Autoantibodies against oxidized LDL correlate with serum concentrations of ceruloplasmin in patients with cardiovascular disease

BACKGROUND: Ceruloplasmin (CP) has been suggested to play a role in the oxidative modification of LDL. The correlation between autoantibodies against oxidized LDL (anti-oxLDL), markers of oxidative stress, and the concentration of CP has not been previously investigated. We examined the status of these parameters in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and stable angina. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from patients with MI (n=56), stable angina (n=96) and from healthy controls (n=109). Levels of CP and copper were determined using turbidimetry and atomic absorption spectrophotometry, respectively. Levels of anti-oxLDL were obtained by ELISA. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of CP, copper and anti-oxLDL were significantly higher in both groups of patients than those in controls. Among patient groups, concentrations of CP and copper were not significantly different, however, the concentrations of anti-oxLDL were higher in MI patients than that in angina (P=0.001), and were greatly influenced by underlying conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and smoking. Significant positive correlation was observed between serum concentrations of both CP and copper and the concentrations of anti-oxLDL in both patient groups but not in controls. CONCLUSIONS: High concentrations of anti-oxLDL suggest an increase in oxidative stress that would contribute to disease severity. The observed correlation of CP with anti-oxLDL may suggest a possible pro-oxidative activity of CP in patients with cardiovascular disease.     

动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病患者血清miR-103b检测的临床价值

摘要:目的探讨动脉 粥样硬化性心血管疾病( atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease, ASCVD)患者血清miR-103b的表达水平变化及其临床应用价值。方法选取2021 年1月至2022年11月在东部战区总医院心血管内科确诊的ASCVD患者以及同期体检的健康人对照血清标本各80例。采用实时荧光定量PCR( qRT-PCR)检测各组血清miR-103b的表达水平;运用ROC .曲线、Spearman相关性分析血清miR-103b 对ASCVD 的预测及评估价值。结果qRT-PCR 结果显示,与健康人对照组[0.000 2(0.000 08 ,0.000 4)]相比, ASCVD患者血清miR- 103b的表达水平[0.000 9(0.000 5,0.003 3)]显著升高,差异有统计学意义(U=1 069, P<0.001)。Spearman 相关分析显示,血清miR-103b与心肌肌钙蛋白I(r=0.322 ,P<0.05)、心肌肌钙蛋白T(r= 0.298 ,P<0.05)、肌酸激酶MB同工酶(r=0.393,P<0.05)、总胆固醇(r=0.290, P<0.001).低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(r=0.268 ,P<0.001)均呈正相关,而与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(r=-0.313,P<0.001)呈负相关。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清miR-103b水平区分ASCVD患者及健康人对照者的ROC曲线下面积( AUCROC)为0.854( 95%CI:0.791 ~0.917),敏感性为73.26% ,特异性为83.92%。结论ASCVD 患者血清miR-103b的表达水平上调,可作为ASCVD潜在的辅助诊断生物学标志物。     

心血管疾病患者合并肺部感染的病原菌及耐药性分析

目的研究心血管患者合并肺部感染的病原菌及耐药情况。方法对252例心血管疾病合并肺部感染患者的痰标本进行细菌培养和菌种鉴定,并作药敏测定。结果肺部感染以G-杆菌居多(70.91%),其中肺炎克雷伯菌为最主要的致病菌;G+球菌其次(19.63%);真菌占9.46%。药敏试验显示:大多数G-杆菌对广谱抗生素耐药,对碳青霉烯类、阿米卡星有较高的敏感性;G+球菌对替考拉宁、万古霉素等有较高敏感性,其余耐药性差异大。结论临床上应根据病原菌对抗菌药物的敏感性及耐药性特征,合理选用抗菌药物。     

Fatigue in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Fatigue is a frequent complaint during cardiovascular disease and can sometimes constitute the first clinical manifestation of this disease. It is responsible for deterioration of the quality of life and prognosis. Although physical and mental fatigue are often intimately interrelated, these two aspects of fatigue correspond to different pathophysiological mechanisms and different clinical features and the neurobiological links between the two are only just beginning to be studied. Physical fatigue is related to loss of efficacy of the effector muscle, due to multiple causes: mismatch of cardiac output during exercise, muscle and microcirculatory deconditioning, neuroendocrine dysfunction, associated metabolic disorders. Mental fatigue corresponds to predominantly depressive mood disorders with a particular entity, vital exhaustion. The diagnostic approach is designed to eliminate other organic causes of fatigue. Functional tests investigating physical (exercise capacity) and mental dimensions (mood disorders) can be used to analyse their respective roles and to propose personalized management, in which rehabilitation has an essential place due to its global approach. The objective of this reduction of fatigue is threefold: to improve independence, to improve quality of life and to limit morbidity and mortality.     

Psychopharmacological treatment of patients complicated with cardiovascular disease

We've had many opportunities of treating psychiatric problems of patients with cardiovascular diseases(CVD). Several studies have shown the close relationship between psychological factors and CVD. Depression and anxiety increase a prevalence of and worsen a prognosis of CVD. Looking at these patients, we must consider the following: psychotropics-induced hypotension and QT prolongation (antipsychotics and tricyclic antidepressants), cardiovascular drugs induced psychiatric symptoms(diuretics), and cardiac and psychiatric drugs interaction, especially in cytochrome P450 activity(fluvoxamine and paroxetine). Besides a psychopharmacological treatment, psychological approaches based on a therapeutic relationship are important in a cardiac rehabilitation setting.     

老年心血管疾病患者的护理体会

<正>随着我国进入老龄化社会,老年患者也在不断增加,这对心血管内科护士的工作提出了更高的要求。心血管疾病主要包括高血压、心肌梗死、心绞痛以及心力衰竭等。由于自身的基础疾病,再加上老年人生理因素,老年患者在住院期间存在不同的心理问题,     

冠心病患者血清胆红素水平48例临床分析

目的分析血清总胆红素在冠心病发病机制中的作用。方法对48例冠心病患者与80例健康体检者的血清以酶法比色检测对比分析。结果冠心病组血清胆红素水平低于对照组，血清TG、LDL-C高于对照组（P〈0．05）：结论血清总胆红素可能通过抗氧化作用抑制氧自由基对LDL-C的氧化修饰而起到防止动脉粥样硬化的作用。     

不同性别冠心病患者血管病变程度的比较分析

目的研究不同性别的需行PCI的冠心病患者的血管病变严重程度,旨在为不同性别的冠心病患者采取行之有效的二级预防措施提供循证医学证据。方法选择已成功施行PCI手术的262例冠心病患者,对患者的常见的危险因素严格测量评估,根据患者不同血管病变严重程度的危险因素进行分组比较。结果研究结果显示,在侵犯病变血管男性和女性几乎一致,而在病变严重程度二者更是趋于一致。不同性别冠心病患者血管病变严重程度LM、LAD、LCX和RCA男性分别为25（11．8％）、176（83．4％）、105（49．8％）和148（70．1％）。女性患者为6（11．8％）、43（84．3％）、22（43．1％）、36（70．6％）;构成比比较男女患者无差别,差异无显著意义,P〉0．05。结论研究结果提示,尽管女性患者比男性患者需行支架植入大约推迟5年,而且随着年龄增长,二者病变血管和血管病变严重程度并无区别,而女性患者随着年龄增长,患高血压的病人比男性患者多;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）可能是女性患者的保护因素。     

Exercise training for patients with cardiovascular disease.

This review surveys effort training, a validated and recommended therapy, in patients with atheromatous cardiovascular disease. This true therapy reduces mortality by 25-35%, reduces clinical manifestations and complications (rhythm problems, thrombosis) and improves physical capacity, reintegration and quality of life. The effects are essentially linked to improved metabolic performance of muscles and reduced endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance and neurohormonal abnormalities. Training also has an impact on the evolution of major risk factors, especially diabetes and arterial hypertension. The risks are limited as long as the contraindications are respected and the programmes supervised. The indications (stable angina, chronic heart failure, peripheral arterial disease) should be described more precisely by taking into account functional criteria: physical deconditioning, exclusion, compliance, mood swings, and seriousness of risk factors. The training programme should be tailor made and based on evaluation of the patient's adaptation to effort, in terms of frequency, intensity and duration of the exercises. Various types of exercise include overall or segmental physical training; concentric, eccentric, even isokinetic muscle contraction exercises; and proprioceptive rehabilitation. However, knowledge is lacking about the molecular mechanisms of the effects of training, the most effective intensity of effort, and strategies to develop physical activity in this ever-growing population for both primary and secondary prevention.     

血清视黄醇结合蛋白与维持性血液透析终末期肾病患者心血管事件的关系

目的:探究血清视黄醇结合蛋白(retinol binding protein,RBP)与维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)终末期肾病患者发生心血管事件的关系。方法:回顾性分析2017年3月至2020年3月于海南医学院第二附属医院行MHD治疗的100例终末期肾病患者的临床资料,收集所有患者一般资料与入院后24h内血清RBP水平,根据治疗期间是否发生心血管事件将患者分为事件组(n=41)和非事件组(n=59)。采用单因素及logistic回归模型分析相关指标与MHD终末期肾病患者发生心血管事件的关系,并采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)曲线分析RBP对MHD终末期肾病患者发生心血管事件的评估价值。结果:与非事件组相比,事件组年龄明显更大,透析时间更长,三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、肌钙蛋白(Troponin,cTnT)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、血肌酐(serum creatinine,SCr)、免疫反应性甲状旁腺素(immunoreactive parathyroid hormone,iPTH)及RBP水平均明显更高(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:年龄(OR=1.369)、透析时间(OR=1.595)、cTnT(OR=1.082)、CRP(OR=1.059)及RBP(OR=2.793)均是MHD终末期肾病患者发生心血管事件的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示:血清RBP水平预测MHD终末期肾病患者发生心血管事件的曲线下面积为0.769(95%CI:0.662~0.855),敏感度为75.61%,特异度为70.73%,最佳截断值为178.08mg/L。结论:高水平RBP是MHD终末期肾病患者发生心血管事件的独立危险因素,对MHD终末期肾病患者发生心血管事件具有重要预测价值。     

Interventional revascularization for cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for cardiac mortality. Accelerated atherosclerosis is frequently seen in patients with CKD. However, even in drug eluting stent era, higher restenosis rate after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary artery disease remains a clinical limitation in patients with CKD. Similar tendency is also seen when treated with endovascular therapy (EVT) for peripheral artery disease. Thus, management for atherosclerotic disease is very difficult in patients with CKD. Recent reports have shown that improvement of devices and/or intensive medical treatment may contribute better clinical outcomes after PCI or EVT in patients with CKD. In addition, inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein may predict worse clinical outcomes including restenosis in such population.     

维持性血液透析患者心血管疾病与微炎症状态

维持性透析患者的主要并发症和死亡原因是心脑血管疾病，它严重影响着透析患者的生存质量及生存期，因此我们应该早期认识，积极预防和治疗心血管并发症。透析患者的心血管疾病包括：心脏、脑血管、外周血管病变。     

Glycaemic control in critically ill patients with cardiovascular disease

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The role of hyperglycaemia in the pathogenesis of myocardial damage during cardiac surgery or patients with acute coronary syndromes has been the subject of increasing interest over the past few years. Several further trials and meta-analyses investigating the role of insulin treatment, either aimed at tight control of blood glucose concentration or as part of a regimen including glucose and potassium, have been reported recently and are the subject of this review. RECENT FINDINGS: Good control of blood glucose has been demonstrated to improve outcomes for diabetic patients undergoing cardiac surgery and following acute myocardial infarction. In surgical intensive care patients, tight glucose control improved mortality--a finding that is awaiting confirmation in multicentre studies. The use of glucose-insulin-potassium regimens does not improve outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction who have undergone reperfusion therapy, but may be beneficial during cardiac surgery. SUMMARY: Tight control of blood glucose has been shown to be beneficial in several patient groups. The optimal target glucose concentration and glucose and insulin regimens remain to be confirmed or determined in each clinical situation.     

Elevated serum levels of S-adenosylhomocysteine, but not homocysteine, are associated with cardiovascular disease in stage 5 chronic kidney disease patients

OBJECTIVE: The putative role of sulfur amino acids such as homocysteine (tHcy) as cardiovascular risk factors is controversial in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) levels have been linked to CVD in non-renal populations, such relationship has not been evaluated in CKD. DESIGN: Serum concentrations of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), SAH and total homocysteine (tHcy) were determined by HPLC in 124 CKD stage 5 patients (GFR range 1-11 m/min) and 47 control subjects, and related to renal function, presence of CVD, inflammation and protein-energy wasting (PEW). RESULTS: The levels of SAM and SAH were higher in CKD patients than in controls. Both SAM (rho=-0.19; P<0.05) and SAH (rho=-0.37, P<0.001) were inversely related to GFR. The concentrations of SAH were significantly higher (P<0.001) in patients with CVD than in non-CVD patients, (683 (201-3057) vs 485 (259-2620) nmol/L; median (range)) as opposed to tHcy levels, which were lower in CVD patients. While SAH was not associated with the presence of inflammation or PEW, it was a significant contributor (OR; 4.9 (CI 1.8-12.8), P<0.001) to CVD in a multinomial logistic regression model (pseudo r(2)=0.31). CONCLUSION: Concentrations of serum SAH and SAM in CKD stage 5 patients are associated with renal function, but not with inflammation or PEW. Among the investigated sulfur amino acids, only SAH was independently associated with the presence of clinical signs of CVD. These findings suggest that while tHcy might be influenced by a number of confounding uremic factors, SAH levels may better reflect the putative increased cardiovascular risk of sulfur amino acid alterations in CKD patients.     

Added value of cardiovascular calcifications for prediction of recurrent cardiovascular events and cardiovascular interventions in patients with established cardiovascular disease

The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - The purpose is to investigate the added prognostic value of coronary artery calcium (CAC), thoracic aortic calcium (TAC), and heart valve...