糖尿病与冠心病患者心率变异性分析

目的 探讨糖尿病与冠心病患者心率变异（ＨＲＶ）改变及其异同,并观测疾病状态下ＨＲＶ改变的昼夜节律性。方法 观察２５例糖尿病患者、２例冠心病患者及４８名健康人２４ｈ、白天段及夜间段心率变异长程时域。结果 糖尿病组与冠心病组ＨＲＶ各指标ＳＤＮＮ、ＲＭＳＳＤ、ＰＮＮ５０、ＳＤＡＮＮ均显著低于健康对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。糖尿病组与冠心病组及２组内白天与夜间ＨＲＶ各指标比较均无显著性差异。结论 糖尿病、冠心     

肾衰患者血液透析前后HRV变化及意义

目的探讨终末期肾衰患者血液透析前后心率变异性(HRV)的变化及意义。方法对267例终末期慢性肾衰规律血液透析患者和60例健康人行24小时动态心电图检查,分析两组血液透析前后终末期肾衰患者的HRV改变。HRV时域指标包括正常RR间期标准差(SDNN),5min平均RR间期标准差(SDANN)等。结果正常健康组的HRV有明显的昼夜变化规律,HRV夜间大于白天;终末期肾衰患者的HRV明显低于健康组,其昼夜节律性消失,但透析后HRV指标明显改善。结论终末期肾衰患者的HRV与健康人相比有显著的变化,其迷走神经张力减退和HRV昼夜节律性消失。血液透析可提高终末期肾衰患者HRV并改善肾衰患者受损的植物神经功能。     

无症状心肌缺血患者心率变异性及QT间期变异度分析

目的探讨冠心痛无症状心肌缺血(SMI)者心率变异性(HRV)QT间期变异度(QTv)变化特点。方法对87例动态心电图(DCG)检出SMI经冠脉造影证实为冠心病者(A组)。与66例健康对照组(B组)检测HRV中的SDNN、SDANN以及日夜间的QTv进行比较。结果SMI者HRV和QTv均显著降低,且QTv的昼夜节律性消失。结论HRV和QTv可作为冠心病SMI者判定预后的常规DCG检测指标。     

老年高血压患者昼夜血压、心率变异与左心室肥厚的关系

目的　探讨老年高血压伴左心室肥厚患者昼夜血压变化与自主神经损害的关系。方法　选择伴左心室肥厚的老年高血压患者75例,不伴左心室肥厚的老年高血压患者80例进行动态血压、动态心电图、心率变异等监测,分析昼夜血压变化、血压负荷、血压类型及心率变异功率频谱指标。结果　(1 )左心室肥厚组2 4hSBP、2 4hPP、SBP负荷值尤其夜间SBP负荷值均较非左心室肥厚组偏高,两组差异显著;而DBP及DBP负荷值,两组差异无显著性。(2 )左心室肥厚组以非杓型血压为主;而非左心室肥厚组以杓型血压为主。(3 )两组HRV功率频谱改变比较,左心室肥厚组HRV昼夜节律性减弱甚至消失;而非左心室肥厚组HRV呈昼夜节律变化。结论　高血压左心室肥厚者自主神经损害明显,在高血压治疗中应注意尽可能减少血压负荷,恢复血压昼夜节律,改善心率变异,减少及防治并发症。     

老年高血压合并糖尿病患者心率变异性分析

目的分析老年高血压合并糖尿病患者的心率变异性（HRV）。方法 77例老年高血压病患者根据是否合并糖尿病分成两组,单纯高血压病组（n=49）及高血压病合并糖尿病组（n=28）,采用动态心电图（DCG）观察两组患者心律失常、缺血性ST-T改变及HRV情况,分析两组患者代谢及HRV指标特点并进行组间比较。结果高血压合并糖尿病组患者的体质指数、血尿素氮、血尿酸、收缩压及空腹血糖水平均高于单纯高血压组患者,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于单纯高血压组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组患者的平均心率、夜间心率、HRV时域参数及室性早搏、非持续性心动过速及缺血性ST-T改变检出率的均有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论老年高血压病合并糖尿病患者HRV明显减低,且易于发生室性心律失常及心肌缺血。     

老年高血压合并糖尿病患者心率变异性及其昼夜变化临床分析

目的研究老年高血压合并糖尿病患者的心率变异性(HRV)及其昼夜变化规律,探讨老年糖尿病患者心脏自主神经变化的临床意义。方法选择87例原发性高血压患者(EH组)及68例高血压合并糖尿病患者(EH+DM组),监测24 h动态心电图,进行HRV时域指标SDNN、SDANN、SDNN Index、RMSSD、PNN50的分析。比较2组间HRV指标的差异以及HRV昼夜指标差异。结果 EH+DM组较EH组24 h、日间、夜间HRV各项指标均明显降低,且有统计学差异;EH组SDNN以及RMSSD呈昼低夜高,但无明显统计学差异,SDNN Index和PNN50仍呈昼低夜高现象(P0.01);EH+DM组SDNN以及RMSSD呈昼高夜低现象(P0.05),SDNN Index和PNN50昼夜间无统计学差异。结论老年高血压合并糖尿病患者HRV显著降低,高血压患者昼夜节律已有明显受损,高血压合并糖尿病患者昼夜节律进一步受损,心脏自主神经功能失调。     

睡眠呼吸暂停综合征对高血压病患者血压昼夜节律及心率变异性的影响

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSAS）对高血压病患者血压昼夜节律及心率变异性（HRV）的影响。方法入选62例高血压病患者,根据是否合并OSAS分为：单纯组（无合并OSAS）及合并组（合并OS-AS）,另选择同期30名健康人群作为对照组。比较三组患者呼吸紊乱指数（AHI）、夜间平均血氧水平、昼间及夜间血压水平、非杓型血压的比例、HRV频域指标（SDNN、PNN50）与时域指标（低频谱、高频谱）的差异。结果合并组与单纯组、对照患者比较夜间平均血氧水平、AHI、HRV频域指标（SDNN、PNN50）与时域指标（低频谱、高频谱）差异均有显著统计学意义（P均〈0.01）;合并组非杓型血压的比例显著高于其他两组,差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论 OSAS增加高血压病患者血压昼夜节律异常及心率变异性。     

探讨2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者24h动态心电图临床研究

目的观察2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者与单纯性冠心病患者24 h动态心电图变化情况。方法检测并记录124例2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者(糖尿病组)与96例单纯性冠心病患者(对照组)24 h动态心电图变化,分析ST-T变化以及HRV时域4项指标。结果糖尿病组患者心律失常的发生率明显高于对照组患者心律失常的发生率;缺血性ST-T改变两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组比较,心率增快,心率变异指标降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病能引起冠心病患者心律失常加重,心率加快,心率变异指标降低。     

老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者心脏变时性功能与心率变异性分析

目的 了解老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者心脏变时性功能(CR)与心率变异性(HRV)之间的关系.方法 回顾性分析96例老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者动态心电图(DCG),按DCG检测情况分为HRV异常组(50例),HRV正常组(46例),分析两组患者CR及CR与HRV之间的关系.结果 HRV异常组CR显著低于HRV正常组(P＜0.05);两组患者CR与HRV呈正相关.结论 老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者HRV异常时提示CR不全,DCG检出CR不全可作为判断自主神经受损的有价值指标.     

糖尿病患者心率变异性Q-T离散度与室性心律失常的关系

目的：分析糖尿病心率变异性(HRV)及 Q—T 离散度(Q—Td)与室性心律失常的关系。方法：对42例糖尿病患者和40例健康正常人行12导联常规心电图及24h 动态心电图检查。结果：糖尿病组的各项 HRV 指标均显著低于对照组；Q—Td 显著增大(P 均＜0.01)；糖尿病组室性早搏的发生率高于对照组(P＜0.05),其中,复杂性室性早搏发生率显著高于对照组,差异有显著性(P＜0.01)。糖尿病患者室性发生与 HRV 各值呈负相关。结论：糖尿病患者的 HRV 及 Q—Td,可作为评估糖尿病患者自主神经功能异常,发生室性心律失常的指标。     

Cytokines and heart rate variability in patients with chronic heart failure

INTRODUCTION: Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is a non-invasive method of assessment of the autonomic nervous system's effects on heart function. In chronic heart failure (CHF), decreased HRV correlates with the progression of the disease. It is also known that in CHF increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines are present. Because these molecules are believed to influence the nervous system at both the central and peripheral levels, their potential role in HRV reduction in the course of CHF has been proposed. AIM: The study was designed to verify potential relations between cytokines and HRV parameters in CHF patients. The concept of the study was driven by the recognition of controversies in this field and the paucity of published reports. METHODS: Forty-four patients with CHF and stable NYHA class I-IV symptoms and 15 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Time-domain HRV analysis was performed based on of 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring. Plasma concentrations of soluble TNFalpha receptors sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured using commercially available ELISA kits (Quantikine, RD Systems). RESULTS: In patients with CHF, HRV indices included in the analysis were significantly decreased, and the levels of cytokines increased in comparison with the control group. In the whole study population, both in the CHF patients and the control group, significant negative correlations were observed between sTNF-RI level and long-term HRV indices such as SDNN (r=-0.44; p=0.0006), SDANN (r=-0.44; p=0.0005) and short-time index SDNNI (r=-0.37; p=0.004). Similar negative correlations were found between sTNF-RII level and SDNN (r=-0.35; p=0.007), SDANN (r=-0.34; p=0.01), and SDNNI (r=-0.31; p=0.02), as well as between IL-6 level and SDNN (r=-0.41; p=0.001), SDANN (r=-0.44; p=0.0005) and SDNNI (r=-0.34; p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Significant negative correlations between TNF-alpha soluble receptors sTNF-RI, sTNF-RII and IL-6 levels and time-domain HRV parameters were observed in the study. Because the results of investigations conducted so far do not elucidate the cause-effect relationship, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms of HRV depression in CHF and the role of cytokines in this severe clinical condition.     

Somatostatin in the human heart and comparison with guinea pig and rat heart

Somatostatin has been shown to have negative inotropic and chronotopic effects and to restore sinus rhythm in some cases of cardiac arrhythmia. Using acid extracts, regions of human heart were examined by radioimmunoassay to determine their somatostatin content. Mean (SD) concentrations of 4.1 (0.8) pmol/g and 2.9 (0.8) pmol/g were found in atrioventricular node and right atria respectively and were significantly higher than in other heart regions. Using fresh heart tissue from guinea pigs, somatostatin was localised to cardiac nerves by immunocytochemistry. Nerves containing somatostatin were most abundant in the atria, where the concentrations measured by radioimmunoassay were 7.6 (1.0) and 2.6 (0.4) pmol/g for right and left atria respectively. Somatostatin contained in cardiac nerves may have a physiological role in the cardiac conduction system.     

坎地沙坦对心力衰竭患者脑钠素及心功能的影响

目的探讨坎地沙坦治疗心力衰竭后脑钠素及心功能的变化。方法采取自身前后对照的方法,对42例心力衰竭患者在常规治疗基础上加用坎地沙坦,疗程10～15d。分别于给药前及给药后10～15d测定脑钠素的浓度和左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)及左室射血分数(EF)、短轴缩短分数(FS)、二尖瓣血流早期最大流速(VE)、二尖瓣血流心房收缩期最大流速(VA)和VE/VA。结果加用坎地沙坦后脑钠素的浓度明显降低,EF、FS有所提高,LVEDV、VE、VA、VE/VA变化不大。结论脑钠素是反映心力衰竭严重程度、判断疗效的敏感指标。坎地沙坦能显著降低脑钠素水平,改善心功能,在心力衰竭的治疗中起着重要作用。     

新生儿先天性心脏病慢性心力衰竭与神经内分泌激活的研究

目的 检测新生儿先天性心脏病（先天性心脏病）的神经内分泌因子,探讨新生儿先天性心脏病是否存在神经内分泌激活及其临床意义.方法 选取2008年10月至2013年8月我院收治的100例新生儿先天性心脏病患者,检测其脑利钠肽（BNP）、醛固酮（ALD）和心房利钠肽（ANP）,另选取年龄及性别与之相匹配的体检正常新生儿30名作为对照组.结果 新生儿先天性心脏病患者血循环中的BNP为（35.7±7.4）pmol/L,ANP为（55.6±7.5）pmol/L,ALD为（546.1 ±42.3）pmol/L,与对照组比较明显增高（P均＜0.01）.三个亚组患儿随着疾病严重程度的加重,神经内分泌的激活就越明显.结论 新生儿先天性心脏病患者的神经内分泌明显激活且具有慢性心力衰竭的特征,并与疾病的严重性密切相关.     

Association of metabolic syndrome with exercise capacity and heart rate recovery in patients with coronary heart disease in the heart and soul study

It is not known whether the metabolic syndrome is associated with poor exercise capacity among patients who have established coronary heart disease. We evaluated the association of the metabolic syndrome with treadmill exercise capacity and heart rate recovery among patients who had coronary heart disease. We measured treadmill exercise capacity (METs) and heart rate recovery (beats per minute) in 943 subjects who had known coronary heart disease. Of these, 377 (40%) had the metabolic syndrome as defined by criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program. Participants who had the metabolic syndrome were more likely to have poor exercise capacity (METs <5, 33% vs 18%, p <0.0001) and poor heart rate recovery (相似文献   

Inflammatory markers and heart rate variability in women with coronary heart disease

PURPOSE: Both heart rate variability (HRV) and inflammatory markers are carrying prognostic information in coronary heart disease (CHD), however, we know of no studies examining their relation in CHD. The aim of this study, therefore, was to assess the association between HRV and inflammatory activity, as reflected by the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and C-reactive protein (CRP). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Consecutive women patients who survived hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction, and/or underwent a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or a coronary artery bypass grafting were included and evaluated in a stable condition 1 year after the index events. An ambulatory 24-h ECG was recorded during normal activities. SDNN index (mean of the standard deviations of all normal to normal intervals for all 5-min segments of the entire recording) and the following frequency domain parameters were assessed: total power, high frequency (HF) power, low frequency (LF) power and very low frequency (VLF) power. Levels of high-sensitivity CRP were measured by nephelometry, IL-6 and IL-1ra concentrations were determined by enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: Levels of IL-6 showed an inverse relation with HRV measures even after controlling for potential confounding factors. The P-values were 0.02, 0.04, 0.01, 0.03, 0.18 for the multivariate association with SDDN index, total power, VLF power, LF power and HF power respectively. In contrast, the inverse relationship between HRV measures and CRP or IL-1ra levels were weak and nonsignificant. Correlation coefficients for the relationship between IL-6 and HRV measures were both uni- and multivariately higher than for the relationship between HRV measures and any other factors evaluated in this study. CONCLUSION: Concentration of IL-6 showed a negative, independent association with HRV in women with CHD. Thus, increased inflammatory activity, as reflected by IL-6 levels, may represent a new auxiliary mechanism linking decreased HRV to poor prognosis in CHD.     

Nutritional factors and heart failure in Nigerians with hypertensive heart disease.

Thirty Nigerian hypertensives with heart failure and 30 without heart failure, matched for age and sex, were studied. Diastolic blood pressures were similar in the two groups (118 +/- 15 and 118.5 +/- 13.6 mmHg, respectively) (P greater than 0.5), while systolic blood pressures were higher in the non-heart failure group (176.7 +/- 29.7 and 198.8 +/- 29.8 mmHg, respectively) (P less than 0.01). The mean durations of initial detection of high blood pressure in the previously known hypertensives in the two groups were 4.9 +/- 3.8 and 4.4 +/- 3.3 years, respectively (P greater than 0.05), and their drug compliance prior to this study was similarly poor (P greater than 0.1). In the two groups, 33.3% and 10% were thiamine deficient, respectively (P less than 0.001), with TPP greater than 15%; 23.3% and 0% had hypoalbuminaemia (P less than 0.02), with a mean serum albumin of 35 +/- 7 and 42 +/- 3 g/l, respectively (P less than 0.001); while 36.7% and 13.3% were anaemic, respectively (P less than 0.05). Heart failure was more severe in those with more than one of these adverse factors (P less than 0.05). The results suggest that these factors, more prevalent in the heart failure group, would have hastened and worsened their heart failure. It is suggested that an active nutritional approach be incorporated into the management of hypertensives, particularly in the developing world.