妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症对胎儿生长发育的影响

目的探讨妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)对胎儿生长发育影响的临床意义。方法对54例ICP孕妇(Ⅰ组)和60例正常孕妇(Ⅱ组)产前进行彩色超声(彩超)检查,分别记录胎儿双顶径(BDP)、股骨长度(FL),产后记录新生儿出生时体重、新生儿身长并进行对比分析。结果ICP组与对照组胎儿双顶径、股骨长、新生儿出生时体重、新生儿身长的差异均无统计学意义,早产率差异有统计学意义。结论妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)对胎儿的生长发育无明显影响,但是可以引起胎儿早产。     

瘦素与胎儿生长发育的研究进展

瘦素(Leptin)是ob基因的编码的一种多肽激素,主要由脂肪细胞分泌,在人体脂肪量和体重、能量平衡调节方面起重要作用。胎儿作为一个特殊群体在瘦素代谢方面有许多特点。瘦素在调节胎儿生长发育尤其出生体重方面的作用机制及其具体来源尚不完全清楚。     

孕中晚期母儿甲状腺功能与胎儿生长发育的关系

本文研究目的是了解妊娠期间母儿甲状腺功能关系及对胎儿生长发育的影响,利用放射免疫法和免疫放射法测定了１６９例妊娠中、晚期正常孕妇及胎儿的血清Ｔ３,Ｔ４,ＴＳＨｎ３值,并记录胎儿体重。根据测定数据得出如下结论：１．正常妊娠中晚期母儿间的甲状腺系统没有显著联系,并且,孕中晚期母体甲状腺功能胎儿体重生长没有显著影响。２．胎儿甲状腺激素中Ｔ４,ＦＴ３,ＦＴ４与胎儿体重生长呈正相关,ＴＴ３与胎儿体重生长吾负     

13—41周胎儿11项生长发育指标的研究

对１３￣３５周正常胎儿及３６￣４１周的正常新生儿测身长、体重、头围、胸围、腹围、上臂围、顶臀长、双顶径、足底长９项生长发育指标，１３￣３５周胎儿加测右肱骨长、股骨长。体重于２３￣３７周增长加快，腹围、足底长于２８￣３６周增长最快，双顶径于２３￣２７周增长最快，３７周后各项指标增长均缓慢。２６周时体重、身长、双顶径、头围、胸围、腹围、顶臂长有一个增长高峰。３５￣３６周时除顶臂长外其它又有一个增长高峰     

生长激素与胎儿生长发育关系的探讨

胎儿在母亲子宫内生长发育情况与内分泌因素有很大关系 ,为了探讨胎儿在宫内生长发育与生长激素 (ＧＨ)的关系 ,我们对不同体重的胎儿脐带血清做了ＧＨ浓度检测 ,以探讨其对胎儿体重的影响。材料和方法一、对象 :自 2 0 0 0年 11月～ 12月间 ,在我院第一胎足月分娩健康产妇所生产的健康婴儿 ,共 4 3例。其母亲年龄 2 2～ 3 2岁 ,平均 2 6 1岁。将胎儿按出生时体重分为大、中、小三组 :体重≥ 4 0 0 0ｇ为大体重组 ,体重在 3 0 0 0～ 3 999ｇ为中体重组 ,体重≤ 3 0 0 0ｇ为小体重组 ,大体重组有婴儿 11例 ,中体重组有 2 0例 ,小体重组有 12…     

空气污染能够到达发育中胎儿周围的胎盘

在受污染的空气中呼吸可能会使烟尘远远超出孕妇的肺部,并一直到达包裹她正在发育的胎儿的子宫内。比利时妇女分娩后收集的胎盘样本显示,烟尘或黑碳嵌入到面对胎儿一侧的胎盘组织中。胎盘中的黑碳含量与女性的空气污染暴露有关,这是根据她家附近的黑碳排放量估算的。     

胰岛素样生长因子与胎儿生长发育的关系

为了探讨胎儿在宫内生长发育与胰岛素生长因子 -Ⅰ(IGF -Ⅰ )的关系及明确IGF -Ⅰ在胎儿生长发育中所起的作用 ,我们对不同体重的胎儿脐带血清做了IGF -Ⅰ浓度检测 ,以探讨其对胎儿体重的影响。材料和方法一、对象 :我院第一胎足月分娩健康产妇 71例所生产的健康新生儿 ,其母亲年龄 2 0～ 34岁 ,平均 2 6 2 5岁。将新生儿按出生时体重分为大、中、小三组 :其中体重≥ 4 0 0 0g为大体重组 ,有新生儿 11例 ;体重在 30 0 0～ 3999g为中体重组 ,有新生儿 37例 ;体重≤ 30 0 0g为小体重组 ,有新生儿 2 3例。二、方法 :离胎儿身体 2cm剪断脐…     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症对胎儿生长发育影响的临床观察

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症（intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy,ICP）是妊娠中晚期特有的并发症,对胎儿有致命性损害,主要影响为胎儿窘迫、胎儿生长受限、死胎死产、早产等,对母体的影响主要是胆汁淤积所致的全身或局部皮肤瘙痒、复发性黄疸、肝功能异常、凝血功能障碍和产后大出血。近年来众多研究表明,ICP对胎儿的生长发育有明显的影响,为了解孕妇并发ICP对胎儿生长发育各项指标的影响,对确诊的28例ICP孕妇所生的活产儿测量体重、身长、头围、胸围、顶臀长和上臂围6项指标,并与正常新生儿进行比较。现将结果报告如下。     

大气污染颗粒物质与心血管疾病

据世界卫生组织 (WHO)的数字 ,在世界范围内 ,城市大气污染造成每年约 80 0 0 0 0人死亡、世界人口总健康寿命减少约 4 6 0 0 0 0 0人年[1] 。实际上 ,这种影响在地理上的分布并不均匀 :其中约三分之二的死亡和健康寿命减少现象发生在亚洲的发展中国家。世界发展指标表明 ,世界     

The development of fetal pylorus during the fetal period

Objective  The objective of this study was to explore the localization of the pylorus, its macroscopic and microscopic development and relationship with neighboring structures. Materials and methods  The study is carried out on 160 human fetuses aged between 9 and 40 weeks of gestation. Abdomen was divided into four quadrants by horizontal and vertical planes passing through the umbilicus. Topographical localization of the pylorus in reference to these quadrants and its distance were determined. Pylorus was divided into pre-pyloric, pyloric, and post-pyloric regions. Starting from the pre-pyloric end, serial sections spanning whole pyloric part were obtained. Wall thickness, the thickness of the muscular coat were measured under light microscope using sections stained with hematoxylin eosin. Sections with the thickest muscular coat were considered as the region where pyloric sphincter was. Findings  Pylorus was located in the right upper quadrant, on the median plane and in the left upper quadrant. There was a significant relation between the thickness of the muscular coat in the stomach, duodenum and the pyloric region and gestational age. In the region of the pyloric sphincter, the rate of increase in the thickness of the muscular coat was higher in the first and the first half of the second trimesters than term fetuses. Conclusion  We believe that data obtained in the present study will contribute to the assessment of development of the pyloric region in intra-uterine cases.     

Chorangiosis: the potential role of smoking and air pollution

Chorangiosis is considered to be strongly associated with various fetal, maternal, and placental disorders, including pre-eclampsia, diabetes, hypertension, and major congenital anomalies, and has been found to correlate with increased fetal morbidity and mortality. In this study, we investigated the pathologic effects of maternal smoking and air pollution on the pathogenesis of chorangiosis. We investigated 92 placentas macroscopically and microscopically over a 3-month period (March 2006-May 2006) at Denizli State Hospital to identify the frequency of chorangiosis and the potential role of maternal smoking and air pollution. Placental changes were examined by light microscopy after hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical evaluation of CD 34 and CD 68; muscle-specific actin was used to confirm the diagnosis. Among the 92 mothers included in the study, 33 were smokers (group I), 31 were thought to have been exposed to air pollution (group II), and 28 were living in rural areas free of air pollution and maternal smoking (group III). Chorangiosis was found in 14% (13/92) of all placentas: 7 (53.8%) cases were assigned to group I, 5 (38.5%) to group II, and 1 (7.7%) to group III. Vascular changes were found mainly in the smoking and air pollution groups. There appeared to be no correlation of these vascular changes with placental weight, parity, gestational age, major congenital anomalies, and maternal factors, including diabetes and pre-eclampsia. We presume that smoking and air pollution may contribute to the development of chorangiosis. We suggest that chorangiosis may be an adaptive response to maternal hypoxia, and studies addressing the role of smoking and air pollution in chorangiosis may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of this condition.     

胎儿纤维连接蛋白与支原体宫颈炎和羊水胎粪污染关系的研究

目的通过检测胎儿纤维连接蛋白（FFN）,研究支原体宫颈炎和羊水胎粪污染的关系,为预测胎儿窘迫提供新方法。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）对支原体宫颈炎患者120例（研究组）,健康孕妇81例（对照组）进行宫颈阴道分泌物FFN检测,以FFN≥50ng／mL为判断阳性标准。结果研究组FFN阳性患者75例,阳性率62．5％（75／120）,对照组FFN阳性患者31例,阳性率38．2％（31／81）;研究组羊水胎粪污染18例,阳性率24％（18／75）,对照组羊水胎粪污染2例,阳性率畅（2／50）。两组比较均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论FFN与支原体宫颈炎有关系,对预测羊水胎粪污染及早期治疗胎儿窘迫有价值。     

The genotype-dependent influence of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes on fetal development

In many cases cancer is caused by gene deficiency that is being passed along from generation to generation. Soluble carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown promising applications in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer, however, the potential relationship between cancer-prone individuals and response to CNT exposure as a prerequisite for development of personalized nanomedicine, is still poorly understood. Here we report that intravenous injections of multi-walled carbon nanotubes into p53 (a well-known cancer-susceptible gene) heterozygous pregnant mice can induce p53- dependent responses in fetal development. Larger sized multi-walled carbon nanotubes moved across the blood-placenta barrier (BPB), restricted the development of fetuses, and induced brain deformity, whereas single-walled and smaller sized multi-walled carbon nanotubes showed no or less fetotoxicity. A molecular mechanism study found that multi-walled carbon nanotubes directly triggered p53-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage. Based on the molecular mechanism, we also incorporated N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an FDA approved antioxidant, to prevent CNTs induced nuclear DNA damage and reduce brain development abnormalities. Our findings suggest that CNTs might have genetic background-dependent toxic effect on the normal development of the embryo, and provide new insights into protection against nanoparticle-induced toxicity in potential clinical applications.