子痫前期患者血清内脂素水平与血脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗的相关性

目的：探讨血清内脂素、血脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗与子痫前期发病的关系.方法：选择2010年7月-2011年1月在福建医科大学附属第二医院产检和住院分娩的96例子痫前期妊娠妇女,按病情轻重分为轻度子痫前期组（35例）和重度子痫前期组（61例）;另选同期正常妊娠晚期妇女96例作为对照组.采用酶联免疫吸附法检测妊娠妇女血清内脂素与胰岛素水平;采用稳态模型评估法计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）;记录临床相关指标,包括妊娠妇女入院时体质量指数、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、血脂和血糖水平等进行相关性分析.结果：①子痫前期组妊娠妇女血清内脂素水平高于对照组,且重度子痫前期组高于轻度子痫前期组（均P＜0.05）.②子痫前期组血清三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL）、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）、空腹血清胰岛素（FINS）及HOMA-IR水平均高于对照组,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）、载脂蛋白A1（ApoA1）低于对照组（均P＜0.05）.③子痫前期组血清内脂素水平与TG、SBP、DBP及HOMA-IR均呈正相关（P＜0.01）.结论：子痫前期患者血清内脂素表达升高可能与子痫前期的发生、进展相关;血脂代谢异常及胰岛素抵抗与子痫前期患者内脂素表达升高有关,可能参与高内脂素促发子痫前期的发病机制.     

妊娠期高血压疾病妊娠相关蛋白A与胎盘病理改变的关系

目的探讨妊娠中期妊娠相关蛋白A(PAPP-A)在预测妊娠期高血压疾病中的作用及其与胎盘病理改变的关系。方法 2008年1月至2009年12月在中山大学附属中山市人民医院对妊娠12~16周产科门诊建册并规律产检的正常单胎孕妇2025例进行研究,首次就诊时抽取肘静脉血,应用酶联免疫法检测其血清中的PAPP-A,并追踪这些孕妇的妊娠发展及分娩情况。对于发生妊娠期高血压疾病、早发型子痫前期和晚发型子痫前期者产时收集其胎盘组织,用HE染色后观察胎盘绒毛滋养细胞、合体滋养细胞结节增生情况及绒毛间质纤维化和绒毛血管病变情况。并随机抽取正常孕妇胎盘组织进行病理检查对比。结果纳入研究的孕妇2025例,剔除不符合要求病例后,共1862例孕妇中,妊娠期高血压疾病88例,需34周前终止妊娠的早发型子痫前期34例,34周后终止妊娠的晚发型子痫前期53例,正常孕妇1687例。早发型子痫前期组外周血PAPP-A水平比对照组低,P<0.05;妊娠期高血压疾病组、晚发型子痫前期组血清PAPP-A与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。妊娠期高血压疾病组、早发型子痫前期组及晚发型子痫前期组胎盘病理改变率与对照组比较,总病理改变率3组与对照...     

子痫前期血清脂联素水平变化与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的 探讨子痫前期患者血清脂联素水平变化及其与胰岛素抵抗的关系.方法 选取2006年1月至2008年10月于解放军第202医院妇产科住院分娩的子痫前期患者110例为研究时象,其中轻度子痫前期患者58例,重度子痫前期患者52例,另取68例正常孕妇作为对照组.采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELIsA)测定各组孕妇血清脂联素水平,同时测定各组孕妇空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素水平,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数,以评价胰岛素抵抗程度.结果 轻度子痫前期患者脂联素水平(15.59±2.42)mg/L明显高于对照组(11.52±1.27)mg/L(P<0.05),重度子痫前期患者脂联素水平(20.47±3.09mg/L)明显高于对照组及轻度子痫前期组(P<0.01).空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素水平及胰岛素抵抗指数在各组之间无统计学意义(P>0.05).在子痫前期患者中血清脂联素水平与空腹胰岛素水平及胰岛素抵抗指数显著负相关(r值分别为-0.628,-0.389,P值分别为0.002,0.009).结论 脂联素可能参与了子痫前期的发生、发展过程,脂联素可能成为反映胰岛素抵抗严重程度的指标.     

子痫前期孕妇血清中氧化应激产物H_2O_2对sHLA-G表达的影响

目的:探讨子痫前期患者血清中氧化应激产物H2O2对可溶性人类白细胞抗原G(sHLA-G)表达的影响,分析早发型及晚发型子痫前期的病因。方法:选择早发型和晚发型子痫前期孕妇各15例为研究组,以同期正常孕妇15例为对照组。采用比色法及ELISA法分别检测3组研究对象血清中H2O2含量和sHLA-G表达,并进行相关性分析。结果:(1)早发型及晚发型子痫前期组孕妇血清中H2O2呈高水平表达[(58.43±3.56)μmol/L,(29.84±7.67μmol/L)],与正常妊娠组相比[(21.61±4.25)μmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);早发型子痫前期组孕妇血清中H2O2含量显著高于晚发型子痫前期组(P<0.05)。(2)早发型及晚发型子痫前期组孕妇血清中sHLA-G呈低水平表达[(28.65±9.16)U/ml,(51.84±8.67)U/ml],与正常妊娠组[(98.13±13.26)U/ml]相比,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);早发型子痫前期组孕妇血清中sHLA-G表达量显著低于晚发型子痫前期组(P<0.05)。(3)正常妊娠、子痫前期孕妇血清中的H2O2水平与sHLA-G表达呈负相关(r=-0.835,P<0.05)。结论:早发型子痫前期发病早,受氧化应激损伤更严重,血清中sHLA-G表达量更低;氧化应激产物H2O2可能潜在下调sHLA-G表达,与子痫前期发病及病情轻重程度相关。     

早发型和晚发型重度子痫前期分娩方式及母婴结局分析

目的探讨早发型和晚发型重度子痫前期分娩方式及母婴结局。方法收集1977-2010年在西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院产科住院的重度子痫前期患者4457例,其中早发型860例,晚发型3597例。回顾性分析其分娩方式及母婴结局。结果早发型和晚发型重度子痫前期剖宫产率分别为57.7%和36.9%,早发型明显高于晚发型(P=0.02);胎盘早剥是最常见并发症,在早发型和晚发型重度子痫前期发生率分别为6.7%和4.6%(P<0.05)。早发型和晚发型重度子痫前期围生儿死亡率分别为3.6%和2.2%(P<0.01)。特别是早发型妊娠34周前终止妊娠者,围生儿死亡率高达4.9%。结论子痫前期终止妊娠的主要方式为剖宫产术;发病孕周越早,母婴不良结局发生率越高。     

孕妇血清及其新生儿脐血、胎盘组织中脂肪型脂肪酸结合蛋白表达变化与子痫前期发病的关系

目的 探讨孕妇血清及其新生儿脐血中脂肪型脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABP4)水平、胎盘组织中FABP4 mRNA的表达变化在子痫前期发病中的作用.方法 选择2008年12月-2009年10月在福建省妇幼保健院产科住院分娩的60例重度子痫前期孕妇,按发病时孕周不同分为早发型子痫前期组(发病时孕周≤34周)和晚发型子痫前期组(发病时孕周>34周)各30例;另选同期正常晚期孕妇60例,根据孕周不同分为早发型对照组(孕周≤34周)和晚发型对照组(孕周>34周)各30例.采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测孕妇血清FABP4、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)及新生儿脐血FABP4水平;采用稳态模型评估法计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR);采用逆转录(RT)PCR技术检测胎盘组织中FABP4 mRNA的表达;记录临床相关指标,包括孕妇入院时体质指数(BMI)、收缩压(SP)、舒张压(DP)及平均动脉压(MAP)、血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、肌酐(Cr)、尿酸(UA)、肾小球滤过率(GFR)、24 h尿蛋白定量和新生儿出生体质量.结果 (1)早发型及晚发型子痫前期组孕妇血清中FABP4水平分别为(176±9)及(170±9)ng/L,早发型及晚发型对照组分别为(81±13)及(94±15)ng/L,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).(2)早发型及晚发型子痫前期组孕妇血清FINS、HOMA-IR水平分别为(21.9±4.3)mU/L、5.1±1.7及(22.6±4.0)mU/L、4.9±1.5,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).(3)早发型及晚发型子痫前期组孕妇胎盘组织中FABP4 mRNA的表达水平分别为3.17±0.89及2.97±0.72,均高于晚发型对照组的1.00±0.28,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);但早发型子痫前期组与晚发型子痫前期组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(4)早发型及晚发型子痫前期组新生儿脐血中FABP4水平分别为(92±10)及(100±8)ng/L,均低于晚发型对照组的(141±18)ng/L,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).早发型子痫前期组、晚发型子痫前期组及晚发型对照组新生儿出生体质量两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).相关性分析结果显示,脐血FABP4水平与孕妇血清FABP4及胎盘组织中FABP4 mRNA表达水平均呈明显负相关(r分别为-0.882、-0.678,P<0.05),与新生儿出生体质量呈明显正相关(r=0.728,P<0.05).(5)早发型及晚发型子痫前期组孕妇血清中FABP4水平与胎盘组织中FABP4 mRNA表达水平均呈明显正相关(r分别为0.609、0.403,P<0.05),与血TG(r分别为0.702、0.562),FINS(r分别为0.528、0.423),HOMA-IR(r分别为0.566、0.519),Cr(r分别为0.443、0.523),UA(r分别为0.438、0.413)均呈明显正相关(P<0.05),而与血HDL(r分别为-0.539、-0.498),GFR(r分别为-0.717、-0.778)均呈明显负相关(P<0.05).结论 子痫前期孕妇血清FABP4水平及胎盘组织中FABP4 mRNA表达水平均明显升高,且两者呈明显正相关.提示FABP4水平升高可能是子痫的期发病的重要因素之一,而胎盘组织中FABP4 mRNA表达水平升高可能是导致子痫的期孕妇血清FABP4水平升高的主要原因.     

脂氧素A4、白三烯C4和5-脂氧合酶在重度子痫前期孕妇外周血中的表达及意义

目的 探讨脂氧素A4、白三烯C4和5-脂氧合酶在不同类型重度子痫前期孕妇外周血中的表达及其意义. 方法 收集2010年12月至2011年6月在本院产前检查并分娩的单胎妊娠孕妇共45例,其中正常妊娠组20例,早发型重度子痫前期组10例,晚发型重度子痫前期组15例.酶联免疫吸附试验测定血浆中脂氧素A4和白三烯C4的水平,实时荧光定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应技术检测外周血白细胞中5-脂氧合酶mRNA的表达水平,采用方差分析及LSD-t检验比较组间脂氧素A4、白三烯C4和5-脂氧合酶mRNA的差异,脂氧素A4、白三烯C4和5-脂氧合酶mRNA表达水平间的相关性采用直线相关分析. 结果 早发型和晚发型重度子痫前期组孕妇血浆脂氧素A4水平分别为(355.3±116.0)pg/ml和(389.7±117.5)pg/ml,均较正常妊娠组[(555.0±139.8) pg/ml]明显降低(t=-4.03和-3.77,P均＜0.05).白三烯C4水平在早发型、晚发型重度子痫前期组和正常妊娠组分别为(591.3±185.5) pg/ml、(510.3±197.1) pg/ml和(496.9±158.8) pg/ml,3组间差异无统计学意义(F=0.889,P＞0.05).白细胞中5-脂氧合酶mRNA表达水平在早发型、晚发型重度子痫前期组和正常妊娠组分别为4.8±2.0、4.4±1.2和4.2±1.9,3组间差异无统计学意义(F=0.311,P＞0.05).各组脂氧素A4、白三烯C4水平及5-脂氧合酶mRNA表达水平间均无相关性(P均＞0.05).结论 脂氧素A4早且明显降低可能参与早发型重度子痫前期的发生.     

早发型重度子痫前期妊娠结局分析

目的:探讨早发型重度子痫前期的临床特点及围生结局。方法:回顾性分析2006年6月至2009年6月四川大学华西第二医院收治的重度子痫前期患者413例,以发病孕周34周为界限,分为早发型重度子痫前期组156例(早发型组)及晚发型重度子痫前期组257例(晚发型组)。比较两组一般情况、并发症、分娩方式及围生儿结局等指标。结果:早发型组患者在终止妊娠孕周、延长孕周时间、住院时间、入院时血压、24小时尿蛋白、并发症发生率及围生儿结局等方面与晚发型组比较,差异均有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:早发型重度子痫前期患者病情严重,围生儿预后不佳,应根据母胎情况,适时剖宫产终止妊娠。     

子痫前期孕妇血清、胎盘组织MMP-9及NGAL表达变化及其意义的研究

目的:探讨孕妇血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)水平变化及胎盘组织中MMP-9mRNA、NGAL mRNA表达变化在子痫前期发病中的作用.方法:选取60例重度子痫前期孕妇,按发病时孕周不同分为早发型组(发病孕周≤34周)和晚发型组(发病孕周＞34周)各30例;另选30例正...     

血清瘦素、抵抗素和脂联素水平与子痫前期的相关性研究

目的探讨瘦素、抵抗素和脂联素这三种脂肪因子的血清浓度与子痫前期发病是否存在相关性。方法采用病例对照研究,所有入组孕妇均来自中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院。选取2013年1月至2015年6月期间就诊的74例子痫前期患者为病例组,并根据发病孕周将其分为早发型和晚发型(病例数分别为51例和23例),选取同期产检的无并发症足月分娩孕妇79例为对照组。3种脂肪因子采用酶联免疫吸附法测定。结果病例组和对照组相比,病例组的瘦素水平明显高于对照组[(34.23±22.48)μg/L vs.(15.84±8.98)μg/L,P0.001],瘦素水平在对照组中与BMI呈正相关(r=0.651,P0.001),但在病例组中这种相关性消失;病例组的血清抵抗素水平明显高于对照组[(14.08±6.10)μg/L vs.(9.99±8.33)μg/L,P0.001],抵抗素水平与BMI并无相关性;脂联素水平在两组差异无统计学意义。结论血清抵抗素和瘦素在子痫前期孕妇中明显高于正常妊娠人群,其升高机制仍需进一步探索;脂联素与子痫前期的发生相关性并不明确。     

Placental growth factor and soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 in early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia

OBJECTIVE: To estimate whether alterations in plasma levels of the proangiogenic proteins placental growth factor (PlGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and the antiangiogenic protein soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt1) were more pronounced in early-onset than in late-onset preeclampsia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the levels of sFlt1, PlGF, and VEGF-A in plasma in a control group of nonpregnant women, in an early control group of women at 24-32 weeks of gestation, in a late control group of women at 36-42 weeks of gestation, and in cases of women with early-onset (before 32 weeks of gestation) and late-onset (after 35 weeks of gestation) preeclampsia. RESULTS: Women with early-onset preeclampsia had a 43 times higher median plasma sFlt1 level than early controls (P<.001). Women with late-onset preeclampsia had a three times higher median plasma sFlt1 level than late controls (P<.001). Women with early-onset preeclampsia had a 21 times lower median plasma PlGF level than early controls (P<.001). Women with late-onset preeclampsia had a five times lower median plasma PlGF level than late controls (P=.01). The median level of VEGF-A in plasma was less than 15 pg/mL in all groups of pregnant women. CONCLUSION: Both early- and late-onset preeclampsia are associated with altered plasma levels of sFlt1 and PlGF. The alterations are more pronounced in early-onset rather than in late-onset disease.     

Adiponectin and insulin resistance in early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the importance of adiponectin and insulin resistance in early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia. DESIGN: A nested case-control study in 72 pregnant women who participated in the first-trimester Down-syndrome-screening programme and who delivered at our hospital. SETTING: University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. POPULATION: Pregnant women: 36 women with pre-eclampsia of which 20 late onset and 16 early onset were compared with 36 uncomplicated pregnancies who delivered at term. METHODS: In all the women, insulin resistance was calculated by the homeostasis model assessment ratio (HOMA-IR) and plasma adiponectin was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Insulin resistance and adiponectin concentration. RESULTS: First-trimester plasma adiponectin mean levels in the whole pre-eclampsia group were significantly lower than that in the control group (8.4 +/- 3.3 versus 14.8 +/- 4.6 microgram/ml; P < 0.001), whereas first-trimester mean HOMA-IR values were significantly higher in the pre-eclampsia group than that in the control group (2.0 +/- 1.1 versus 1.0 +/- 0.4; P= 0.01). Plasma adiponectin concentrations at delivery in the pre-eclampsia group were significantly higher than that in the control group (9.2 +/- 3.7 versus 7.8 +/- 2.6 microgram/ml; P= 0.04). First-trimester plasma adiponectin mean concentrations in the late-onset subgroup were significantly lower compared with the concentrations in early-onset subgroup (6.2 +/- 1.4 microgram/ml versus 11.1 +/- 3.2 microgram/ml; P < 0.001), and there was a significant difference in adiponectin plasma values only between women in the late-onset pre-eclampsia group versus those in the control group (P < 0.001). First-trimester mean HOMA-IR values were significantly higher in the late-onset subgroup compared with that of the early-onset subgroup (2.5 +/- 1.3 versus 1.3 +/- 0.3; P= 0.02), and there was a significant difference only between the control group versus the late-onset subgroup (P= 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: First-trimester adiponectin and HOMA-IR values seem to select two completely different populations: early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia, which might suggest a different pathogenesis.     

血清、脐血中MPO水平变化及胎盘组织MPO mRNA表达与子痫前期发病的关系

目的:研究重度子痫前期(PE)患者血清MPO及胎盘组织中MPO mRNA表达水平变化与PE发病的关系,探讨糖脂代谢异常及氧化应激在PE病理生理机制中的可能作用。方法:选取60例重度PE孕妇,按发病时孕周不同分为早发型PE组(孕周34周)和晚发型PE组(孕周≥34周)各30例。另选取同期健康晚期妊娠孕妇60例,分为对照1组(孕周34周)和对照2组(孕周≥34周)各30例。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测胎盘组织中MPO mRNA表达水平;ELISA法检测血清MPO水平。检测患者血压、血脂、血糖、胰岛素水平等指标,进行相关性分析。结果:PE组的血清MPO水平高于对照组(P0.05),且早发型高于晚发型PE组(P0.05);但对照组间比较无差异(P0.05)。PE组的血清TC、TG、LDL、FINS、HOMA-IR分别高于对照组(P0.05),HDL水平低于对照组(P0.05);但PE组间比较及对照组间比较,均无差异(P0.05)。PE组的脐血MPO水平、胎盘组织中MPO mRNA表达水平均高于对照2组(P0.05),且早发型高于晚发型组(P0.05)。PE组的血清MPO水平与TG、HoMA-IR、FINS、胎盘组织MPO mRNA表达水平均呈正相关(r=0.557、0.615;0.694、0.511;0.766、0.717;0.696、0.695),与血HDL呈负相关(r=-0.697,-0.576);对照2组则无相关性。结论:MPO可能参与了PE的病理生理过程。胎盘组织中MPO mRNA表达水平升高可能是血清MPO水平升高的重要原因。PE患者血脂代谢异常及胰岛素抵抗增加与血清MPO水平升高有关,它们可能参与了血清MPO水平升高后促发PE的氧化应激的病理生理过程。     

子痫前期患者血清MPO、hs-CRP水平与新生儿出生体重的相关性

目的:研究重度子痫前期(PE)患者血清髓过氧化物酶(MPO)及超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平与新生儿出生体重的关系。方法:选择2012年1～10月于我院产科住院分娩的60例重度PE孕妇,按发病时孕周不同分为早发型PE组(发病时孕周34周)和晚发型PE组(发病时孕周≥34周)各30例;另选同期正常晚期妊娠孕妇60例,根据孕周不同分为早发型(对照1组)和晚发型(对照2组)各30例。采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血清MPO水平,采用散射比浊法测定hs-CRP。结果:(1)早发型及晚发型PE组孕妇的血清MPO水平高于对照1组及对照2组,4组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且早发型高于晚发型PE组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但对照1组与对照2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)早发型与晚发型PE组血清hs-CRP高于同期对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);早发型组与晚发型组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)早发型与晚发型PE组的血清MPO、hs-CRP水平与新生儿出生体重均呈负相关(P0.05);对照组则与新生儿出生体重无明显相关性(P0.05)。结论:血清MPO、hs-CRP可能在PE的病理生理过程中发挥作用。重度PE患者血清MPO、hs-CRP水平升高可引起新生儿体重下降,其机制可能与胎儿宫内生长发育有关。     

Treatment of hirsutism with ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel contraceptive pills has beneficial effects on the lipid profile and improves insulin sensitivity

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects on the lipid pattern and insulin sensitivity of hirsute women of an oral contraceptive pill containing 30 microg of ethinyl estradiol and 150 microg of desogestrel. DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. SETTING: Tertiary care institutional hospital. PATIENT(S): 16 hirsute women. INTERVENTION(S): Women were evaluated at baseline and after receiving six cycles of oral contraceptive therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Body mass index (BMI); hirsutism score (nine body areas); serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein(a), and serum adrenal and ovarian androgens; and fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. RESULT(S): The mean serum total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol levels increased after six cycles of oral contraceptive therapy. Levels of HDL cholesterol were < 50 mg/dL in 7 of the 16 patients at baseline; these levels normalized in 4 patients after treatment. Serum total and LDL cholesterol remained within the normal range in all patients before and after therapy. No significant changes were observed in serum triglyceride, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein(a) concentrations. Fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance as analyzed by homeostasis model assessment were reduced significantly after therapy. No changes in BMI were observed. Administration of oral contraceptive pills signifiCantly reduced the hirsutism score and hyperandrogenemia. CONCLUSION(S): Oral contraceptive pills containing low-dose ethinyl estradiol and desogestrel are effective in controlling hyperandrogenism and hirsutism and ameliorate the abnormal metabolic profile of women with hirsutism.     

Serum adiponectin concentration and cardiovascular risk factors in climacteric women.

OBJECTIVE: Adiponectin plays a significant role in the modulation of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. We attempted to evaluate the relationship between adiponectin level and parameters of the menopausal metabolic syndrome: body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, lipid profile and insulin resistance indices. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty-two women and ten men aged 40-63 years were included. The percentage of body fat and of abdominal fat deposits were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor-a (TNFalpha) and leptin were measured with commercially available radioimmunoassay kits. To exclude the influence of nutritional factors on adiponectin secretion, diet content was analysed in the preceding three days. RESULTS: Postmenopausal non-obese women had a non-significantly lower level of adiponectin compared with premenopausal women of corresponding body mass. Serum adiponectin level was significantly lower in postmenopausal obese women than in non-obese women (p = 0.0023). Men with similar age and body mass to the women had the lowest level of adiponectin (p = 0.06). Three months of estrogen replacement therapy in women with surgical menopause did not significantly change the serum level of adiponectin. We found a negative correlation of adiponectin with leptin, insulin resistance index and total cholesterol, and a positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Adiponectin level was negatively correlated with free testosterone, but we did not find such a relationship with estradiol. There was no correlation of adiponectin level with TNFalpha; however, serum TNFalpha correlated positively with leptin. The dietary analysis showed no differences between the diets of obese and non-obese women over the preceding three days. Moreover, mean diastolic and systolic blood pressures were noted to be significantly lower in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal non-obese women (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that adiponectin could be a marker of risk for developing menopausal metabolic syndrome. Moreover, it is possible that sex steroids have an influence on adiponectin secretion.     

High levels of heat shock protein 70 are associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and may differentiate early- from late-onset preeclampsia

Preeclampsia (PE), a specific syndrome of pregnancy, can be classified into early and late onset, depending on whether clinical manifestations occur before or after 34 weeks’ gestation. We determined whether plasma concentrations of Hsp60 and Hsp70 were related to circulating cytokine levels, as well as kidney and liver functions, in early- and late-onset PE. Two hundred and thirty-seven preeclamptic women (95 with early- and 142 with late-onset PE) were evaluated. Plasma levels of Hsp60, Hsp70, and their specific antibodies, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-10, IL-12, and soluble TNF-α-receptor I (sTNFRI) concentrations, were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Concentrations of Hsp70, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, and sTNFRI were significantly elevated in patients with early-onset PE compared with women with late-onset PE; IL-10 levels were significantly lower in the early-onset PE group. Concentrations of urea, uric acid, proteinuria, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also significantly higher in early-onset PE. The percentage of infants with intrauterine growth restriction was also significantly higher in women with early-onset PE. There were positive correlations between Hsp70 levels and TNF-α, TNFRI, IL-1β, IL-12, GOT, GPT, LDH, and uric acid concentrations in early-onset PE group. Thus, early-onset PE was associated with greater maternal and fetal impairment. There are differences in pathophysiology between early- and late-onset PE, highlighting by the difference in Hsp70 levels.     

Serum adiponectin concentration and cardiovascular risk factors in climacteric women

Objective Adiponectin plays a significant role in the modulation of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. We attempted to evaluate the relationship between adiponectin level and parameters of the menopausal metabolic syndrome: body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, lipid profile and insulin resistance indices.

Subjects and methods Thirty-two women and ten men aged 40–63 years were included. The percentage of body fat and of abdominal fat deposits were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and leptin were measured with commercially available radioimmunoassay kits. To exclude the influence of nutritional factors on adiponectin secretion, diet content was analysed in the preceding three days.

Results Postmenopausal non-obese women had a non-significantly lower level of adiponectin compared with premenopausal women of corresponding body mass. Serum adiponectin level was significantly lower in postmenopausal obese women than in non-obese women (p?=?0.0023). Men with similar age and body mass to the women had the lowest level of adiponectin (p?=?0.06). Three months of estrogen replacement therapy in women with surgical menopause did not significantly change the serum level of adiponectin. We found a negative correlation of adiponectin with leptin, insulin resistance index and total cholesterol, and a positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Adiponectin level was negatively correlated with free testosterone, but we did not find such a relationship with estradiol. There was no correlation of adiponectin level with TNFα; however, serum TNFα correlated positively with leptin. The dietary analysis showed no differences between the diets of obese and non-obese women over the preceding three days. Moreover, mean diastolic and systolic blood pressures were noted to be significantly lower in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal non-obese women (p?=?0.05).

Conclusions Our results suggest that adiponectin could be a marker of risk for developing menopausal metabolic syndrome. Moreover, it is possible that sex steroids have an influence on adiponectin secretion.