Effects of rearing temperature on hematological and biochemical parameters of great sturgeon (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1758) juvenile

The effect of environmental temperature changes on hematological and biochemical parameters of Huso huso juveniles was studied. Six-month-old juveniles with mean body weight of 69.2 ± 4.1 g were subjected to different temperatures (9–14°C, 15–20°C, and 21–26°C, respectively). The hematological parameters, ion Ca2+, glucose, and the cortisol concentrations were assessed after a period of 21 days rearing at these temperatures. The results show that hematocrit, Ca²⁺, and eosinophil were affected by different temperatures. Increasing temperature led to a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the hematocrit, Ca²⁺, and eosinophil, but white blood cell count, lymphocyte, cortisol, and glucose concentrations were decreased slightly (P > 0.05). The rest of the parameters showed no significant effect with increase in environmental temperature (P > 0.05). These data show significant effect of temperature on the blood parameters of great sturgeon.     

Determining age- and sex-related changes in serum biochemical and electrolytes profile of beluga (Huso huso)

The age- and sex-related change of serum biochemical and electrolytes blood parameters of beluga (Huso huso) in culture conditions were investigated. Blood samples were obtained from 4-, 6-, 7- and 8-year-old beluga (n?=?7 for each sex and age) reared in culture conditions. Alb, bilirubin and TOP levels in 7- and 8-year-old fish of both sexes were significantly higher (p?<?0.05) than in 4- and 6-year-old fish. The mean values of Glc were significantly different (p?<?0.05) in both sexes of 6-, 7- and 8-year-old cultured fish. However, the 8-year-old fish of both sexes had higher CHO and TGL levels than the others (p?<?0.05). There were no significant differences (p?<?0.05) among all electrolyte levels in the fish serum of both sexes. These results suggest that the blood parameters of beluga are affected by age- and sex-related factors. These findings provide some information for the environmental and aquaculture officials responsible for future decisions regarding the management and rearing of fish used for human purposes.     

The effect of water-soluble fraction of crude oil on serum biochemical changes in the great sturgeon Huso huso

Caspian Sea has oil treasure as well as fisheries resources. One the most precious resources of fisheries are sturgeons. Crude oil is a very dangerous pollutant of water ecosystems which are in possession of oil resources. In the present study, juveniles beluga were exposed to four indirect doses (0, 10, 100, 500, and 1,000 ppm) of water-soluble fraction (WSF) of crude oil for 0 h, 48 h, and 7 days. The results showed that after 48 h of exposure, all biochemical indices (glucose, triglyceride, calcium, and protein) significantly increased (P?≤?0.05). Furthermore, all biochemical indices showed significantly elevation after exposure to WSF of oil for 7 days (P?≤?0.01). Among enzymatic parameters in both sampling times, alkaline phosphatase decreased and the aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase increased along with different doses of WSF of crude oil exposure.     

Effects of different dietary prebiotic inulin levels on blood serum enzymes, hematologic, and biochemical parameters of great sturgeon (Huso huso) juveniles

An 8-week growth trial was carried out in freshwater fiberglass tanks to investigate the effects of different dietary prebiotic inulin levels on hematologic and biochemical parameters and some blood serum enzymes in juvenile great sturgeon (Huso huso). Four experimental diets were formulated to contain different prebiotic inulin levels (0.0%, 1.0%, 2.0%, and 3.0%, respectively). Triplicate groups of fish (50 fish per tank with an average body weight of 16.14 ± 0.38 g) were assigned to each diet. Blood samples were taken from the caudal vein of 60 apparently healthy fish at the end of the trial. No significant differences were observed in serum enzymes between the treatment groups (P > 0.05). The results show that with the increase in supplementation level of inulin, the mean values of alkaline phosphatase decreased but the mean value of other enzymes increased. white blood cell count increased significantly in group treated with 1% inulin compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). No significant difference between the treatment groups was observed in some hematologic and biochemical parameters such as red blood cell count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and glucose (P > 0.05). With the increase supplementation level of inulin, the mean values of cholesterol, MCH, and MCH concentration increased, but the mean value of glucose, white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular volume decreased.     

Effect of photoperiod on blood parameters of young beluga sturgeon (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1758)

This study investigated the effect of manipulated photoperiod on haematological parameter in beluga sturgeon (Huso huso). One hundred eight fish (24-month old) were randomly allocated into 18 tanks. Each tank received one of six photoperiod regimes for 73 days: natural photoperiod, 24Light (L):0Dark (D), 16L:8D, 12L:12D, 8L:16D and 0L:24D. Different photoperiods had no significant effects on hormonal and cytological features of blood in young beluga sturgeon.     

Hematological, serum biochemical parameters, and physiological responses to acute stress of Beluga sturgeon (Huso huso, Linnaeus 1785) juveniles fed dietary nucleotide

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary nucleotide on serum biochemical and hematological parameters as well as stress response in Beluga sturgeon Huso huso juveniles. Fish (12.6?±?0.5?g) were fed diets containing 0%, 0.15%, 0.25%, 0.35%, and 0.50% nucleotide over a 62-day period. The experiment was carried out in 600-L tanks with 30 fish per tank. Fish were fed five times a day until apparent satiation. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from treatments for investigation of biochemical and hematological parameters. Then, fish were subjected to an acute stress. Blood samples were collected at 0 and 6?h post stress, and plasma cortisol and glucose levels were determined. The results showed that total protein, cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin, and globulin were not affected by dietary nucleotide (P?>?0.05). Hematocrit and hemoglobin values were significantly higher in the 0.35% treatment compared to those of the control (P?<?0.05). Beluga juveniles fed 0.5% dietary nucleotide had a significantly lower hemoglobin value (P?<?0.05). Lymphocyte proportion was significantly higher in the 0.25 and 0.35 nucleotide groups than in the control group (P?<?0.05). Cortisol and glucose levels in all groups were significantly affected by time; nevertheless, in fish fed nucleotides, stress-induced cortisol elevation was lower compared to that of the control group (P?<?0.05). The results indicated that dietary nucleotide supplementation was capable of affecting hematological parameters and physiological stress responses of Beluga juveniles.     

Hematotoxic effects of direct infusion of crude diesel oil on juvenile great sturgeon Huso huso

Changes in the hematological and immunological parameters of fish due to anthropological pollutants, may lead to hematotoxic and immunotoxic effects. The objectives of current study were to determine the experimental effects of direct infusion of crude diesel oil on hematological and immunological features of juvenile great sturgeon Huso huso. During this toxicity test, juveniles of beluga were exposed to the acute doses (5, 10, 20, 40, 100, 500, and 1,000 ppm) of direct infusion crude diesel oil for 0, 48 h and 7 days. WBC, MCH, MCHC, and neutrophil in fish exposed to crude diesel oil for 48 h were significantly greater compared to the respective control groups and RBC, Hb, Ht, MCV, and lymphocyte were significantly lower than control groups (P?≤?0.05). Eosinophils did not vary significantly in the groups exposed to 48 h crude diesel oil compared to the respective control groups (P?>?0.05). Furthermore, 7-day exposures showed that WBC and Neutrophil were significantly greater compared to the respective control groups (P?≤?0.05) and MCV was depleted within the crude diesel oil adjacency.     

Sexing of farmed immature beluga (Huso huso) using steroid hormone levels as indicators

In order to avoid the invasiveness of sexing associated with biopsy in beluga (Huso huso), we explored the possibilities of using sex steroid levels to determine the sex of farmed immature fish. Belugas were selected randomly from 2-, 4- and 5-year-old stocks, cultured under the same environmental and feeding regimes. Conventional methods of sexing by biopsy and histological observation were used to determine the sex and gonadal stage, while enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the levels of testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E₂) in serum. All fish had differentiated gonads, and males and females could be distinguished microscopically in all age groups. T levels differed significantly between males and females but made for poor predictors of sex due to the substantial overlap in ranges of T levels in both sexes. There was no significant difference in E₂ levels between males and females. When calculating the T/E₂ ratios (TER), a clear separation was obtained for 5-year-old fish, ratios over 40 predicting male and those below 40 predicting female phenotypes. The study demonstrated that the TER can be used as an effective indicator to separate males and females in cultured immature 5-year-old beluga.     

Serum lipid, free fatty acid, and proteins in juvenile sturgeons: Acipenser persicus and Acipenser stellatus

Serum biochemical parameters are important aspects in the management of endangered species such as Acipenser persicus and Acipenser stellatus. Serum samples of 14 juvenile A. persicus and A. stellatus were analyzed and their serum parameter values were determined as mean ± SD in both groups. We compared the levels of phospholipid (26.73–42.79 mmol/L), triglyceride (2.38–2.37 mmol/L), total cholesterol (3.04–3.55 mmol/L), total lipid (32.09–50.11 mmol/L), total protein (32.22–27.78 g/L), albumin (7.25–6.85 g/L), globulin (24.86–20.62 g/L), Alb:Glb ratio (0.39–0.18), glucose (7.45 mmol/L), and free fatty acid (110.25–32.58 mg/L) in the two species. We have shown that there was no difference between groups in terms of any parameters (p > 0.05).     

On the adrenergic system of ganoid fish: the beluga,Huso huso (Chondrostei)

The adrenergic system of the beluga, Huso huso, was studied by glyoxylic acid fluorescence histochemistry, analyses of catecholamine content in various organs and studies of the effects of acetylcholine and adrenaline on isolated strip preparations from blood vessels, spleen, atrium and ventricle. Chromaffin cells were found mainly in the walls of the posterior cardinal veins, and to some extent also in the wall of the celiaco-mesenteric artery. The plasma concentration of adrenaline was high enough to affect the contraction force of the isolated atrial and ventricular strips, thus adding an adrenergic component to a possible cholinergic inhibitory vagal control of the heart. Fluorescence histochemistry revealed no direct adrenergic innervation of the heart, but blood vessels in the heart and elsewhere received a rich supply of adrenergic nerve terminals. Adrenaline contracted the celiaco-mesenteric artery and the spleen, and produced positive inotropic effects on the paced atrial and ventricular strip preparations. Acetylcholine contracted the ventral aorta and the celiaco-mesenteric artery, and reduced the contraction force of paced ventricular and, especially, atrial preparations. It is concluded that the beluga has a well developed adrenergic system consisting of both chromaffin cells and adrenergic neurons with varicose nerve terminals of the type found in the higher vertebrates.     

Determination of normal blood biochemistry (electrolytes and non-electrolytes) values in mature Huso huso in spring

Knowledge of fish haematology can provide information supportive of a wide variety of uses. These studies have generally been used as an effective and sensitive index to monitor physiological and pathological changes in fish, especially in the management of endangered species such as Huso huso. In this study, 12 biochemical parameters in mature H. huso were measured. Serum samples of 40 H. huso (20 males and 20 females) were analysed, and their serum parameter values were determined as median (percentiles) in males and females, respectively: Na, 162.70 (160–164.75) and 141.10 (156–144.9 mmol/l); K, 3.2 (2.75–3.35) and 3.1 (2.75–3.85 mmol/l); Ca, 9.6 (7.8–11) and 9.7 (8.6–10.9 mg/dl); P, 14.7 (12.65–15.65) and 12.1 (11.25–13.95 mg/dl); glucose, 176 (124.5–234.5) and 173 (147.5–212 mg/dl); triglyceride, 770 (607.5–872) and 750 (664.5–842 mg/dl); bilirubin, 0.67 (0.575–0.825) and 0.61 (0.525–0.745 mg/dl); TOP, 3.2 (2.85–3.45) and 3.6 (3–3.8 g/dl); albumin, 1.4 (1.3–1.6) and 1.6 (1.2–1.85 g/dl); cholesterol, 286 (202–289.5) and 239 (202–308 mg/dl); creatinine, 0.13 (0.11–0.14) and 0.11 (0.9–0.15 mg/dl) and BUN, 15.2 (12.3–17.6) and 17.7 (15.7–19.55 mg/dl). The concentration of P was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in males than in females and levels of BUN and TOP in females was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in male fish.     

Haematology of great sturgeon (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1758) juvenile exposed to clove powder as an anaesthetic

The anaesthetic effects of clove powder were studied in juvenile great sturgeon. Haematological parameters were assessed before, immediately after and 24 h after 10 min of anaesthesia using clove powder at 175, 225, 275 and 350 mg/L concentrations. The 10-min exposure to clove powder caused a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the haematocrit, haemoglobin and total erythrocyte count after anaesthesia. These values returned back to normal within 24 h. Clove powder anaesthesia had no effect on any other haematological parameter measured. Results of the examinations suggest that the use of clove powder at the concentrations of 175, 225, 275 and 350 mg/L does not cause irreversible damage of the blood parameters in juvenile great sturgeon.     

Hematological and serum biochemical indices changes induced by replacing fish meal with plant protein (sesame oil cake and corn gluten) in the Great sturgeon (Huso huso)

This study was carried out on the possibility of replacing fish meal in fish diets with two plant protein sources (sesame oil cake and corn gluten). Experimental diets with 47.5 % of crude protein were prepared in four replacement levels of 0, 160, 320, and 480 g?kg^?1, respectively. Great sturgeons have been fed for 8 weeks. Experimental diets showed a significant reduction (P?<?0.05) in the hemoglobin, glucose, iron, and phosphorus plasma, while significant differences were not found in hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell, red blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil, eosinophile, calcium, triglyceride, total protein, and cholesterol of plasma (p?>?0.05). The results of the present study revealed that the maximum levels of fish meal replacement by corn gluten and sesame oil cake in diets of Beluga (Huso huso) could be between 16 and 48 % of total protein sources of diet.     

Comparison of serum enzyme activity in great sturgeon, Huso huso, cultured in brackish and freshwater earth ponds in Iran

Blood samples were collected from 60 great sturgeons, Huso huso, to establish the following serum enzyme activity: aspartate amino-transferase (AST), alanine amino-transferase (ALT), lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) using an autoanalyzer, and acid phosphatase (ACP) by manual method. Thirty 5-year-old cultured fish were caught from each of two sites; a brackish-water earth pond in Bafgh and a freshwater pond in Gorgan in the centre and northeast of Iran, during May 2006. Results of the serum enzymes activity for H. huso samples from Bafgh and Gorgan were: AST, 502.9 ± 258.2 and 436.1 ± 186.8; ALT, 104.4 ± 35.1 and 53.1 ± 38.7; LDH, 3094.2 ± 1277.5 and 2486.3 ± 1393.3; CK, 3632.9 ± 2618.7 and 3967 ± 5054.9; ALP, 281.2 ± 112.7 and 762.2 ± 600.2; ACP, 13.3 ± 2.5 and 33 ± 6.8 IU/L. Mean values of ALT, ALP and ACP were significantly different in the fish from the two sites (p < 0.05). These results may be used to understand some biological (e.g., serum enzyme activity) and ecological characteristics of cultured H. huso.     

Serum biochemical parameters of endangered Caspian brown trout, Salmo trutta caspius (Kessler, 1870)

Serum biochemical parameters are important aspects in the management of endangered species such as endangered Caspian brown trout. The values of these parameters can be used for confirming any changes in the quality of waters and related soils. Serum samples of 20 (10 females?+?10 males) Caspian brown trout fish with same total weight and length were analysed. We compared the plasma concentrations of calcium (Ca; female, 2.4?±?0.4; male, 2.6?±?0.5 mmol/l), magnesium (Mg; female, 0.7?±?0.3 mmol/l; male, 0.8?±?0.3 mmol/l), sodium (Na; female, 139.9?±?3.9 mmol/l; male, 149.2?±?5.7 mmol/l), potassium (K; female, 3.4?±?0.3 mmol/l; male, 4.3?±?0.7 mmol/l), and chloride (Cl; female, 128.5?±?2.3 mmol/l; male, 133.3?±?3.8). According to the results, there were no differences in the Ca and Mg between the sexes. However, male fish have higher Na, K and Cl than females.     

Clinical value of urinary biochemical parameters

Twelve of the urine parameters, namely sodium, potassium, chloride, urea, creatinine, uric acid, calcium, phosphate, protein, microalbumin, amylase and glucose, routinely measured in a biochemistry laboratory were chosen to revalue their interest in clinical practice. For each parameter, urinary collection method, physiologic review and specific indications were set out. The clinical interest of chloride, urea, phosphate or uric acid measurement seem limited to specific pathological conditions. The measurement of urine amylase is out of interest.     

甲状腺激素与糖尿病患者的血脂、血糖代谢的临床相关性分析

目的 探究糖尿病患者甲状腺激素与血脂、血糖的相关关系及临床意义.方法 选择2015年6月至2016年8月入住本院治疗的280例甲状腺功能正常的糖尿病患者为研究对象,分别按照患者体内TSH和HbA1C水平高低进行分组,测定并分析患者TSH、FT3、FT4、血脂、HbA1C、FPG等指标变化情况.结果 不同性别患者组间比较,女性患者的TSH值明显高于男性患者(P<0.05),而FT3和FT4值明显低于男性患者(P均<0.05).按HbAlc水平分为3组,随着HbA1c的升高,HbA1C≤8%组、8%11%组3组患者TSH值分别为2.0±1.0、1.7±1.2L、1.3±1.1mIU/L和FT3值分别为4.7±0.7、4.5±0.6、4.4±0.6 pmol/L,TSH和FT3均逐渐降低,差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05),并且TSH和FT3均与HbA1c呈负相关(r=-0.133、-0.132,P=0.025、0.001).按TSH水平分为3组,随着患者TSH水平的升高,0.3mIU/L≤TSH≤1.7mIU/L组,1.7mIU/L相似文献   

Digitiser/processor for extraction of clinical parameters from Doppler-shift waveforms

Blood flow detected by Doppler-shift velocimeters may be displayed using frequency analysers such as Spectrascribe (Medishield Corporation, London). To interpret these waveforms and produce rapid reliable diagnosis a digitiser/processor has been constructed. It is based on an Intel 4040 microprocessor and a Summagraphics magnetostrictive digitiser. Software is described that provides for operation either remotely via an RS232 interface or from the front panel of the instrument. Routines are provided for measurements of the various parameters used in Doppler-shift diagnosis plus general purpose area, distance and angle programs. Prompts are provided by an alphanumeric display, which also shows the relevant answer. The resulting equipment provides a simple, rapid and economic means of performing hitherto cumbersome measurements to be made routinely on a clinical basis.     

SPF级KM小鼠主要脏器重量和血液生化值的测定

目的：建立本实验动物中心SPF级KM小鼠主要脏器,血液及血生化等指标的背景资料,并分析比较雌雄之间的差异。方法：（1）选取同日龄出生的SPF乳鼠200只,雌雄各半,分别在28、56、114日龄时随机抽取60只（雌雄各半）,活体称重,依次剖取心、肝等主要脏器器官称重,计算脏器系数。（2）同时采集28日龄SPF小鼠60只（雌雄各半）的血液,作血液学和血生化测定。结果：（1）同期雌、雄小鼠的心、肝、肺、肾、胸腺脏器系数差异显著（P〈0．01）;随着日龄增长心、肝、脾、肾、肾上腺和胸腺系数变小,但睾丸、附睾、卵巢和子宫系数增大。（2）28日龄雌、雄小鼠血液学检查表明HCT和PLT有差异（P〈0．05）;血生化检测表明ALT、AST、AKP、GLU、TG之间差异不显著（P〉0．05）,但CRE、TC、BUN结果差异显著（P〈0．01）。结论：性别因素对脏器重量、脏器系数以及血液、血生化指标都有一定的影响。