股浅静脉带戒术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全18例

目的探讨股静脉带戒术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的疗效。方法经彩超证实的18例(18条肢体)原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全患者,在行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱+交通支结扎术同时行股静脉带戒术。结果均痊愈出院,随访3~36个月,下肢水肿消失或明显减轻,色素沉着明显减退,酸胀感消失,无一例形成血栓,术后复查彩超,深静脉通畅,无反流或较术前明显减少。结论股静脉带戒术有助于原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全患者临床症状和体征的缓解,值得推广。     

股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全疗效评价

目的　评价股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的疗效和应用价值。方法　 97例 (97侧肢体 )经静脉顺行造影证实为原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的患者分为A、B两组 ,A组 79例 ,B组 18例。A组行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术加交通支结扎术同时行股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术 ,B组仅行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术加交通支结扎术。以CEAP临床分类与临床记分和顺行性下肢静脉造影评价疗效。结果　A、B两组术后临床记分均明显下降 (A组P <0 0 1;B组P <0 0 5 )。A组中C5～C6者手术效果较C2 ～C4者好 ;两组C2 ～C4者比较 ,A组手术效果优于B组。术后A组中 6 7侧患肢行顺行性下肢静脉造影 ,瓣膜功能恢复有效率为 83 5 8% (5 6 /6 7) ,显效率为 4 1 79% (2 8/6 7) ;B组 12侧患肢股浅静脉瓣膜功能恢复有效率为 33 33% ,两组有效率比较 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　大隐静脉高位结扎加交通支结扎加股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术 ,较大隐静脉高位结扎加交通支结扎术更有助于临床症状缓解和瓣膜形态功能的恢复。术前明确诊断为原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全患者 ,宜行股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄手术。     

预防性股静脉瓣膜戴戒术治疗单纯性下肢静脉曲张的临床研究

将４０例单纯性大隐静脉曲张患者随机分为Ａ，Ｂ二组，Ａ组作大隐静脉高位结扎、剥脱及交通支结扎手术，Ｂ组同时作预防性股静脉膜戴戒术。结果表明，二组手术后近期效果相同，对患肢静脉压的影响也无差别。但是，Ａ组手术后３年多时间里发生深静脉瓣膜功能不全Ⅰ级１例，Ⅱ级１例，Ｂ组却无１例发生。提示，股静脉瓣膜戴戒术对单纯性大隐静脉曲张手术后复发可能具有一定的预防作用。     

下肢浅静脉手术后深静脉瓣膜功能的变化

目的对比研究大隐静脉激光闭合术和高位结扎剥脱术治疗下肢浅静脉曲张对改善深静脉瓣膜功能的作用,探讨二者改善深静脉倒流的程度是否有差异及可能的机制。方法收集60例（70条肢体）住院治疗的下肢原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全的患者,随机分为两组,每组30例,分别行激光腔内闭合术和大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术。两组患者术前均经过双功能彩色多普勒超声检查记录深静脉血流动力学指标,手术后三个月对患者进行随访,比较手术前后深静脉瓣膜功能是否有改善及改善的程度,并对比两种手术方法对深静脉瓣膜功能改善的程度是否存在差异。结果两组患者在手术后深静脉血流动力学指标均有明显改善（P〈0．05）,但激光腔内闭合术与大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术对深静脉返流的改善无差异（P〉0．05）。股浅静脉和胭静脉的瓣膜功能通过手术均得到了改善（P〈0．05）,但二者在改善的程度上没有差异（P〉0．05）。结论两种手术方法均是治疗下肢静脉曲张的有效术式,并且确实可以在一定程度上改善深静脉瓣膜功能,当出现下肢浅静脉曲张时早期手术可能延缓深静脉瓣膜功能不全出现的进程。     

下肢静脉曲张伴原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全手术方法的探讨

目的：探讨下肢静脉曲张伴原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的治疗方法。方法：回顾性总结1990年11月至2000年6月间治疗的下肢静脉曲张伴有深静脉瓣膜功能不全（3－4）级患者189人，245条肢体。将所有患者随机分为试验组133条肢体和对照组112条肢体，所有患者均行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术或大隐静脉高位结扎电凝术，试验组同行行股浅静脉戴戒术。结果：手术成功率100％，随访率为87％，随访时间为6个月至9年2个月，平均4年；两组术后的复发率均为3．3％，症状及体征有极大的改善，疗效比较差异无显著意义（P＞0．05）。结论：下肢静脉曲张伴有原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全时，单独进行浅静脉的高位结扎剥脱术即能达到满意的结果，并不一定要同时进行深静脉瓣膜的处理。     

原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜关闭不全的治疗

报道18例原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜关闭不全患者,采用股浅,隐-股静脉瓣膜戴戒术,大隐静脉高位属支结扎、主干曲张静脉剥脱术,小腿局部曲张浅静脉间断缝扎技术治疗。随访4～26个月,症状基本消失,皮炎明显好转。术后1～3角溃疡愈合。有3例作逆行 顺行静脉造影,显示1级瓣膜功能。     

术中超声辅助股浅静脉瓣膜戴戒术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全

目的研究术中加用多普勒超声辅助股浅静脉瓣膜戴戒术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全(PDVI)的疗效和应用价值。方法对2001年6月起至2006年6月第四军医大学西京医院经静脉顺行造影证实为PDVI的87例临床资料进行分析。分为两组:A组(44例)行术中联合多普勒超声的股浅静脉瓣膜戴戒术加曲张静脉剥脱术。B组采用传统股浅静脉瓣膜戴戒术加曲张静脉剥脱术。以瓣膜返流持续时间评价即时效果,以癌胚抗原蛋白(CEAP)临床分类与临床记分做随访评价疗效。结果A组病人戴戒前后术中超声检测显示静脉瓣返流持续时间戴戒后较戴戒前明显缩短(P<0.01)。CEAP分组结果显示A组手术有效率达95.0%(38/40),B组有效率为76.7%(33/43),两组有效率比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。A、B两组术后临床记分均明显下降,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论股浅静脉瓣膜戴戒术采用术中多普勒超声检查进行辅助能够有效提高手术的针对性,提高疗效。     

两种不同手术方式治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的对比研究

目的比较TriV ex旋切术联合腔内激光与大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术联合股浅静脉戴戒术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全(PDVI)的疗效和并发症。方法将2010年2月至2014年7月本院收治CEAP分级为C4级以下108例PDVI患者(137条患肢),分为观察组(TriV ex旋切术联合腔内激光治疗)和对照组(传统大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术联合股浅静脉戴戒术),对比观察两组临床疗效和术后并发症。结果患者肢体症状均不同程度缓解,有效率100%,两组手术方式均能明显改善症状和有效控制血液反流;观察组手术时间、住院时间、术中出血量、切口数和术后淋巴水肿比较结果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);切口感染、皮下瘀斑、硬结、皮肤麻木及深静脉血栓形成两组差异无统计学意义。结论两种手术方式均是治疗PDVI安全、有效的手段,但TriV ex旋切术联合腔内激光治疗术具有创伤小、恢复快,值得推广开展。     

术中深静脉逆行造影在下肢静脉曲张手术中的应用

探讨术中经大隐静脉行深静脉逆行造影在下肢静脉曲张手术治疗中的应用价值。下肢静脉曲张手术中经大隐静脉置造影导管,阻断股总静脉行下肢深静脉逆行造影,观察深静脉瓣膜开放及返流程度,瓣膜功能及返流判定参考Kistner分级标准。本组178条肢体,返流0级35条(19.7%),Ⅰ级33条(18.5%),Ⅱ级59条(33.1%),Ⅲ级37条(20.8%),Ⅳ级14条(7.9%)。本组均行大隐静脉高位结扎+主干及曲张静脉剥脱+交通支结扎术,其中15例一期股浅静脉瓣膜环型缩窄术。术中逆行造影能更好地评价下肢深静脉瓣膜功能,有助于明确是否需要同期瓣膜修复手术。     

腔内激光联合手术治疗下肢静脉曲张的实验和临床研究

目的评价改进腔内激光(EVLT)联合手术治疗下肢静脉曲张的疗效。方法下肢静脉曲张90例116条下肢。按病因和病情采用3种手术治疗(1)A组临床表现明显的原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全24条下肢,作股浅静脉瓣膜包窄 大隐静脉高位结扎 EVLT 内镜下小腿内侧交通静脉离断术SEPS;(2)B组轻度原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全26条下肢,作大隐静脉高位结扎 EVLT SEPS;(3)C组单纯性大隐静脉曲张66条下肢,作大隐静脉高位结扎 EVLT。结果平均随访20个月,3组患者均无复发,临床症状和体征消退或好转,溃疡均愈合。彩超检查示大隐静脉全程闭合,无血流信号,深静脉回流通畅。结论EVLT具有微创、安全、操作简单和疗效良好的优点,针对病因和病情联合不同手术治疗下肢静脉病变效果满意。     

应用股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的疗效评价

目的用CEAP分类记分法 (clinical,etiologic ,anatomic ,andpathophysiologic ,CEAP)评价股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全 (PDVI)的疗效和应用价值。方法将 97例 (97侧肢体 )经顺行性静脉造影证实PDVI的患者分为A组 79侧 ,B组 18侧。A组行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱 交通支结扎术同时行股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术 ,B组仅行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱 交通支结扎术。以CEAP临床分类与临床记分评价疗效。结果A、B两组术后临床记分均明显下降 (A组由 6 4± 3 7降至 1 7± 1 8,P <0 0 1;B组由 3 8± 3 6降至 1 4± 1 5 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,A组较B组下降程度更大 (P <0 0 1)。结论从CEAP临床记分结果看 ,股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄手术有助于PDVI患者临床症状缓解。因此术前明确诊断为PDVI的患者 ,应行股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄手术。     

腰鼓式股浅静脉环缩术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全

目的 应用改良的腰鼓式浅静脉环缩术治疗原发性下肢静脉瓣膜功能不全,评价治疗效果.方法 对原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的25例患者(共29条下肢)进行股浅静脉瓣膜腰鼓式环缩手术.结果 25例(29条患肢)近期症状和体征全部或基本消失,24例(28条患肢)瓣膜功能恢复至Kistner 0～Ⅰ级,Ⅱ级1例,痊愈率96%(24/25),有效率100%(25/25).结论 腰鼓式股浅静脉瓣环缩术在缩窄扩张的股静脉同时,又可防止股静脉瓣窦部因静脉血的重力作用进一步扩张,是治疗深静脉瓣膜功能不全确切手段,结合术中造影可有效解决如何确定缩窄管径的大小及修复瓣膜的数目的 难题.     

Femoral venous reflux abolished by greater saphenous vein stripping

Preoperative venous duplex scanning has revealed unexpected deep venous incompetence in patients with apparently only varicose veins. Acting on the hypothesis that the deep vein reflux was secondary to deep vein dilation caused by reflux volume, the following was done. Between July 1990 and April 1993, 29 limbs in 21 patients (16 females) were examined by color-flow duplex imaging to determine valve closure by the method of van Bemmelen. Instrumentation included high-resolution ATL-9 venous interrogation using a pneumatic cuff deflation stimulus of reflux in the standing, nonweight-bearing limb. All limbs showed greater saphenous vein reflux. Twenty-nine showed superficial femoral vein reflux and of these three showed popliteal vein reflux. Duplex testing was performed by a certified vascular technologist whose interpretation was blinded as to the results of clinical examination and grading of the severity of venous insufficiency. Surgery was performed on an outpatient basis under general anesthesia using groin-to-knee removal of the greater saphenous vein by the vein inversion technique of Van Der Strict. Stab avulsion of varicose tributary veins was accomplished during the same period of anesthesia. In 27 of 29 limbs with preoperative femoral reflux, that reflux was abolished by greater saphenous stripping. In patients with popliteal reflux both femoral and popliteal reflux was abolished. Improvement of deep venous hemodynamics by ablation of superficial reflux supports the reflux circuit theory of venous overload. Furthermore, preoperative evaluation of venous hemodynamics by duplex scanning appears to provide useful pre- and postoperative information regarding venous insufficiency in individual patients.Presented at the Twelfth Annual Meeting of the Southern California Vascular Surgical Society, Coronado, Calif, September 17–19, 1993.     

内镜下深筋膜下交通支离断术治疗老年下肢慢性静脉性溃疡

目的 :探讨电视内镜下深筋膜下交通支静脉离断术治疗老年下肢慢性静脉性溃疡的可行性。方法 :大隐静脉曲张 6例 (10条肢体 ) ,同时存在浅静脉倒流、交通支静脉功能不全和静脉性溃疡 ,4条肢体深静脉功能不全。手术方法为高位结扎大隐静脉 ,分段抽剥 ,内镜下行深筋膜下交通支离断术 ,1例行股静脉戴戒术。结果 :术后肢体症状和浅静脉曲张消失 ,肢体溃疡或皮炎 3周内愈合。结论 :内镜下深筋膜下交通支结扎术具有微创、有效的特点 ,是治疗下肢静脉功能不全性溃疡的有效方法     

下肢深静脉功能不全诊治的实验和临床研究

目的研究治疗不同程度下肢原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全的有效方法。方法①观察以自体大隐静脉片、自体阔筋膜片和人造血管片作深静脉瓣膜包窄术的效果;②分别采用股或静脉瓣修复加包窄术、股或（和）静脉瓣包窄术、股浅静脉瓣修复和包窄加静脉瓣包窄术、自体带瓣腋静脉段静脉移植外加人造血管环包术、股静脉瓣包窄加静脉外代瓣术、静脉外代瓣术,共治疗１２１例（１３３条患肢）;③以静脉插管造影和彩色多普勒超声检查作为诊断和评估疗效的观察指标。结果①以膨体聚四氟乙烯人造血管片作包窄材料的效果最好;②彩超检查与静脉造影比较准确率为９１８６％;③本组患者平均随访３７８年,治愈率９１７３％。结论治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全,应根据病情选用不同的手术方法。     

浅静脉剥脱术治疗合并深浅静脉反流的下肢静脉曲张

目的 探讨下肢浅静脉剥脱术对合并深、浅静脉反流的静脉曲张的疗效.方法 2004年1月至2006年12月选取合并深浅静脉反流患者20例共22条下肢,以单纯浅静脉反流患者22例共27条下肢为对照,采用传统静脉剥脱手术方法治疗.以静脉临床严重程度评分(venous clinical severity score,VCSS)临床评分体系以及彩色多普勒超声检查观察二组术前以及术后2年临床症状改善以及深静脉反流程度的变化.结果 深浅静脉反流组和单纯浅静脉反流组术前VCSS分别为(7.1±2.9)分和(6.6±2.0)分,差异无统计学意义(P=0.44).术后两组VCSS分别为(2.3±1.2)分和(1.8±0.8)分,差异无统计学意义(P=0.13).随访两年各组手术前后VCSS评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),2年后超声检查深浅静脉反流组中深静脉反流程度无改变肢体11条,改善7条,加重4条,单纯浅静脉反流组4个肢体出现深静脉反流.结论 浅静脉剥脱术可改善合并深静脉反流患者的临床症状,对深静脉反流总体无影响.     

腘静脉肌袢成形术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全

目的研究下肢腘静脉肌袢成形术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的临床疗效. 方法 1997年1月～2001年6月,选择经过彩色多谱勒、静脉造影确诊为原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的27例(27条)下肢,病程2～32年,平均17.4年.均有浅静脉曲张;其中小腿沉重感25例;肿胀22例;足靴区色素沉着25例;单侧慢性溃疡19例;2例曾行单纯大隐静脉结扎剥脱术.静脉压静息直立时平均为(11.00±0.73) kPa, 活动后平均为(9.14±0.68) kPa.均行腘静脉肌袢成形术,同时行大隐静脉高位结扎抽剥术,有12例行腔镜下交通支结扎. 结果术后27条患肢静脉压活动后平均下降为(5.94±0.82) kPa.与术前活动后平均值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).近期疗效良好,小腿沉重感及肿胀完全或基本消失,溃疡创面在2周内愈合.术后22条患肢获2～6年随访,21条患肢疗效优良,无复发;1例随访3年时因肌袢粘连导致小腿深静脉血栓形成. 结论严格掌握适应证,规范手术操作,腘静脉肌袢成形术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全,可获得满意效果.     

Prevention or reversal of deep venous insufficiency by aggressive treatment of superficial venous disease

Background

This study of patients who received either aggressive or less-aggressive treatment for superficial venous disease was undertaken to determine its effects on deep venous insufficiency (DVI).

Methods

From 1998 to 2004, we treated 1,500 consecutive patients with superficial venous disease at our outpatient care center. A total of 100 patients were available for the study; the remaining patients were not available for the complete follow-up duplex scans 6 months after therapy, irrespective of the therapeutic results. Sixty-four patients underwent aggressive therapy, which included high ligation with partial selective perforation-invagination (PIN) axial stripping of the greater saphenous vein, ambulatory stab phlebectomy of the varicose veins, and transdermal treatment of the spider veins. Thirty-six patients underwent less-aggressive treatment, which included high ligation with selective partial PIN axial stripping of the greater saphenous vein and ambulatory phlebectomy of varicose vein clusters but no spider vein treatment.

Results

Follow-up duplex scanning after aggressive treatment of superficial venous disease showed improvement or complete reversal of DVI in the majority of patients. This improvement was defined as a marked decrease in the size of the deep veins in 80% of patients and a decrease of the reflux closure time of the deep venous valves in 83% of patients. Only 28% of patients receiving less-aggressive treatment without transdermal laser therapy of the spider veins showed improvement in their reflux valve closure time; the remaining 72% were unchanged or deteriorated.

Conclusions

Aggressive treatment of superficial venous disease can prevent or even eliminate deep vein insufficiency (DVI).     

Prevalence and clinical significance of posterolateral thigh perforator vein incompetence

Purpose: Posterolateral thigh perforator (PLTP) veins are part of the lateral thigh venous system, which in most people remains undeveloped. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of these veins.Methods: Over the past 6 years, 2820 lower limbs with signs and symptoms of chronic venous disease (CVD) were evaluated for venous reflux using color flow duplex imaging. Superficial, perforating, and deep veins were examined in the standing, sitting, and reversed Trendelenburg positions. PLTP veins were best identified in the standing position with the patient facing away from the examiner.Results: Twenty-six incompetent PLTP veins were found in 24 limbs (0.85%) of 21 patients (mean age, 43 ± 16 years; range, 22 to 77 years). All PLTP veins pierced the fascia lata 12 to 25 cm (mean, 16 ± 3 cm) above the popliteal skin crease in the lateral aspect of the thigh. At this level, the PLTP veins dove posteriorly 3 to 8 cm to join primarily tributaries of the deep femoral vein, superficial femoral vein, or both. Eight PLTP veins were duplicated at 1 to 2 cm below the fascia. Seven PLTP veins gave rise to superficial tributaries that were extended to the lower lateral and posterior thigh, whereas the remaining 19 PLTP veins gave rise to tributaries alongside the lesser saphenous vein and the anterior arch of the greater saphenous vein. On nine occasions, reflux was found in the PLTP veins and their associated tributaries alone. In all of these cases, reflux was adequately controlled with a tourniquet placed distal to the fascial defect. In the remaining 17 PLTP veins, reflux was also seen in the greater saphenous vein, the lesser saphenous vein, or both. None of the limbs that had PLTP vein reflux alone exceeded CVD class 3. When PLTP vein reflux was combined with saphenous reflux, there were five limbs classified as CVD class 4 and one limb each as CVD classes 5 and 6. Twenty limbs underwent ligation and stripping of the varicosities. Three of the earlier patients in the series underwent incomplete operations, which resulted in immediate residual varicosities from the PLTP tributaries. All three patients underwent reoperation successfully within a year.Conclusions: The prevalence of PLTP vein reflux is quite low. Reflux in the PLTP veins alone is associated with mild to moderate clinical presentation. However, when it is combined with saphenous reflux skin damage can be present. Failure to recognize PLTP veins may result in an incomplete or unnecessary operation, leaving the patients with residual varicose veins. (J Vasc Surg 1997; 26:743-8.)