紫杉醇／顺铂联合同步放疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效

目的观察紫杉醇／顺铂联合同步放疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及安全性。方法紫杉醇60mg／m^2 dl,8,15,顺铂30mg／m^2,dl,8,15,28天为一周期,同时适当水化,预防胃肠道反应,共化疗3～6周期。每周期化疗前12h和3h同时服用地塞米松7．5mg和雷尼替丁0．15g。同步放疗的方案是每天1．8～2Gy,每周5d,总放疗量是64—70Gy／6．5—7周。结果20例中有4例（20％）获得CR,8例（40％）获得PR,OOR为60％。结论紫杉醇／顺铂联合同步放疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌是有效的,有一定的毒副作用,但是可以耐受。     

紫杉醇联合草酸铂作为IV期非小细胞肺癌化疗方案的临床研究

目的观察紫杉醇联合革酸铂作为IV期非小细胞肺癌化疗方案与紫杉醇联合顺铂方案的近期疗效以及毒副作用比较。方法IV期非小细胞肺癌者64例，经随机平均分为两组。两组的紫杉醇剂量60-80g／m^2第1天、第8天、第15天静脉滴注，一疗程总量135mg／m^2。其中治疗组草酸铂130mg／m^2静脉滴注，第1天，每4周重复。对照组顺铂75mg／m^2静脉滴注，第1天，每4周重复。连续化疗2周期，化疗后4周评价化疗疗效及比较毒副作用。结果治疗完全缓解2例，部分缓解13例，稳定14例，进展3例，有效率为46．9％。对照组完成缓解2例，部分缓解12例，稳定14例，进展4例，有效率为43．8％。治疗组有效率高于对照组，经过统计分析无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。治疗组的神经毒性较对照组明显（P〈0．05），对照组恶心呕吐反应和肝肾毒性较治疗组明显（P〈0．05）。两组的血液系统毒性相似（P〉0．05）。结论紫杉醇联合草酸铂作为IV期非小细胞肺癌化疗方案与紫杉醇联合顺铂方案比较近期疗效相当，胃肠道反应和肝肾毒性较轻，神经毒性较大。     

三种喜树碱类衍生物分别联合卡铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效观察

目的观察卡铂分别联合伊立替康、拓扑替康、羟基喜树碱，治疗经一线方案治疗失败的晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效和毒副反应。方法86例晚期复发性非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为3组，A组（29例）给予卡铂350mg／m^2d1＋伊立替康60mg／m^2d1、8、15，每4周重复1次；B组（29例）给予卡铂350mg／m^2d1＋拓扑替康1mg／m^2d1～5，每3周重复1次；C组（28例）给予卡铂350mg／m^2d1＋羟基喜树碱10mg／m^2d1～5，每3周重复1次。结果伊立替康方案组有效率为28．00％、拓扑替康方案组有效率为26．92％，羟基喜树碱方案有效率为28．57％。三组不良反应主要是骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应等，伊立替康组独有延迟性腹泻。结论卡铂分别联合伊立替康、拓扑替康、羟基喜树碱三种喜树碱类衍生物治疗经一线方案治疗失败的非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效相似，但不良反应有所不同，伊立替康独有延迟性腹泻，有待进一步临床上应用观察。     

多西他赛联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效分析

目的 评价国产多烯紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和不良。方法 55例经细胞学或病理学证实的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者采用TP方案，TAX5mg／m^2，DDP30mg／m^2，1～3d进行治疗。21天为1个周期，连续应用2个周期以上给予评价。结果 55例非小细胞肺癌，完全缓解3．6％，部分缓解40％，总有效率43．60％。主要不良反应为骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应、肌肉及关节疼痛。结论 TAX联合DDP治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效好，不良反应可以耐受。     

紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌48例疗效观察

目的观察紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效、毒性反应。方法48例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者给予紫杉醇135mg／m^2第1天＋卡铂300mg／m^2第1天,4周为1个周期,治疗2个周期以上。结果总有效率47．9％,中位生存期为8．3个月,KPS评分增加者占62．5％,毒副作用主要为骨髓抑制,Ⅲ度以上白细胞下降率35．3％,其他毒副作用轻微。结论紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌有较高的有效率,还能改善患者的机体状态。     

紫杉醇联合草酸铂作为Ⅲ a期非小细胞肺癌术前化疗方案的研究

目的 观察紫杉醇联合草酸铂作为Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌术前化疗方案的近期疗效以及毒副作用。方法 60例Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌患者,随机分为两组。治疗组紫杉醇60～80mg／m^2分别于第1天、第8天、第15天静滴,总量135mg／m^2;草酸铂130mg／m^2静滴,第1天。间隔4周。对照组紫杉醇60～80mg／m^2分别于第1天、第8天、第15天静滴,总量135mg／m^2;顺铂75mg／m^2静滴,第1天。间隔4周。均化疗2周期,化疗后4周评价化疗疗效并进行手术。结果 治疗组完全缓解1例,部分缓解12例,稳定16例,进展1例,有效缓解率43．3％。对照组完全缓解1例,部分缓解10例,稳定18例,进展1例,有效缓解率36．7％。治疗组近期疗效稍高于对照组,经过统计分析无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。两组的骨髓抑制毒性相似（P〉0．05）,治疗组的神经毒性较对照组明显（P〈0．05）,对照组的胃肠道反应和肝肾毒性较治疗组明显（P〈0．05）。结论 紫杉醇联合草酸铂作为Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌术前化疗方案与紫杉醇联合顺铂方案比较近期疗效相当,胃肠道反应和肝肾毒性较轻。     

拓扑替康联合顺铂治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的：观察拓扑替康联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效及毒性反应。方法：观察组使用拓扑替康联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌29例。对照组30例晚期非小细胞肺癌使用EP、CAP方案。结果：观察组总有效率55．17％，对照组总有效率33．33％，P＜0．05，差异有显著意义，但观察组血液系统毒性反应程度及发生率均高于对照组，P＞0．05，差异无显著意义，两组非血液性毒性反应相似，肝、肾功能基本正常。结论：观察组疗效确切，毒性反应可以耐受，说明拓扑替康联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌较好的疗效，具有进一步临床应用的价值。     

异环磷酰胺联合长春瑞滨治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效分析

目的 研究异环磷酰胺（IFO）联合长春瑞滨（NVB）的非铂类方案治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效、毒性以找到一种临床上更有效方案。方法 107例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者，采用IFO1．5g／m^2静脉滴d1～d4，NVB25mg／m^2静脉滴d1、d8，每3周重复，至少用2个周期。结果 完全缓解3例，部分缓解48例，有效率47．7％；中位生存期10．3个月，1年生存率42％，2年生存率12．3％；主要的毒副反应为血液毒性，白细胞下降83．2％，其中Ⅲ～Ⅳ度37．4％；恶心呕吐24．3％。结论 该方案是治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌较好的方案，毒副反应能耐受，是理想的值得临床首选的非铂类方案。     

紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的：观察紫杉醇（PTX）联合卡铂（CBP）治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及毒性反应。方法 经病理学证实的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者88例，采用紫杉醇＋卡铂方案。紫杉醇每天150mg／时第1天静脉点滴；卡铂0．1g，第1—5天各静脉点滴，21天为一周期。结果完全缓解（CR）2例，部分缓解（PR）42例，稳定（SD）33例，进展（PD）11例，总有效率50％。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制，以白细胞减少为常见，发生率为77．27％。结论 PTX＋CBP治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌可获得较高疗效，毒副反应轻，是一个较好的联合化疗方案。     

多西他赛联合顺铂、5-Fu每周方案与三周方案治疗晚期胃癌疗效比较

目的观察比较多西他赛联合顺铂、5-Fu（DCF）每周方案与三周方案治疗晚期胃癌临床疗效及毒副反应。方法60例晚期胃癌被分为两组,每周方案组多西他赛25mg／m^2静脉滴注,第1,8,15天,顺铂25mg／m^2静脉滴注,第1～3天,5-Fu500mg／m^2静脉滴注,第1～5天,每4周重复。三周方案组多西他赛75mg/m^2静脉滴注,第1天,顺铂25mg/m^2静脉滴注,第1～3天,5-Fu500mg／m^2静脉滴注,第1～5天,每3周重复。治疗2个周期评价疗效,每周期评价毒性。结果两组共60例,均无化疗相关性死亡,A组有效率40％,B组有效率43．3％。两组中性粒细胞Ⅲ／Ⅳ度减少分别为33．3％和70％;Ⅲ／Ⅳ度疲劳乏力,两组分别为23．3％和40％。结论多西他赛联合顺铂、5-Fu治疗晚期胃癌每周方案与三周方案相比,疗效相似,但每周方案血液学毒性反应与疲劳乏力感明显下降,耐受性好。     

Role of the liver in the disposition of intravenous nitroglycerin in the rat

Previous studies have indicated that the liver is the main site of nitroglycerin (NTG) elimination when the drug is systematically infused. To examine this hypothesis, we measured the apparent systemic clearance (Cls) of nitroglycerin in anesthesized rats receiving a constant intravenous infusion at a dose of 100 micrograms per kg per min. Animals were divided into shunt and sham groups; the former had undergone a portal vein ligation 10 days prior to the study, while the latter was subjected to a sham operation. On the study day, half of the animals of each group also received probenecid at 200 mg/kg, i.v., a drug previously reported to inhibit organic nitrate ester reductase (ONER) activity in rat liver. Arterial NTG samples were obtained at 41, 43 and 45 min of infusion in all four experimental groups; Cls was 439 +/- 32 ml per kg per min (mean +/- S.E.) in sham, 460 +/- 44 in sham and probenecid, 477 +/- 39 in shunt, and 461 +/- 34 in shunt and probenecid animals. During NTG infusion, hepatic blood flow (measured with a constant infusion of indocyanine green) was decreased markedly in shunted rats as was liver/body weight, indicating hepatic atrophy. The specific activity of hepatic ONER was similar in all four groups. In spite of marked differences in hepatic blood flow and hepatic mass, the Cls was similar in all four groups. The liver does not appear to be a major site for the elimination of systemic nitroglycerin as hitherto assumed.     

半导体激光治疗老年人压疮疗效观察

目的探讨半导体激光局部照射治疗老年人压疮疗效.方法:收集2012年1月-2015年6月48例压疮患者,分为半导体组和常规组各24例.常规组采用常规治疗,半导体组采用半导体激光加常规治疗,10 d为1个疗程,不超过3个疗程.疗程结束后比较两组疗效.结果:半导体组压疮愈显率为83.33％,创面愈合时间为(12.75±5.51)d,常规组分别为54.17％和(19.63±8.65)d,组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组均未见不良反应.结论:半导体激光加常规治疗压疮效果肯定,无明显不良反应,且操作简便.     

Nifedipine in the treatment of hypertension in the elderly

The effect of nifedipine monotherapy, retard tablets, 20 mg bid, was evaluated in 23 hypertensive patients, mean age, 79 +/- 2 years. Twenty-one patients completed an eight-week study. Blood pressure (BP) decreased to 160/90 mm Hg in 15 patients; in four additional patients diastolic BP dropped by 15% to 28%. In a subset of five patients with isolated systolic hypertension, a significant reduction in systolic BP was noted. Side effects were relatively mild and only two patients discontinued the study. The results suggest that nifedipine monotherapy offers an alternative, logic, therapeutic approach to hypertension in the elderly.     

HACCP在学校集体食堂卫生管理中的应用研究

目的 通过HACCP在学校集体食堂管理中的应用,提高食品卫生水平,保障学生的身体健康。方法 HACCP原则。结果 食品卫生达到较高水平,极大地减少了食物中毒的发生。结论 提示HACCP原则可在学校集体食堂的卫生管理中发挥有效作用。     

The role of the gut flora in the reduction of sulphinpyrazone in the rat

Sulphinpyrazone underwent both reduction to a sulphide and oxidation to a sulphone after parenteral administration to normal Wistar rats. Oral administration was associated with a bioavailability of about 75% and with a 3-fold greater formation of the sulphide. However, no sulphide was detected in the plasma after oral administration of sulphinpyrazone to germ-free (BD/X) rats or normal rats treated with oral antibiotics. In vitro studies showed that the major site of reduction of sulphinpyrazone was the contents of the hind gut with little activity detected in the liver or other tissues. The sulphide was oxidised in vivo to sulphinpyrazone and small amounts of sulphone, while the latter underwent only slight reduction to sulphinpyrazone, but did not give detectable levels of the sulphide. These data suggest that the gut microflora are the main site of reduction of sulphinpyrazone in the rat in vivo.     

Problems in the evaluation of hypnosis in the treatment of alcoholism

Although hypnotherapy has been applied to alcoholism for over a century and is accepted by the AMA as a medically valid technique, the effectiveness of hypnosis in treating alcoholics remains controversial. Systematic evaluation has been hampered by the unique role of hypnosis as a cultural artifact, by problems in defining and verifying hypnotic intervention, by individual and situational variation in hypnotizability, and by difficulty in separating hypnosis from the therapies to which it is applied. Clinicians using hypnosis are likely to continue to base their claims for its effectiveness on intuition, especially since no study has demonstrated that hypnotherapy is contraindicated for patients requesting its use.     

Pharmacological analysis of the participation of the catecholaminergic system in the development of the abstinence syndrome in rats

The behavioural activity of rats in "the open field" was studied. It was revealed that rats alcoholized for 8 months do not practically differ in their behavioural indicators from the intact ones. After the discontinuation of alcohol marked disturbances appear in their behaviour, that are arrested by apomorphine (0,1 mg/kg). In intact animals dopamine (50 mkg into the brain ventricles) induces behavioural disorders similar to those in rats during abstinence. Noradrenaline does not induce similar disorders. A conclusion is made on the dopaminergic nature of disorders in the behaviour of rats in the state of alcohol abstinence.