临床应用价值。方法使用Philips iU22三维容积探头对600例17～38周的胎儿体表结构进行实时三维超声取像。结果 600例胎儿中共检出体表畸形5例：1例胎儿露脑畸形,1例胎儿脊柱侧弯,1例胎儿唇裂,1例胎儿脐膨出,1例胎儿颈部淋巴水囊瘤。其余胎儿体表结构均正常。本组三维体表结构成像成功率为87.2%。胎儿体表结构成像的最佳时间：肢体、脊柱在孕16～22周;颜面部在孕26～30周。结论三维超声在胎儿体表结构成像中图像逼真直观,可提供丰富的胎儿体表结构的诊断信息,可作为二维超声的补充,在胎儿的产前诊断中发挥重要的作用。     

Hydatid cysts in breast: mammography and ultrasound findings

A case of a 48-year-old woman with hydatid disease of the breast is presented. The ultrasound and mammogram findings are shown and an uncommon ultrasound appearance of hydatid cyst in the breast is discussed.     

Real-time ultrasound scanning in the planning and guidance of pericardiocentesis

Real-time ultrasound scanning is a rapid and readily available way of detecting pericardial fluid. We have successfully and safely used real-time ultrasound scanning to plan and guide pericardiocentesis on 24 occasions in the last 2 years, in each case for therapeutic purposes in patients with malignant pericardial effusions. The procedure may be readily performed in the ultrasound department or on the ward. We advise the use of real-time ultrasound guidance in all instances of pericardiocentesis.     

Ultrasound findings of distal umbilical artery calcification: A case report

Umbilical artery calcification is a rare finding with only a small number of cases reported on radiographs. To date, no cases have been described on ultrasound. Reported cases were limited to the horizontal segment of the medial umbilical ligament. This case report presents a unique case of ultrasound findings of bilateral umbilical artery calcification within the vertical (distal) segment of the medial umbilical ligament.     

Imaging findings of spontaneous detachment of the deltoid muscle as a complication of massive rotator cuff tear

A tear at the origin of the deltoid muscle is uncommon and usually occurs as a complication of shoulder surgery. We report a case of spontaneous deltoid detachment as a complication of massive rotator cuff tear in a 70-year-old woman evaluated by standard radiographs, ultrasound, arthrography and MR-arthrography. We present the multimodality imaging findings with review of the literature. We found that ultrasound is an accurate modality in detecting and assessing spontaneous detachment of the deltoid muscle. As ultrasound is a noninvasive, low-cost, and universally available imaging modality we suggest using ultrasound as the first modality for evaluation of spontaneous detachment of the deltoid muscle.     

Left adrenal pseudomass. Apropos of a case of splenorenal anastomosis by the vein of the left pillar of the diaphragm

A case of hepatocarcinoma on cirrhosis with portal hypertension is described. The anatomy of splenorenal anastomoses and their ultrasound and CT scan imaging characteristics are reviewed, and the interest of differential diagnosis from adrenal masses emphasized. Its importance is enhanced by the fact that the portal hypertension may be unrecognized as in the present case. Diagnostic effectiveness of ultrasound and CT scan imaging is discussed.     

Ultrasound of the pelvis and renal tract combined with a plain film of abdomen in young women with urinary tract infection: can it replace intravenous urography? A prospective study

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in women and intravenous urography (IVU) is a frequently requested radiological investigation for recurrent UTI. The aim of this study was to assess whether pelvic and renal ultrasound combined with a plain film of the abdomen (KUB) could replace IVU as the initial radiological investigation in young women with recurrent UTI. Ninety-four young women with recurrent UTI who were referred for IVU were studied. Ultrasound of the pelvis and renal tract was performed, and information obtained from ultrasound and KUB was compared with that obtained from the IVU examination. Patient management was altered as a result of radiological investigation in eight cases. A case of staghorn calculus and a case of pelviureteric junction obstruction were diagnosed by both IVU and ultrasound with KUB. An intrarenal abscess was diagnosed by ultrasound in a patient with a normal IVU. In addition ultrasound demonstrated significant findings in the pelvis, including ovarian and uterine abnormalities and an ectopic and an intrauterine pregnancy. In all cases the patient had symptoms referable to the urinary tract and a history of documented UTI. The KUB did not yield any unsuspected finding not diagnosed by ultrasound, but did serve to delineate more clearly the extent of calculus disease in two patients. We suggest that ultrasound of the pelvis and renal tract combined with a KUB should be the radiological investigation of choice in young women with UTI.     

Early myositis ossificans: a new echographic sign

A case of soft tissue swelling of the thigh in which myositis ossificans developed is presented. A series of ultrasound examinations showed previously unreported changes which suggested the diagnosis. The use of ultrasound and other imaging modalities in this condition are discussed and the ultrasound appearances are related to the histology.     

三维超声诊断胎儿肢体畸形的临床应用

目的探讨三维超声在产前诊断胎儿肢体畸形中的临床应用价值。方法对1526例孕妇进行三维超声检查,并与引产及生产结果对照。结果16例胎儿肢体畸形的孕妇产前三维超声准确诊断14例,诊断不全1例,漏诊1例。本组产前三维超声诊断的准确率为93．75％,漏诊率6．25％。结论三维超声可以明显提高胎儿肢体畸形产前诊断的准确性,其图像生动逼真,有利于临床医师及患者全面了解胎儿肢体的解剖结构及畸形状况,为临床处置方案的制定提供较为客观的依据。     

Transvaginal ultrasound diagnosis of a live twin tubal ectopic pregnancy

A case of live twin tubal ectopic pregnancy diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound is presented. This is a rare occurrence and we have calculated the incidence to be approximately 1:125,000 pregnancies. There have been more than 100 case reports of twin tubal ectopic pregnancy but only four previous reports where two foetal heart motions have been visualized. The introduction of high-resolution transvaginal ultrasound has resulted in earlier diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy and contributed to the decrease in morbidity that has occurred over recent years.     

Cholelithiasis in a 5-year-old girl--case report

A case of cholelithiasis in a 5-year-old girl is presented in which the main symptom was recurrent pain of the upper abdomen. The diagnosis was made by ultrasound examination of the abdomen and confirmed at surgery. Possible etiological factors of gallstones in children are discussed and the role of abdominal ultrasound examination is emphasized.     

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood

A case of multifocal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPN) in childhood diagnosed by ultrasound, computed tomography and needle biopsy is described. Following antibiotic therapy, ultrasound and a DMSA renal scintiscan showed no discernible scarring and restoration of function. This has not been previously described.     

Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal management of congenital unilateral hydrocephalus for stenosis of the foramen of Monro

Congenital hydrocephalus and ventriculomegaly can be diagnosed reliably with prenatal ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Unilateral hydrocephalus is uncommon, and the prognosis depends on etiology and postnatal management. Here, we present a case of a 32-years-old woman with prenatal diagnosis of unilateral hydrocephalus associated with stenosis of the foramen of Monro. Unilateral hydrocephalus is an uncommon feature that can be detected prenatally on ultrasound and MRI. In case of isolated stenosis of the foramen of Monro prognosis is good.     

Sonographische Diagnostik diffuser Lebererkrankungen

The current improvements in modern high resolution ultrasound technology, like Tissue Harmonic Imaging (THI), Speckle Reduction Imaging (SRI), partial color coding of B-mode (Color Coded Imaging), and also the advent of ultrasound based elastography as well as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) offer fundamentally new ways to characterize diffuse alterations of the liver parenchyma. Besides metabolic disease, disorders of liver fat distribution, infectious and malignant diseases can cause diffuse alterations of the liver parenchyma. In case of liver fibrosis, only a combination of different ultrasound techniques including CEUS, allows the differentiation between benign dysplastic and malignant lesions. Ultrasound elastography allows assessing the extent of the fibrosis. This article focuses on the different ultrasound based diagnostic possibilities in case of diffuse liver disease.     

Traumatic testicular rupture: Multimodality imaging with intraoperative correlate

Traumatic testicular rupture is a rare yet serious condition most commonly seen in penetrating trauma victims (e.g. gunshot wounds or motorcycle collisions) that requires immediate surgical management given its potential complications of hypogonadism and infertility. While ultrasound is the most established modality for diagnosing testicular rupture, trauma patients are usually first evaluated with a trauma protocol computed tomography (CT) exam including the chest, abdomen, and pelvis upon presentation, so it is important to recognize CT findings of testicular injury. We present a novel case in which the suspicion for testicular injury was initially raised based upon CT findings of scrotal hematoma/fluid. These findings were then further characterized with ultrasound and confirmed at surgery. In this case, we provide intraoperative imaging that corresponds clearly to findings seen on both CT and ultrasound.     

超声引导下介入性治疗155例妇科囊性病变

目的 :探讨妇科囊性病变超声引导下介入性治疗的适应证、有效性及安全性。材料和方法 :妇科囊性病变患者15 5例 ,经腹或经阴道超声引导下介入治疗。结果 :15 3例治疗成功 ,抽出液量为 2 4～ 2 14 5ml(仅 1例未抽出液体 ) ,2例巧克力囊肿治疗不成功。治疗后复查见囊性病变显著缩小或完全消失 ( 1例巧克力囊肿除外 )。卵巢癌术后包裹性积液中查出癌细胞。治疗副作用包括虚脱 3例、感染 1例。结论 :妇科囊性病变超声引导下介入治疗适应症广 ,有效、安全 ,也较经济。     

Ultrasound diagnosis of testicular tumours presenting as epididymal disease

A prospective study of 1494 new referrals for scrotal ultrasound was performed over a 5 year period. In 610 patients referred with a clear clinical diagnosis of epididymal disease, and no clinical suspicion of malignancy, ultrasound diagnosed unsuspected testicular tumours (seven malignant, one benign) in eight patients. In this series one case was counted as false negative for ultrasound diagnosis of tumour, as tumour was the differential diagnosis and not the primary diagnosis. No other patients diagnosed as having benign disease by ultrasound have subsequently been shown to have malignant disease. Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for the diagnosis of testicular malignancy in this series is 98% and 99.8% respectively. It is concluded that all patients with scrotal symptoms should be examined by ultrasound in order to achieve the maximal clinical benefit from the early diagnosis of testicular tumours. The implications of this are discussed.     

False aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery--a complication of pancreatitis

Early recognition of pseudocyst formation in pancreatitis has been a very important contribution of diagnostic ultrasound. Furthermore, haemorrhage or abscess formation, an additional complication, can also be suspected by this diagnostic modality. False aneurysm formation of a larger, neighbouring artery is not easily recognized by ultrasound. It is for this reason that this case report is made.