共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Shailesh Kantak Robert McGrath Nazaneen Zahedi Dustin Luchmee 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(1):1-12
Objective
Given the presence of execution deficits after stroke, it is difficult to determine if patients with stroke have deficits in motor skill learning with the paretic arm. Here, we controlled for execution deficits while testing practice effects of the paretic arm on motor skill learning, long-term retention, and corticospinal excitability.Methods
Ten patients with unilateral stroke and ten age-matched controls practiced a kinematic arm skill for two days and returned for retention testing one-day and one-month post-practice. Motor skill learning was quantified as a change in speed–accuracy tradeoff from baseline to retention tests. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to generate an input–output curve of the ipsilesional motor cortex (M1), and measure transcallosal inhibition from contralesional to ipsilesional M1.Results
While the control group had greater overall accuracy than the stroke group, both groups showed comparable immediate and long-term improvements with practice. Skill improvements were accompanied by greater excitability of the ipsilesional corticospinal system and reduced transcallosal inhibition from contralesional to ipsilesional M1.Conclusions
When execution deficits are accounted for, patients with stroke demonstrate relatively intact motor skill learning with the paretic arm. Paretic arm learning is accompanied by modulations in corticospinal and transcallosal mechanisms.Significance
Functional recovery after stroke relies on ability for skill learning and the underlying mechanisms. 相似文献2.
Etienne Allart Arnaud Delval Alexandre Caux-Dedeystere Julien Labreuche Romain Viard Renaud Lopes Hervé Devanne 《Clinical neurophysiology》2017,128(5):707-715
Objectives
To assess the contralesional connectivity between the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and the motor cortex (M1) in stroke patients, and to probe putative relationships with spatial neglect and motor impairment.Methods
In 12 right-side stroke patients and 12 age-matched healthy controls, we used paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation to assess the contralesional connectivity between three left-side PPC sites (the anterior intraparietal sulcus (aIPS), the posterior intraparietal sulcus and the superior parieto-occipital cortex (SPOC)) and M1. The interstimulus interval (ISI) was set to 4 or 6 ms.Results
Although there were no differences between the stroke patient group and the controls, a subgroup analysis showed that stimulation over the SPOC with an ISI of 6 ms facilitated motor-evoked potential responses in patients with neglect (and especially those with severe peripersonal neglect), relative to non-neglect patients. With an ISI of 4 ms, the aIPS exerted an inhibitory influence on M1 in all subjects. The severity of motor impairment was not associated with PPC-M1 connectivity.Conclusions
aIPS-M1 connectivity seems to be unaffected in stroke patients, whereas connectivity from the most posterior parts of the parietal cortex depends on the patient’s neglect status.Significance
These results provide insight into post-stroke changes in contralesional PPC-M1 connectivity. 相似文献3.
Giulia Varotto Silvana Franceschetti Davide Caputo Elisa Visani Laura Canafoglia Elena Freri Francesca Ragona Giuliano Avanzini Ferruccio Panzica 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(11):2372-2379
Objective
To investigate the changes in EEG connectivity in children with the typical presentation of benign epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BECTS).Methods
We compared awake and spindle-sleep EEG recordings obtained by a standard electrode array in patients with lateralised (10 Right, 9 Left-BECTS) or bilateral spikes (10 MF-BECTS) and in 17 age-matched controls. We analysed EEG activity using partial directed coherence, an estimator of connectivity based on the multivariate autoregressive models and calculated in- and out-degrees, strength, clustering coefficient and betweenness centrality.Results
In comparison with the controls, the awake EEG recordings of the patients with lateralised BECTS showed a minimal increase in out-degrees on F4 and F3. The greater differences, found during sleep, included significant reductions in both in- and out-degrees and strength in all of the patient groups, but in T4 or T3 showing increased out-degrees and strength in Right and Left-BECTS. Betweenness centrality was significantly reduced on C3 and C4 in the patients with MF-BECTS.Conclusions
Our observations suggest that the main finding in BECTS patients is widely reduced local connectivity.Significance
The network changes in BECTS can be interpreted as a permissive condition occurring in a developmental window that predisposes to seizure generation during spindle-sleep. 相似文献4.
Objective
Chronic stroke patients with moderate-severe motor impairment may have an increased reliance on contralesional vs ipsilesional motor areas to control the paretic arm. We hypothesised that increasing contralesional excitability with anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) would benefit motor performance in patients with moderate-severe impairment.Methods
Ten patients with motor impairment at the chronic stage after stroke received a-tDCS, cathodal (c-tDCS) and sham with the target electrode over contralesional motor cortex (M1). Motor performance was quantified from the circularity and size of planar movements made with the paretic arm. Contralateral and ipsilateral corticospinal excitability was inferred using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Corticospinal tract integrity and basal GABA concentration were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy.Results
Anodal tDCS increased contralesional corticomotor excitability evident from motor evoked potentials in both wrist extensors (both P < 0.043). Cathodal tDCS did not affect corticomotor excitability (P > 0.37). The effect of tDCS on motor performance with the paretic limb was negatively associated with ipsilesional GABA concentration after c-tDCS (P = 0.001).Conclusions
Further investigation of noninvasive brain stimulation protocols that facilitate contralesional M1 is warranted.Significance
The inter-hemispheric imbalance model of stroke recovery may not apply to patients with more severe impairment. 相似文献5.
Pirgit Meritam Elena Gardella Jørgen Alving Daniella Terney Melita Cacic Hribljan Sándor Beniczky 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(4):713-716
Objective
To investigate whether Posterior Dominant Rhythm (PDR) can be reliably assessed in sleep-EEG recordings and to investigate the diagnostic yield of standard-wake and sleep-recordings.Methods
EEG recordings of 303 consecutive patients aged 18–88?years were analyzed. All patients had both standard-wake and sleep-recordings, including patients who had abnormal standard recordings. Melatonin was used in 6% of sleep EEGs, and sleep deprivation in 94%. The mean duration of sleep was 41?min. We measured the PDR frequency in standard and sleep-recordings, both before and after sleep. We compared the diagnostic yield of standard-wake and sleep EEG recordings.Results
Compared to standard EEG, sleep-recordings showed a significantly lower PDR frequency, both when measured before and after sleep (p?<?0.001). One-hundred-fifty-six patients (51%) had normal standard recordings, and 35 of them (22%) had abnormal findings in the sleep-recording. One-hundred-forty-seven patients had abnormal standard recordings and in 16 of them (11%) these abnormalities were not present in sleep-recording.Conclusions
PDR is significantly slower in the wake periods of sleep-recordings, compared to standard wake recordings.Significance
Sleep and standard wake recordings are complementary. 相似文献6.
Chaturbhuj Rathore Pandurang R. Wattamwar Neeraj Baheti Malcolm Jeyaraj Gopal K. Dash Sankara P. Sarma Kurupath Radhakrishnan 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(9):1907-1912
Objective
To evaluate the prognostic value of postoperative EEGs to estimate post anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) seizure outcome.Methods
We studied postoperative EEGs in 325 consecutive patients who had minimum five years of post-ATL followup. Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) present only during sleep were classified as sleep IEDs. We defined favorable final-year outcome as no seizures during the final one year and favorable absolute-postoperative outcome as no seizures during the entire postoperative period.Results
At mean follow-up of 7.3?±?1.8?years, 281 (86.5%) patients had favorable final-year outcome while 161 (49.5%) had favorable absolute-postoperative outcome. IEDs on three months and one year EEG were associated with unfavorable outcomes while IEDs at 7th day had no association with outcomes. Sleep record increased the yield of IEDs by 30% at each time-point without compromising predictive value. EEG at one year predicted the risk of seizure recurrence on drug withdrawal.Conclusion
While EEG at three months and at one-year after ATL predicted seizure outcome, EEG at 7th day was not helpful. Sleep record increases the sensitivity of postoperative EEG without compromising specificity.Significance
Both awake and sleep EEG provide useful information in postoperative period following ATL. 相似文献7.
Tetsuya Takahashi Takashi Goto Sou Nobukawa Yuji Tanaka Mitsuru Kikuchi Masato Higashima Yuji Wada 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(1):222-231
Objective
The “dysconnection hypothesis” has been proposed as a core neural basis for schizophrenia. Although growing neuroimaging-based evidence suggests atypical functional connectivity in patients with schizophrenia, the results are inconsistent and the effects of antipsychotic treatment remain elusive.Methods
We performed resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) in 21 drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia (14 patients were re-evaluated after administration of antipsychotic treatment) and 31 age-matched healthy control subjects. We estimated functional connectivity, using the phase lag index (PLI), which captures the true synchronization of EEG signals.Results
The patients had reduced functional connectivity of the beta band across frontal regions and of the gamma band throughout the scalp when compared to the control subjects. In the schizophrenia group, symptom severity did not seem associated with functional connectivity. Antipsychotic treatment led to no alterations in functional connectivity.Conclusions
Synchronous activity within and across brain areas over multiple frequencies reflect the integration of various types of information processing. Our findings of abnormal frequency- and region-specific functional connectivity patterns may provide further insight into the “dysconnection hypothesis” of schizophrenia.Significance
The PLI may serve as a useful measure for the characterization and understanding of the intrinsic pathophysiological mechanisms of schizophrenia, and as a reliable biomarker for this disease. 相似文献8.
Derek Eng Ephrem Zewdie Patrick Ciechanski Omar Damji Adam Kirton 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(2):397-405
Objective
Brain stimulation and constraint therapy may enhance function after perinatal stroke but mechanisms are unknown. We characterized interhemispheric interactions (IHI) in hemiparetic children and explored their relationship to motor function and neuromodulation.Methods
Forty-five hemiparetic perinatal stroke subjects aged 6–19?years completed a clinical trial of repetitive-transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and constraint therapy. Paired-pulse TMS measured IHI in cases and normal controls. Suprathreshold conditioning stimuli preceded contralateral test stimuli bidirectionally: stroke to non-stroke (SNS) and non-stroke to stroke (NSS). Primary outcome was the interhemispheric ratio (IHR) between conditioned and test only MEP amplitudes X100 (<100 implied inhibition). Motor outcomes at baseline and post-intervention were compared to IHR.Results
Procedures were well tolerated. IHI occurred bidirectionally in controls. Eighteen stroke participants had complete data. IHR were increased in stroke participants in both directions. SNS IHR was >100 (facilitation) in 39% of measurements and correlated with better motor function. NSS IHR correlated with poorer motor function. Intervention-induced clinical change was not associated with IHR.Conclusions
Interhemispheric interactions are altered and related to clinical function, but not necessarily neuromodulation, in children with perinatal stroke.Significance
Adding interhemispheric interactions to evolving models of developmental plasticity following early injury may advance neuromodulation strategies. 相似文献9.
Carla Bentes Ana Rita Peralta Pedro Viana Hugo Martins Carlos Morgado Carlos Casimiro Ana Catarina Franco Ana Catarina Fonseca Ruth Geraldes Patrícia Canhão Teresa Pinho e Melo Teresa Paiva José M. Ferro 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(8):1680-1687
Objective
To identify the most accurate quantitative electroencephalographic (qEEG) predictor(s) of unfavorable post-ischemic stroke outcome, and its discriminative capacity compared to already known demographic, clinical and imaging prognostic markers.Methods
Prospective cohort of 151 consecutive anterior circulation ischemic stroke patients followed for 12?months. EEG was recorded within 72?h and at discharge or 7?days post-stroke. QEEG (global band power, symmetry, affected/unaffected hemisphere and time changes) indices were calculated from mean Fast Fourier Transform and analyzed as predictors of unfavorable outcome (mRS?≥?3), at discharge and 12?months poststroke, before and after adjustment for age, admission NIHSS and ASPECTS.Results
Higher delta, lower alpha and beta relative powers (RP) predicted outcome. Indices with higher discriminative capacity were delta-theta to alpha-beta ratio (DTABR) and alpha RP. Outcome models including either of these and other clinical/imaging stroke outcome predictors were superior to models without qEEG data. In models with qEEG indices, infarct size was not a significant outcome predictor.Conclusions
DTAABR and alpha RP are the best qEEG indices and superior to ASPECTS in post-stroke outcome prediction. They improve the discriminative capacity of already known clinical and imaging stroke outcome predictors, both at discharge and 12?months after stroke.Significance
qEEG indices are independent predictors of stroke outcome. 相似文献10.
Svjetlana Miocinovic Andrew Miller Nicole C. Swann Jill L. Ostrem Philip A. Starr 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(2):368-376
Objective
To investigate cortical activity using scalp EEG in patients with isolated dystonia treated with chronic deep brain stimulation (DBS), on and off stimulation.Methods
We analyzed 64-channel scalp EEG in 12 isolated dystonia patients treated with chronic DBS (7 generalized, 5 cervical/segmental; 7 globus pallidus (GP), 5 subthalamic nucleus (STN)), and 20 healthy age-matched controls. Recordings during rest and movement task, and clinical motor scores, were collected with DBS-on and during a 90-min DBS washout.Results
Resting state alpha power in the dominant (or contralateral to more dystonic side) motor cortex channel during DBS was comparable to healthy controls, but it increased when DBS was stopped. Resting state and movement-related alpha coherence between bilateral motor cortex channels was increased off DBS.Conclusions
Chronic DBS reduces exaggerated alpha oscillations and interhemispheric alpha coherence in the motor cortex of patients with isolated dystonia.Significance
These findings complement related studies in Parkinson’s disease and support the view that network desynchronization is a prominent mechanism of DBS in movement disorders. 相似文献11.
Claudio Babiloni Claudio Del Percio Roberta Lizio Giuseppe Noce Susanna Lopez Andrea Soricelli Raffaele Ferri Maria Teresa Pascarelli Valentina Catania Flavio Nobili Dario Arnaldi Francesco Famà Francesco Orzi Carla Buttinelli Franco Giubilei Laura Bonanni Raffaella Franciotti Marco Onofrj Fabrizio Stocchi 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(4):766-782
Objective
This study tested the hypothesis that markers of functional cortical source connectivity of resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms may be abnormal in subjects with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s (ADMCI) and Parkinson’s (PDMCI) diseases compared to healthy elderly subjects (Nold).Methods
rsEEG data had been collected in ADMCI, PDMCI, and Nold subjects (N?=?75 for any group). eLORETA freeware estimated functional lagged linear connectivity (LLC) from rsEEG cortical sources. Area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve indexed the accuracy in the classification of Nold and MCI individuals.Results
Posterior interhemispheric and widespread intrahemispheric alpha LLC solutions were abnormally lower in both MCI groups compared to the Nold group. At the individual level, AUROC curves of LLC solutions in posterior alpha sources exhibited moderate accuracies (0.70–0.72) in the discrimination of Nold vs. ADMCI-PDMCI individuals. No differences in the LLC solutions were found between the two MCI groups.Conclusions
These findings unveil similar abnormalities in functional cortical connectivity estimated in widespread alpha sources in ADMCI and PDMCI. This was true at both group and individual levels.Significance
The similar abnormality of alpha source connectivity in ADMCI and PDMCI subjects might reflect common cholinergic impairment. 相似文献12.
Birgit Frauscher Sweta Joshi Nicolas von Ellenrieder Dang Khoa Nguyen François Dubeau Jean Gotman 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(8):1526-1533
Objective
Ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves occurring along the visual axis are one of the hallmarks of REM sleep in experimental animals. In humans, direct evidence is scarce. There is no systematic study of PGO waves in the primary visual cortex.Methods
Eleven epilepsy patients undergoing combined intracranial EEG/polysomnography had 71 channels recording physiological EEG activity from various cortical areas; seven channels recorded from the primary visual cortex. An equal number of 4-s phasic and tonic REM segments were selected. Patterns consistent with PGO waves were visually analyzed in both states in the primary visual cortex. Spectral analysis compared activity in the primary visual cortex with the remaining cortical areas.Results
Visual inspection revealed an increase in sharply contoured theta waves (duration: 150–250?ms) in the primary visual cortex during phasic as compared to tonic REM sleep. Spectral analysis confirmed a 32% increase in mean absolute theta power during phasic versus tonic REM sleep (p corrected?=?0.014).Conclusion
No classical PGO waves, but sharply contoured theta waves were found in the human primary visual cortex during phasic as opposed to tonic REM sleep.Significance
This research suggests that sharply contoured theta waves are the human correlate of PGO waves described in experimental animal models. 相似文献13.
Ninah Koolen Lisa Oberdorfer Zsofia Rona Vito Giordano Tobias Werther Katrin Klebermass-Schrehof Nathan Stevenson Sampsa Vanhatalo 《Clinical neurophysiology》2017,128(6):1100-1108
Objective
To develop a method for automated neonatal sleep state classification based on EEG that can be applied over a wide range of age.Methods
We collected 231 EEG recordings from 67 infants between 24 and 45 weeks of postmenstrual age. Ten minute epochs of 8 channel polysomnography (N = 323) from active and quiet sleep were used as a training dataset. We extracted a set of 57 EEG features from the time, frequency, and spatial domains. A greedy algorithm was used to define a reduced feature set to be used in a support vector machine classifier.Results
Performance tests showed that our algorithm was able to classify quiet and active sleep epochs with 85% accuracy, 83% sensitivity, and 87% specificity. The performance was not substantially lowered by reducing the epoch length or EEG channel number. The classifier output was used to construct a novel trend, the sleep state probability index, that improves the visualisation of brain state fluctuations.Conclusions
A robust EEG-based sleep state classifier was developed. It performs consistently well across a large span of postmenstrual ages.Significance
This method enables the visualisation of sleep state in preterm infants which can assist clinical management in the neonatal intensive care unit. 相似文献14.
Mindy F. Levin John M. Solomon Akash Shah Andréanne K. Blanchette Anatol G. Feldman 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(10):2065-2074
Objectives
Deficits in regulation of tonic stretch reflex thresholds (TSRTs) after stroke occur in elbow flexors and extensors leading to spasticity in specific joint ranges. Threshold deregulation may also be responsible for other deficits such as abnormal activation of passively shortening muscles. Goals were to characterize activation of shortening elbow extensors during passive elbow flexor stretch in individuals with stroke, and identify its relationship to upper-limb motor impairment.Methods
Thirty-three participants with unilateral stroke participated. TSRTs in elbow flexors were measured by stretching passive elbow flexors at different velocities. EMG responses were recorded from stretched agonist (biceps) and shortened antagonist (triceps) muscles.Results
Triceps activation during passive biceps stretch occurred in all but 4 participants simultaneously with, before or after biceps activation onset. Biceps and triceps activation onsets and durations decreased with stretch velocity. Biceps TSRT and triceps activation magnitude did not correlate with sensorimotor impairment but greater stroke chronicity tended to be related to higher biceps TSRTs (r?=?0.406, p?=?0.041).Conclusions
Stroke may result in both limitations in reciprocal inhibition and excessive agonist-antagonist co-activation, likely from deficits in TSRT modulation in both muscle groups.Significance
Since both reciprocal inhibition and co-activation are fundamental to normal motor control, their cooperative action should be considered in designing interventions to increase the ranges of regulation of TSRTs in flexors and extensors to enhance upper limb functional recovery. 相似文献15.
Naoum P. Issa Shasha Wu Sandra Rose Vernon L. Towle Peter C. Warnke James X. Tao 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(9):1796-1803
Objective
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is the most common type of focal epilepsy, but often lacks scalp EEG correlates. We ask if hippocampal epileptiform discharges that are characteristic of mTLE are associated with small sharp spikes (SSS) recorded on scalp EEG. SSS are considered benign waveforms, so are not currently used as markers of epilepsy.Methods
To determine if there is a relationship between SSS and hippocampal discharges, simultaneous scalp and hippocampal depth electrode EEGs were recorded from 27 patients being evaluated for possible mTLE. Scalp EEG waveforms were assessed at the time of hippocampal discharges identified on intracranial hippocampal depth electrodes.Results
15 of 27 patients had SSS on scalp EEG that were time locked to hippocampal epileptiform discharges measured intracranially. These hippocampal spikes tended to have overlying high frequency oscillations and to co-localize with a seizure onset zone, suggesting that they were pathological discharges.Conclusions
There is a tight coupling between a subset of pathological hippocampal discharges and SSS.Significance
SSS can be scalp EEG markers of mTLE rather than normal EEG variants. 相似文献16.
Anna-Liisa Satomaa Outi Saarenpää-Heikkilä Eero Huupponen Turkka Kirjavainen Juhani Heinonen Sari-Leena Himanen 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(2):448-454
Objective
Deep NREM sleep and its hallmark EEG phenomenon slow wave activity (SWA) are under homeostatic control in adults. SWA is also locally regulated as it increases in the brain areas that have been used intensively. Moreover, in children, SWA is a marker of cortical maturation. In the present study the local properties of NREM sleep depth were evaluated using the quantitative mean frequency method. We aimed to study if age is related to NREM sleep depth in young infants. In addition, we studied if young infants have local differences in their NREM sleep.Methods
Ambulatory over-night polysomnographies were recorded in 59 healthy and full-term infants at the age of one month. The infants were divided into two age groups (<44?weeks and ≥44?weeks) to allow maturational evaluations.Results
The quantitative sleep depth analysis showed differences between the age groups. In addition, there were local sleep depth differences within the age groups.Conclusions
The sleep depth change with age is most likely related to cortical maturation, whereas the local sleep depth gradients might also reflect the use-dependent properties of SWA.Significance
The results support the idea that young infants have frontal cortical processing. 相似文献17.
Vishwanath Sankarasubramanian Andre G. Machado Adriana B. Conforto Kelsey A. Potter-Baker David A. Cunningham Nicole M. Varnerin Xiaofeng Wang Ken Sakaie Ela B. Plow 《Clinical neurophysiology》2017,128(6):892-902
Objective
The standard approach to brain stimulation in stroke is based on the premise that ipsilesional M1 (iM1) is important for motor function of the paretic upper limb, while contralesional cortices compete with iM1. Therefore, the approach typically advocates facilitating iM1 and/or inhibiting contralesional M1 (cM1). But, this approach fails to elicit much improvement in severely affected patients, who on account of extensive damage to ipsilesional pathways, cannot rely on iM1. These patients are believed to instead rely on the undamaged cortices, especially the contralesional dorsal premotor cortex (cPMd), for support of function of the paretic limb. Here, we tested for the first time whether facilitation of cPMd could improve paretic limb function in severely affected patients, and if a cut-off could be identified to separate responders to cPMd from responders to the standard approach to stimulation.Methods
In a randomized, sham-controlled crossover study, fifteen patients received the standard approach of stimulation involving inhibition of cM1 and a new approach involving facilitation of cPMd using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Patients also received rTMS to control areas. At baseline, impairment [Upper Extremity Fugl-Meyer (UEFMPROXIMAL, max = 36)] and damage to pathways [fractional anisotropy (FA)] was measured. We measured changes in time to perform proximal paretic limb reaching, and neurophysiology using TMS.Results
Facilitation of cPMd generated more improvement in severely affected patients, who had experienced greater damage and impairment than a cut-off value of FA (0.5) and UEFMPROXIMAL (26–28). The standard approach instead generated more improvement in mildly affected patients. Responders to cPMd showed alleviation of interhemispheric competition imposed on iM1, while responders to the standard approach showed gains in ipsilesional excitability in association with improvement.Conclusions
A preliminary cut-off level of severity separated responders for standard approach vs. facilitation of cPMd.Significance
Cut-offs identified here could help select candidates for tailored stimulation in future studies so patients in all ranges of severity could potentially achieve maximum benefit in function of the paretic upper limb. 相似文献18.
M.P. Veldman N.M. Maurits M.A.M. Nijland N.E. Wolters J.C. Mizelle T. Hortobágyi 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(2):419-430
Objective
Plasticity of the central nervous system likely underlies motor learning. It is however unclear, whether plasticity in cortical motor networks is motor learning stage-, activity-, or connectivity-dependent.Methods
From electroencephalography (EEG) data, we quantified effective connectivity by the phase slope index (PSI), neuronal activity by event-related desynchronization, and sensorimotor integration by N30 during the stages of visuomotor skill acquisition, consolidation, and interlimb transfer.Results
Although N30 amplitudes and event-related desynchronization in parietal electrodes increased with skill acquisition, changes in PSI correlated most with motor performance in all stages of motor learning. Specifically, changes in PSI between the premotor, supplementary motor, and primary motor cortex (M1) electrodes correlated with skill acquisition, whereas changes in PSI between electrodes representing M1 and the parietal and primary sensory cortex (S1) correlated with skill consolidation. The magnitude of consolidated interlimb transfer correlated with PSI between bilateral M1s and between S1 and M1 in the non-practiced hemisphere.Conclusions
Spectral and temporal EEG measures but especially PSI correlated with improvements in complex motor behavior and revealed distinct neural networks in the acquisition, consolidation, and interlimb transfer of motor skills.Significance
A complete understanding of the neuronal mechanisms underlying motor learning can contribute to optimizing rehabilitation protocols. 相似文献19.
Nicolas Carpentier Thierry Cecchin Laurent Koessler Valérie Louis-Dorr Jacques Jonas Jean-Pierre Vignal Marc Carpentier William Szurhaj Patrice Bourgin Louis Maillard 《Clinical neurophysiology》2017,128(9):1696-1706
Objectives
To describe the hippocampal stereo-electroencephalogram during sleep according to sleep stages (including N2 sleep) and cycles, together with the hippocampal spindles.Methods
All patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy undergoing intra-hippocampal implantation between August 2012 and June 2013 at Nancy University Hospital were screened. Six patients with explored hippocampus devoid of pathological features were analyzed. During one night, we identified continuous periods of successive N2, N3 and REM sleep for two full cycles. We performed a spectral analysis of the hippocampal signal for each labeled sleep period.Results
N2, N3 and REM sleeps were individualized according to their spectral powers, for each frequency band and sleep cycle. Hippocampal spindles showed dynamic intrinsic properties, the 11.5–16 Hz frequency band being mainly dominant, whereas the 9–11.5 Hz frequency band heightening during the beginning and the end of the transient. For N3 and REM sleep stages, the power of the hippocampal signal was significantly decreased between the first and the second sleep cycle.Conclusion
Distinct N2 sleep, fast spindles and homeostatic profile are all common properties shared by hippocampus and cortex during sleep.Significance
The close functional link between hippocampus and cortex may have various sleep-related substrates. 相似文献20.
Victor J. Geraedts Johan Marinus Alida A. Gouw Arne Mosch Cornelis J. Stam Jacobus J. van Hilten Maria Fiorella Contarino Martijn R. Tannemaat 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(8):1748-1755