内镜治疗十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石的临床研究

目的探讨内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(EST)治疗十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石的治疗方法及价值。方法对107例十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石患者行EST和(或)适度水压气囊扩张,并行网篮取石和(或)机械碎石后网篮取石。结果 107例行EST后99例取净结石(92.5%),术后发生胰腺炎3例,出血2例,穿孔1例,并发症发生率为8.4%。结论内镜下治疗十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石是首选的治疗方法,只要熟悉胆总管末端与憩室的解剖关系;明确适当的切开指征,掌握EST及取石的操作技巧,就可避免或减少并发症的发生。     

内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术治疗十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石的临床研究

目的 探讨内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术（EST）治疗十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石的治疗方法及价值。方法 对35例十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石患者行内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术（EST），并行网篮取石和（或）机械碎石后网篮取石。结果 35例行EST后34例取净结石，结石 取净率97％。其中大切开6例，中切开25例，小切开4例。术后无出血、穿孔及死亡病例。术后AKP、r-GT、TB、DB等生化指标较术前明显下降。随访后33例治愈无复发，随防平均时间2．3年。结论 应根据憩室位置和结石大小因人而宜地选择合适的乳头切开长度，必要时采取碎石等其他辅助手段，可避免并发症的发生。     

十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石的内镜治疗

目的 探讨诊疗性内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(EKCP)及内镜下乳头括约肌切开术(EST)对十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石治疗的方法及价值.方法 回顾性分析48例十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石患者的十二指肠乳头旁憩室与十二指肠乳头的关系及其对ERCP成功率、EST及其并发症的影响.结果 该组48例十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆总管结石患者,占所发现十二指肠乳头旁憩室的60%(48/80).EKCP造影成功率97.9%(47/48),47例患者中45例(95.7%)成功施行EST取石.2例EST失败,1例因结石太大网篮圈套困难,另1例因十二指肠变形,内镜难以达到理想位置取石失败转外科手术治疗.该组EST术中创口出血者4例均经局部内镜止血成功,术中及术后无十二指肠穿孔、急性胰腺炎等严重并发症发生,无死亡病例.结论 胆道结石发生率与十二指肠乳头旁憩室发生有关.十二指肠乳头旁憩室对ERCP及EST治疗胆管结石的影响是有限的,只要操作者耐心、细心,十二指肠乳头旁憩室合并胆管结石经内镜下取石仍是一种安全、有效的治疗手段.     

内镜下乳头括约肌切开术治疗胆总管结石的临床应用

目的 探讨内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)和内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(EST)治疗胆总管结石的临床价值.方法 对2004～009年该院126例胆总管结石患者应用内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术治疗胆总管结石病例进行分析研究.结果 126例患者中,结石一次性取净者96例,经2次取净结石者26例,共122例取石成功,内镜治愈率96.8%;术后出现并发症5例.占4.09%,其中出血、急性胆管炎1例,急性胰腺炎2例,其他2例患者术后出现轻度上腹疼痛、恶心、呕吐及一过性高淀粉酶血症.结论 内镜下乳头括约肌切开术治疗胆总管结石,具有创伤小、并发症少、疗效确切、安全、有效,恢复快等优点,是目前治疗胆总管结石的较好方法 .     

内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术治疗老年胆总管结石的手术配合及护理

目的 探讨内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(EST)治疗胆总管结石的效果及护理要点.方法 回顾性分析73例行EST取石术治疗老年胆总管结石患者的临床资料,术前对患者进行耐心细致的心理护理及检查准备工作,术中严密观察患者生命体征变化及护理,术后进行呼吸道的护理、心血管疾病及糖尿病的护理、疼痛护理、并发症的观察处理.结果 73例患者取石成功69例,成功率为94.5%;术后并发高淀粉酶血症8例,经保守治疗临床痊愈;2例出现发热、白细胞计数增高,使用有效抗生素治疗后好转;无穿孔、切口出血及死亡病例发生.结论 EST治疗胆总管结石,疗效好,风险小;通过细心的观察与护理,减少了老年患者并发症的发生,促进了患者的早日康复,提高了老年患者的生活质量.     

内镜下针式刀乳头切开术治疗胆总管结石

目的 评价内镜下针式刀乳头切开术（NKP）治疗胆总管结石的疗效。方法 76例胆总管结石行NKP，部分病例行胆总管取石、碎石及鼻胆管引流，观察术前及术后血清TBIL、DBIL、AKP、GGT及ALT的变化及并发症。结果 76例患者NKP前及NKP后第3天测定血清TBIL、DBIL、AKP、GGT及肿有显著性差异。并发症发生率为3．95％，出血2例、急性轻型胰腺炎1例。结论 NKP治疗胆总管结石疗效屁著，安全可靠。     

经内镜乳头括约肌切开治疗胆总管结石术后护理干预对其康复的影响

目的 观察经内镜十二指肠乳头括约肌切开(EST)治疗胆总管结石近期效果,探讨术后护理干预与结石复发情况的相关性,进一步减少EST术后复发,提高成功率.方法 46例在我院消化内科经内镜下乳头括约肌切开取石术患者随机分成两组,干预组及对照组.干预组自术后给予心理护理,定期随访,增加用药依从性,饮食干预等措施;对照组定期随访了解病情,观察时间均为1年.结果 46例患者中23例经过护理干预,术后恢复良好,术后并发症较少,复发率明显低于对照组.结论 经内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开取石术治疗胆管结石创伤小、恢复快、疗效好.充分的术后护理干预是手术成功、减少复发的重要因素.     

腹腔镜胆总管切开取石与内镜乳头括约肌切开取石治疗胆总管结石的疗效对比分析

选取2009年1月~2014年1月我院收治的84例胆总管结石患者。随机分为观察组和对照组各42例。观察组给予腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术(LCBDE)治疗,对照组采取内镜乳头括约肌切开取石术(EST)治疗,比较两组术中、术后一般情况。结果两组手术时间、住院天数及术中出血量比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组成功率为95.2%,与对照组比较无明显差异(P0.05);观察组的复发率及并发症率依次为7.1%和9.5%,均明显低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两种术式的近期疗效无明显差异,但LCBDE的复发率及并发症率均低于EST,更具应用价值。     

经内镜十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术治疗高龄胆总管结石病人的护理

[目的]总结经内镜十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术（EST）治疗高龄胆总管结石病人的护理措施。[方法]回顾性分析36例高龄胆总管结石行EST治疗病人的临床资料。[结果]本组病人3例未能取出结石，33例治愈出院。[结论]加强围术期护理是高龄胆总管结石病人行EST治疗顺利进行的保障。     

经内镜十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术治疗高龄胆总管结石病人的护理

[目的]总结经内镜十二指肠乳头括约肌切开(EST)治疗高龄胆总管结石病人的护理措施.[方法]回顾性分析36例高龄胆总管结石行EST治疗病人的临床资料.[结果]本组病人3例未能取出结石,33例治愈出院.[结论]加强围术期护理是高龄胆总管结石病人行EST治疗顺利进行的保障.     

Biliary extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the treatment of an impacted stone in bile duct diverticulum

A calcified, retained stone impacted in a diverticulum of the distal common bile duct was successfully treated with biliary extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (BESWL). The stone fragments spontaneously passed within 1 week of lithotripsy treatment without the aid of further intervention. This case is unusual in that the stone lodged in a bile duct diverticulum proved inaccessible at the time of surgical exploration.     

Successful treatment of an impacted common bile duct stone with intraoperative choledochoscopic electrohydraulic lithotripsy.

An impacted distal common bile duct stone which was encountered during supraduodenal common bile duct exploration could not be retrieved using stone forceps, a basket, normal saline flushing or a Fogarty catheter. Using intraoperative choledochoscopic electrohydraulic lithotripsy the stone was fragmented and successfully removed with a basket and normal saline flushing. The patient was well after a follow-up period of 18 months.     

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided bile duct access for rendezvous ERCP drainage in the setting of intradiverticular papilla

Cannulation of an intradiverticular papilla during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) can be challenging. We present here a technique for endoscopic ultrasound-guided puncture of the common bile duct followed by rendezvous ERCP for biliary drainage through the native intradiverticular papilla.     

Endoscopic mechanical lithotripsy for the treatment of common bile duct stone. Experience with the improved double sheath basket catheter

Using a newly designed basket catheter, endoscopic mechanical lithotripsy was attempted in 14 patients with common bile duct stones following endoscopic sphincterotomy, and was successful in all cases. Endoscopic mechanical lithotripsy is a supplementary means of removing common bile duct stones after endoscopic sphincterotomy, and its usefulness is highly rated. In some cases, however, there is difficulty in inserting the basket catheter into the common bile duct and grasping the gallstone. The newly designed forceps was accordingly developed, to smash these bile duct stone more reliably and effectively.     

超声内镜引导下胆管引流

超声内镜（endoscopic ultrosonography,EUS）引导下胆管引流是胰胆疾病内镜治疗的发展方向之一,可消除内镜下逆行胰胆管造影（Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography,ERCP）的＂死角＂。本文重点介绍EUS引导下胆管引流技术及设备要求、操作方法及临床应用。     

Endoscopic and percutaneous treatment of difficult bile duct stones

About 90 % of ductal stones can be extracted after endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) with routine endoscopic maneuvers. The main reasons for failure are a difficult gastroduodenal or biliary anatomy, or impacted or excessively large stones which cannot be grasped with basket catheters. Various nonsurgical procedures complementary to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are available for these selected cases. For each of these methods, risks and benefits must be weighed against a surgical common bile duct exploration.